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| compulsionOrder of the President of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国主席令 |
(No. 49) | |
（第四十九号） |
The Administrative Compulsion Law of the People's Republic of China, as adopted at the 21st meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on June 30, 2011, is hereby promulgated and shall come into force on January 1, 2012. | |
《中华人民共和国行政强制法》已由中华人民共和国第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十一次会议于2011年6月30日通过，现予公布，自2012年1月1日起施行。 |
Hu Jintao, President of the People's Republic of China | |
中华人民共和国主席 胡锦涛 |
June 30, 2011 | |
2011年6月30日 |
Administrative Compulsion Law of the People's Republic of China | |
中华人民共和国行政强制法 |
(Adopted at the 21st meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on June 30, 2011) | |
（2011年6月30日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十一次会议通过） |
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| Contents | | 目 录 |
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| Chapter I General Principles | | 第一章 总 则 |
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| Chapter II Types and Setting of Administrative Compulsion | | 第二章 行政强制的种类和设定 |
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| Chapter III Procedures for the Implementation of Administrative Compulsory Measures | | 第三章 行政强制措施实施程序 |
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| Section 1 General Provisions | | 第一节 一般规定 |
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| Section 2 Seizure and Impoundment | | 第二节 查封、扣押 |
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| Section 3 Freezing | | 第三节 冻结 |
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| Chapter IV Procedures for Enforcement by Administrative Organs | | 第四章 行政机关强制执行程序 |
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| Section 1 General Provisions | | 第一节 一般规定 |
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| Section 2 Enforcement of Pecuniary Payment Obligations | | 第二节 金钱给付义务的执行 |
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| Section 3 Performance on Behalf of the Party Concerned | | 第三节 代履行 |
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| Chapter V Application to the People's Court for Enforcement | | 第五章 申请人民法院强制执行 |
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| Chapter VI Legal Liability | | 第六章 法律责任 |
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| Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions | | 第七章 附 则 |
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| Chapter I General Principles | | 第一章 总 则 |
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| Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution for the purposes of regulating the setting and implementation of administrative compulsion, guaranteeing and supervising administrative organs' performance of duties according to law, maintaining public interests and social order and protecting the legitimate rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations. | | 第一条 为了规范行政强制的设定和实施，保障和监督行政机关依法履行职责，维护公共利益和社会秩序，保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益，根据宪法，制定本法。 |
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| Article 2 The term “administrative compulsion” as mentioned in this Law shall include administrativecompulsory measures and administrative enforcement. | | 第二条 本法所称行政强制，包括行政强制措施和行政强制执行。 |
Administrativecompulsory measures refer to the temporary restriction of the personal freedom of citizens or temporary control of the property of citizens, legal persons or other organizations according to law by administrative organs in the process of administration for such purposes as stopping illegal acts, preventing destruction of evidence, avoiding damage and containing expansion of danger. | |
行政强制措施，是指行政机关在行政管理过程中，为制止违法行为、防止证据损毁、避免危害发生、控制危险扩大等情形，依法对公民的人身自由实施暂时性限制，或者对公民、法人或者其他组织的财物实施暂时性控制的行为。 |
Administrative enforcement refers to the performance of obligations as legally enforced by administrative organs or by the people's courts upon applications of administrative organs against citizens, legal persons or other organizations which do not perform administrative decisions. | |
行政强制执行，是指行政机关或者行政机关申请人民法院，对不履行行政决定的公民、法人或者其他组织，依法强制履行义务的行为。 |
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| Article 3 This Law shall apply to the setting and implementation of administrative compulsion. | | 第三条 行政强制的设定和实施，适用本法。 |
In case of occurrence or impending occurrence of any natural disaster, accidental disaster, public health incident, social security incident or other emergency, the emergency response measures or temporary measures taken by administrative organs shall be governed by the relevant laws and administrative regulations. | |
发生或者即将发生自然灾害、事故灾难、公共卫生事件或者社会安全事件等突发事件，行政机关采取应急措施或者临时措施，依照有关法律、行政法规的规定执行。 |
The prudential supervision measures for the financial sector and the mandatory technical monitoring measures for imported and exported goods taken by administrative organs shall be governed by the relevant laws and administrative regulations. | |
行政机关采取金融业审慎监管措施、进出境货物强制性技术监控措施，依照有关法律、行政法规的规定执行。 |
