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No. 8 of Ten Model Cases regarding Environmental Public Interest Litigations Published by the Supreme People's Court: People's Procuratorate of Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province v. Xuzhou Hongshun Papermaking Co., Ltd. (Civil public interest litigation regarding water pollution)
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最高人民法院发布十起环境公益诉讼典型案例之八：江苏省徐州市人民检察院诉徐州市鸿顺造纸有限公司水污染民事公益诉讼案
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No. 8 of Ten Model Cases regarding Environmental Public Interest Litigations Published by the Supreme People's Court: People's Procuratorate of Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province v. Xuzhou Hongshun Papermaking Co., Ltd. (Civil public interest litigation regarding water pollution)
(Civil public interest litigation regarding water pollution)
最高人民法院发布十起环境公益诉讼典型案例之八：江苏省徐州市人民检察院诉徐州市鸿顺造纸有限公司水污染民事公益诉讼案
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| No. 8 of Ten Model Cases regarding Environmental Public Interest Litigations Published by the Supreme People's Court: People's Procuratorate of Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province v. Xuzhou Hongshun Papermaking Co., Ltd. (Civil public interest litigation regarding water pollution) | | 最高人民法院发布十起环境公益诉讼典型案例之八：江苏省徐州市人民检察院诉徐州市鸿顺造纸有限公司水污染民事公益诉讼案 |
| [Basic Facts] The competent department of environmental protection has repeatedly identified that Xuzhou Hongshun Papermaking Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Hongshun Company”) discharged production sewage to the Subei Dike River connecting to the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal through privately-set subsurface drainage pipes. The chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonia nitrogen, total phosphorus, and other pollutant indicators in the sewage exceeded the prescribed standards. The Environmental Protection Bureau of Tongshan District, Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province had imposed administrative penalties on Hongshun Company twice. On December 28, 2015, as a public interest litigant, the People's Procuratorate of Xuzhou City instituted an environmental civil public interest litigation in the Intermediate People's Court of Xuzhou City and requested the Court to order that Hongshun Company should restore the environment of the Subei Dike River damaged by the pollution to the original state and compensate for service function losses during the period from damage of the ecological environment to the restoration to the original state; if Hongshun Company failed to restore the environment to the original state, the People's Procuratorate of Xuzhou City requested the Court to order that Hongshun Company should assume the compensation liability at three to five times of the benchmark that the expenses for restoring the ecological environment per 2,600 tons of sewage amounted to CNY269,100. | | 【基本案情】鸿顺公司多次被环境保护主管机关查获以私设暗管方式向连通京杭运河的苏北堤河排放生产废水，废水的化学需氧量、氨氮、总磷等污染物指标均超标。徐州市铜山区环境保护局曾两次对鸿顺公司予以行政处罚。徐州市人民检察院作为公益诉讼人，于2015年12月28日向徐州市中级人民法院提起环境民事公益诉讼，请求判令鸿顺公司将被污染损害的苏北堤河环境恢复原状，并赔偿生态环境受到损害至恢复原状期间的服务功能损失；如鸿顺公司无法恢复原状，请求判令其以2600吨废水的生态环境修复费用26.91万元为基准，以该基准的三倍至五倍承担赔偿责任。 |
| ．．．．．． | | 【裁判结果】徐州市中级人民法院一审认为，鸿顺公司排放废水污染环境，应当承担环境污染责任。根据已查明的环境污染事实、鸿顺公司的主观过错程度、防治污染设备的运行成本、生态环境恢复的难易程度、生态环境的服务功能等因素，可酌情确定该公司应当承担的生态环境修复费用及生态环境受到损害至恢复原状期间的服务功能损失，遂判决鸿顺公司赔偿生态环境修复费用及服务功能损失共计105.82万元。宣判后，鸿顺公司以一审公益诉讼人徐州市人民检察院为被上诉人提起上诉。江苏省高级人民法院二审认为，污染物排放点的环境质量已经达标不能作为鸿顺公司拒绝承担生态环境修复费用的理由，一审判决以2.035倍作为以虚拟治理成本法计算生态环境修复费用的系数并无不当，以查明的鸿顺公司排放废水量的四倍计算生态环境修复费用具有事实和法律依据。二审判决驳回上诉，维持原判。 |
| | 【典型意义】该案是全国人大常委会授权检察机关试点提起公益诉讼以来人民法院依法受理的首批民事公益诉讼案件，也是人民法院审理的第一起检察机关试点提起公益诉讼的二审案件。一审法院注重司法公开，体现公众参与，合议庭由审判员和人民陪审员共同组成，庭审向社会公开并进行视频、文字同步直播。庭审时邀请专家辅助人就环境保护专业技术问题提出专家意见，较好地解决了环境资源案件科学性和公正性的衔接问题。该案尝试根据被告违法排污的主观过错程度、排污行为的隐蔽性以及环境损害后果等因素，合理确定带有一定惩罚性质的生态环境修复费用，加大污染企业违法成本，有助于从源头上遏制企业违法排污。二审法院依据《民事诉讼法》《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于授权最高人民检察院在部分地区开展公益诉讼试点工作的决定》审理检察机关提起公益诉讼的二审案件，对于完善该类案件二审程序规则起到了示范作用。 |
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