| Opinions of the Supreme People's Court on Improving and Perfecting the Working Mechanism of the Judicial Committee of People's Courts | | 最高人民法院关于健全完善人民法院审判委员会工作机制的意见 |
| (No. 20 [2019] of the Supreme People's Court) | | （法发〔2019〕20号） |
| For purposes of implementing the overall arrangements of the CPC Central Committee for deepening the comprehensive supporting reform of the judicial system, improving and perfecting the working mechanism for the judicial committees of people's courts and further comprehensively implementing the judicial accountability system, these Opinions are developed in accordance with the Organic Law of the People's Courts, the Criminal Procedure Law, the Civil Procedure Law, the Administrative Procedure Law and other laws and judicial interpretations and in light of the actual practice of people's courts. | | 为贯彻落实中央关于深化司法体制综合配套改革的总体部署，健全完善人民法院审判委员会工作机制，进一步全面落实司法责任制，根据人民法院组织法、刑事诉讼法、民事诉讼法、行政诉讼法等法律及司法解释规定，结合人民法院工作实际，制定本意见。 |
| I. Basic Principles | | 一、基本原则 |
| 1. Adhering to the leadership of the Party. Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in a New Era shall be adhered to as the guidance, the “consciousness of the need to maintain political integrity, think in big-picture terms, follow the leadership core, and keep in alignment” shall be enhanced, the “confidence in the path, theory, system, and culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics” shall be firmly developed, “defending the status of General Secretary Xi Jinping as the core of the CPC Central Committee and the whole Party and the authority and centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee” shall be achieved, the Party's absolute leadership over the work of people's courts shall be adhered to, the path of the socialist rule of law with Chinese characteristics shall be unswervingly taken, and the socialist judicial system shall be made more fair, efficient and authoritative. | | 1.坚持党的领导。坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，增强“四个意识”、坚定“四个自信”、做到“两个维护”，坚持党对人民法院工作的绝对领导，坚定不移走中国特色社会主义法治道路，健全公正高效权威的社会主义司法制度。 |
| 2. Upholding democratic centralism. The integral combination of giving full play to democracy and correctly practicing centralism shall be adhered to, and the procedures and rules of procedures of the judicial committees shall be improved and perfected, so as to ensure that the members of the judicial committees express their opinions in an objective, fair, independent and equal manner, prevent and overcome the failure to render a judgment through deliberation or the failure to enforce a judgment that has been rendered, and effectively maximize the advantage of democratic centralism. | | 2.实行民主集中制。坚持充分发扬民主和正确实行集中有机结合，健全完善审判委员会议事程序和议事规则，确保审判委员会委员客观、公正、独立、平等发表意见，防止和克服议而不决、决而不行，切实发挥民主集中制优势。 |
| 3. Following the law of justice. The staffing of the judicial committee shall be optimized, the functions of the judicial committee shall be positioned in a scientific way, the operation mechanism for the judicial committees shall be improved, the judicial accountability system shall be fully implemented, and the establishment of a working mechanism featuring clear powers and responsibilities, unified powers and responsibilities, efficient operation and effective supervision shall be promoted. | | 3.遵循司法规律。优化审判委员会人员组成，科学定位审判委员会职能，健全审判委员会运行机制，全面落实司法责任制，推动建立权责清晰、权责统一、运行高效、监督有力的工作机制。 |
| 4. Abiding by judicial justice. The experience from the judicial committee system reform shall be conscientiously summarized, the working mechanism shall be continuously improved, taking facts as the basis and laws as the criterion shall be adhered to, strict and fair justice shall be adhered to, the unity of procedural justice and substantive justice shall be insisted on, and the functions of the judicial committees shall be maximized, and efforts shall be exercised so that the public can see in every judicial case that justice is served. | | 4.恪守司法公正。认真总结审判委员会制度改革经验，不断完善工作机制，坚持以事实为根据、以法律为准绳，坚持严格公正司法，坚持程序公正和实体公正相统一，充分发挥审判委员会职能作用，努力让人民群众在每一个司法案件中感受到公平正义。 |
| II. Organizational Structure | | 二、组织构成 |
| 5. People's courts at all levels shall set up judicial committees. A judicial committee shall consist of members in an odd number, including a president, a vice president, and several senior judges. | | 5.各级人民法院设审判委员会。审判委员会由院长、副院长和若干资深法官组成，成员应当为单数。 |
| A judicial committee may have full-time members. | | 审判委员会可以设专职委员。 |
| 6. Meetings of a judicial committee are divided into plenary meetings and meetings of professional committees. | | 6.审判委员会会议分为全体会议和专业委员会会议。 |
| Meetings of professional committees are a form of meetings and a working method of the judicial committee. A people's court at or above the intermediate level may, according to the needs of the trial work, hold criminal trials, civil administrative trials and other meetings of professional committees. | | 专业委员会会议是审判委员会的一种会议形式和工作方式。中级以上人民法院根据审判工作需要，可以召开刑事审判、民事行政审判等专业委员会会议。 |
| Members of meetings of professional committees of a people's court shall be determined on the basis of the professions and division of work of members of the judicial committee of the court. Members of the judicial committee may attend different meetings of professional committees. The number of all members of meetings of professional committees shall exceed half of that of all members of the judicial committee. | | 专业委员会会议组成人员应当根据审判委员会委员的专业和工作分工确定。审判委员会委员可以参加不同的专业委员会会议。专业委员会会议全体组成人员应当超过审判委员会全体委员的二分之一。 |
| III. Functions | | 三、职能定位 |
| 7. The main functions of a judicial committee shall include: | | 7.审判委员会的主要职能是： |
| (1) Summing up the trial work experience. | | （1）总结审判工作经验； |
| (2) Deliberating and deciding on the application of laws in major, difficult and complicated cases. | | （2）讨论决定重大、疑难、复杂案件的法律适用； |
| (3) Deliberating and deciding on whether the judgments, rulings and mediation documents of the court that have come into force should be re-tried. | | （3）讨论决定本院已经发生法律效力的判决、裁定、调解书是否应当再审； |
| (4) Deliberating and deciding on other major issues relevant to trial. | | （4）讨论决定其他有关审判工作的重大问题。 |
| The Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court shall unify the application of laws by such means as development of judicial interpretations and regulatory documents and issuance of guiding cases. | | 最高人民法院审判委员会通过制定司法解释、规范性文件及发布指导性案例等方式，统一法律适用。 |
| 8. A people's court at any level shall submit the following cases to the judicial committee for deliberation and decision: | | 8.各级人民法院审理的下列案件，应当提交审判委员会讨论决定： |
(1) Sensitive cases involving national security, foreign affairs or social stability as well as major, difficult or complicated cases.
．．．．．． | | （1）涉及国家安全、外交、社会稳定等敏感案件和重大、疑难、复杂案件；
．．．．．． |
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