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| Article 4 Administrativecompulsion shall be set and implemented according to the statutory authority, extent, conditions and procedures. | | 第四条 行政强制的设定和实施，应当依照法定的权限、范围、条件和程序。 |
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| Article 5 The setting and implementation of administrativecompulsion shall be appropriate. If the purposes of administration may be achieved by non-compulsory means, no administrativecompulsion shall be set or implemented. | | 第五条 行政强制的设定和实施，应当适当。采用非强制手段可以达到行政管理目的的，不得设定和实施行政强制。 |
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| Article 6 The implementation of administrativecompulsion shall adhere to the combination of education and compulsion. | | 第六条 实施行政强制，应当坚持教育与强制相结合。 |
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| Article 7 Administrative organs and their staff members shall not seek benefits for entities or individuals by taking advantage of administrativecompulsory powers. | | 第七条 行政机关及其工作人员不得利用行政强制权为单位或者个人谋取利益。 |
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| Article 8 A citizen, a legal person or any other organization shall be entitled to make statements or arguments against administrativecompulsion implemented by an administrative organ, be entitled to apply for administrative reconsideration or lodge an administrative lawsuit according to law, and be entitled to compensation for damage suffered from an administrative organ's illegal administrative compulsion. | | 第八条 公民、法人或者其他组织对行政机关实施行政强制，享有陈述权、申辩权；有权依法申请行政复议或者提起行政诉讼；因行政机关违法实施行政强制受到损害的，有权依法要求赔偿。 |
A citizen, a legal person or any other organization which has suffered damage from any illegal act of or expansion of extent of enforcement by the people's court in the process of enforcement shall be entitled to compensation according to law. | |
公民、法人或者其他组织因人民法院在强制执行中有违法行为或者扩大强制执行范围受到损害的，有权依法要求赔偿。 |
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| Chapter II Types and Setting of Administrative Compulsion | | 第二章 行政强制的种类和设定 |
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| Article 9 Types of administrativecompulsory measures: | | 第九条 行政强制措施的种类： |
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| (1) Restricting the personal freedom of a citizen; | | （一）限制公民人身自由； |
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| (2) Seizing premises, facilities or properties; | | （二）查封场所、设施或者财物； |
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| (3) Impounding properties; | | （三）扣押财物； |
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| (4) Freezing deposits or remittances; and | | （四）冻结存款、汇款； |
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| (5) Other administrativecompulsory measures. | | （五）其他行政强制措施。 |
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| Article 10 Administrativecompulsory measures shall be set by law. | | 第十条 行政强制措施由法律设定。 |
For matters which are not included in any law and are subject to the administrative authority of the State Council, administrativecompulsory measures other than those as prescribed in Article 9 (1) and (4) of this Law and those as must be set by law may be set by administrative regulation. | |
尚未制定法律，且属于国务院行政管理职权事项的，行政法规可以设定除本法第九条第一项、第四项和应当由法律规定的行政强制措施以外的其他行政强制措施。 |
For matters which are not included in any law or administrative regulation and are local affairs, administrativecompulsory measures as prescribed in Article 9 (2) and (3) of this Law may be set by local regulation. | |
尚未制定法律、行政法规，且属于地方性事务的，地方性法规可以设定本法第九条第二项、第三项的行政强制措施。 |
No regulatory documents other than laws and regulations may set administrativecompulsory measures. | |
法律、法规以外的其他规范性文件不得设定行政强制措施。 |
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| Article 11 Where a law has provided for the objects, conditions for adoption and types of administrativecompulsory measures, no administrative or local regulation shall provide beyond the extent thereof. | | 第十一条 法律对行政强制措施的对象、条件、种类作了规定的，行政法规、地方性法规不得作出扩大规定。 |
Where no administrativecompulsory measures are set in a law, no administrativecompulsory measures shall be set by administrative or local regulation. However, if a law provides that the specific administrative measures for certain matters shall be provided for by administrative regulation, the administrative regulation may set administrativecompulsory measures other than those as prescribed in Article 9 (1) and (4) of this Law and those that must be set by law. | |
法律中未设定行政强制措施的，行政法规、地方性法规不得设定行政强制措施。但是，法律规定特定事项由行政法规规定具体管理措施的，行政法规可以设定除本法第九条第一项、第四项和应当由法律规定的行政强制措施以外的其他行政强制措施。 |
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| Article 12 Manners of administrative enforcement: | | 第十二条 行政强制执行的方式： |
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| (1) Fines or late fees; | | （一）加处罚款或者滞纳金； |
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| (2) Transfer of deposits or remittances; | | （二）划拨存款、汇款； |
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| (3) Auction or legal disposition of premises, facilities or properties that are seized or impounded; | | （三）拍卖或者依法处理查封、扣押的场所、设施或者财物； |
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| (4) Removal of obstructions or restitution; | | （四）排除妨碍、恢复原状； |
