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| State Compensation Law of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国国家赔偿法 |
(Adopted at the Seventh Session of the Standing Committee of the Eighth National People's Congress on May 12, 1994, amended according to the Decision of the 14th Session of the Standing Committee of the Eleventh National Congress Concerning Amendment to State Compensation Law of the People's Republic of China on April 29, 2010 ) | |
（１９９４年５月１２日第八届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第七次会议通过 根据２０１０年４月２９日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十四次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国国家赔偿法〉的决定》修正） |
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| Contents | | 目录 |
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| CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS | | 第一章 总则 |
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| CHAPTER II ADMINISTRATIVE COMPENSATION | | 第二章 行政赔偿 |
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| SECTION 1 SCOPE OF COMPENSATION | | 第一节 赔偿范围 |
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| SECTION 2 CLAIMANTS TO COMPENSATION AND ORGANS LIABLE FOR COMPENSATION | | 第二节 赔偿请求人和赔偿义务机关 |
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| SECTION 3 COMPENSATORY PROCEDURE | | 第三节 赔偿程序 |
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| CHAPTER III CRIMINAL COMPENSATION | | 第三章 刑事赔偿 |
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| SECTION 1 SCOPE OF COMPENSATION | | 第一节 赔偿范围 |
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| SECTION 2 CLAIMANTS TO COMPENSATION AND ORGANS LIABLE FOR COMPENSATION | | 第二节 赔偿请求人和赔偿义务机关 |
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| SECTION 3 COMPENSATORY PROCEDURE | | 第三节 赔偿程序 |
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| CHAPTER IV FORMS AND ASSESSMENT OF COMPENSATION | | 第四章 赔偿方式和计算标准 |
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| CHAPTER V OTHER PROVISIONS | | 第五章 其他规定 |
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| CHAPTER VI SUPPLEMENTARY PROVISIONS | | 第六章 附则 |
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| | 第一章 总则 |
| CHAPTER I GENERAL PROVISIONS | |
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| | 第一条 为保障公民、法人和其他组织享有依法取得国家赔偿的权利，促进国家机关依法行使职权，根据宪法，制定本法。 |
| Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution with a view to safeguarding the right of citizens, legal persons and other organizations to State compensation according to law, and promoting the exercise by State organs of their functions and powers according to law. | |
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| | 第二条 国家机关和国家机关工作人员行使职权，有本法规定的侵犯公民、法人和其他组织合法权益的情形，造成损害的，受害人有依照本法取得国家赔偿的权利。 |
| Article 2 Where, in performing its/his functions, any state organ or state functionary commits any infringement upon the legitimate rights and interests of a citizen, a legal person or any other organization as prescribed in this Law, causing any damage, the victim shall be entitled to state compensation in accordance with this Law. | |
本法规定的赔偿义务机关，应当依照本法及时履行赔偿义务。 |
An organ obligated to make compensation as prescribed in this Law shall perform the obligation of compensation in a timely manner in accordance with this Law. | |
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| | 第二章 行政赔偿 |
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| CHAPTER II ADMINISTRATIVE COMPENSATION | | 第一节 赔偿范围 |
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| | 第三条 行政机关及其工作人员在行使行政职权时有下列侵犯人身权情形之一的，受害人有取得赔偿的权利： |
| SECTION 1 SCOPE OF COMPENSATION | |
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| | （一）违法拘留或者违法采取限制公民人身自由的行政强制措施的； |
| Article 3 The victim shall have the right to compensation if an administrative organ or its functionaries, in exercising their administrative functions and powers, commit any of the following acts infringing upon the right of the person of a citizen: | |
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| | （二）非法拘禁或者以其他方法非法剥夺公民人身自由的； |
| (1) Detaining a citizen in violation of the law or unlawfully taking compulsory administrative measures in restraint of his personal freedom; | |
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| | （三）以殴打、虐待等行为或者唆使、放纵他人以殴打、虐待等行为造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的； |
| (2) Unlawfully taking a citizen into custody or depriving him of his right of the person by other unlawful means; | |
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| | （四）违法使用武器、警械造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的； |
| (3) causing bodily injury or death to a citizen by battery, maltreatment, etc. or by instigating or conniving at battery, maltreatment, etc. by another person; | |
