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| Guiding Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Advancing the High-quality Development of Trade | | 中共中央、国务院关于推进贸易高质量发展的指导意见 |
| (November 19, 2019) | | （2019年11月19日） |
| Advancing the high-quality development of trade is a major decision and arrangement made by the CPC Central Committee in the face of profound changes in international and domestic situations, an inevitable requirement for striving to forward the cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics in a new era, and a major matter relevant to overall economic and social development. For the purposes of accelerating the cultivation of new competitive advantages in trade and advancing the high-quality development of trade, the following opinions are hereby offered. | | 推进贸易高质量发展，是党中央面对国际国内形势深刻变化作出的重大决策部署，是奋力推进新时代中国特色社会主义事业的必然要求，是事关经济社会发展全局的大事。为加快培育贸易竞争新优势，推进贸易高质量发展，现提出如下意见。 |
| I. General requirements | | 一、总体要求 |
| Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in a New Era shall be guidance, the spirit of the 19th CPC National Congress and the Second, Third, and Fourth Plenary Sessions of the 19th CPC Central Committee shall be fully implemented, the new development concept shall be adhered to, the promotion of high-quality development shall be adhered to, the supply-side structural reform shall be the main line, the promotion of a transition from the opening based on the movement of commodities and factors to that based on rules and other systems shall be accelerated, a higher-level new open economic system shall be built, the framework of foreign-related economic and trade laws and rules shall be improved, reforms in the foreign trade field shall be deepened, the principle of market orientation and rules of business shall be adhered to, scientific and technological innovation, innovation in systems, innovation in models and forms of business shall be strengthened, with a focus on the Belt and Road Initiative, the trade structure shall be vigorously optimized, the coordinated development of import and export, trade in goods and services, trade and two-way investment, and trade and industries shall be promoted, the orderly and free movement of international and domestic factors, efficient allocation of resources, and deep integration of markets shall be boosted, and the basic balance of payments shall be furthered, so as to achieve the high-quality development of trade, create a new international trade situation that is open, cooperative, inclusive, beneficial to all, sharing, and reciprocally favorable, and contribute more to promoting China's economic and social development and building a community of common destiny. | | 以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻党的十九大和十九届二中、三中、四中全会精神，坚持新发展理念，坚持推动高质量发展，以供给侧结构性改革为主线，加快推动由商品和要素流动型开放向规则等制度型开放转变，建设更高水平开放型经济新体制，完善涉外经贸法律和规则体系，深化外贸领域改革，坚持市场化原则和商业规则，强化科技创新、制度创新、模式和业态创新，以共建“一带一路”为重点，大力优化贸易结构，推动进口与出口、货物贸易与服务贸易、贸易与双向投资、贸易与产业协调发展，促进国际国内要素有序自由流动、资源高效配置、市场深度融合，促进国际收支基本平衡，实现贸易高质量发展，开创开放合作、包容普惠、共享共赢的国际贸易新局面，为推动我国经济社会发展和构建人类命运共同体作出更大贡献。 |
| By 2022, the trade structure will have been further optimized, the benefits of trade will have been significantly improved, trade strength will have been further enhanced, and a framework of indicators, policies, statistics, and performance appraisal for the high-quality development of trade will have been established. | | 到2022年，贸易结构更加优化，贸易效益显著提升，贸易实力进一步增强，建立贸易高质量发展的指标、政策、统计、绩效评价体系。 |
| II. Accelerating innovation drive and cultivating new competitive advantages in trade | | 二、加快创新驱动，培育贸易竞争新优势 |