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| (5) Performance on behalf of the party concerned; and | | （五）代履行； |
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| (6) Other manners of enforcement. | | （六）其他强制执行方式。 |
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| Article 13 Administrative enforcement shall be set by law. | | 第十三条 行政强制执行由法律设定。 |
Where enforcement by administrative organs is not provided for by law, the administrative organ making the relevant administrative decision shall apply to the people's court for enforcement. | |
法律没有规定行政机关强制执行的，作出行政决定的行政机关应当申请人民法院强制执行。 |
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| Article 14 In drafting a law or regulation, if administrativecompulsion is to be set, the drafting entity shall hear opinions in such forms as a hearing and a demonstration meeting, and explain the necessity of such administrative compulsion, the possible impacts and the solicitation and adoption of opinions to the organ making the law or regulation. | | 第十四条 起草法律草案、法规草案，拟设定行政强制的，起草单位应当采取听证会、论证会等形式听取意见，并向制定机关说明设定该行政强制的必要性、可能产生的影响以及听取和采纳意见的情况。 |
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| Article 15 The organ setting administrativecompulsion shall regularly review the administrativecompulsion set by it, and timely amend or abolish any inappropriate administrative compulsion. | | 第十五条 行政强制的设定机关应当定期对其设定的行政强制进行评价，并对不适当的行政强制及时予以修改或者废止。 |
The organ implementing administrativecompulsion may review the implementation of the set administrativecompulsion and the necessity of existence thereof in good time, and report its opinion to the organ setting such administrative compulsion. | |
行政强制的实施机关可以对已设定的行政强制的实施情况及存在的必要性适时进行评价，并将意见报告该行政强制的设定机关。 |
Citizens, legal persons and other organizations may submit opinions and suggestions on the setting and implementation of administrativecompulsion to the organs setting or implementing administrative compulsion. The relevant organs shall conduct research and demonstration in earnest, and give feedback in proper manners. | |
公民、法人或者其他组织可以向行政强制的设定机关和实施机关就行政强制的设定和实施提出意见和建议。有关机关应当认真研究论证，并以适当方式予以反馈。 |
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| Chapter III Procedures for the Implementation of AdministrativeCompulsory Measures | | 第三章 行政强制措施实施程序 |
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| Section 1 General Provisions | | 第一节 一般规定 |
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| Article 16 Administrative organs shall, in performing their administrative functions, implement administrativecompulsory measures in accordance with laws and regulations. | | 第十六条 行政机关履行行政管理职责，依照法律、法规的规定，实施行政强制措施。 |
For illegal acts with obviously minor circumstances or without obvious harm to the society, administrative organs may decide not to take administrativecompulsory measures. | |
违法行为情节显著轻微或者没有明显社会危害的，可以不采取行政强制措施。 |
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| Article 17 Administrativecompulsory measures shall be implemented by administrative organs prescribed by laws and regulations within their statutory authority. The power to implement administrativecompulsory measures shall not be delegated. | | 第十七条 行政强制措施由法律、法规规定的行政机关在法定职权范围内实施。行政强制措施权不得委托。 |
Administrative organs which exercise relatively centralized powers of administrative punishment in accordance with the Law of the People's Republic of China on Administrative Punishment may implement administrativecompulsory measures related to their powers of administrative punishment as prescribed by laws and regulations. | |
依据《中华人民共和国行政处罚法》的规定行使相对集中行政处罚权的行政机关，可以实施法律、法规规定的与行政处罚权有关的行政强制措施。 |
Administrativecompulsory measures shall be implemented by the qualified law enforcement personnel of administrative organs only. | |
行政强制措施应当由行政机关具备资格的行政执法人员实施，其他人员不得实施。 |
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| Article 18 In implementing administrativecompulsory measures, an administrative organ shall comply with the following provisions: | | 第十八条 行政机关实施行政强制措施应当遵守下列规定： |
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| (1) Before implementation, a report on implementation shall be submitted to the person in charge of the administrative organ and an approval of implementation shall be obtained. | | （一）实施前须向行政机关负责人报告并经批准； |
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| (2) An administrativecompulsory measure shall be implemented by two or more law enforcement personnel of the administrative organ. | | （二）由两名以上行政执法人员实施； |
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| (3) Law enforcement identity certificates shall be produced. | | （三）出示执法身份证件； |
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| (4) The party concerned shall be notified to be present. | | （四）通知当事人到场； |
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| (5) The party concerned shall be notified on the spot of the reasons and basis for taking the administrativecompulsory measure and the rights of and remedies available to the party concerned according to law. | | （五）当场告知当事人采取行政强制措施的理由、依据以及当事人依法享有的权利、救济途径； |
