| The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade | |
关税与贸易总协定
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The Governments of the Commonwealth of Australia, the Kingdom of Belgium, the United States of Brazil, Burma, Canada, Ceylon, the Republic of Chile, the Republic of China, the Republic of Cuba, the Czechoslovak Republic, the French Republic, India, Lebanon, the Grand-Duchy of Luxemburg, the Kingdom of the Netherlands, New Zealand, the Kingdom of Norway, Pakistan, Southern Rhodesia, Syria, the Union of South Africa, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America: | |
缔约各国政府， |
Recognizing that their relations in the field of trade and economic endeavour should be conducted with a view to raising standards of living, ensuring full employment and a large and steadily growing volume of real income and effective demand, developing the full use of the resources of the world and expanding the production and exchange of goods, | |
认为在处理它们的贸易和经济事业的关系方面，应以提高生活水平，保证充分就业、保证实际收入和有效需求的巨大持续增长、扩大世界资源的充分利用以及发展商品的生产与交换为目的， |
Being desirous of contributing to these objectives by entering into reciprocal and mutually advantageous arrangements directed to the substantial reduction of tariffs and other barriers to trade and to the elimination of discriminatory treatment in international commerce, | |
切望达成互惠互利协议，导致大幅度地削减关税和其它贸易障碍，取消国际贸易中的歧视待遇，以对上述目的作出贡献， |
Have through their Representatives agreed as follows: | |
经各国代表谈判达成如下协议： |
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| PART I | | 第一部分 |
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| Article I General Most-Favoured-Nation Treatment | | 第一条 一般最惠国待遇 |
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| 1.With respect to customs duties and charges of any kind imposed on or in connection with importation or exportation or imposed on the international transfer of payments for imports or exports, and with respect to the method of levying such duties and charges, and with respect to all rules and formalities in connection with importation and exportation, and with respect to all matters referred to in paragraphs 2 and 4 of Article III,* any advantage, favour, privilege or immunity granted by any contracting party to any product originating in or destined for any other country shall be accorded immediately and unconditionally to the like product originating in or destined for the territories of all other contracting parties. | | １．在对输出或输入、有关输出或输入及输出入货物的国际支付转帐所征收的关税和费用方面，在征收上述关税和费用的方法方面，在输出和输入的规章手续方面，以及在本协定第三条第２款及第４款所述事项方面*，一缔约国对来自或运往其它国家的产品所给予的利益，优待、特权或豁免，应当立即无条件地给予来自或运往所有其它缔约国的相同产品。 |
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| 2.The provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article shall not require the elimination of any preferences in respect of import duties or charges which do not exceed the levels provided for in paragraph 4 of this Article and which fall within the following descriptions: | | ２．任何有关进口关税或费用的优惠待遇，如不超过本条第４款规定的水平，而且在下列范围以内，不必按本条第１款的规定予以取消： |
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| (a)Preferences in force exclusively between two or more of the territories listed in Annex A, subject to the conditions set forth therein; | | （甲）本协定附件一所列两个或两个以上的领土之间专享的现行优惠待遇，但以不违反这个附件所订的条件为限； |
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| (b)Preferences in force exclusively between two or more territories which on July 1, 1939, were connected by common sovereignty or relations of protection or suzerainty and which are listed in Annexes B, C and D, subject to the conditions set forth therein; | | （乙）本协定附件二、附件三和附件四所列已于１９３９年７月１日以共同主权、保护关系或宗主权互相结合的两个或两个以上的领土之间专享的现行优惠待遇，但以不违反这些附件所订的条件为限； |
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| (c)Preferences in force exclusively between the United States of America and the Republic of Cuba; | | （丙）美利坚合众国和古巴共和国之间专享的现行优惠待遇； |
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| (d)Preferences in force exclusively between neighbouring countries listed in Annexes E and F. | | （丁）本协定附件五和附件六所列的毗邻国家之间专享的现行优惠待遇。 |
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| 3.The provisions of paragraph 1 shall not apply to preferences between the countries formerly a part of the Ottoman Empire and detached from it on July 24, 1923, provided such preferences are approved under paragraph 5 , of Article XXV which shall be applied in this respect in the light of paragraph 1 of Article XXIX. | | ３．原属于奥托曼帝国后于１９２３年７月２４日分离出来的国家之间实施的优惠待遇，如能按本协定第二十五条第５款的规定予以批准，应不受本条第１款规定的约束。对这个问题运用本协定第二十五条第５款，应参考本协定第二十九条第１款。 |
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| 4.The margin of preference* on any product in respect of which a preference is permitted under paragraph 2 of this Article but is not specifically set forth as a maximum margin of preference in the appropriate Schedule annexed to this Agreement shall not exceed: | | ４．按本条第２款可以享受优惠待遇的任何产品，如在有关减让表中未特别规定所享受的优惠就是优惠最高差额，则应按以下规定办理： |
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| (a)in respect of duties or charges on any product described in such Schedule, the difference between the most-favoured-nation and preferential rates provided for therein; if no preferential rate is provided for, the preferential rate shall for the purposes of this paragraph be taken to be that in force on April 10, 1947, and, if no most-favoured-nation rate is provided for, the margin shall not exceed the difference between the most-favoured-nation and preferential rates existing on April 10, 1947; | | （甲）对有关减让表内列明的任何产品的关税和费用，这一产品的优惠差额*应不超过表列的最惠国税率与优惠税率的差额；表中对优惠税率若未作规定，应以１９４７年４月１０日有效实施的优惠税率作为本条所称的优惠税率；表中对最惠国税率若未作规定，其差额应不超过１９４７年４月１０日所实施的最惠国税率与优惠税率的差额； |
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| (b)in respect of duties or charges on any product not described in the appropriate Schedule, the difference between the most-favoured-nation and preferential rates existing on April 10, 1947. | | （乙）对有关减让表内未列明的任何产品的关税和费用，这一产品的优惠差额* 应不超过１９４７年４月１０日所实施的最惠国税率与优惠税率的差额。 |
In the case of the contracting parties named in Annex G, the date of April 10, 1947, referred to in subparagraph (a) and (b) of this paragraph shall be replaced by the respective dates set forth in that Annex. | |
对于本协定附件七所列的各缔约国、本款（甲）项及（乙）项所称１９４７年４月１０日的日期，应分别以这个附件所列的日期代替。 |
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| Article II Schedules of Concessions | | 第二条 减让表 |
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| 1.(a)Each contracting party shall accord to the commerce of the other contracting parties treatment no less favourable than that provided for in the appropriate Part of the appropriate Schedule annexed to this Agreement. | | １．（甲）一缔约国对其它缔约国贸易所给的待遇，不得低于本协定所附这一缔约国的有关减让表中有关部门所列的待遇。 |
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| (b)The products described in Part I of the Schedule relating to any contracting party, which are the products of territories of other contracting parties, shall, on their importation into the territory to which the Schedule relates, and subject to the terms, conditions or qualifications set forth in that Schedule, be exempt from ordinary customs duties in excess of those set forth and provided therein. Such products shall also be exempt from all other duties or charges of any kind imposed on or in connection with the importation in excess of those imposed on the date of this Agreement or those directly and mandatorily required to be imposed thereafter by legislation in force in the importing territory on that date. | | （乙）一缔约国领土的产品如在另一缔约国减让表的第一部分内列名，当这种产品输入到这一减让表所适用的领土时，应依照减让表的规定、条件或限制，对它免征超过减让表所列的普通关税。对这种产品，也应免征超过于本协定签订之日对输入或有关输入所征收的任何其它税费，或免征超过于本协定签订之日进口领土内现行法律规定以后要直接或授权征收的任何其它税费。 |
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| (c)The products described in Part II of the Schedule relating to any contracting party which are the products of territories entitled under Article I to receive preferential treatment upon importation into the territory to which the Schedule relates shall, on their importation into such territory, and subject to the terms, conditions or qualifications set forth in that Schedule, be exempt from ordinary customs duties in excess of those set forth and provided for in Part II of that Schedule. Such products shall also be exempt from all other duties or charges of any kind imposed on or in connection with importation in excess of those imposed on the date of this Agreement or those directly or mandatorily required to be imposed thereafter by legislation in force in the importing territory on that date. Nothing in this Article shall prevent any contracting party from maintaining its requirements existing on the date of this Agreement as to the eligibility of goods for entry at preferential rates of duty. | | （丙）一缔约国领土的产品如在另一缔约国减让表的第二部分内列名，当这种产品输入到这一减让表所适用的领土，按照本协定第一条可以享受优惠待遇时，应依照减让表的规定、条件或限制，对它免征超过减让表所列的普通关税。对这种产品，也应免征超过于本协定签订之日对输入或有关输入所征收的任何其它税费，或免征超过于本协定签订之日进口领土内现行法律规定以后要直接或授权征收的任何其它税费。但本条的规定并不妨碍缔约国维持在本协定签订日关于何种货物可按优惠税率进口的已有规定。 |
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| 2.Nothing in this Article shall prevent any contracting party from imposing at any time on the importation of any product: | | ２．本条不妨碍缔约国对于任何输入产品随时征收下列税费： |
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| (a)a charge equivalent to an internal tax imposed consistently with the provisions of paragraph 2 of Article III* in respect of the like domestic product or in respect of an article from which the imported product has been manufactured or produced in whole or in part; | | （甲）与相同国产品或这一输入产品赖以全部或部分制造或生产的物品按本协定第三条第２款* 所征收的国内税相当的费用； |
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| (b)any anti-dumping or countervailing duty applied consistently with the provisions of Article VI;* | | （乙）按本协定第六条征收的反倾销税或反贴补税； |
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| (c)fees or other charges commensurate with the cost of services rendered. | | （丙）相当于提供服务成本的规费或其它费用。 |
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| 3.No contracting party shall alter its method of determining dutiable value or of converting currencies so as to impair the value of any of the concessions provided for in the appropriate Schedule annexed to this Agreement. | | ３．缔约国不得变更完税价格的审定或货币的折合方法，以损害本协定所附这一缔约国的有关减让表所列的任何减让的价值。 |
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| 4.If any contracting party establishes, maintains or authorizes, formally or in effect, a monopoly of the importation of any product described in the appropriate Schedule annexed to this Agreement, such monopoly shall not, except as provided for in that Schedule or as otherwise agreed between the parties which initially negotiated the concession, operate so as to afford protection on the average in excess of the amount of protection provided for in that Schedule. The provisions of this paragraph shall not limit the use by contracting parties of any form of assistance to domestic producers permitted by other provisions of this Agreement.* | | ４．当缔约国在形式上或事实上对本协定有关减让表列名的某种产品的进口建立、维持或授权实施某种垄断时，这种垄断平均提供的保护，除减让表内有规定或经原谈判减让的各缔约国另有议定的以外，不得超过有关减让表所列的保护水平。但本条的规定，并不限制缔约国根据本协定的其它规定，向本国生产者提供任何形式的援助*。 |
