| Opinions of the State Council on Promoting the Innovative Development of Cloud Computing and Cultivating New Business Forms of the Information Industry | | 国务院关于促进云计算创新发展培育信息产业新业态的意见 |
| (No. 5 [2015] of the State Council) | | （国发〔2015〕5号） |
| The people's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government; all ministries and commissions of the State Council; and all institutions directly under the State Council: | | 各省、自治区、直辖市人民政府，国务院各部委、各直属机构： |
| Cloud computing is a new business form that promotes the supply of information technology capability as required and accelerates the sufficient utilization of information technologies and data resources, and is the significant reform and inevitable trend of information development. The development of cloud computing is conducive to sharing information knowledge and innovation resources, reducing the entrepreneurship cost of the entire society, cultivating and forming the new industry and new consumption hot spots, and is significant to the steady growth, structural adjustment, livelihood improvement and construction of an innovative country. At present, global cloud computing is at the early stage of development, China is facing rare opportunities, but it also has the problems such as relatively weak service capability, relatively large gap in core technologies, insufficient opening and sharing of information resources, and prominent information security challenges, and the early sign of paying too much attention to construction but less attention to application and disorderly development of data centers has preliminarily appeared. For purposes of promoting the innovative development of cloud computing in China and positively cultivating new business forms of the information industry, the following opinions are hereby offered. | | 云计算是推动信息技术能力实现按需供给、促进信息技术和数据资源充分利用的全新业态，是信息化发展的重大变革和必然趋势。发展云计算，有利于分享信息知识和创新资源，降低全社会创业成本，培育形成新产业和新消费热点，对稳增长、调结构、惠民生和建设创新型国家具有重要意义。当前，全球云计算处于发展初期，我国面临难得的机遇，但也存在服务能力较薄弱、核心技术差距较大、信息资源开放共享不够、信息安全挑战突出等问题，重建设轻应用、数据中心无序发展苗头初步显现。为促进我国云计算创新发展，积极培育信息产业新业态，现提出以下意见。 |
| I. Guiding thoughts, basic principles and development goals | | 一、指导思想、基本原则和发展目标 |
| (1) Guiding thoughts. | | （一）指导思想。 |
| You shall adapt to the needs for the promotion of new industrialization, informatization, urbanization, agricultural modernization and modernization of the state's governance capability, take the comprehensive deepening of reform as the driving force as well as capability enhancement and in-depth application as the main line to improve the development environment, cultivate backbone enterprises, innovate on service modes, expand application fields, reinforce technical support, guarantee information security, optimize the layout of facilities, promote the innovative development of cloud computing, cultivate new business forms of the information industry, and efficiently utilize information resources, so as to provide vigorous support for promoting entrepreneurship and development and releasing innovative vigor, and motivate the sustainable and sound development of economy and society. | | 适应推进新型工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化和国家治理能力现代化的需要，以全面深化改革为动力，以提升能力、深化应用为主线，完善发展环境，培育骨干企业，创新服务模式，扩展应用领域，强化技术支撑，保障信息安全，优化设施布局，促进云计算创新发展，培育信息产业新业态，使信息资源得到高效利用，为促进创业兴业、释放创新活力提供有力支持，为经济社会持续健康发展注入新的动力。 |
| (2) Basic principles | | （二）基本原则。 |
| Market orientation. The decisive role of the market in the allocation of resources shall be played, market access rules shall be improved, administrative intervention shall be reduced, and enterprises are encouraged to enrich service types based on market demand, enhance service capability and link to the application market. Fair, open and transparent market rules shall be established, regulatory policies shall be improved, and a good market order shall be maintained. | | 市场主导。发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，完善市场准入制度，减少行政干预，鼓励企业根据市场需求丰富服务种类，提升服务能力，对接应用市场。建立公平开放透明的市场规则，完善监管政策，维护良好市场秩序。 |
| Overall coordination. With demand as the driving force, categorized guidance shall be strengthened, and the coordinated development of application, services and products in key fields shall be promoted. Local areas shall be directed to rationally determine the development positioning of cloud computing based on actual demand, and avoid blind investment with government funds in the construction of data centers and related parks. The integration of information technology resources shall be strengthened, so as to prevent the industry information system from becoming the isolated island of information. The infrastructure layout of cloud computing shall be optimized, so as to promote coordinated regional development. | | 统筹协调。以需求为牵引，加强分类指导，推进重点领域的应用、服务和产品协同发展。引导地方根据实际需求合理确定云计算发展定位，避免政府资金盲目投资建设数据中心和相关园区。加强信息技术资源整合，避免行业信息化系统成为信息孤岛。优化云计算基础设施布局，促进区域协调发展。 |
| Innovation-driven. Enterprises shall be taken as the mainstay, the cooperation of enterprises, universities, research institutes and users shall be strengthened, innovations in key technologies and service modes of cloud computing shall be intensified, and independent innovation capability shall be improved. Active exploration shall be made to strengthen international cooperation, and promote the open innovation and international development of cloud computing. Management innovation shall be strengthened and the development of new business forms is encouraged. | | 创新驱动。以企业为主体，加强产学研用合作，强化云计算关键技术和服务模式创新，提升自主创新能力。积极探索加强国际合作，推动云计算开放式创新和国际化发展。加强管理创新，鼓励新业态发展。 |