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| | （五）造成公民身体伤害或者死亡的其他违法行为。 |
| (4) Unlawfully using weapons or police restraint implements, thereby causing bodily injury or death to a citizen; or | |
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| | 第四条 行政机关及其工作人员在行使行政职权时有下列侵犯财产权情形之一的，受害人有取得赔偿的权利： |
| (5) Other unlawful acts causing bodily injury or death to a citizen. | |
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| | （一）违法实施罚款、吊销许可证和执照、责令停产停业、没收财物等行政处罚的； |
| Article 4 The victim shall have the right to compensation if an administrative organ or its functionaries, in exercising their functions and powers, commit any of the following acts infringing upon property right: | |
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| | （二）违法对财产采取查封、扣押、冻结等行政强制措施的； |
| (1) Illegally inflicting administrative sanctions such as imposition of fines, revocation of certificates and licences, ordering suspension of production and business, or confiscation of property; | |
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| | （三）违法征收、征用财产的； |
| (2) Illegally implementing compulsory administrative measures such as sealing up, distraining or freezing property; | |
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| | （四）造成财产损害的其他违法行为。 |
| (3) illegally expropriating or requisitioning property; or | |
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| | 第五条 属于下列情形之一的，国家不承担赔偿责任： |
| (4) Other illegal acts causing damage to property. | |
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| | （一）行政机关工作人员与行使职权无关的个人行为； |
| Article 5 The State shall not be liable for compensation in any of the following circumstances: | |
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| | （二）因公民、法人和其他组织自己的行为致使损害发生的； |
| (1) Individual acts of a functionary of an administrative organ, which have nothing to do with the exercise of his functions and powers; | |
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| | （三）法律规定的其他情形。 |
| (2) Damage arisen from acts done by citizens, legal persons or other organizations themselves; or | |
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| | 第二节 赔偿请求人和赔偿义务机关 |
| (3) Other circumstances provided by law. | |
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| | 第六条 受害的公民、法人和其他组织有权要求赔偿。 |
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受害的公民死亡，其继承人和其他有扶养关系的亲属有权要求赔偿。 |
| SECTION 2 CLAIMANTS TO COMPENSATION AND ORGANS LIABLE FOR COMPENSATION | |
受害的法人或者其他组织终止的，其权利承受人有权要求赔偿。 |
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| Article 6 Victimized citizens, legal persons or other organizations shall have the right to demand compensation. | | 第七条 行政机关及其工作人员行使行政职权侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的，该行政机关为赔偿义务机关。 |
In case of death of a victim, his heirs or other relatives in maintenance relationship with him shall have the right to demand compensation. | |
两个以上行政机关共同行使行政职权时侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的，共同行使行政职权的行政机关为共同赔偿义务机关。 |
Where the grieved legal person or any other organization is terminated, the successor to the rights thereof shall be entitled to claim compensation. | |
法律、法规授权的组织在行使授予的行政权力时侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的，被授权的组织为赔偿义务机关。 |
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受行政机关委托的组织或者个人在行使受委托的行政权力时侵犯公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益造成损害的，委托的行政机关为赔偿义务机关。 |
| Article 7 Where an administrative organ and its functionaries, in exercising their administrative powers, infringe upon the lawful rights and interests of a citizen, a legal person or other organizations, thereby causing damage to them, the administrative organ shall be the organ liable for compensation. | |
赔偿义务机关被撤销的，继续行使其职权的行政机关为赔偿义务机关；没有继续行使其职权的行政机关的，撤销该赔偿义务机关的行政机关为赔偿义务机关。 |
Where two or more than two administrative organs in jointly exercising their administrative functions and powers infringe upon the lawful rights and interests of a citizen or a legal person or other organizations, thereby causing damage to them, the administrative organs jointly exercising their administrative functions and powers shall be the organs jointly liable for compensation. | |
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Where an organization in exercising the administrative powers conferred on it by law, rules and regulations infringe upon the lawful rights and interests of a citizen or a legal person or other organizations, thereby causing damage to them, the empowered organization shall be the organization liable for compensation. | | 第八条 经复议机关复议的，最初造成侵权行为的行政机关为赔偿义务机关，但复议机关的复议决定加重损害的，复议机关对加重的部分履行赔偿义务。 |