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| 5.If any contracting party considers that a product is not receiving from another contracting party the treatment which the first contracting party believes to have been contemplated by a concession provided for in the appropriate Schedule annexed to this Agreement, it shall bring the matter directly to the attention of the other contracting party. If the latter agrees that the treatment contemplated was that claimed by the first contracting party, but declares that such treatment cannot be accorded because a court or other proper authority has ruled to the effect that the product involved cannot be classified under the tariff laws of such contracting party so as to permit the treatment contemplated in this Agreement, the two contracting parties, together with any other contracting parties substantially interested, shall enter promptly into further negotiations with a view to a compensatory adjustment of the matter. | | ５．如果一缔约国相信某一产品应享受的待遇在本协定所附另一缔约国的减让表所订的减让中已有规定，并认为另一缔约国未给予此种待遇时，这一缔约国可以直接提请另一缔约国注意这一问题。后一缔约国如同意减让表所规定的待遇确系对方所要求的待遇，但声明：由于本国法院或其它有关当局的决定，按照本国税法有关产品不能归入可以享受减让表的应有待遇的一类，因而不能给予这项待遇时，则这两个缔约国，连同其它有实质利害关系的缔约国，应立即进一步进行协商，以便对这一问题达成补偿性的调整办法。 |
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| 6.(a)The specific duties and charges included in the Schedules relating to contracting parties members of the International Monetary Fund, and margins of preference in specific duties and charges maintained by such contracting parties, are expressed in the appropriate currency at the par value accepted or provisionally recognized by the Fund at the date of this Agreement. Accordingly, in case this par value is reduced consistently with the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund by more than twenty per centum, such specific duties and charges and margins of preference may be adjusted to take account of such reduction; provided that the CONTRACTING PARTIES (i.e., the contracting parties acting jointly as provided for in Article XXV) concur that such adjustments will not impair the value of the concessions provided for in the appropriate Schedule or elsewhere in this Agreement, due account being taken of all factors which may influence the need for, or urgency of, such adjustments. | | ６．（甲）缔约国若是国际货币基金的成员国，其减让表所列的从量关税和费用以及其维持的从量关税和费用的优惠差额，系以这一国家的货币按照国际货币基金在本协定签订之日所接受或临时认可的平价表示。因此，当这项平价按国际货币基金协定的规定降低达２０％时，上述从量关税和费用以及优惠差额可根据平价的降低作必要的调整；但须经缔约国全体（指按本协定第二十五条采取联合行动的缔约各国）同意这种调整不致损害本协定有关减让表及本协定其它部分所列减让的价值，而对于与调整的必要性和紧迫性有关的一切因素，都应予以适当考虑。 |
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| (b)Similar provisions shall apply to any contracting party not a member of the Fund, as from the date on which such contracting party becomes a member of the Fund or enters into a special exchange agreement in pursuance of Article XV. | | （乙）对于不是国际货币基金成员国的缔约国，自其成为国际货币基金的成员国或按照本协定第十五条签订特别汇兑协定之日起，上述规定也应适用。 |
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| 7.The Schedules annexed to this Agreement are hereby made an integral part of Part I of this Agreement. | | ７．本协定所附的各减让表，应视为本协定第一部分的组成部分。 |
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| PART II | | 第二部分 |
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| Article III National Treatment on Internal Taxation and Regulation | | 第三条 国内税与国内规章的国民待遇* |
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| 1.The contracting parties recognize that internal taxes and other internal charges, and laws, regulations and requirements affecting the internal sale, offering for sale, purchase, transportation, distribution or use of products, and internal quantitative regulations requiring the mixture, processing or use of products in specified amounts or proportions, should not be applied to imported or domestic products so as to afford protection to domestic production.* | | １．缔约各国认为，国内税和其它国内费用，影响产品的国内销售、推销、购买、运输、分配或使用的法令、条例和规定，以及对产品的混合、加工或使用须符合特定数量或比例要求的国内数量限制条例，在对进口产品或国产品实施时，不应用来对国内生产提供保护* 。 |
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| 2.The products of the territory of any contracting party imported into the territory of any other contracting party shall not be subject, directly or indirectly, to internal taxes or other internal charges of any kind in excess of those applied, directly or indirectly, to like domestic products. Moreover, no contracting party shall otherwise apply internal taxes or other internal charges to imported or domestic products in a manner contrary to the principles set forth in paragraph 1.* | | ２．一缔约国领土的产品输入到另一缔约国领土时，不应对它直接或间接征收高于对相同的国产品所直接或间接征收的国内税或其它国内费用。同时，缔约国不应对进口产品或国产品采用其它与本条第１款规定的原则有抵触的办法来实施国内税或其它国内费用* 。 |
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| 3.With respect to any existing internal tax which is inconsistent with the provisions of paragraph 2, but which is specifically authorized under a trade agreement, in force on April 10, 1947, in which the import duty on the taxed product is bound against increase, the contracting party imposing the tax shall be free to postpone the application of the provisions of paragraph 2 to such tax until such time as it can obtain release from the obligations of such trade agreement in order to permit the increase of such duty to the extent necessary to compensate for the elimination of the protective element of the tax. | | ３．与本条第２款有抵触的现行实施的国内税，如果是１９４７年４月１０日有效的贸易协定中所特别规定允许征收的，而且在有关贸易协定中还规定了凡已征收这种国内税的产品，它的进口关税即不能任意增加，则征收这种国内税的缔约国，可以推迟实施本条第２款的规定，直到在贸易协定中所承担的义务得到解除，它能够增加进口关税以补偿国内税保护因素的取消之时为止。 |
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| 4.The products of the territory of any contracting party imported into the territory of any other contracting party shall be accorded treatment no less favourable than that accorded to like products of national origin in respect of all laws, regulations and requirements affecting their internal sale, offering for sale, purchase, transportation, distribution or use. The provisions of this paragraph shall not prevent the application of differential internal transportation charges which are based exclusively on the economic operation of the means of transport and not on the nationality of the product. | | ４．一缔约国领土的产品输入到另一缔约国领土时，在关于产品的国内销售、推销、购买、运输、分配或使用的全部法令、条例和规定方面，所享受的待遇应不低于相同的国产品所享受的待遇。但本款的规定不应妨碍国内差别运输费用的实施，如果实施这种差别运输费用纯系基于运输工具的经济使用而与产品的国别无关。 |
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| 5.No contracting party shall establish or maintain any internal quantitative regulation relating to the mixture, processing or use of products in specified amounts or proportions which requires, directly or indirectly, that any specified amount or proportion of any product which is the subject of the regulation must be supplied from domestic sources. Moreover, no contracting party shall otherwise apply internal quantitative regulations in a manner contrary to the principles set forth in paragraph 1.* | | ５．缔约国不得建立或维持某种对产品的混合、加工或使用须符合特定数量或比例的国内数量限制条例，直接或间接要求某一特定数量或比例的条例对象产品必须由国内来源供应。缔约国还不应采用其它与本条第１款规定的原则有抵触的办法来实施国内数量限制条例* 。 |
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| 6.The provisions of paragraph 5 shall not apply to any internal quantitative regulation in force in the territory of any contracting party on July 1, 1939, April 10, 1947, or March 24, 1948, at the option of that contracting party; Provided that any such regulation which is contrary to the provisions of paragraph 5 shall not be modified to the detriment of imports and shall be treated as a customs duty for the purpose of negotiation. | | ６．本条第５款的规定不适用于１９３９年７月１日，或１９４７年４月１０日，或１９４８年３月２４日（各缔约国可以从这三个日期中自行选择一个日期）在一个缔约国领土内有效实施的国内数量限制条例；但这种条例如与本条第５款的规定有抵触，不应采取损害进口货的利益的办法来加以修改，应该把它们当做关税来进行谈判。 |
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| 7.No internal quantitative regulation relating to the mixture, processing or use of products in specified amounts or proportions shall be applied in such a manner as to allocate any such amount or proportion among external sources of supply. | | ７．任何对产品的混合、加工或使用须符合特定数量或比例要求的国内数量限制条例，在实施时不得把这种数量或比例在不同的国外供应来源之间进行分配。 |
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| 8.(a)The provisions of this Article shall not apply to laws, regulations or requirements governing the procurement by governmental agencies of products purchased for governmental purposes and not with a view to commercial resale or with a view to use in the production of goods for commercial sale. | | ８．（甲）本条的规定不适用于有关政府机构采购供政府公用、非商业转售或非用以生产供商业销售的物品的管理法令、条例或规定。 |
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| (b)The provisions of this Article shall not prevent the payment of subsidies exclusively to domestic producers, including payments to domestic producers derived from the proceeds of internal taxes or charges applied consistently with the provisions of this Article and subsidies effected through governmental purchases of domestic products. | | （乙）本条的规定不妨碍对国内生产者给予特殊的补贴，包括从按本条规定征收国内税费所得的收入中以及通过政府购买国产品的办法，向国内生产者给予补贴。 |
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| 9.The contracting parties recognize that internal maximum price control measures, even though conforming to the other provisions of this Article, can have effects prejudicial to the interests of contracting parties supplying imported products. Accordingly, contracting parties applying such measures shall take account of the interests of exporting contracting parties with a view to avoiding to the fullest practicable extent such prejudicial effects. | | ９．各缔约国认为，规定国内物价最高限额的管理办法，即使符合本条的其它规定，对供应进口产品的缔约国的利益，可能产生有害的影响。因此，实施这种办法的缔约国，应考虑出口缔约国的利益，以求在最大可能限度内，避免对它们造成损害。 |
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| 10.The provisions of this Article shall not prevent any contracting party from establishing or maintaining internal quantitative regulations relating to exposed cinematograph films and meeting the requirements of Article IV. | | １０．本条的规定不妨碍缔约国建立或者维持符合本协定第四条要求的有关电影片的国内数量限制条例。 |
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| Article IV Special Provisions relating to Cinematograph Films | | 第四条 有关电影片的特殊规定 |
If any contracting party establishes or maintains internal quantitative regulations relating to exposed cinematograph films, such regulations shall take the form of screen quotas which shall conform to the following requirements: | |
缔约国在建立或维持有关电影片的国内数量限制条例时，应采取符合以下要求的放映限额办法： |
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| (a)Screen quotas may require the exhibition of cinematograph films of national origin during a specified minimum proportion of the total screen time actually utilized, over a specified period of not less than one year, in the commercial exhibition of all films of whatever origin, and shall be computed on the basis of screen time per theatre per year or the equivalent thereof; | | （甲）放映限额可以规定，在不短于一年的指定时间内，国产电影片的放映应在各国电影片商业性放映所实际使用的总时间内占一定最低比例；放映限额应以每年或其相当期间内每一电影院的放映时间作为计算基础。 |
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| (b)With the exception of screen time reserved for films of national origin under a screen quota, screen time including that released by administrative action from screen time reserved for films of national origin, shall not be allocated formally or in effect among sources of supply; | | （乙）除根据放映限额为国产电影片保留的放映时间以外，其它放映时间，包括原为国产电影片保留后经管理当局开放的时间在内，不得正式或实际上依照电影片的不同来源进行分配。 |