| Security guarantee. On the basis of the existing information security guarantee system, the relevant information security rules shall be improved in light of the characteristics of cloud computing, security management and data privacy protection shall be strengthened, security technology support and service capability shall be enhanced, and the security protection system shall be established and improved, so as to effectively guarantee the information security of cloud computing. The big data processing capacity of cloud computing shall be sufficiently utilized so as to drive the development of related security technologies and services. | | 保障安全。在现有信息安全保障体系基础上，结合云计算特点完善相关信息安全制度，强化安全管理和数据隐私保护，增强安全技术支撑和服务能力，建立健全安全防护体系，切实保障云计算信息安全。充分运用云计算的大数据处理能力，带动相关安全技术和服务发展。 |
| (3) Development goals | | （三）发展目标。 |
| By 2017, the application of cloud computing in key fields will be furthered, the industrial chain will be basically complete, and the development pattern of cloud computing featured by effective security protection and cooperative promotion of service innovation, technological innovation and management innovation will be preliminarily formed, so as to drive the rapid development of related industries. | | 到2017年，云计算在重点领域的应用得到深化，产业链条基本健全，初步形成安全保障有力，服务创新、技术创新和管理创新协同推进的云计算发展格局，带动相关产业快速发展。 |
| The service capability will be substantially enhanced. Several backbone service enterprises of public cloud computing with relatively strong innovation capability will be formed. There will be rich types of cloud computing services provided to medium, micro and small enterprises and individuals, and large scale operation will be realized. The integrated capability of the cloud computing system will be remarkably enhanced. | | 服务能力大幅提升。形成若干具有较强创新能力的公共云计算骨干服务企业。面向中小微企业和个人的云计算服务种类丰富，实现规模化运营。云计算系统集成能力显著提升。 |
| The innovation capability will be remarkably enhanced. The original innovation and basic innovation capability will be enhanced, breakthroughs will be made in cloud computing platform software and exabyte (EB, approximately 260 bytes) cloud storage systems, big data excavation analysis as well as a group of key technologies and products, cloud computing technologies will be close to the international advanced level, and the cloud computing standard system will be basically established. The role of service innovation in driving technical innovation will be remarkably enhanced, and the coordinated development of enterprises, universities, research institutes and users will be significantly improved. | | 创新能力明显增强。增强原始创新和基础创新能力，突破云计算平台软件、艾字节（EB，约为260字节）级云存储系统、大数据挖掘分析等一批关键技术与产品，云计算技术接近国际先进水平，云计算标准体系基本建立。服务创新对技术创新的带动作用显著增强，产学研用协同发展水平大幅提高。 |
| The demonstration effects of applications will be remarkable. The disclosure of public data, the integration of information technology resources and the reform of government procurement services will be promoted in several major fields with remarkable social benefits, strong industry driving force and remarkable demonstration role, public cloud computing service resources will be sufficiently utilized to conduct hundreds of cloud computing and big data application demonstration projects, positive achievements will be made in such aspects as lowering the entrepreneurship threshold, serving the livelihood, cultivating new business forms, and exploring new modes of e-government construction, and the number of data centers built by governments will reduce by 5% or more. | | 应用示范成效显著。在社会效益明显、产业带动性强、示范作用突出的若干重点领域推动公共数据开放、信息技术资源整合和政府采购服务改革，充分利用公共云计算服务资源开展百项云计算和大数据应用示范工程，在降低创业门槛、服务民生、培育新业态、探索电子政务建设新模式等方面取得积极成效，政府自建数据中心数量减少5%以上。 |
| Infrastructure will be continually optimized. The regional layout of cloud computing data centers will be primarily optimized, and the power usage effectiveness (PUE) of newly built large cloud computing data centers will be higher than 1.5. The policy environment for broadband development will be gradually promoted, and broadband network infrastructure satisfying the development needs of cloud computing will be primarily established. | | 基础设施不断优化。云计算数据中心区域布局初步优化，新建大型云计算数据中心能源利用效率（PUE）值优于1.5。宽带发展政策环境逐步完善，初步建成满足云计算发展需求的宽带网络基础设施。 |
| Security guarantee will be basically sound. Information security regulatory rules and standard regulatory systems satisfying the development needs of cloud computing will be primarily established, the industry level of safe key technologies and products in cloud computing and network security protection capability will be remarkably enhanced, and the environment for the development of cloud computing will be safer and more reliable. | | 安全保障基本健全。初步建立适应云计算发展需求的信息安全监管制度和标准规范体系，云计算安全关键技术产品的产业化水平和网络安全防护能力明显提升，云计算发展环境更加安全可靠。 |
| By 2020, the application of cloud computing will be basically popularized, cloud computing service capability will reach the international advanced level, key technologies in cloud computing will be mastered, and several backbone cloud computing enterprises with relatively strong international competitiveness will be formed. The cloud computing information security regulatory system and system of laws and regulations will be sound. The big data excavation and analysis capability will be remarkably enhanced. Cloud computing will be an important form of China's informatization and an important support for building a strong network country, and information level in all economic and social fields will be remarkably enhanced. | | 到2020年，云计算应用基本普及，云计算服务能力达到国际先进水平，掌握云计算关键技术，形成若干具有较强国际竞争力的云计算骨干企业。云计算信息安全监管体系和法规体系健全。大数据挖掘分析能力显著提升。云计算成为我国信息化重要形态和建设网络强国的重要支撑，推动经济社会各领域信息化水平大幅提高。 |
II. Major tasks
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