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| Grassland Law of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国草原法 |
(Adopted at the 11th Session of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on June 18, 1985; revised at the 31st Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on December 28, 2002; amended for the first time in accordance with the Decision of the Tenth Session of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress Concerning Amendment to the Some Laws on August 27, 2009; and amended for the second time in accordance with the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Amending the Cultural Relics Protection Law of the People's Republic of China and Other Eleven Laws as adopted at the Third Session of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress on June 29, 2013) | | （1985年6月18日第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议通过 2002年12月28日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三十一次会议修订 根据2009年8月27日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十次会议《关于修改部分法律的决定》第一次修正 根据2013年6月29日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国文物保护法〉等十二部法律的决定》第二次修正） |
| Contents | | 目录 |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总则 |
| Chapter II Ownership of Grasslands | | 第二章 草原权属 |
| Chapter III Planning | | 第三章 规划 |
| Chapter IV Development | | 第四章 建设 |
| Chapter V Use | | 第五章 利用 |
| Chapter VI Protection | | 第六章 保护 |
| Chapter VII Supervision and Inspection | | 第七章 监督检查 |
| Chapter VIII Legal Responsibility | | 第八章 法律责任 |
| Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions | | 第九章 附则 |
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| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总则 |
| Article 1 This Law is enacted with a view to protecting, developing and making rational use of grasslands, improving the ecological environment, maintaining the diversity of living things, modernizing animal husbandry and promoting the sustainable development of the economy and society. | | 第一条 为了保护、建设和合理利用草原，改善生态环境，维护生物多样性，发展现代畜牧业，促进经济和社会的可持续发展，制定本法。 |
| Article 2 This Law shall be applicable to all activities of grassland planning, protection, development, use and management conducted within the territory of the People's Republic of China. | | 第二条 在中华人民共和国领域内从事草原规划、保护、建设、利用和管理活动，适用本法。 |
| The term "grasslands" mentioned in this Law refers to natural and man-made grasslands. | | 本法所称草原，是指天然草原和人工草地。 |
| Article 3 With regard to grasslands, the State applies the principles of scientific planning, all-round protection, giving priority to the development of key grasslands, and rational use, in order to promote the sustainable use of grasslands and the harmonious development of the ecology, economy and society. | | 第三条 国家对草原实行科学规划、全面保护、重点建设、合理利用的方针，促进草原的可持续利用和生态、经济、社会的协调发展。 |
| Article 4 People's governments at all levels shall improve their administration in protection, development and use of grasslands and include such protection, development and use in their national economic and social development plans. | | 第四条 各级人民政府应当加强对草原保护、建设和利用的管理，将草原的保护、建设和利用纳入国民经济和社会发展计划。 |
| People's governments at all levels shall enhance dissemination of the knowledge, and education in the importance, of protection, development and use of grasslands. | | 各级人民政府应当加强保护、建设和合理利用草原的宣传教育。 |
| Article 5 All units and individuals shall have the duty to observe the laws and regulations on grasslands and to protect the grasslands and shall, at the same time, have the right to supervise, inform against and accuse any violation of the laws and regulations on grasslands and damage of the grasslands, | | 第五条 任何单位和个人都有遵守草原法律法规、保护草原的义务，同时享有对违反草原法律法规、破坏草原的行为进行监督、检举和控告的权利。 |
| Article 6 The State encourages and supports scientific research in protection, development, use and monitoring of grasslands, spreads the use of advanced technologies and achievements and trains scientists and technicians in this respect. | | 第六条 国家鼓励与支持开展草原保护、建设、利用和监测方面的科学研究，推广先进技术和先进成果，培养科学技术人才。 |
| Article 7 The State awards all units and individuals that have made outstanding contributions to the management, protection, development and rational use of, and scientific search in, grasslands. | | 第七条 国家对在草原管理、保护、建设、合理利用和科学研究等工作中做出显著成绩的单位和个人，给予奖励。 |