| 1. Consolidating the industry foundation for trade development. Market mechanisms shall be brought into play, the interaction between trade and industries shall be promoted, and the internationalization process of industries shall be advanced. The development, cultivation, and strengthening of emerging industries shall be accelerated, and breakthroughs in key fields shall be boosted. Traditional industries shall be optimized and upgraded to improve competitiveness. The development of modern service industries, especially the producer service industry, shall be accelerated, and the deep integration of advanced manufacturing and modern service industries shall be advanced. The construction of modern agriculture shall be expedited. Advanced manufacturing clusters with global influence and competitiveness shall be cultivated. | | （一）夯实贸易发展的产业基础。发挥市场机制作用，促进贸易与产业互动，推进产业国际化进程。加快发展和培育壮大新兴产业，推动重点领域率先突破。优化升级传统产业，提高竞争力。加快发展现代服务业，特别是生产性服务业，推进先进制造业与现代服务业深度融合。加快建设现代农业。培育具有全球影响力和竞争力的先进制造业集群。 |
| 2. Enhancing capabilities to innovate trade. An open, collaborative, and efficient common technology research and development platform shall be built to strengthen the role of manufacturing innovation in supporting trade. The organic integration of the Internet, the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, and blockchain with trade shall be promoted, and the gathering of new momentum shall be hastened. Original innovation and integrated innovation shall be bolstered. Multilateral and bilateral cooperation mechanisms shall be leveraged to reinforce technical exchanges and cooperation. Efforts will be made to expand the outbound licensing of intellectual property rights. The integration into the global innovation networks shall be vigorously conducted. | | （二）增强贸易创新能力。构建开放、协同、高效的共性技术研发平台，强化制造业创新对贸易的支撑作用。推动互联网、物联网、大数据、人工智能、区块链与贸易有机融合，加快培育新动能。加强原始创新、集成创新。充分利用多双边合作机制，加强技术交流与合作。着力扩大知识产权对外许可。积极融入全球创新网络。 |
| 3. Improving the quality of products. Quality management shall be strengthened, advanced technologies and standards shall be vigorously adopted, and the quality of products shall be improved. The quality of products in a group of key industries shall be prompted to reach the international advanced level as a whole. The certification and accreditation system shall be further improved, and the mutual recognition of certification and testing results with key markets shall be expedited. The inspection and testing system shall be improved, and the construction of public service platforms for inspection and testing shall be reinforced. The traceability system for important products shall be augmented. | | （三）提高产品质量。加强质量管理，积极采用先进技术和标准，提高产品质量。推动一批重点行业产品质量整体达到国际先进水平。进一步完善认证认可制度，加快推进与重点市场认证和检测结果互认。完善检验检测体系，加强检验检测公共服务平台建设。健全重要产品追溯体系。 |
| 4. Expediting the cultivation of brands. Industry and regional brands shall be vigorously cultivated. Brands shall be exhibited and promoted in key markets to boost the export of branded products. The protection of trademarks, patents, and other intellectual property rights and crackdown on counterfeit and shoddy goods shall be strengthened, and enterprises shall be encouraged to register their trademarks and patents overseas. The research on, design and positioning of, and exchange related to brands shall be enhanced, and the brand management system shall be improved. The building of trademarks and geographical indications shall be bolstered to increase the influence of Chinese brands. | | （四）加快品牌培育。大力培育行业性、区域性品牌。在重点市场举办品牌展览推介，推动品牌产品走向世界。加强商标、专利等知识产权保护和打击假冒伪劣工作，鼓励企业开展商标和专利境外注册。强化品牌研究、品牌设计、品牌定位和品牌交流，完善品牌管理体系。加强商标、地理标志品牌建设，提升中国品牌影响力。 |
| III. Optimizing the trade structure and improving the quality and efficiency of development of trade | | 三、优化贸易结构，提高贸易发展质量和效益 |
| 5. Optimizing arrangements in the international market. Traditional markets such as developed economies shall continue to be profoundly developed. Efforts shall be made to deepen trade cooperation with countries under the Belt and Road Initiative, and markets in Asia, Africa, and Latin America shall be expanded. The proportion of free trade partners, emerging markets, and developing countries in China's foreign trade shall be gradually raised, and the scale of trade with neighboring countries shall be increased. With factors such as market sizes, trade potential, consumption structure, industry complementarity, and country risk taken into account, enterprises shall be directed to develop a group of key markets. | | （五）优化国际市场布局。继续深耕发达经济体等传统市场。着力深化与共建“一带一路”国家的贸易合作，拓展亚洲、非洲、拉美等市场。逐步提高自贸伙伴、新兴市场和发展中国家在我国对外贸易中的占比，扩大与周边国家贸易规模。综合考虑市场规模、贸易潜力、消费结构、产业互补、国别风险等因素，引导企业开拓一批重点市场。 |