Where an organization or an individual, in exercising the administrative powers entrusted to it or him by an administrative organ, infringes upon the lawful rights and interests of a citizen or a legal person or other organizations, thereby causing damage to them, the administrative organ that did the entrustment shall be the organ liable for compensation. | |
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Where an organ liable for compensation has been abolished, the administrative organ that continues to exercise the former's functions and powers shall be the organ liable for compensation; if there is no administrative organ that continues to exercise the former's functions and powers, the administrative organ that abolished the former organ shall be the organ liable for compensation. | | |
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| Article 8 If reconsideration of a case has been made, the administrative organ that first did the tortious act shall be the organ liable for compensation; however, if the outcome of the reconsideration aggravates the damage, the organ undertaking the reconsideration of the case shall carry out its compensatory obligations as regards the increased portion of damages. | | 第九条 赔偿义务机关有本法第三条、第四条规定情形之一的，应当给予赔偿。 |
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赔偿请求人要求赔偿，应当先向赔偿义务机关提出，也可以在申请行政复议或者提起行政诉讼时一并提出。 |
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| SECTION 3 COMPENSATORY PROCEDURE | | 第十条 赔偿请求人可以向共同赔偿义务机关中的任何一个赔偿义务机关要求赔偿，该赔偿义务机关应当先予赔偿。 |
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| Article 9 Where an organ obligated to make compensation falls under any of the circumstances as prescribed in Articles 3 and 4 of this Law, it shall make compensation. | | 第十一条 赔偿请求人根据受到的不同损害，可以同时提出数项赔偿要求。 |
A compensation claimant shall firstly apply for compensation to the organ obligated to make compensation, and may also file a claim for compensation along with other claims when applying for administrative reconsideration or bringing an administrative lawsuit. | |
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| | 第十二条 要求赔偿应当递交申请书，申请书应当载明下列事项： |
| Article 10 A claimant to compensation may demand compensation from any of the organs jointly liable for it, and the organ approached by him for the purpose shall first make the compensation. | |
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| | （一）受害人的姓名、性别、年龄、工作单位和住所，法人或者其他组织的名称、住所和法定代表人或者主要负责人的姓名、职务； |
| Article 11 A claimant to compensation may, in light of the difference in nature of the damage suffered, make separate claims simultaneously for compensation of the damages. | |
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| | （二）具体的要求、事实根据和理由； |
| Article 12 For the purpose of claiming damages, an application in writing shall be made, giving the following particulars: | |
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| | （三）申请的年、月、日。 |
| (1) Name, sex, age, work unit and address of the victim; if the victim is a legal person or other organization, its name and address as well as the name and post of its legal representative or of the person chiefly responsible for the entity; | |
赔偿请求人书写申请书确有困难的，可以委托他人代书；也可以口头申请，由赔偿义务机关记入笔录。 |
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赔偿请求人不是受害人本人的，应当说明与受害人的关系，并提供相应证明。 |
| (2) Concrete statement of the claim, factual grounds and reasons; and | |
赔偿请求人当面递交申请书的，赔偿义务机关应当当场出具加盖本行政机关专用印章并注明收讫日期的书面凭证。申请材料不齐全的，赔偿义务机关应当当场或者在五日内一次性告知赔偿请求人需要补正的全部内容。 |
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| (3) Date, month and year of the application. | | 第十三条 赔偿义务机关应当自收到申请之日起两个月内，作出是否赔偿的决定。赔偿义务机关作出赔偿决定，应当充分听取赔偿请求人的意见，并可以与赔偿请求人就赔偿方式、赔偿项目和赔偿数额依照本法第四章的规定进行协商。 |
If the claimant has true difficulty in writing an application, he may entrust another person with its writing, or may make the application orally, which shall be transcribed and put into the record by the organ liable for compensation. | |
赔偿义务机关决定赔偿的，应当制作赔偿决定书，并自作出决定之日起十日内送达赔偿请求人。 |
Where the compensation claimant is not the victim, it/he shall show its/his relationship with the victim and provide a corresponding certification. | |
赔偿义务机关决定不予赔偿的，应当自作出决定之日起十日内书面通知赔偿请求人，并说明不予赔偿的理由。 |
Where a compensation claimant files an application in person, the organ obligated to make compensation shall issue on the spot a written certificate to which the special seal of the administrative organ is affixed and on which the date of receipt is indicated. If the application materials are incomplete, the organ obligated to make compensation shall, on the spot or within five days, notify the compensation claimant of all necessary supplements and corrections at one time. | |
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| | 第十四条 赔偿义务机关在规定期限内未作出是否赔偿的决定，赔偿请求人可以自期限届满之日起三个月内，向人民法院提起诉讼。
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