| Article 8 The competent administrative department for grasslands under the State Council shall be in charge of supervision over the grasslands nationwide. | | 第八条 国务院草原行政主管部门主管全国草原监督管理工作。 |
| The competent administrative departments for grasslands of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall be in charge of supervision over the grasslands in their respective administrative areas. | | 县级以上地方人民政府草原行政主管部门主管本行政区域内草原监督管理工作。 |
| People's governments of townships (towns) shall tighten supervision over and inspection of the protection, development and use of the grasslands in their own administrative areas and may, where necessary, have full- or part-time persons to be responsible for specific supervision and inspection. | | 乡（镇）人民政府应当加强对本行政区域内草原保护、建设和利用情况的监督检查，根据需要可以设专职或者兼职人员负责具体监督检查工作。 |
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| Chapter II Ownership of Grasslands | | 第二章 草原权属 |
| Article 9 The grasslands are owned by the State, with the exception of the grasslands owned by collectives as provided for by law. With respect to the State-owned grasslands, the State Council shall exercise the right of such ownership on behalf of the State. | | 第九条 草原属于国家所有，由法律规定属于集体所有的除外。国家所有的草原，由国务院代表国家行使所有权。 |
| No unit or individual may take illegal possession of, trade in or illegally transfer in other forms the grasslands. | | 任何单位或者个人不得侵占、买卖或者以其他形式非法转让草原。 |
| Article 10 The State-owned grasslands may, in accordance with law, be assigned for use to the units under the ownership by the whole people and to collective economic organizations. | | 第十条 国家所有的草原，可以依法确定给全民所有制单位、集体经济组织等使用。 |
| All units that use the grasslands shall fulfill the duty of protecting, developing and rationally using the grasslands. | | 使用草原的单位，应当履行保护、建设和合理利用草原的义务。 |
| Article 11 With respect to the State-owned grasslands which, in accordance with law, are assigned for use to units under the ownership by the whole people and to collective economic organizations, the people's governments at or above the county level shall register such grasslands, issue certificates for the right of use to the said units and organizations after verification and thus establish their right to use such grasslands. | | 第十一条 依法确定给全民所有制单位、集体经济组织等使用的国家所有的草原，由县级以上人民政府登记，核发使用权证，确认草原使用权。 |
| With respect to the State-owned grasslands, for which the right of use is not assigned, the people's governments at or above the county level shall register such grasslands and shall be responsible for their protection and control. | | 未确定使用权的国家所有的草原，由县级以上人民政府登记造册，并负责保护管理。 |
| With respect to the grasslands owned by collectives, the people's governments at or above the county level shall register such grasslands, issue to the collectives the certificates of ownership after verification to and establish their right of ownership of such grasslands. | | 集体所有的草原，由县级人民政府登记，核发所有权证，确认草原所有权。 |
| Where the ownership of grasslands is changed in accordance with law, the formalities for registration of shall be completed. | | 依法改变草原权属的，应当办理草原权属变更登记手续。 |
| Article 12 The right of ownership and the right of use of the grasslands registered in accordance with law shall be protected by law, and no unit or individual may infringe upon such ownership or right. | | 第十二条 依法登记的草原所有权和使用权受法律保护，任何单位或者个人不得侵犯。 |
| Article 13 The grasslands owned by collectives or the State-owned grasslands which have been assigned for use to collective economic organizations may be contracted for management by households individually or jointly within the said collective economic organizations. | | 第十三条 集体所有的草原或者依法确定给集体经济组织使用的国家所有的草原，可以由本集体经济组织内的家庭或者联户承包经营。 |
| No adjustment may be made to the grasslands used by the contractors within the term of contractual management of the grasslands; where appropriate adjustments need be made to a few pieces of grasslands, the matter shall be subject to agreement by two-thirds or more members of the villagers (herdsmen) assembly, or two-thirds or more villagers' (herdsmen's) representatives, of the collective economic organization concerned and shall be reported for approval to the township (town) people's government and the competent administrative department for grasslands under the people's government at the county level. | | 在草原承包经营期内，不得对承包经营者使用的草原进行调整；个别确需适当调整的，必须经本集体经济组织成员的村（牧）民会议三分之二以上成员或者三分之二以上村（牧）民代表的同意，并报乡（镇）人民政府和县级人民政府草原行政主管部门批准。 |