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| (c)Notwithstanding the provisions of subparagraph (b) of this Article, any contracting party may maintain screen quotas conforming to the requirements of subparagraph (a) of this Article which reserve a minimum proportion of screen time for films of a specified origin other than that of the contracting party imposing such screen quotas; Provided that no such minimum proportion of screen time shall be increased above the level in effect on April 10, 1947; | | （丙）虽有本条（乙）项的规定，任一缔约国可以维持符合本条（甲）项要求的放映限额办法，在实施这项办法的国家以外，对某一国家的电影片保留一最低比例的放映时间。 |
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| (d)Screen quotas shall be subject to negotiation for their limitation, liberalization or elimination. | | （丁）放映限额的限制、放宽或取消，须通过谈判确定。 |
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| Article V Freedom of Transit | | 第五条 过境自由 |
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| 1.Goods (including baggage), and also vessels and other means of transport, shall be deemed to be in transit across the territory of a contracting party when the passage across such territory, with or without trans-shipment, warehousing, breaking bulk, or change in the mode of transport, is only a portion of a complete journey beginning and terminating beyond the frontier of the contracting party across whose territory the traffic passes. Traffic of this nature is termed in this article "traffic in transit". | | １．货物（包括行李在内）、船舶及其它运输工具，经由一缔约国的领土通过，不论有无转船、存仓、起卸或改变运输方式，只要通过的路程是全部运程的一部分，而运输的起点和终点又在运输所经的缔约国的领土以外，应视为经由这一缔我国领土过境，这种性质的运输本条定名为“过境运输”。 |
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| 2.There shall be freedom of transit through the territory of each contracting party, via the routes most convenient for international transit, for traffic in transit to or from the territory of other contracting parties. No distinction shall be made which is based on the flag of vessels, the place of origin, departure, entry, exit or destination, or on any circumstances relating to the ownership of goods, of vessels or of other means of transport. | | ２．来自或前往其它缔约国领土的过境运输，有权按照最便于国际过境的路线通过每一缔约国的领土自由过境。不得以船舶的国籍、来源地、出发地、进入港、驶出港或目的港的不同，或者以有关货物、船舶或其它运输工具的所有权的任何情况，作为实施差别待遇的依据。 |
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| 3.Any contracting party may require that traffic in transit through its territory be entered at the proper custom house, but, except in cases of failure to comply with applicable customs laws and regulations, such traffic coming from or going to the territory of other contracting parties shall not be subject to any unnecessary delays or restrictions and shall be exempt from customs duties and from all transit duties or other charges imposed in respect of transit, except charges for transportation or those commensurate with administrative expenses entailed by transit or with the cost of services rendered. | | ３．缔约国对通过其领土的过境运输，可以要求在适当的海关报关；但是，除了未遵守应适用的海关法令条例的以外，这种来自或前往其它缔约国领土的过境运输，不应受到不必要的耽延或限制，并应对它免征关税、过境税或有关过境的其它费用，但运输费用以及相当于因过境而支出的行政费用或提供服务成本的费用，不在此限。 |
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| 4.All charges and regulations imposed by contracting parties on traffic in transit to or from the territories of other contracting parties shall be reasonable, having regard to the conditions of the traffic. | | ４．缔约国对来自或前往其它缔约国领土的过境运输所征收的费用及所实施的条例必须合理，并应考虑运输的各种情况。 |
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| 5.With respect to all charges, regulations and formalities in connection with transit, each contracting party shall accord to traffic in transit to or from the territory of any other contracting party treatment no less favourable than the treatment accorded to traffic in transit to or from any third country.* | | ５．在有关过境的费用、条例和手续方面，一缔约国对来自或前往其它缔约国的过境运输所给的待遇，不得低于对来自或前往任何第三国的过境运输所给的待遇* 。 |
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| 6.Each contracting party shall accord to products which have been in transit through the territory of any other contracting party treatment no less favourable than that which would have been accorded to such products had they been transported from their place of origin to their destination without going through the territory of such other contracting party. Any contracting party shall, however, be free to maintain its requirements of direct consignment existing on the date of this Agreement, in respect of any goods in regard to which such direct consignment is a requisite condition of eligibility for entry of the goods at preferential rates of duty or has relation to the contracting party's prescribed method of valuation for duty purposes. | | ６．一缔约国对经由另一缔约国领土过境的产品所给的待遇，不应低于这些产品如未经另一缔约国领土过境，而直接从原产地运到目的地时所应给予的待遇。但是，如果直接运输是某些货物在进口时得以享受优惠税率的必要条件或与缔约国征收关税的某种估价办法有关，则缔约国得保留其在本协定签订之日已实施的有关直接运输的那些规定。 |
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| 7.The provisions of this Article shall not apply to the operation of aircraft in transit, but shall apply to air transit of goods (including baggage). | | ７．本条的规定不适用于航空器的过境，但对空运过境货物（包括行李在内）则应适用。 |
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| Article VI Anti-dumping and Countervailing Duties | | 第六条 反倾销税和反补贴税 |
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| 1.The contracting parties recognize that dumping, by which products of one country are introduced into the commerce of another country at less than the normal value of the products, is to be condemned if it causes or threatens material injury to an established industry in the territory of a contracting party or materially retards the establishment of a domestic industry. For the purposes of this Article, a product is to be considered as being introduced into the commerce of an importing country at less than its normal value, if the price of the product exported from one country to another | | １．各缔约国认为，用倾销的手段将一国产品以低于正常价值的办法挤入另一国贸易内，如因此对某一缔约国领土内已建立的某项工业造成重大损害或产生重大威胁，或者对某一国内工业的新建产生严重阻碍，这种倾销应该受到谴责。本条所称一产品以低于它的正常价值挤入进口国的贸易内，系指从一国向另一国出口的产品的价格。 |
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| (a)is less than the comparable price, in the ordinary course of trade, for the like product when destined for consumption in the exporting country, or, | | （甲）低于相同产品在出口国用于国内消费时在正常情况下的可比价格；或 |
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| (b)in the absence of such domestic price, is less than either | | （乙）如果没有这种国内价格，低于： |
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| (i)the highest comparable price for the like product for export to any third country in the ordinary course of trade, or | | （１）相同产品在正常贸易情况下第三国出口的最高可比价格；或 |
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| (ii)the cost of production of the product in the country of origin plus a reasonable addition for selling cost and profit. | | （２）产品在原产国的生产成本加合理的推销费用和利润。 |
Due allowance shall be made in each case for differences in conditions and terms of sale, for differences in taxation, and for other differences affecting price comparability.* | |
但对每一具体事例的销售条件的差异、赋税的差异以及影响价格可比性的其它差异，必须予以适当考虑* 。 |
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| 2.In order to offset or prevent dumping, a contracting party may levy on any dumped product an anti-dumping duty not greater in amount than the margin of dumping in respect of such product. For the purposes of this Article, the margin of dumping is the price difference determined in accordance with the provisions of paragraph 1.* | | ２．缔约国为了低销或防止倾销，可以对倾销的产品征收数量不超过这一产品的倾销差额的反倾销税。本条所称的倾销差额。系指按本条第一款的规定所确定的价格差额* 。 |
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| 3.No countervailing duty shall be levied on any product of the territory of any contracting party imported into the territory of another contracting party in excess of an amount equal to the estimated bounty or subsidy determined to have been granted, directly or indirectly, on the manufacture, production or export of such product in the country of origin or exportation, including any special subsidy to the transportation of a particular product. The term "countervailing duty" shall be understood to mean a special duty levied for the purpose of offsetting any bounty or subsidy bestowed, directly, or indirectly, upon the manufacture, production or export of any merchandise.* | | ３．一缔约国领土的产品输入到另一缔约国领土时，对这种产品征收的反补贴税，在金额上不得超过这种产品在原产国或输出国制造、生产或输出时，所直接或间接得到的奖金或补贴的估计数额。一种产品于运输时得到的特别补贴，也应包括在这一数额以内。“反补贴税”一词应理解为：为了抵销商品于制造、生产或输出时所直接或间接接受的任何奖金或补贴而征收的一种特别关税*。 |
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| 4.No product of the territory of any contracting party imported into the territory of any other contracting party shall be subject to anti-dumping or countervailing duty by reason of the exemption of such product from duties or taxes borne by the like product when destined for consumption in the country of origin or exportation, or by reason of the refund of such duties or taxes. | | ４．一缔约国领土的产品输入到另一缔约国领土，不得因其免纳相同产品在原产国或输出国用于消费时所须完纳的税捐或因这种税捐已经退税，即对它征收反倾销或反补贴税。 |
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| 5.No product of the territory of any contracting party imported into the territory of any other contracting party shall be subject to both anti-dumping and countervailing duties to compensate for the same situation of dumping or export subsidization. | | ５．一缔约国领土的产品输入到另一缔约国领土，不得因抵销倾销或出口补贴，而同时对它既征收反倾销税又征收反补贴税。 |
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| 6.(a)No contracting party shall levy any anti-dumping or countervailing duty on the importation of any product of the territory of another contracting party unless it determines that the effect of the dumping or subsidization, as the case may be, is such as to cause or threaten material injury to an established domestic industry, or is such as to retard materially the establishment of a domestic industry. | | ６．（甲）一缔约国对另一缔约国领土产品的进口，除了断定倾销或补贴的后果会对国内某项已建的工业造成重大损害或产生重大威胁，或者严重阻碍国内某一工业的新建以外，不得征收反倾销税或反补贴税。 |
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| (b)The CONTRACTING PARTIES may waive the requirement of subparagraph (a) of this paragraph so as to permit a contracting party to levy an anti-dumping or countervailing duty on the importation of any product for the purpose of offsetting dumping or subsidization which causes or threatens material injury to an industry in the territory of another contracting party exporting the product concerned to the territory of the importing contracting party. The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall waive the requirements of subparagraph (a) of this paragraph, so as to permit the levying of a countervailing duty, in cases in which they find that a subsidy is causing or threatening material injury to an industry in the territory of another contracting party exporting the product concerned to the territory of the importing contracting party.* | | （乙）为了低销倾销或补贴对另一个向进口缔约国领土输出某一产品的缔约国的领土内某一工业造成的重大损害或产生的重大威胁，缔约国全体可以解除本款（甲）项规定的要求，允许这一进口缔约国对有关产品的进口征收反倾销税或反补贴税。如果缔约国全体发现某种补贴对另一个向进口缔约国领土输出有关产品的缔约国的领土内某一工业正在造成重大损害或产生重大威胁，它们应解除本款（甲）项规定的要求，允许征收反倾销税*。 |
