| Opinions of the People's Bank of China, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Finance on Further Deepening the Financial Services for Micro and Small-Sized Enterprises | | 人民银行、银保监会、证监会、发展改革委、财政部关于进一步深化小微企业金融服务的意见 |
| (No. 162 [2018] of the People's Bank of China) | | （银发〔2018〕162号） |
| For the purposes of implementing the arrangements and requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council for improving the financial services for micro and small-sized enterprises and other real economy and advancing the reduction of financing costs for micro and small-sized enterprises, strengthening appraisal incentives, optimizing credit structure, guiding financial institutions in investing more funds in micro and small-sized enterprises and other priority economic and social fields and weak links, supporting the cultivation of new momentum, stabilization of growth, protection of employment, and promotion of transformation, and accelerating entrepreneurship and innovation among all the people, with the approval of the State Council, the following opinions are hereby offered: | | 为贯彻落实党中央、国务院关于改进小微企业等实体经济金融服务、推进降低小微企业融资成本的部署要求，强化考核激励，优化信贷结构，引导金融机构将更多资金投向小微企业等经济社会重点领域和薄弱环节，支持新动能培育和稳增长、保就业、促转型，加快大众创业万众创新，经国务院同意，现提出以下意见： |
| I. Intensifying the support of the monetary policy and guiding financial institutions in increasing the credit extension to micro and small-sized enterprises. | | 一、加大货币政策支持力度，引导金融机构增加小微企业信贷投放 |
| 1. Increasing credit resources in favor of micro and small-sized enterprises. The robust and neutral monetary policy shall continue to be implemented, a reasonable and steady growth in the total amount of monetary credit shall be maintained, and a sound financial environment shall be created for the financing development of micro and small-sized enterprises. Monetary policy tools such as open market operations and medium-term lending facilities shall be comprehensively used to provides liquidity support for financial institutions to grant loans to micro and small-sized enterprises. The loans for micro and small-sized enterprises each of which has credit in the amount of 5 million yuan or less shall be included in the scope of qualified mortgages for medium-term lending facilities. Macro-prudential assessment and evaluation shall be improved, the weight of small and micro enterprise loans for micro and small-sized enterprises shall be increased, financial institutions shall be guided in increasing the extension of loans to micro and small-sized enterprises, and financing costs shall be reasonably determined and effectively reduced. | | （一）加大信贷资源向小微企业倾斜。继续实施稳健中性的货币政策，保持货币信贷总量合理稳定增长，为小微企业融资发展提供良好金融环境。综合运用公开市场操作、中期借贷便利等货币政策工具，为金融机构发放小微企业贷款提供流动性支持。将单户授信500万元及以下的小微企业贷款纳入中期借贷便利的合格抵押品范围。改进宏观审慎评估考核，增加小微企业贷款考核权重，引导金融机构加大对小微企业贷款投放，合理确定并有效降低融资成本。 |
| 2. Expanding the re-loans and re-discounts for micro and small-sized enterprises and farmers by 150 billion yuan. The interest rate on loans for micro and small-sized enterprises and farmers shall be reduced by 0.5 percentage points. All branch offices of the People's Bank of China shall establish a positive incentive mechanism for the extension of re-loans and the granting of loans to micro and small-sized enterprises, guide small and medium-sized banks in strengthening the ledger management of loans for micro and small-sized enterprises each of which has credit in the amount of 5 million yuan or less, provide re-loan support according to certain conditions, and achieve significant reduction of the interest rates on loans for micro and small-sized enterprises which receive support. The efficiency of using re-discounts shall be raised, the bills of micro and small-sized enterprises shall be re-discounted as priorities, and financial institutions shall be promoted in increasing financing support for micro and small-sized enterprises. | | （二）增加支小支农再贷款和再贴现额度共1500亿元。下调支小再贷款利率0.5个百分点。人民银行各分支机构要建立再贷款投放和小微企业贷款发放的正向激励机制，指导中小银行加强对单户授信500万元及以下小微企业贷款的台账管理，按一定条件给予再贷款支持，获得支持的小微企业贷款利率要有明显下降。要提高再贴现使用效率，优先办理小微企业票据再贴现，促进金融机构加大对小微企业的融资支持力度。 |