| Where grasslands owned by a collective or the State-owned grasslands which are assigned for use to a collective economic organization in accordance with law are contracted to units or individuals other than the ones of the said organization, the matter shall be subject to agreement by two-thirds or more members of the villagers (herdsmen) assembly, or two-thirds or more villagers' (herdmen's) representatives, of the collective economic organization concerned and shall be reported for approval to the township (town) people's government. | | 集体所有的草原或者依法确定给集体经济组织使用的国家所有的草原由本集体经济组织以外的单位或者个人承包经营的，必须经本集体经济组织成员的村（牧）民会议三分之二以上成员或者三分之二以上村（牧）民代表的同意，并报乡（镇）人民政府批准。 |
| Article 14 For contractual management of a piece of grasslands, the party contracting out the grasslands and the contracting party shall sign a written contract. The contents of the grassland contract shall include the rights and obligations of both parties, the four boundaries, area and grade of the contracted grasslands, the term of the contract and the starting and expiration dates, the purpose of use of the grasslands and the liabilities for breach of the contract, etc. At the expiration of the term of the contract, the original contractor shall, under equal conditions, have the priority of the right to contract. | | 第十四条 承包经营草原，发包方和承包方应当签订书面合同。草原承包合同的内容应当包括双方的权利和义务、承包草原四至界限、面积和等级、承包期和起止日期、承包草原用途和违约责任等。承包期届满，原承包经营者在同等条件下享有优先承包权。 |
| The units and individuals for contractual management of grasslands shall fulfill the obligations of protecting, developing, and rationally using the grasslands in adherence to the purpose of use as agreed upon in the contract. | | 承包经营草原的单位和个人，应当履行保护、建设和按照承包合同约定的用途合理利用草原的义务。 |
| Article 15 The right to contractual management of grasslands is protected by law, and it may be transferred in accordance with law and on the principles of voluntariness and compensation. | | 第十五条 草原承包经营权受法律保护，可以按照自愿、有偿的原则依法转让。 |
| The transferee of the right to contractual management of grasslands shall have the capability of pursuits in animal husbandry and shall fulfill the obligations of protecting, developing, and rationally using the grasslands in adherence to the purpose of use as agreed upon in the contract. | | 草原承包经营权转让的受让方必须具有从事畜牧业生产的能力，并应当履行保护、建设和按照承包合同约定的用途合理利用草原的义务。 |
| The transfer of the right to contractual management of grasslands shall be subject to agreement by the party contracting out the grasslands. The term of transfer agreed upon in the transfer contract by the contractor and the transferee may not exceed the remaining period of the original contract. | | 草原承包经营权转让应当经发包方同意。承包方与受让方在转让合同中约定的转让期限，不得超过原承包合同剩余的期限。 |
| Article 16 Disputes over the ownership or the right of use of grasslands shall be settled by the parties through consultation; and where consultation fails, the disputes shall be handled by the people's government concerned. | | 第十六条 草原所有权、使用权的争议，由当事人协商解决；协商不成的，由有关人民政府处理。 |
| Disputes between units shall be handled by the people's government at or above the county level; disputes between individuals or between individuals and units shall be handled by the township (town) people's government or the people's government at or above the county level. | | 单位之间的争议，由县级以上人民政府处理；个人之间、个人与单位之间的争议，由乡（镇）人民政府或者县级以上人民政府处理。 |
| Any party that is not satisfied with the decision made by the people's government concerned may bring a suit in the People's Court in accordance with law. | | 当事人对有关人民政府的处理决定不服的，可以依法向人民法院起诉。 |
| Pending the settlement of a dispute over ownership of grasslands, none of the parties may change the status quo in which the grasslands is being used, or damage the grasslands in question or the facilities thereon. | | 在草原权属争议解决前，任何一方不得改变草原利用现状，不得破坏草原和草原上的设施。 |
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| Chapter III Planning | | 第三章 规划 |