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| (c)In exceptional circumstances, however, where delay might cause damage which would be difficult to repair, a contracting party may levy a countervailing duty for the purpose referred to in subparagraph (b) of this paragraph without the prior approval of the CONTRACTING PARTIES; Provided that such action shall be reported immediately to the CONTRACTING PARTIES and that the countervailing duty shall be withdrawn promptly if the CONTRACTING PARTIES disapprove. | | （丙）然而，在某些例外情况下，如果延迟将会造成难以补救的损害，一缔约国虽未经缔约国全体事前批准，也可以对本款（７）项所述的目的而征收反贴补税，但这项行动应立即向缔约国全体报告，如未获批准，这种反贴补税应即予撤销。 |
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| 7.A system for the stabilization of the domestic price or of the return to domestic producers of a primary commodity, independently of the movements of export prices, which results at times in the sale of the commodity for export at a price lower than the comparable price charged for the like commodity to buyers in the domestic market, shall be presumed not to result in material injury within the meaning of paragraph 6 if it is determined by consultation among the contracting parties substantially interested in the commodity concerned that: | | ７．凡与出口价格的变动无关，为稳定国内价格或为稳定某一初级产品生产者的收入而建立的制度，即令它有时会使出口商品的售价低于相同产品在国内市场销售时的可比价格，也不应认为造成了本条第六款所称的重大损害，如果与有关商品有实质利害关系的缔约各国协商后确认： |
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| (a)the system has also resulted in the sale of the commodity for export at a price higher than the comparable price charged for the like commodity to buyers in the domestic market, and | | （甲）这一制度也曾使商品的出口售价高于相同产品在国内市场销售时的可比价格，而且 |
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| (b)the system is so operated, either because of the effective regulation of production, or otherwise, as not to stimulate exports unduly or otherwise seriously prejudice the interests of other contracting parties. | | （乙）这一制度的实施，由于对生产的有效管制或其它原因，不致于不适当地刺激出口，或在其它方面严重损害其它缔约国的利益。 |
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| Article VII Valuation for Customs Purposes | | 第七条 海关估价 |
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| 1.The contracting parties recognize the validity of the general principles of valuation set forth in the following paragraphs of this Article, and they undertake to give effect to such principles, in respect of all products subject to duties or other charges* or restrictions on importation and exportation based upon or regulated in any manner by value. Moreover, they shall, upon a request by another contracting party review the operation of any of their laws or regulations relating to value for customs purposes in the light of these principles. The CONTRACTING PARTIES may request from contracting parties reports on steps taken by them in pursuance of the provisions of this Article. | | １．缔约各国承认本条下列各款规定的估价一般原则有效；缔约各国还承担义务，保证对所有以价值作为输出入征收关税和其它费用* 或实施限制的依据的产品，实施这些原则，另外，经另一缔约国提出要求，缔约各国应根据这些原则检查各自国家有关海关估价的法令或条例的执行情况，缔约国全体可以要求缔约各国就执行本条规定所采取的步骤提供报告。 |
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| 2.(a)The value for customs purposes of imported merchandise should be based on the actual value of the imported merchandise on which duty is assessed, or of like merchandise, and should not be based on the value of merchandise of national origin or on arbitrary or fictitious values.* | | ２．（甲）海关对进口商品的估价，应以进口商品或相同商品的实际价格，而不得以国产品的价格或者以武断的或虚构的价格。作为计征关税的依据* 。 |
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| (b)"Actual value" should be the price at which, at a time and place determined by the legislation of the country of importation, such or like merchandise is sold or offered for sale in the ordinary course of trade under fully competitive conditions. To the extent to which the price of such or like merchandise is governed by the quantity in a particular transaction, the price to be considered should uniformly be related to either (i) comparable quantities, or (ii) quantities not less favourable to importers than those in which the greater volume of the merchandise is sold in the trade between the countries of exportation and importation.* | | （乙）“实际价格”系指，在进口国立法确定的某一时间和地点，在正常贸易过程中，在充分竞争的条件下，某一商品或相同商品出售或兜售的价格。由于这一商品或相同商品的价格在具体交易中系随数量而转移，为统一计，本条所称的价格系指下述数量之一的价格：（１）可比数量，或（２）与输出国和输入国贸易之间出售较大商品数量相比，不致使进口商不利的那利数量* 。 |
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| (c)When the actual value is not ascertainable in accordance with subparagraph (b) of this paragraph, the value for customs purposes should be based on the nearest ascertainable equivalent of such value.* | | （丙）按照本款（乙）项的规定不能确定实际价格时，海关的估价应以可确定的最接近于实际价格的相当价格为根据* 。 |
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| 3.The value for customs purposes of any imported product should not include the amount of any internal tax, applicable within the country of origin or export, from which the imported product has been exempted or has been or will be relieved by means of refund. | | ３．海关对进口产品的估价，不应包括原产国或输出国所实施的但对进口产品已予免征，或已经退税，或将要予以退税的任何国内税。 |
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| 4.(a)Except as otherwise provided for in this paragraph, where it is necessary for the purposes of paragraph 2 of this Article for a contracting party to convert into its own currency a price expressed in the currency of another country, the conversion rate of exchange to be used shall be based, for each currency involved, on the par value as established pursuant to the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund or on the rate of exchange recognized by the Fund, or on the par value established in accordance with a special exchange agreement entered into pursuant to Article XV of this Agreement. | | ４．（甲）除本款另有规定者外，当一缔约国为了本条第２款的目的，须将另一国货币表示的价格折成本国货币时，它对每一有关货币所使用的外汇折合率，应以符合国际货币基金协定条款规定的平价或以基金认可的汇率为根据，或以符合本协定第十五条签订的特别外汇协定规定的平价为根据。 |
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| (b)Where no such established par value and no such recognized rate of exchange exist, the conversion rate shall reflect effectively the current value of such currency in commercial transactions. | | （乙）如果没有规定的平价或认可的汇率，则折合率应有效地反映这种货币在商业交易中的现行价值。 |
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| (c)The CONTRACTING PARTIES, in agreement with the International Monetary Fund, shall formulate rules governing the conversion by contracting parties of any foreign currency in respect of which multiple rates of exchange are maintained consistently with the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund. Any contracting party may apply such rules in respect of such foreign currencies for the purposes of paragraph 2 of this Article as an alternative to the use of par values. Until such rules are adopted by the Contracting Parties, any contracting party may employ, in respect of any such foreign currency, rules of conversion for the purposes of paragraph 2 of this Article which are designed to reflect effectively the value of such foreign currency in commercial transactions. | | （丙）对按国际货币基金协定条款的规定可以保留多种折合率的外币，缔约国全体在取得国际货币基金的同意后，应制订管理缔约各国折合这种外币的规则。缔约国为了本条第２款的目的，可以对这种外币实施这种规则，以代替平价的使用。在缔约国全体未通过这些规则以前，缔约国为了本条第２款的目的，可以对这种货币采用旨在有效反映这种货币在商业交易上的价值而制订的折合规则。 |
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| (d)Nothing in this paragraph shall be construed to require any contracting party to alter the method of converting currencies for customs purposes which is applicable in its territory on the date of this Agreement, if such alteration would have the effect of increasing generally the amounts of duty payable. | | （丁）本款的规定不得解释为要求缔约国改变在本协定签订之日已在其领土内实施的为海关目的所使用的货币折合办法，如果这种改变会普遍增加应纳关税的效果。 |
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| 5.The bases and methods for determining the value of products subject to duties or other charges or restrictions based upon or regulated in any manner by value should be stable and should be given sufficient publicity to enable traders to estimate, with a reasonable degree of certainty, the value for customs purposes. | | ５．如果产品系以价值作为征收关税和其它费用或实施限制的依据，则确定产品价值的根据和方法必须稳定，并应广为公告，以便贸易商能够相当准确地估计海关的估价。 |
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| Article VIII Fees and Formalities connected with Importation and Exportation* | | 第八条 规费和输出入手续* |
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| 1.(a)All fees and charges of whatever character (other than import and export duties and other than taxes within the purview of Article III) imposed by contracting parties on or in connection with importation or exportation shall be limited in amount to the approximate cost of services rendered and shall not represent an indirect protection to domestic products or a taxation of imports or exports for fiscal purposes. | | １．（甲）缔约国对输出入及有关输出入所征的除进出口关税和本协定第三条所述内地税以外的任何种类的规费和费用，不应成为对国产品的一种间接保护，也不应成为为了财政目的而征收的一种进口税或出口税。 |
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| (b)The contracting parties recognize the need for reducing the number and diversity of fees and charges referred to in subparagraph (a). | | （乙）各缔约国认为，本款（甲）项所称规费和费用的数量和种类有必要予以减少。 |
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| (c)The contracting parties also recognize the need for minimizing the incidence and complexity of import and export formalities and for decreasing and simplifying import and export documentation requirements.* | | （丙）各缔约国认为，输出入手续的负担和繁琐，应降低到最低限度；规定的输出入单证应当减少和简化* 。 |
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| 2.A contracting party shall, upon request by another contracting party or by the CONTRACTING PARTIES, review the operation of its laws and regulations in the light of the provisions of this Article. | | ２．经另一缔约国或经缔约国全体提出请求，一缔约国应根据本条的规定检查它的法令和规章的执行情况。 |
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| 3.No contracting party shall impose substantial penalties for minor breaches of customs regulations or procedural requirements. In particular, no penalty in respect of any omission or mistake in customs documentation which is easily rectifiable and obviously made without fraudulent intent or gross negligence shall be greater than necessary to serve merely as a warning. | | ３．缔约国对违反海关规章和手续的轻微事项，不得严加处罚。特别是对海关单证上的某种易于改正和显无欺骗意图或重大过失的漏填、误填，更不应课以超过警告程度的处罚。 |
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| 4.The provisions of this Article shall extend to fees, charges, formalities and requirements imposed by governmental authorities in connection with importation and exportation, including those relating to: | | ４．本条的规定应适用于政府当局在有关输出入方面所实施的规费、费用、手续及规定，包括有关输出入的下述事项： |
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| (a)consular transactions, such as consular invoices and certificates; | | （甲）领事事项，如领事签证发票及证明； |
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| (b)quantitative restrictions; | | （乙）数量限制； |
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| (c)licensing; | | （丙）许可证； |
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| (d)exchange control; | | （丁）外汇管制； |
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| (e)statistical services; | | （戊）统计事项； |
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| (f)documents, documentation and certification; | | （己）文件、单据和证明； |
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| (g)analysis and inspection; and | | （庚）分析和检查；以及 |
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| (h)quarantine, sanitation and fumigation. | | （辛）检疫、卫生及熏蒸消毒。 |
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| Article IX Marks of Origin | | 第九条 原产国标记 |