| 6. Optimizing domestic and regional arrangements. Inter-regional connectivity and interaction shall be promoted under the guidance of the Belt and Road Initiative, the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei Province, the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the regional integrated development of the Yangtze River Delta, the construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin, the advancement of Hainan's comprehensive deepening of reform and opening-up, and other major strategies. The shift from old to new momentum in eastern China shall be boosted to achieve the high-quality development of trade. Central, western, and northeastern China shall be supported in accelerating development, receiving relocated domestic and international industries, and increasing the proportion of open economy. The development level of border economic cooperation zones and cross-border economic cooperation zones shall be lifted. | | （六）优化国内区域布局。以“一带一路”建设、京津冀协同发展、长江经济带发展、长江三角洲区域一体化发展、粤港澳大湾区建设、黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展、推进海南全面深化改革开放等重大战略为引领，推动区域间融通联动。推动东部地区新旧动能转换，实现贸易高质量发展。支持中西部和东北地区加快发展，承接国内外产业转移，提高开放型经济比重。提升边境经济合作区、跨境经济合作区发展水平。 |
| 7. Optimizing business entities. Industry-leading enterprises shall be encouraged to improve their international operation level, gradually integrate into the global supply chain, industry chain, and value chain, and possess the capacity to allocate factor resources and arrange market networks globally. Small and medium-sized enterprises shall be encouraged and prompted to conduct transformation and upgrading, focus on their main business, and follow the path to specialization, sophistication, particularity, distinctness, and internationalization. | | （七）优化经营主体。鼓励行业龙头企业提高国际化经营水平，逐步融入全球供应链、产业链、价值链，形成在全球范围内配置要素资源、布局市场网络的能力。支持推动中小企业转型升级，聚焦主业，走“专精特新”国际化道路。 |
| 8. Optimizing the commodity structure. Trade in high-quality, high-tech, and high-value-added products shall be developed vigorously. The grade and added value of labor-intensive products shall be continuously improved. The structure of trade in capital goods and consumer goods shall be optimized, the scale of trade in intermediate goods shall be increased, and the global industry chain shall be developed and protected. The promotion of the development of intelligent manufacturing shall be expedited, and the gradual movement from processing and manufacturing links to research and development, marketing services, brand management, and other links shall be achieved, so as to steadily increase the added value of exports. | | （八）优化商品结构。大力发展高质量、高技术、高附加值产品贸易。不断提高劳动密集型产品档次和附加值。优化资本品、消费品贸易结构，扩大中间品贸易规模，发展和保护全球产业链。加快推动智能制造发展，逐步从加工制造环节向研发设计、营销服务、品牌经营等环节攀升，稳步提高出口附加值。 |
| 9. Optimizing trade models. General trade shall be made stronger, bargaining power shall be improved, and efficiency and scale shall be raised. Processing trade shall be augmented, extension to both ends of the industry chain shall be encouraged, and the upgrading of the industry chain shall be promoted; the development of maintenance, remanufacturing, testing, and other business shall be advanced; and information technology such as the Internet and big data shall be used to improve regulation. Other trades shall be developed, the innovative development, transformation, and upgrading of border trade shall be accelerated, and the development of new trade models shall be explored. | | （九）优化贸易方式。做强一般贸易，增强议价能力，提高效益和规模。提升加工贸易，鼓励向产业链两端延伸，推动产业链升级；推进维修、再制造、检测等业务发展；利用互联网、大数据等信息技术完善监管。发展其他贸易，加快边境贸易创新发展和转型升级，探索发展新型贸易方式。 |
IV. Promoting balanced coordination and boosting the sustainable development of trade
．．．．．． | | 四、促进均衡协调，推动贸易可持续发展
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