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Guiding Case No. 92 of the Supreme People's Court: Laizhou Jinhai Seed Industry Co., Ltd. v. Zhangye Fukai Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (Case about dispute over infringement upon the right to a new plant variety)
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指导案例92号：莱州市金海种业有限公司诉张掖市富凯农业科技有限责任公司侵犯植物新品种权纠纷案
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| Guiding Case No. 92 of the Supreme People's Court: Laizhou Jinhai Seed Industry Co., Ltd. v. Zhangye Fukai Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (Case about dispute over infringement upon the right to a new plant variety) | | 指导案例92号：莱州市金海种业有限公司诉张掖市富凯农业科技有限责任公司侵犯植物新品种权纠纷案 |
| (Issued on November 15, 2017 as deliberated and adopted by the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court) | | （最高人民法院审判委员会讨论通过 2017年11月15日发布） |
| Guiding Case No. 92 | | 指导案例92号 |
| Keywords | | 【关键词】 |
civil; infringement upon the right to a new plant variety; identification of corn varieties; DNA fingerprint testing; similar varieties; burden of proof | | 民事/侵犯植物新品种权/玉米品种鉴定/ DNA指纹检测/近似品种/举证责任 |
| Key Points of Judgment | | 【裁判要点】 |
| In accordance with the provisions of the Standards for Testing and Determination of DNA Fingerprint Methods of Corn Varieties NY/T1432-2007 (an agricultural industry standard of the People's Republic of China), where the number of difference loci between varieties is 1, it may be identified that the varieties are identical ones; where the number of difference loci is not less than 2, it may be identified that the varieties are different ones. If the number of difference loci between varieties is 1, it is insufficient to identify that the varieties are identical ones. Where the number of difference loci is not more than 2, other factors should be taken into full account for identifying whether they are different varieties, for example, additional tests by expanding testing loci and submission of approved samples for testing, and the burden of proof should be borne by the alleged infringing party. | | 依据中华人民共和国农业行业标准《玉米品种鉴定DNA指纹方法》NY/T1432-2007 检测及判定标准的规定，品种间差异位点数等于1，判定为近似品种；品种间差异位点数大于等于2，判定为不同品种。品种间差异位点数等于1，不足以认定不是同一品种。对差异位点数在两个以下的，应当综合其他因素判定是否为不同品种，如可采取扩大检测位点进行加测，以及提交审定样品进行测定等，举证责任由被诉侵权一方承担。 |
| Legal Provisions | | 【相关法条】 |
| Articles 16 and 17 of the Regulation of the People's Republic of China on Protection of New Varieties of Plants | | 《中华人民共和国植物新品种保护条例 |
| Basic Facts | | 【基本案情】 |
On November 1, 2003, with the approval of the Ministry of Agriculture, “Jinhai 5” was granted the right to a new plant variety of the People's Republic of China with the variety No. CNA20010074.2 and the variety owner Laizhou Jinhai Crops Research Co., Ltd. On January 8, 2010, the owner of the variety authorized Laizhou Jinhai Seed Industry Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Jinhai Seed Industry Company”) to exclusively engage in the production and operation of the corn hybrid “Jinhai 5” and authorized Jinhai Seed Industry Company to independently file a lawsuit in its own name for infringement of producing and selling the variety without licensing. In 2011, Zhangye Fukai Agricultural Science and Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Fukai Company”) conducted production of hybrid corn seeds in Cooperatives No. 8 and No. 11 of Gucheng Village, Shajing Township, Ganzhou District, Zhangye City. Jinhai Seed Industry Company filed a lawsuit with the Intermediate People's Court of Zhangye City on the ground that Fukai Company's production of hybrid corn seeds infringed upon its right to the new plant variety of “Jinhai 5.” After accepting the lawsuit, according to the application of Jinhai Seed Industry Company, on September 13, 2011, the Intermediate People's Court of Zhangye City extracted the corn ears randomly from living plants of the alleged infringing corns cultivated in Cooperatives No. 8 and No. 11 of Gucheng Village, Shajing Township, conducted evidence preservation by means of on-site safe-keeping, and authorized the Corn Seed Testing Center of the Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry to conduct the comparison and identification of the extracted samples and the standard samples of “Jinhai 5” preserved in the New Plant Variety Preservation Center of the New Plant Variety Protection Office of the Ministry of Agriculture. The testing report issued by the Corn Seed Testing Center concluded that “there was no significant difference.”
．．．．．． | | 2003年1月1日，经农业部核准，“金海5号”被授予中华人民共和国植物新品种权，品种号为：CNA20010074.2，品种权人为莱州市金海农作物研究有限公司。2010年1月8日，品种权人授权莱州市金海种业有限公司（以下简称“金海种业公司”）独家生产经营玉米杂交种“金海5号”，并授权金海种业公司对擅自生产销售该品种的侵权行为，可以以自己的名义独立提起诉讼。2011年，张掖市富凯农业科技有限责任公司（以下简称“富凯公司”）在张掖市甘州区沙井镇古城村八社、十一社进行玉米制种。金海种业公司以富凯公司的制种行为侵害其“金海5号”玉米植物新品种权为由向张掖市中级人民法院（以下简称“张掖中院”）提起诉讼。张掖中院受理后，根据金海种业公司的申请，于2011年9月13日对沙井镇古城村八社、十一社种植的被控侵权玉米以活体玉米植株上随机提取玉米果穗，现场封存的方式进行证据保全，并委托北京市农科院玉米种子检测中心对被提取的样品与农业部植物新品种保护办公室植物新品种保藏中心保存的“金海5号”标准样品之间进行对比鉴定。该鉴定中心出具的检测报告结论为“无明显差异”。
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