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| 1.Each contracting party shall accord to the products of the territories of other contracting parties treatment with regard to marking requirements no less favourable than the treatment accorded to like products of any third country. | | １．一缔约国在有关标记规定方面对其它缔约国领土产品所给的待遇，应不低于对第三国相同产品所给的待遇。 |
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| 2.The contracting parties recognize that, in adopting and enforcing laws and regulations relating to marks of origin, the difficulties and inconveniences which such measures may cause to the commerce and industry of exporting countries should be reduced to a minimum, due regard being had to the necessity of protecting consumers against fraudulent or misleading indications. | | ２．缔约各国认为，在采用和贯彻实施原产国标记的法令和条例时，对这种措施对出口国的贸易和工业可能造成的困难及不便应减少到最低程度；但应适当注意防止欺骗性的或易引起误解的标记，以保护消费者的利益。 |
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| 3.Whenever it is administratively practicable to do so, contracting parties should permit required marks of origin to be affixed at the time of importation. | | ３．只要行政上许可，缔约各国应允许所要求的原产国标记在进口时贴在商品上。 |
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| 4.The laws and regulations of contracting parties relating to the marking of imported products shall be such as to permit compliance without seriously damaging the products, or materially reducing their value, or unreasonably increasing their cost. | | ４．缔约各国的有关进口产品标记的法令和条例，应不致在遵照办理时会使产品受到严重损害，或大大降低它的价值，或不合理地增加它的成本。 |
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| 5.As a general rule, no special duty or penalty should be imposed by any contracting party for failure to comply with marking requirements prior to importation unless corrective marking is unreasonably delayed or deceptive marks have been affixed or the required marking has been intentionally omitted. | | ５．缔约国对于输入前未依照规定办理标记的行为，除不合理地拖延不更正，或贴欺骗性的标记，或有意不贴要求的标记以外，原则上不得征收特别税或课以特别处罚。 |
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| 6.The contracting parties shall co-operate with each other with a view to preventing the use of trade names in such manner as to misrepresent the true origin of a product, to the detriment of such distinctive regional or geographical names of products of the territory of a contracting party as are protected by its legislation. Each contracting party shall accord full and sympathetic consideration to such requests or representations as may be made by any other contracting party regarding the application of the undertaking set forth in the preceding sentence to names of products which have been communicated to it by the other contracting party. | | ６．缔约各国应通力合作，制止滥用商业名称假冒产品的原产地，以致使某一缔约国领土产品的受到当地立法保护的特殊区域名称或地理名称受到损害。每一缔约国对其它缔约国提出的有关对产品名称适用上述义务的要求或陈述，应予以充分的同情考虑。 |
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| Article X Publication and Administration of Trade Regulations | | 第十条 贸易条例的公布和实施 |
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| 1.Laws, regulations, judicial decisions and administrative rulings of general application, made effective by any contracting party, pertaining to the classification or the valuation of products for customs purposes, or to rates of duty, taxes or other charges, or to requirements, restrictions or prohibitions on imports or exports or on the transfer of payments therefor, or affecting their sale, distribution, transportation, insurance, warehousing inspection, exhibition, processing, mixing or other use, shall be published promptly in such a manner as to enable governments and traders to become acquainted with them. Agreements affecting international trade policy which are in force between the government or a governmental agency of any contracting party and the government or governmental agency of any other contracting party shall also be published. The provisions of this paragraph shall not require any contracting party to disclose confidential information which would impede law enforcement or otherwise be contrary to the public interest or would prejudice the legitimate commercial interests of particular enterprises, public or private. | | １．缔约国有效实施的关于海关对产品的分类或估价，关于税捐和其它费用的征收率，关于对进出口货物及其支付转帐的规定、限制和禁止，以及关于影响进出口货物的销售、分配、运输、保险、存仓、检验、展览、加工、混合或使用的法令、条例与足资一般援用的司法判决及行政决定，都应迅速公布，以使各国政府及贸易商对它们熟悉。一缔约国政府或政府机构与另一缔约国政府或政府机构之间缔结的影响国际贸易政策的现行协定，也必须公布。但本款的规定并不要求缔约国公开那些会妨碍法令的贯彻执行、会违反公共利益、或会损害某一公私企业的正当商业利益的机密资料。 |
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| 2.No measure of general application taken by any contracting party effecting an advance in a rate of duty or other charge on imports under an established and uniform practice, or imposing a new or more burdensome requirement, restriction or prohibition on imports, or on the transfer of payments therefor, shall be enforced before such measure has been officially published. | | ２．缔约国采取的按既定统一办法提高进口货物关税或其它费用的征收率、或者对进口货物及其支付转让实施新的或更严的规定、限制或禁止的普遍适用的措施，非经正式公布，不得实施。 |
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| 3.(a)Each contracting party shall administer in a uniform, impartial and reasonable manner all its laws, regulations, decisions and rulings of the kind described in paragraph 1 of this Article. | | ３．（甲）缔约各国应以统一、公正和合理的方式实施本条第一款所述的法令、条例、判决和决定。 |
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| (b)Each contracting party shall maintain, or institute as soon as practicable, judicial, arbitral or administrative tribunals or procedures for the purpose, inter alia, of the prompt review and correction of administrative action relating to customs matters. Such tribunals or procedures shall be independent of the agencies entrusted with administrative enforcement and their decisions shall be implemented by, and shall govern the practice of, such agencies unless an appeal is lodged with a court or tribunal of superior jurisdiction within the time prescribed for appeals to be lodged by importers; Provided that the central administration of such agency may take steps to obtain a review of the matter in another proceeding if there is good cause to believe that the decision is inconsistent with established principles of law or the actual facts. | | （乙）为了能够特别对于有关海关事项的行政行为迅速进行检查和纠正，缔约各国应维持或尽快建立司法的、仲裁的或行政的法庭或程序。这种法庭或程序应独立于负责行政实施的机构之外，而它们的决定，除进口商于规定上诉期间向上级法院或法庭提出申诉以外，应由这些机构予以执行，并作为今后实施的准则；但是，如这些机构的中央主管机关有充分理由认为它们的决定与法律的既定原则有抵触或与事实不符，它可以采取步骤使这个问题经由另一程序加以检查。 |
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| (c)The provisions of subparagraph (b) of this paragraph shall not require the elimination or substitution of procedures in force in the territory of a contracting party on the date of this Agreement which in fact provide for an objective and impartial review of administrative action even though such procedures are not fully or formally independent of the agencies entrusted with administrative enforcement. Any contracting party employing such procedures shall, upon request, furnish the CONTRACTING PARTIES with full information thereon in order that they may determine whether such procedures conform to the requirements of this subparagraph. | | （丙）如于本协定签订之日在缔约国领土内实施的事实上能够对行政行为提供客观公正的检查，即使这种程序不是全部或正式地独立于负责行政实施的机构以外，本款（乙）项的规定，并不要求取消它或替换它，实施这种程序的缔约国如被请求，应向缔约国全体提供有关这种程序的详尽资料，以便缔约国全体决定这种程序是否符合本项规定的要求。 |
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| Article XI General Elimination of Quantitative Restrictions | | 第十一条* 数量限制的一般取消 |
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| 1.No prohibitions or restrictions other than duties, taxes or other charges, whether made effective through quotas, import or export licences or other measures, shall be instituted or maintained by any contracting party on the importation of any product of the territory of any other contracting party or on the exportation or sale for export of any product destined for the territory of any other contracting party. | | １．任何缔约国除征收税捐或其它费用以外，不得设立或维持配额、进出口许可证或其它措施以限制或禁止其它缔约国领土的产品的输入，或向其它缔约国领土输出或销售出口产品。 |
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| 2.The provisions of paragraph 1 of this Article shall not extend to the following: | | ２．本条第１款的规定不适用于： |
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| (a)Export prohibitions or restrictions temporarily applied to prevent or relieve critical shortages of foodstuffs or other products essential to the exporting contracting party; | | （甲）为防止或缓和输出缔约国的粮食或其它必需品的严重缺乏而临时实施的禁止出口或限制出口； |
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| (b)Import and export prohibitions or restrictions necessary to the application of standards or regulations for the classification, grading or marketing of commodities in international trade; | | （乙）为实施国际贸易上商品分类、分级和销售的标准及条例，而必需实施的禁止进出口或限制进出口； |
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| (c)Import restrictions on any agricultural or fisheries product, imported in any form,* necessary to the enforcement of governmental measures which operate: | | （丙）对任何形式* 的农渔产品有必要实施的进口限制，如果这种限制是为了贯彻： |
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| (i)to restrict the quantities of the like domestic product permitted to be marketed or produced, or, if there is no substantial domestic production of the like product, of a domestic product for which the imported product can be directly substituted; or | | （１）限制相同国产品允许生产或销售的数量，或者，相同国产品若是产量不大，限制能直接代替进口产品的国产品的允许生产或销售数量的政府措施；或 |
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| (ii)to remove a temporary surplus of the like domestic product, or, if there is no substantial domestic production of the like product, of a domestic product for which the imported product can be directly substituted, by making the surplus available to certain groups of domestic consumers free of charge or at prices below the current market level; or | | （２）通过采用免费或低于现行市场价格的办法，将剩余品供国内某些阶层消费以消除相同国产品的暂时过剩，或者，相同国产品若是产量不大，以消除能直接代替进口产品的国产品的暂时过剩的政府措施；或 |
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| (iii)to restrict the quantities permitted to be produced of any animal product the production of which is directly dependent, wholly or mainly, on the imported commodity, if the domestic production of that commodity is relatively negligible. | | （３）限制生产系全部或主要地直接依赖于进口而国内产量相对有限的动物产品允许生产的数量的政府措施。 |
Any contracting party applying restrictions on the importation of any product pursuant to subparagraph (c) of this paragraph shall give public notice of the total quantity or value of the product permitted to be imported during a specified future period and of any change in such quantity or value. Moreover, any restrictions applied under (i) above shall not be such as will reduce the total of imports relative to the total of domestic production, as compared with the proportion which might reasonably be expected to rule between the two in the absence of restrictions. In determining this proportion, the contracting party shall pay due regard to the proportion prevailing during a previous representative period and to any special factors* which may have affected or may be affecting the trade in the product concerned. | |
缔约国按照本款（丙）项对某项产品实施进口限制时，应公布今后指定时期内准予进口的产品的全部数量或价值以及可能的变动。同时，根据上述（１）项而实施的限制，不应使产品的进口总量与其国内生产总量间的比例，低于若不执行限制可以合理预期达到的比例。缔约国在确定这个比例时，对前一有代表性的时期的比例以及可能曾经影响或正在影响这个产品贸易的任何特殊因素*，均应给予适当的考虑。 |
