| Notice of the Supreme People's Court on Issuing the Several Opinions on Further Strengthening Financial Trials | | 最高人民法院印发《关于进一步加强金融审判工作的若干意见》的通知 |
| (No. 22 [2017] of the Supreme People's Court) | | （法发[2017]22号） |
| The higher people's courts of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government; the Military Court of the People's Liberation Army; and the Production and Construction Corps Branch of the Higher People's Court of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous: | | 各省、自治区、直辖市高级人民法院，解放军军事法院，新疆维吾尔 自治区高级人民法院生产建设兵团分院： |
| The Several Opinions of the Supreme People's Court on Further Strengthening Financial Trials are hereby issued to you for your conscientious implementation. | | 现将《最高人民法院关于进一步加强金融审判工作的若干意见》印发给你们，请认真贯彻执行。 |
| Supreme People's Court | | 最高人民法院 |
| August 4, 2017 | | 2017年8月4日 |
| Several Opinions on Further Strengthening Financial Trials | | 关于进一步加强金融审判工作的若干意见 |
| Finance is core competitiveness of the country, financial security is an important part of national security, and the financial system is a fundamental system in economic and social development. The following guiding opinions are hereby offered for purposes fully using the role of the financial trial function of the people's court and promoting sound economic and financial cycle and development. | | 金融是国家重要的核心竞争力，金融安全是国家安全的重要 组成部分，金融制度是经济社会发展中重要的基础性制度。为充 分发挥人民法院金融审判职能作用，促进经济和金融良性循环、健 康发展，现提出以下指导意见。 |
| I. Unifying ideas, improving recognition, and studying and implementing in depth the spirit of the major speech delivered by General Secretary Xi Jinping at the National Financial Work Conference | | 一、统一思想，提高认识，深入学习贯彻习近平总书记在全国 金融工作会议上的重要讲话精神 |
| The speech delivered by General Secretary Xi Jinping at the Fifth National Financial Work Conference is a scientific answer to the major theoretical and practical problems in China's financial reform, development and stability, is of the strong nature of ideas, guidance and practice, provides a fundamental principle for effectively conducting financial work under new conditions, and shows the direction of the financial trials of the people's court. The people's courts at all levels across the country shall study and implement in depth the spirit of the conference, effectively bring their thoughts and actions in line with the analysis and judgment of the situation of and decisions and arrangements with respect to the financial work made by CPC Central Committee with comrade Xi Jinping as the core, firmly adhere to the party's unified leadership of the financial work, closely center on the three tasks including serving the real economy, preventing and controlling financial risks, and deepening financial reforms, vigorously, soundly conduct financial trials, practically maintain national financial security, and promote positive cycle and sound development of economy and finance. | | 习近平总书记在第五次全国金融工作会议上发表的重要讲 话，科学回答了我国金融改革发展稳定中的重大理论和实践问题， 具有很强的思想性、指导性、实践性，为做好新形势下金融工作提 供了根本遵循，为人民法院金融审判工作指明了方向。全国各级 人民法院要深入学习贯彻会议精神，切实把思想和行动统一到以 习近平同志为核心的党中央对金融工作的形势分析判断和决策部 署上来，牢牢坚持党对金融工作的统一领导，紧紧围绕服务实体经 济、防控金融风险、深化金融改革三项任务，积极稳妥开展金融审 判工作，切实维护国家金融安全，促进经济和金融良性循环、健康 发展。 |
| II. Setting the service for the real economy as the start point and foothold and guiding and regulating financial transactions | | 二、以服务实体经济作为出发点和落脚点，引导和规范金融交易 |
| (1) Following the financial pattern and trying financial cases in accordance with the law. Various financial cases shall be tried in accordance with the law with the finance serving the real economy as the fundamental source of value. Financial transaction modes in conformity with laws and regulations, which is capable to reduce transaction cost and realize inclusive finance, shall be protected in accordance with the law. In relation to financial conduct contrary to regulations, which disguises financial risks, dodges financial regulation, or seeks profit by taking advantage of the system, with financial innovation, the effect of the conduct and the rights and obligations of each party shall be determined based on the legal relationship the conduct has constituted actually. Where illegal pooling of public deposits or fund-raising fraud in the name of financial innovation is criminally punishable, the offender shall be held criminally liable in accordance with the law. | | 1.遵循金融规律，依法审理金融案件。以金融服务实体经济 为价值本源，依法审理各类金融案件。对于能够实际降低交易成 本，实现普惠金融，合法合规的金融交易模式依法予以保护。对以 金融创新为名掩盖金融风险、规避金融监管、进行制度套利的金融 违规行为，要以其实际构成的法律关系确定其效力和各方的权利 义务。对于以金融创新名义非法吸收公众存款或者集资诈骗，构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。 |
| (2) Strictly, lawfully stipulating usury and effectively reducing the cost of financing in the real economy. A borrower to the financial lending contract who, on the grounds that the interest, compound interest, default interest, liquidated damages and other costs the lender demands are excessively high and conspicuously deviate from the actual loss, requests the reduction of the part exceeding the total calculated at the annual interest rate of 24% shall be supported to effectively reduce the cost of financing in the real economy. The order of private financing shall be regulated and guided, and the effect of contractual clauses in private financing dispute cases, which dodge the upper limit of private lending interest rate under judicial protection, such as advance deduction of principal or interest and high interest in disguise shall be denied in accordance with the law. | | 2.严格依法规制高利贷，有效降低实体经济的融资成本。金 融借款合同的借款人以贷款人同时主张的利息、复利、罚息、违约 金和其他费用过高，显著背离实际损失为由，请求对总计超过年利 率24%的部分予以调减的，应予支持，以有效降低实体经济的融 资成本。规范和引导民间融资秩序，依法否定民间借贷纠纷案件 中预扣本金或者利息、变相高息等规避民间借贷利率司法保护上 限的合同条款效力。 |