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| (6) The statements and arguments of the party concerned shall be heard. | | （六）听取当事人的陈述和申辩； |
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| (7) On-site transcripts shall be made. | | （七）制作现场笔录； |
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| (8) The on-site transcripts shall be singed or sealed by the party concerned and the law enforcement personnel of the administrative organ, and if the party concerned refuses to do so, it shall be noted in the transcripts. | | （八）现场笔录由当事人和行政执法人员签名或者盖章，当事人拒绝的，在笔录中予以注明； |
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| (9) If the party concerned is not present, witnesses shall be invited to be present, and the witnesses and the law enforcement personnel of the administrative organ shall sign or seal the on-site transcripts. | | （九）当事人不到场的，邀请见证人到场，由见证人和行政执法人员在现场笔录上签名或者盖章； |
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| (10) Other procedures as prescribed by laws and regulations. | | （十）法律、法规规定的其他程序。 |
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| Article 19 If any administrativecompulsory measure is implemented on the spot as needed in case of emergency, the law enforcement personnel of an administrative organ shall report it to the person in charge of the administrative organ and go through the approval formalities within 24 hours. If the person in charge of the administrative organ deems it improper to take the administrativecompulsory measure, the measure shall be lifted immediately. | | 第十九条 情况紧急，需要当场实施行政强制措施的，行政执法人员应当在二十四小时内向行政机关负责人报告，并补办批准手续。行政机关负责人认为不应当采取行政强制措施的，应当立即解除。 |
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| Article 20 In implementing administrativecompulsory measures which restrict the personal freedom of citizens according to law, in addition to the procedures in Article 18 of this Law, an administrative organ shall comply with the following provisions: | | 第二十条 依照法律规定实施限制公民人身自由的行政强制措施，除应当履行本法第十八条规定的程序外，还应当遵守下列规定： |
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| (1) The law enforcement personnel of the administrative organ shall notify the family of the party concerned of the administrative organ implementing the administrativecompulsory measure and the location and term thereof, on the spot or immediately after implementing the administrativecompulsory measure. | | （一）当场告知或者实施行政强制措施后立即通知当事人家属实施行政强制措施的行政机关、地点和期限； |
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| (2) If the administrativecompulsory measure is implemented on the spot in case of emergency, the law enforcement personnel of the administrative organ shall report it to the person in charge of the administrative organ and go through the approval formalities immediately after returning to the administrative organ. | | （二）在紧急情况下当场实施行政强制措施的，在返回行政机关后，立即向行政机关负责人报告并补办批准手续； |
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| (3) Other procedures as prescribed by law. | | （三）法律规定的其他程序。 |
Administrativecompulsory measures which restrict personal freedom shall not be implemented beyond the statutory term. If the purposes of implementing such an administrativecompulsory measure have been achieved or the conditions for implementing it have disappeared, the administrativecompulsory measure shall be lifted immediately. | |
实施限制人身自由的行政强制措施不得超过法定期限。实施行政强制措施的目的已经达到或者条件已经消失，应当立即解除。 |
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| Article 21 If an illegal act may constitute a crime and shall be transferred to the judicial organ, the administrative organ shall transfer the seized, impounded or frozen properties along with it, and inform the party concerned in writing. | | 第二十一条 违法行为涉嫌犯罪应当移送司法机关的，行政机关应当将查封、扣押、冻结的财物一并移送，并书面告知当事人。 |
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| Section 2 Seizure and Impoundment | | 第二节 查封、扣押 |
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| Article 22 Seizure and impoundment shall be implemented by administrative organs as prescribed by laws and regulations, and no other administrative organs or organizations may implement them. | | 第二十二条 查封、扣押应当由法律、法规规定的行政机关实施，其他任何行政机关或者组织不得实施。 |
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| Article 23 Seizure and impoundment shall be limited to the case-related premises, facilities or properties, and no premises, facilities or properties irrelevant to the illegal acts shall be seized or impounded. The daily necessities of citizens and their dependents shall not be seized or impounded. | | 第二十三条 查封、扣押限于涉案的场所、设施或者财物，不得查封、扣押与违法行为无关的场所、设施或者财物；不得查封、扣押公民个人及其所扶养家属的生活必需品。 |
Premises, facilities or properties of the party concerned, which have been seized by any other state organ according to law, shall not be seized repeatedly. | |
当事人的场所、设施或者财物已被其他国家机关依法查封的，不得重复查封。 |
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Article 24 Where an administrative organ decides to implement seizure or impoundment, it shall go through the procedures in Article 18 of this Law, and make and delivery on the spot a written decision on seizure or impoundment and a list of seizure or impoundment.
．．．．．． | | 第二十四条 行政机关决定实施查封、扣押的，应当履行本法第十八条规定的程序，制作并当场交付查封、扣押决定书和清单。
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