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| Article XII Restrictions to Safeguard the Balance of Payments | | 第十二条* 为保障国际收支而实施的限制 |
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| 1.Notwithstanding the provisions of paragraph 1 of Article XI, any contracting party, in order to safeguard its external financial position and its balance of payments, may restrict the quantity or value of merchandise permitted to be imported, subject to the provisions of the following paragraphs of this Article. | | １．虽有本协定第十一条第１款的规定，任何缔约国为了保障其对外金融地位和国际收支，可以限制商品准许进口的数量或价值，但须遵守本条下述各款的规定。 |
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| 2.(a)Import restrictions instituted, maintained or intensified by a contracting party under this Article shall not exceed those necessary: | | ２．（甲）一缔约国根据本条规定而建立、维持或加强的进口限制，不得超过： |
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| (i)to forestall the imminent threat of, or to stop, a serious decline in its monetary reserves; or | | （１）为了预防货币储备严重下降的迫切威胁或制止货币储备严重下降所必需的程度；或 |
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| (ii)in the case of a contracting party with very low monetary reserves, to achieve a reasonable rate of increase in its reserves. | | （２）对货币储备很低的缔约国，为了使储备合理增长所必需的程度。 |
Due regard shall be paid in either case to any special factors which may be affecting the reserves of such contracting party or its need for reserves, including, where special external credits or other resources are available to it, the need to provide for the appropriate use of such credits or resources. | |
在以上两种情况下，对可能正在影响这一缔约国储备或其对储备的需要的任何特殊因素，包括在能够得到特别国外信贷或其他资源的情况下，安排适当使用这种信贷或资源的需要，都应加以适当考虑。 |
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| (b)Contracting parties applying restrictions under sub-paragraph (a) of this paragraph shall progressively relax them as such conditions improve, maintaining them only to the extent that the conditions specified in that sub-paragraph still justify their application. They shall eliminate the restrictions when conditions would no longer justify their institution or maintenance under that subparagraph. | | （乙）缔约各国根据本款（甲）项实施的限制，在情况改善时应逐步予以放宽，只维持根据（甲）项所列情况认为仍有必要实施的为限。如情况改变，已无必要建立或维持根据（甲）项实施的限制，就应立即予以取消。 |
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| 3.(a)Contracting parties undertake, in carrying out their domestic policies, to pay due regard to the need for maintaining or restoring equilibrium in their balance of payments on a sound and lasting basis and to the desirability of avoiding an uneconomic employment of productive resources. They recognize that, in order to achieve these ends, it is desirable so far as possible to adopt measures which expand rather than contract international trade. | | ３．（甲）缔约各国在执行国内政策时承担义务：对维持或恢复各自的国际收支平衡于健全持久的基础上的必要和避免生产资源的非经济使用的好处，予以适当注意，缔约各国认为，要实现上述目标，最好尽可能采取措施扩大而不是缩小国际贸易。 |
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| (b)Contracting parties applying restrictions under this Article may determine the incidence of the restrictions on imports of different products or classes of products in such a way as to give priority to the importation of those products which are more essential. | | （乙）按本条规定实施限制的缔约各国，可以对不同进口产品或进口产品的不同类别确定不同程度的限制，使比较必需的产品能够优先进口。 |
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| (c)Contracting parties applying restrictions under this Article undertake: | | （丙）按本条实施限制的缔约各国，承担下列义务： |
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| (i)to avoid unnecessary damage to the commercial or economic interests of any other contracting party;* | | （１）对任何其它缔约国的贸易或经济利益，避免造成不必要的损害* ； |
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| (ii)not to apply restrictions so as to prevent unreasonably the importation of any description of goods in minimum commercial quantities the exclusion of which would impair regular channels of trade; and | | （２）实施的限制不无理地阻碍任何完全禁止其输入即会损害正常贸易渠道的那种最低贸易数量的输入； |
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| (iii)not to apply restrictions which would prevent the importations of commercial samples or prevent compliance with patent, trade mark, copyright, or similar procedures. | | （３）实施的限制不阻碍商业货样的输入或阻碍专利权、商标、版权或类似程序的遵守。 |
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| (d)The contracting parties recognize that, as a result of domestic policies directed towards the achievement and maintenance of full and productive employment or towards the development of economic resources, a contracting party may experience a high level of demand for imports involving a threat to its monetary reserves of the sort referred to in paragraph 2 (a) of this Article. Accordingly, a contracting party otherwise complying with the provisions of this Article shall not be required to withdraw or modify restrictions on the ground that a change in those policies would render unnecessary restrictions which it is applying under this Article. | | （丁）缔约各国认为，由于实施某种旨在达成和维持有生产效率的充分就业和旨在发展经济资源的国内政策，一缔约国可能出现高度的进口需求，造成本条第２款（甲）项所述的那种对货币储备的威胁。因此，对一个在其它方面都执行本条规定的缔约国，不得以它的政策的改变使实施限制成为不必要的理由，而要求它撤销或修改它根据本条实施的限制。 |
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| 4.(a)Any contracting party applying new restrictions or raising the general level of its existing restrictions by a substantial intensification of the measures applied under this Article shall immediately after instituting or intensifying such restrictions (or, in circumstances in which prior consultation is practicable, before doing so) consult with the CONTRACTING PARTIES as to the nature of its balance of payments difficulties, alternative corrective measures which may be available, and the possible effect of the restrictions on the economies of other contracting parties. | | ４．（甲）建立新的限制或大幅度加强按本条实施的措施因而提高现行限制一般水平的任何缔约国，应在建立或加强限制后（如能事前协商，则应于建立或加强前），立即与缔约国全体就自己国际收支困难的性质，可能采取的其它补救办法以及这些限制对其它缔约国的经济可能造成的影响进行协商。 |
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| (b)On a date to be determined by them,* the CONTRACTING PARTIES shall review all restrictions still applied under this Article on that date. Beginning one year after that date, contracting parties applying import restrictions under this Article shall enter into consultations of the type provided for in subparagraph (a) of this paragraph with the CONTRACTING PARTIES annually. | | （乙）缔约国全体应在其确定的某一日期* ，检查在哪一日期按本条规定仍在实施的一切限制。从那一日期后一年开始，凡根据本条规定实施进口限制的缔约各国，应每年同缔约国全体进行本款（甲）项所规定的那种协商。 |
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| (c)(i)If, in the course of consultations with a contracting party under subparagraph (a) or (b) above, the CONTRACTING PARTIES find that the restrictions are not consistent with provisions of this Article or with those of Article XIII (subject to the provisions of Article XIV), they shall indicate the nature of the inconsistency and may advise that the restrictions be suitably modified. | | （丙）（１）缔约国全体在根据上述（甲）项或（乙）项规定同一缔约国进行协商的过程中，如判定实施的限制与本条或本协定第十三条（受本协定第十四条的限制）的规定不符，它们应指出不符的性质，并可建议对限制作适当的修改。 |
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| (ii)If, however, as a result of the consultations, the CONTRACTING PARTIES determine that the restrictions are being applied in a manner involving an inconsistency of a serious nature with the provisions of this Article or with those of Article XIII (subject to the provisions of Article XIV) and that damage to the trade of any contracting party is caused or threatened thereby, they shall so inform the contracting party applying the restrictions and shall make appropriate recommendations for securing conformity with such provisions within the specified period of time. If such contracting party does not comply with these recommendations within the specified period, the CONTRACTING PARTIES may release any contracting party the trade of which is adversely affected by the restrictions from such obligations under this Agreement towards the contracting party applying the restrictions as they determine to be appropriate in the circumstances. | | （２）但是，如缔约国全体经协商后认为，正在实施的限制严重地与本条或与本条规定第十三条（受本协定第十四条的限制）的规定不符，认为它对另一缔约国的贸易造成损害或构成威胁，它们应将这一情况通知实施限制的缔约国，并应提出旨在使规定在一定限制内得到遵守的适当建议。如实施限制的缔约国在规定限制内不执行这些建议，缔约国全体认为必要时，可以解除贸易受到不利影响的那个缔约国根据本协定对实施限制的缔约国所承担的义务。 |
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| (d)The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall invite any contracting party which is applying restrictions under this Article to enter into consultations with them at the request of any contracting party which can establish a prima facie case that the restrictions are inconsistent with the provisions of this Article or with those of Article XIII (subject to the provisions of Article XIV) and that its trade is adversely affected thereby. However, no such invitation shall be issued unless the CONTRACTING PARTIES have ascertained that direct discussions between the contracting parties concerned have not been successful. If, as a result of the consultations with the CONTRACTING PARTIES, no agreement is reached and they determine that the restrictions are being applied inconsistently with such provisions, and that damage to the trade of the contracting party initiating the procedure is caused or threatened thereby, they shall recommend the withdrawal or modification of the restrictions. If the restrictions are not withdrawn or modified within such time as the CONTRACTING PARTIES may prescribe, they may release the contracting party initiating the procedure from such obligations under this Agreement towards the contracting party applying the restrictions as they determine to be appropriate in the circumstances. | | （丁）如一缔约国有理由认为另一缔约国按本条实施的限制与本条或本规定第十三条（受本协定第十四条的限制）的规定不符，并认为因此它的贸易受到不利的影响，经这一缔约国提出要求，缔约国全体应邀请实施限制的缔约国与其进行协商。缔约国全体应先查明，在这两个缔约国之间进行了直接讨论，未达成协议，才能发出这样的邀请。经与缔约国全体协商如果仍不能达成协议而缔约国全体又认为正在实施与上述规定不符的限制，因而对提出这一程序的那个缔约国的贸易造成损害或构成威胁，则缔约国全体应建议撤销或修改这项限制。如在缔约国全体规定的限制内，并未撤销或修改这项限制，缔约国全体如果认为必要，可以解除提出这一程序的那个缔约国根据本协定所承担的义务。 |
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| (e)In proceeding under this paragraph, the CONTRACTING PARTIES shall have due regard to any special external factors adversely affecting the export trade of the contracting party applying the restrictions.* | | （戊）按本款规定办理时，缔约国全体应适当注意影响实施限制的缔约国的出口贸易的任何不利的外部特别因素* 。 |
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| (f)Determinations under this paragraph shall be rendered expeditiously and, if possible, within sixty days of the initiation of the consultations. | | （己）本款的决定，应尽快实施，如果可能，应在开始协商后６０天内实施。 |
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| 5.If there is a persistent and widespread application of import restrictions under this Article, indicating the existence of a general disequilibrium which is restricting international trade, the CONTRACTING PARTIES shall initiate discussions to consider whether other measures might be taken, either by those contracting parties the balance of payments of which are under pressure or by those the balance of payments of which are tending to be exceptionally favourable, or by any appropriate intergovernmental organization, to remove the underlying causes of the disequilibrium. On the invitation of the CONTRACTING PARTIES, contracting parties shall participate in such discussions. | | ５．如果须持久而广泛地维持按本条实施的进口限制，表现存在普遍的不平衡限制着国际贸易的发展，则缔约国全体应召开会议来讨论是否可由国际收支遭受压力的缔约国，或由国际收支趋向非常有利的缔约国，或由适当的国际机构，采取其它办法以清除造成不平衡的内在因素。如缔约国全体发出这种邀请，缔约各国应参加这种讨论。 |