| Article 17 The State practises a system of unified planning for protection, development and use of grasslands. The competent administrative department for grasslands under the State Council shall, together with the relevant departments under the State Council, draw up national plans for protection, development and use of grasslands and submit them to the State Council for approval before putting them into effect. | | 第十七条 国家对草原保护、建设、利用实行统一规划制度。国务院草原行政主管部门会同国务院有关部门编制全国草原保护、建设、利用规划，报国务院批准后实施。 |
| The competent administrative department for grasslands under the local people's government at or above the county level shall, together with relevant departments at the same level and on the basis of the plans for protection, development and use of grasslands at the next higher level, draw up such plans for its own administrative area and submit them to the people's government at the same level for approval before putting them into effect. | | 县级以上地方人民政府草原行政主管部门会同同级有关部门依据上一级草原保护、建设、利用规划编制本行政区域的草原保护、建设、利用规划，报本级人民政府批准后实施。 |
| Where a plan for protection, development and use of grasslands really need be readjusted or modified, the matter shall be subject to approval by the original approving authority. | | 经批准的草原保护、建设、利用规划确需调整或者修改时，须经原批准机关批准。 |
| Article 18 A plan for protection, development and use of grasslands shall be drawn up on the basis of the plan for national economic and social development and in adherence to the following principles: | | 第十八条 编制草原保护、建设、利用规划，应当依据国民经济和社会发展规划并遵循下列原则： |
| (1) improving the ecological environment, preserving the diversity of living things and promoting the sustainable use of grasslands; | | （一）改善生态环境，维护生物多样性，促进草原的可持续利用； |
| (2) basing on the existing grasslands, suiting measures to local conditions, making overall plans and, formulating different guidelines for different categories; | | （二）以现有草原为基础，因地制宜，统筹规划，分类指导； |
| (3) giving first place to protection, enhancing development, improving grasslands in batches and using them rationally; and | | （三）保护为主、加强建设、分批改良、合理利用； |
| (4) combining the ecological, economic and social benefits. | | （四）生态效益、经济效益、社会效益相结合。 |
| Article 19 The plan for protection, development and use of grasslands shall include: the objective of and measures for protection, development and use of grasslands, functional division of grasslands and the general plan for various projects, and the various special plans. | | 第十九条 草原保护、建设、利用规划应当包括：草原保护、建设、利用的目标和措施，草原功能分区和各项建设的总体部署，各项专业规划等。 |
| Article 20 The plan for protection, development and use of grasslands shall dovetail with the overall plan for land use and be coordinated with the plans for environmental protection, water and soil conservation, prevention and control of desertification, and for water resources, and long-term plans for forestry, overall urban planning, village and market town planning and other relevant plans. | | 第二十条 草原保护、建设、利用规划应当与土地利用总体规划相衔接，与环境保护规划、水土保持规划、防沙治沙规划、水资源规划、林业长远规划、城市总体规划、村庄和集镇规划以及其他有关规划相协调。 |
| Article 21 Once approved, the plan for protection, development and use of grasslands shall strictly be implemented. | | 第二十一条 草原保护、建设、利用规划一经批准，必须严格执行。 |
| Article 22 The State establishes a survey system for grasslands. | | 第二十二条 国家建立草原调查制度。 |
| The competent administrative department for grasslands under the local people's government at or above the county level shall, together with relevant departments at the same level, conduct survey of the grasslands; the owners or users of the grasslands are expected to assist and cooperate in such survey and provide the relevant information. | | 县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门会同同级有关部门定期进行草原调查；草原所有者或者使用者应当支持、配合调查，并提供有关资料。 |
| Article 23 The competent administrative department for grasslands under the State Council shall, together with the relevant departments under the State Council, formulate national standards for grassland grading. | | 第二十三条 国务院草原行政主管部门会同国务院有关部门制定全国草原等级评定标准。 |
| The competent administrative department for grasslands under the people's government at or above the county level shall, on the basis of the results of grassland survey and the quality of the grasslands, grade the grasslands in accordance with the standards for grassland grading. | | 县级以上人民政府草原行政主管部门根据草原调查结果、草原的质量，依据草原等级评定标准，对草原进行评等定级。 |
Article 24 The State establishes a statistics system for grasslands.
．．．．．． | | 第二十四条 国家建立草原统计制度。
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