| (3) Lawfully determining the legal effect of new types of securities and expanding the financing security modes of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises. The financing security modes of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises shall be increased and expanded, and except the circumstances of null contracts as specified in Article 52 of the Contract Law, the effect of new types of security contracts shall be determined to have effect in accordance with the law; if a contract conforms to the provisions on security interest in the Property Law, its effect with respect to real rights shall be determined in accordance with the law so as to enhance the capability of micro, small and medium-sized enterprises to raise funds and effectively ease the difficulties and high cost for them to do so. | | 3.依法认定新类型担保的法律效力，拓宽中小微企业的融资 担保方式。丰富和拓展中小微企业的融资担保方式，除符合合同 法第五十二条规定的合同无效情形外，应当依法认定新类型担保 合同有效；符合物权法有关担保物权的规定的，还应当依法认定其 物权效力，以增强中小微企业融资能力，有效缓解中小微企业融资 难、融资贵问题。 |
| (4) Regulating and promoting financing modes directly serving the real economy and expanding the channels connect the finance with the real economy. The financing mode integrating finance lease, factoring and other financial capital with the real economy shall be protected in accordance with the law, and financial capital shall be supported and guaranteed to serve the real economy. Where a contract is a financing lease or factoring contract in name but a lending contract in fact, the rights and obligations of each party shall be determined according to the lending contractual relationship actually constituted, so as to prevent parties from raising the cost of financing in the real economy in disguise by deducting rental or deposit in advance or any other means. | | 4.规范和促进直接服务实体经济的融资方式，拓宽金融对接 实体经济的渠道。依法保护融资租赁、保理等金融资本与实体经 济相结合的融资模式，支持和保障金融资本服务实体经济。对名 为融资租赁合同、保理合同，实为借款合同的，应当按照实际构成 的借款合同关系确定各方的权利义务，防范当事人以预扣租金、保 证金等方式变相抬高实体经济融资成本。 |
| (5) Optimizing the rule of law environment of the multi-tier capital market system to satisfy diverse financial demands. Securities or futures civil and commercial disputes cases shall be tried in accordance with the law, the order of investment and financing on capital markets shall be regulated, and the allocation of more financial resources in the key fields and weak parts of economic and social development shall be guided, so as to meet the diverse financial demands of the real economy. | | 5. 优化多层次资本市场体系的法治环境，满足多样化金融需求。依法审理证券、期货民商事纠纷案件，规范资本市场投融资秩序，引导把更多金融资源配置到经济社会发展的重点领域和薄弱 环节，更好满足实体经济多样化的金融需求。 |
| (6) Accurately applying the Insurance Law and promoting the use of the function of long-term sound risk management and guarantee of the insurance industry. Insurance contract dispute cases shall be properly tried to protect the interests of parties in accordance with the law. The essential functions of the insurance system shall be fully used, and natural disasters, accidents, legal liability, credit and other risks in the operation of the real economy shall be managed and pooled. The conduct of various market participants including parties to insurance contract disputes and insurance agents shall be regulated in accordance with the law, moral hazards of different parties shall be prevented, so as to develop an insurance honesty legal system. | | 6.准确适用保险法，促进保险业发挥长期稳健风险管理和保 障的功能。妥善审理保险合同纠纷案件，依法保障各方当事人利 益。充分发挥保险制度的核心功能，管理和分散实体经济运行中 的自然灾害、意外事故、法律责任以及信用等风险。依法规范保险 合同纠纷当事人、保险中介等各类市场主体行为，防范不同主体的 道德风险，构建保险诚信法治体系。 |
(7) Lawfully trying internet finance dispute cases and developing internet finance in a regulated manner. The specific legal relationships involved in internet finance shall be lawfully determined and thus used as a basis to determine the rights and obligations of each party. The brokerage contractual relationship between online lending information intermediary agencies and parties to online lending contracts shall be accurately delimited. The form of brokerage fee by which an online lending information intermediary agency and the lender dodge the provisions on judicial protection of the upper limit of private lending interest rates shall be determined to be null. Illegal criminal acts relating to or in the name of internet finance shall be strictly cracked down upon, so as to regulate and ensure the sound development of internet finance.
．．．．．． | | 7.依法审理互联网金融纠纷案件，规范发展互联网金融。依 法认定互联网金融所涉具体法律关系，据此确定各方当事人的权 利义务。准确界定网络借贷信息中介机构与网络借贷合同当事人 之间的居间合同关系。网络借贷信息中介机构与出借人以居间费 用形式规避民间借贷利率司法保护上限规定的，应当认定无效。 依法严厉打击涉互联网金融或者以互联网金融名义进行的违法犯 罪行为，规范和保障互联网金融健康发展。
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