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| Article XIII Non-discriminatory Administration of Quantitative Restrictions | | 第十三条* 非歧视地实施数量限制 |
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| 1.No prohibition or restriction shall be applied by any contracting party on the importation of any product of the territory of any other contracting party or on the exportation of any product destined for the territory of any other contracting party, unless the importation of the like product of all third countries or the exportation of the like product to all third countries is similarly prohibited or restricted. | | １．除非对所有第三国的相同产品的输入或对相同产品向所有第三国的输出同样予以禁止或限制以外，任何缔约国不得限制或禁止另一缔约国领土的产品的输入，也不得禁止或限制产品向另一缔约国领土输出。 |
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| 2.In applying import restrictions to any product, contracting parties shall aim at a distribution of trade in such product approaching as closely as possible the shares which the various contracting parties might be expected to obtain in the absence of such restrictions and to this end shall observe the following provisions: | | ２．缔约各国对任何产品实施进口限制时，应旨在使这种产品的贸易的分配尽可能与如果没有这种限制时其它缔约各国预期可能得到的份额相接近；为此目的，缔约各国应遵守下列规定： |
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| (a)Wherever practicable, quotas representing the total amount of permitted imports (whether allocated among supplying countries or not) shall be fixed, and notice given of their amount in accordance with paragraph 3 (b) of this Article; | | （甲）在可能时，应固定准许进口的配额（不论是否在供应国之间进行分配），并应按本条第３款（乙）项的规定，公告其数额； |
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| (b)In cases in which quotas are not practicable, the restrictions may be applied by means of import licences or permits without a quota; | | （乙）如不能采用配额办法，可采用无配额的进口许可证或进口凭证方式实施限制； |
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| (c)Contracting parties shall not, except for purposes of operating quotas allocated in accordance with subparagraph (d) of this paragraph, require that import licences or permits be utilized for the importation of the product concerned from a particular country or source; | | （丙）除为了按本款（丁）项分配配额以外，缔约各国不得只规定从某一特定国家或来源输入有关产品须用进口许可证或进口凭证； |
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| (d)In cases in which a quota is allocated among supplying countries the contracting party applying the restrictions may seek agreement with respect to the allocation of shares in the quota with all other contracting parties having a substantial interest in supplying the product concerned. In cases in which this method is not reasonably practicable, the contracting party concerned shall allot to contracting parties having a substantial interest in supplying the product shares based upon the proportions, supplied by such contracting parties during a previous representative period, of the total quantity or value of imports of the product, due account being taken of any special factors which may have affected or may be affecting the trade in the product. No conditions or formalities shall be imposed which would prevent any contracting party from utilizing fully the share of any such total quantity or value which has been allotted to it, subject to importation being made within any prescribed period to which the quota may relate.* | | （丁）如果配额系在各供应国之间进行分配，实施限制的缔约国可谋求与供应有关产品有实质利害关系的所有缔约国就配额的分配达成协议。如果不能采用这种办法，在考虑了可能已经影响或正在影响有关产品的贸易的特殊因素的情况下，有关缔约国应根据前一代表时期供应产品的缔约国在这一产品进口总量或总值中所占的比例，将份额分配给与供应产品有实质利害关系的国家。除这一份额应予配额所定的限制内进口以外，有关缔约国不得设立任何条件或手续来阻碍任何其它缔约国充分利用其从这一总额或总值中所分得的份额*。 |
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| 3.(a)In cases in which import licences are issued in connection with import restrictions, the contracting party applying the restrictions shall provide, upon the request of any contracting party having an interest in the trade in the product concerned, all relevant information concerning the administration of the restrictions, the import licences granted over a recent period and the distribution of such licences among supplying countries; Provided that there shall be no obligation to supply information as to the names of importing or supplying enterprises. | | ３．（甲）在为实施进口限制签发进口许可证的情况下，如与某产品的贸易有利害关系的任何缔约国提出要求，实施限制的缔约国应提供关于限制的管理，最近期间签发的进口许可证及其在各供应国之间的分配情况的一切有关资料，但对进口商或供应商的名称，应不承担提供资料的义务。 |
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| (b)In the case of import restrictions involving the fixing of quotas, the contracting party applying the restrictions shall give public notice of the total quantity or value of the product or products which will be permitted to be imported during a specified future period and of any change in such quantity or value. Any supplies of the product in question which were en route at the time at which public notice was given shall not be excluded from entry; Provided that they may be counted so far as practicable, against the quantity permitted to be imported in the period in question, and also, where necessary, against the quantities permitted to be imported in the next following period or periods; and Provided further that if any contracting party customarily exempts from such restrictions products entered for consumption or withdrawn from warehouse for consumption during a period of thirty days after the day of such public notice, such practice shall be considered full compliance with this subparagraph. | | （乙）在进口限制采用固定配额的情况下，实施限制的缔约国应公布今后某一特定时期内将要准许进口的产品总量或总值及其可能的变动。在公布时，有关产品的供应如果已在运输途中的，应不得拒绝其进口；但是，可将它尽可能计算在本期的准许进口的数量以内，必要时也可以计算在下一期或下几期的准许进口数量以内。另外，任何缔约国对在公告后３０日内为消费而进口的或为消费而从货栈里提出的有关产品，如果按照惯例系免除这种限制，这种惯例应视为完全符合本款的规定。 |
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| (c)In the case of quotas allocated among supplying countries, the contracting party applying the restrictions shall promptly inform all other contracting parties having an interest in supplying the product concerned of the shares in the quota currently allocated, by quantity or value, to the various supplying countries and shall give public notice thereof. | | （丙）当配额系在各供应国间进行分配的情况下，实施限制的缔约国应将最近根据数量或价值分配给各供应国的配额份额，迅速通知与供应产品有利害关系的所有其它缔约国，并应公告周知。 |
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| 4.With regard to restrictions applied in accordance with paragraph 2 (d) of this Article or under paragraph 2 (c) of Article XI, the selection of a representative period for any product and the appraisal of any special factors* affecting the trade in the product shall be made initially by the contracting party applying the restriction; Provided that such contracting party shall, upon the request of any other contracting party having a substantial interest in supplying that product or upon the request of the CONTRACTING PARTIES, consult promptly with the other contracting party or the CONTRACTING PARTIES regarding the need for an adjustment of the proportion determined or of the base period selected, or for the reappraisal of the special factors involved, or for the elimination of conditions, formalities or any other provisions established unilaterally relating to the allocation of an adequate quota or its unrestricted utilization. | | ４．关于按本条第２款（丁）项或本规定第十一条第２款（丙）项所实施的限制，应首先由实施限制的缔约国选择产品的有代表性时期和估计影响产品贸易的任何特殊因素*；但是，在与供应这一产品有重大利害关系的任何缔约国或缔约国全体提出请求后，实施限制的缔约国应迅速与其它缔约国或缔约国全体协商，以断定有无必要调整已确定的比例或选定的基期，或重新估计有关的特殊因素，或取消单方面建立的与相应配额的分配或自由利用有关的这些条件、手续或其它规定。 |
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| 5.The provisions of this Article shall apply to any tariff quota instituted or maintained by any contracting party, and, in so far as applicable, the principles of this Article shall also extend to export restrictions. | | ５．本条的规定应适用于任何缔约国建立或维持的关税配额，而且本条的原则应尽可能地适用于出口限制。 |
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| Article XIV Exceptions to the Rule of Non-discrimination | | 第十四条* 非歧视原则的例外 |
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| 1.A contracting party which applies restrictions under Article XII or under Section B of Article XVIII may, in the application of such restrictions, deviate from the provisions of Article XIII in a manner having equivalent effect to restrictions on payments and transfers for current international transactions which that contracting party may at that time apply under Article VIII or XIV of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, or under analogous provisions of a special exchange agreement entered into pursuant to paragraph 6 of Article XV.* | | １．按照本协定第十二条或第十八条第二节实施限制的一缔约国，可以在实施限制时背离本协定第十三条的规定，如果背离后对现行国际贸易的支付和转让所产生的效果，与这一缔约国当时按照国际货币基金第八条或第十四条的规定，或按照根据本协定第十五条第６款签订的特别外汇协定的类似规定，实施的限制所产生的效果相同*。 |
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| 2.A contracting party which is applying import restrictions under Article XII or under Section B of Article XVIII may, with the consent of the CONTRACTING PARTIES, temporarily deviate from the provisions of Article XIII in respect of a small part of its external trade where the benefits to the contracting party or contracting parties concerned substantially outweigh any injury which may result to the trade of other contracting parties.* | | ２．经缔约国全体同意，按照本协定第十二条或第十八条第二节实施限制的一缔约国，可以对它的一小部分对外贸易暂时背离本协定第十三条的规定，如果这样做后，对有关的一个缔约国或几个缔约国造成的利益大大超过对其它缔约国造成的损害* 。 |
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| 3.The provisions of Article XIII shall not preclude a group of territories having a common quota in the International Monetary Fund from applying against imports from other countries, but not among themselves, restrictions in accordance with the provisions of Article XII or of Section B of Article XVIII on condition that such restrictions are in all other respects consistent with the provisions of Article XIII. | | ３．本协定第十三条的规定，并不阻止在国际货币基金中有共同配额的某些领土根据本协定第十二条或第十八条第二的规定，限制来自其它国家的进口，而不限制它们之间的相互进口，如果这种限制在其它方面符合本协定第十三条的规定。 |
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| 4.A contracting party applying import restrictions under Article XII or under Section B of Article XVIII shall not be precluded by Articles XI to XV or Section B of Article XVIII of this Agreement from applying measures to direct its exports in such a manner as to increase its earnings of currencies which it can use without deviation from the provisions of Article XIII. | | ４．本协定第十一条至第十五条或本协定第十八条第二节的规定，并不阻止按照本协定第十二条或按照本协定第十八条第二节实施限制的一缔约国采取不违反本协定第十三条规定的措施以指导出口，增加外汇收入。 |
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| 5.A contracting party shall not be precluded by Articles XI to XV, inclusive, or by Section B of Article XVIII, of this Agreement from applying quantitative restrictions: | | ５．本协定第十一条至第十五条或本协定第十条第二节的规定，并不阻止一缔约国实施： |
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| (a)having equivalent effect to exchange restrictions authorized under Section 3 (b) of Article VII of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, or | | （甲）与国际货币基金协定第十七条允许实施的外汇限制有相同影响的数量限制；或 |
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| (b)under the preferential arrangements provided for in Annex A of this Agreement, pending the outcome of the negotiations referred to therein. | | （乙）在本协定附件一所称的谈判取得结果以前，根据这一附件内所列的优惠安排而实施的数量限制。 |
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| Article XV Exchange Arrangements | | 第十五条 外汇安排 |
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| 1.The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall seek co-operation with the International Monetary Fund to the end that the CONTRACTING PARTIES and the Fund may pursue a co-ordinated policy with regard to exchange questions within the jurisdiction of the Fund and questions of quantitative restrictions and other trade measures within the jurisdiction of the CONTRACTING PARTIES. | | １．缔约国全体应谋求与国际货币基金合作，以便在基金所主管的外汇问题和缔约国全体所主管的数量限制或其它贸易措施方面，缔约国全体与基金可以执行一个协调的政策。 |
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| 2.In all cases in which the CONTRACTING PARTIES are called upon to consider or deal with problems concerning monetary reserves, balances of payments or foreign exchange arrangements, they shall consult fully with the International Monetary Fund. In such consultations, the CONTRACTING PARTIES shall accept all findings of statistical and other facts presented by the Fund relating to foreign exchange, monetary reserves and balances of payments, and shall accept the determination of the Fund as to whether action by a contracting party in exchange matters is in accordance with the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund, or with the terms of a special exchange agreement between that contracting party and the CONTRACTING PARTIES. The CONTRACTING PARTIES in reaching their final decision in cases involving the criteria set forth in paragraph 2 (a) of Article XII or in paragraph 9 of Article XVIII, shall accept the determination of the Fund as to what constitutes a serious decline in the contracting party's monetary reserves, a very low level of its monetary reserves or a reasonable rate of increase in its monetary reserves, and as to the financial aspects of other matters covered in consultation in such cases. | | ２．缔约国全体如果被请求考虑或处理有关货币储备、国际收支或外汇安排的问题，它们应与国际货币基金进行充分的协商。缔约国全体在协商中应接受基金提供的有关外汇、货币储备或国际收支的一切统计或其它调查结果；对于一缔约国在外汇问题上采取的行动是否符合国际货币基金协定的条款，是否符合这一缔约国与缔约国全体之间所签订的外汇特别协定的条件，缔约国全体也应接受基金的判定。缔约国全体如需对涉及本协定第十二条第２款（甲）项或第十八条第９款所规定的标准的案件作出最后决定，对什么是一缔约国货币储备的严重下降，什么是一缔约国的货币储备很低，什么是一缔约国货币储备的合理增长，以及对协商中涉及的其它事项的财政方面，都应接受基金的判定。 |
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| 3.The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall seek agreement with the Fund regarding procedures for consultation under paragraph 2 of this Article. | | ３．缔约国全体应设法与基金就本条第２款所述协商的程序达成协议。 |
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| 4.Contracting parties shall not, by exchange action, frustrate* the intent of the provisions of this Agreement, nor, by trade action, the intent of the provisions of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund. | | ４．缔约各国不得以外汇方面的行动，来妨碍本协定各项规定的意图的实现*，也不得以贸易方面的行动，妨碍国际货币基金规定各项规定的意图的实现。 |
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| 5.If the CONTRACTING PARTIES consider, at any time, that exchange restrictions on payments and transfers in connection with imports are being applied by a contracting party in a manner inconsistent with the exceptions provided for in this Agreement for quantitative restrictions, they shall report thereon to the Fund. | | ５．如缔约国全体认为，某缔约国现行的有关进口货物的支付和转帐方面的外汇限制与本协定对数量限制所订的例外规定不符，则缔约国全体应将这一情况向基金报告。 |
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| 6.Any contracting party which is not a member of the Fund shall, within a time to be determined by the CONTRACTING PARTIES after consultation with the Fund, become a member of the Fund, or, failing that, enter into a special exchange agreement with the CONTRACTING PARTIES. A contracting party which ceases to be a member of the Fund shall forthwith enter into a special exchange agreement with the CONTRACTING PARTIES. Any special exchange agreement entered into by a contracting party under this paragraph shall thereupon become part of its obligations under this Agreement. | | ６．凡不是国际货币基金成员国的缔约国，应在缔约国全体与基金商定的时限内，成为基金的成员国；如不能做到这一点，应与缔约国全体签订一个外汇特别协定。一缔约国如果退出国际货币基金，应立即与缔约国全体签订一个外汇特别协定。一缔约国根据本款与缔约国全体签订的外汇特别协定，应成为这一缔约国对本协定所承担的义务的组成部分。 |
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| 7.(a)A special exchange agreement between a contracting party and the CONTRACTING PARTIES under paragraph 6 of this Article shall provide to the satisfaction of the CONTRACTING PARTIES that the objectives of this Agreement will not be frustrated as a result of action in exchange matters by the contracting party in question. | | ７．（甲）一缔约国与缔约国全体根据本条第六款签订的外汇特别协定，须有使缔约国全体满意的下述规定：这一缔约国在外汇问题上采取的行动，将不妨碍本协定的宗旨的实现。 |
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| (b)The terms of any such agreement shall not impose obligations on the contracting party in exchange matters generally more restrictive than those imposed by the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund on members of the Fund. | | （乙）任何外汇特别协定的条款要求缔约国在外汇问题上所承担的义务，一般应不严于国际货币基金协定的条款要求基金成员国所承担的义务。 |
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| 8.A contracting party which is not a member of the Fund shall furnish such information within the general scope of section 5 of Article VIII of the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund as the CONTRACTING PARTIES may require in order to carry out their functions under this Agreement. | | ８．不是国际货币基金成员的缔约国应向缔约国全体提供其为执行本协定规定的任务而需要的国际货币基金协定第八条第五节范围内的一般资料。 |
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| 9.Nothing in this Agreement shall preclude: | | ９．本协定不妨碍： |
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| (a)the use by a contracting party of exchange controls or exchange restrictions in accordance with the Articles of Agreement of the International Monetary Fund or with that contracting party's special exchange agreement with the CONTRACTING PARTIES, or | | （甲）缔约国实施与国际货币基金协定条款与缔约国同缔约国全体签订的外汇特别协定条款相符的外汇管制或外汇限制；或 |
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| (b)the use by a contracting party of restrictions or controls in imports or exports, the sole effect of which, additional to the effects permitted under Articles XI, XII, XIII and XIV, is to make effective such exchange controls or exchange restrictions. | | （乙）缔约国对输出、输入实施某种除了产生本协定第十一条、第十二条、第十三条和第十四条所允许的影响以外，只是使外汇管制或外汇限制更加有效的限制或管制。 |
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| Article XVI Subsidies | | 第十六条 补贴 |
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| Section A - Subsidies in General | | 第一节 一般补贴 |
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| 1.If any contracting party grants or maintains any subsidy, including any form of income or price support, which operates directly or indirectly to increase exports of any product from, or to reduce imports of any product into, its territory, it shall notify the CONTRACTING PARTIES in writing of the extent and nature of the subsidization, of the estimated effect of the subsidization on the quantity of the affected product or products imported into or exported from its territory and of the circumstances making the subsidization necessary. In any case in which it is determined that serious prejudice to the interests of any other contracting party is caused or threatened by any such subsidization, the contracting party granting the subsidy shall, upon request, discuss with the other contracting party or parties concerned, or with the CONTRACTING PARTIES, the possibility of limiting the subsidization. | | １．任何缔约国如果给予或维持任何补贴，包括任何形式的收入支持或价格支持在内，以直接或间接增加从它的领土输出某种产品或减少向它的领土输入某种产品，它应将这项补贴的性质和范围、这项补贴对输出、输入的产品数量预计可能产生的影响以及这项补贴的必要性，书面通知缔约国全体。如这项补贴经判定对另一缔约国的利益造成重大损害或产生严重威胁，给予补贴的缔约国，应在接到要求后与有关的其它缔约国或缔约国全体讨论限制这项补贴的可能性。 |
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| Section B - Additional Provisions on Export Subsidies* | | 第二节 对出口补贴的附加规定* |
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| 2.The contracting parties recognize that the granting by a contracting party of a subsidy on the export of any product may have harmful effects for other contracting parties, both importing and exporting, may cause undue disturbance to their normal commercial interests, and may hinder the achievement of the objectives of this Agreement. | | ２．缔约各国认为，一缔约国对某一出口产品给予补贴，可能既对进口的其它缔约国，又对出口的其它缔约国造成有害的影响，对它们的正常贸易造成不适当的干扰，并阻碍本协定的目标的实现。 |
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| 3.Accordingly, contracting parties should seek to avoid the use of subsidies on the export of primary products. If, however, a contracting party grants directly or indirectly any form of subsidy which operates to increase the export of any primary product from its territory, such subsidy shall not be applied in a manner which results in that contracting party having more than an equitable share of world export trade in that product, account being taken of the shares of the contracting parties in such trade in the product during a previous representative period, and any special factors which may have affected or may be affecting such trade in the product.* | | ３．因此，缔约各国应力求避免对初级产品的输出实施补贴。但是，如一缔约国直接或间接给予某种补贴以求增加从它的领土输出某种初级产品，则这一缔约国在实施补贴时不应使它自己在这一产品的世界出口贸易中占有不合理的份额，适当注意前一有代表性时期缔约各国在这种产品的贸易中所占的份额及已经影响或可能正在影响这种产品的贸易的特殊因素*。 |
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| 4.Further, as from 1 January 1958 or the earliest practicable date thereafter, contracting parties shall cease to grant either directly or indirectly any form of subsidy on the export of any product other than a primary product which subsidy results in the sale of such product for export at a price lower than the comparable price charged for the like product to buyers in the domestic market. Until 31 December 1957 no contracting party shall extend the scope of any such subsidization beyond that existing on 1 January 1955 by the introduction of new, or the extension of existing, subsidies.* | | ４．另外，从１９５８年１月１日或其后可能的尽早的日期起，对初级产品以外的任何产品，缔约各国不应再直接或间接给予使这种产品的输出售价低于同样产品在国内市场出售时的可比价格的任何形式的补贴。在１９５７年１２月３１日以前，任何缔约国不得用实施新的补贴或扩大现有补贴的办法，使前述补贴超出１９５５年１月１日所实施的范围*。 |
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| 5.The CONTRACTING PARTIES shall review the operation of the provisions of this Article from time to time with a view to examining its effectiveness, in the light of actual experience, in promoting the objectives of this Agreement and avoiding subsidization seriously prejudicial to the trade or interests of contracting parties. | | ５．缔约各国应根据实际的经验随时检查本条规定的执行情况，以了解本条规定在促进本协定目标的实现以及避免补贴对缔约各国的贸易和利益造成严重损害方面是否有效。 |
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| Article XVII State Trading Enterprises | | 第十七条 国营贸易企业 |
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1.(a)Each contracting party undertakes that if it establishes or maintains a State enterprise, wherever located, or grants to any enterprise, formally or in effect, exclusive or special privileges,* such enterprise shall, in its purchases or sales involving either imports or exports, act in a manner consistent with the general principles of non-discriminatory treatment prescribed in this Agreement for governmental measures affecting imports or exports by private traders.
．．．．．． | | １ *．（甲）缔约各国保证：当它建立或维持一个国营企业（不论位于何处），或对一个企业正式或事实上给予独占权或特权时* 这种企业在其有关进口或出口的购买和销售方面，应按本协定中关于影响私商进出口货物的政府措施所规定的非歧视待遇的一般原则办理。
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