| 3. Revitalizing credit resources in the amount pf more than 100 billion yuan. On the premise of strengthening disclosure and improving transparency, banking financial institutions shall be supported in issuing micro and small-sized enterprise loan asset-backed securities, and the underlying assets of loans for micro and small-sized enterprises shall be extended from 1 million yuan or less in credit for the same enterprise to 5 million yuan or less in credit for the same enterprise. Banking financial institutions shall be encouraged to issue financial bonds for micro and small-sized enterprises, relax the issuance conditions, strengthen follow-up supervision, and ensure that funds are raised for loans to micro and small-sized enterprises. The People's Bank of China shall give appropriate support to financial institutions that issue small and micro enterprise loan asset-backed securities and financial bonds for micro and small-sized enterprises. | | （三）盘活信贷资源1000亿元以上。在强化信息披露、提高透明度的前提下，支持银行业金融机构发行小微企业贷款资产支持证券，将小微企业贷款基础资产由单户授信100万元及以下放宽至500万元及以下。鼓励银行业金融机构发行小微企业金融债券，放宽发行条件，加强后续督导，确保筹集资金用于向小微企业发放贷款。对于发行小微企业贷款资产支持证券和小微企业金融债券的金融机构，人民银行给予适当支持。 |
| II. Establishing a classification regulation assessment and evaluation mechanism and focusing on improving the precision of financial institutions supporting micro and small-sized enterprises. | | 二、建立分类监管考核评估机制，着力提高金融机构支持小微企业的精准度 |
| 4. Strengthening the monitoring and evaluation of loan costs. Coordinated consideration shall be given to the “quantity” and “price” of loans for micro and small-sized enterprises, the “head geese” effect of medium and large-sized commercial banks shall be maximized, and banking financial institutions shall be driven to effectively reduce the interest rates on loans for micro and small-sized enterprises. The People's Bank of China, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, and its dispatched offices shall, with corporate banking financial institutions as units, strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of the rates of loans to micro and small-sized enterprises each of which has a total credit of 10 million yuan or less. For few banks with loan interest rates significantly higher than the average loan interest rate of local similar institutions which are susceptible to dramatic reduction, the requirements for regulatory work shall be appropriately tightened; and for village banks that were established not long ago and remain at a loss at present, differentiated consideration may be given. | | （四）加强贷款成本监测考核。统筹考虑小微企业贷款“量”与“价”，充分发挥大中型商业银行的“头雁”效应，带动银行业金融机构切实降低小微企业贷款利率。人民银行、银保监会及其派出机构要以法人银行业金融机构为单位，加强对单户授信总额1000万元及以下小微企业贷款利率的监测和考核。对个别贷款利率定价明显高于当地同类机构平均水平、下降空间较大的银行，要适当强化监管工作要求；对成立不久、目前尚处于亏损状态的村镇银行，可差别化考虑。 |
| 5. Strengthening the monitoring and evaluation of loan extension. Banking financial institutions shall give priority to securing credit resources for micro and small-sized enterprises, devolve credit approval authority, strengthen the support for priority fields of inclusive finance, focus on disadvantaged micro and small-sized enterprises, and strive to achieve that the year-on-year growth rate of loans for micro and small-sized enterprises each of which has a total credit of 10 million yuan or less is higher than that of various loans and that the number of enterprises with loan balances is higher than that in the same period of the previous year. The existing loans for micro and small-sized enterprises which banking financial institutions revitalized by issuing micro and small-sized enterprise loan asset-backed securities may be calculated on a recovery basis at the evaluation of the extension of loans to micro and small-sized enterprises. | | （五）强化贷款投放监测考核。银行业金融机构要优先保障小微企业信贷资源，下放授信审批权限，加强对普惠金融重点领域的支持，聚焦小微企业中的薄弱群体，努力实现单户授信总额1000万元及以下小微企业贷款同比增速高于各项贷款同比增速，有贷款余额的户数高于上年同期水平。银行业金融机构通过发行小微企业贷款资产支持证券盘活的小微企业存量贷款，在考核小微企业贷款投放时可还原计算。 |
| 6. Strictly implementing the fee remission policy. Banking financial institutions shall strictly implement the requirements of “seven prohibitions” and “four-sphere disclosure,” strengthen the implementation of the “two prohibitions and two restrictions,” prohibit the collection of commitment fees and fund management fees from micro and small-sized enterprises, and strictly restrict the collection of financial advisory fees and consultation fees. The financing chain shall be further shortened, and unnecessary “channels” and “bridge” loans shall be reviewed. | | （六）严格落实收费减免政策。银行业金融机构要严格执行“七不准”“四公开”要求，强化落实“两禁两限”规定，禁止向小微企业贷款收取承诺费、资金管理费，严格限制收取财务顾问费、咨询费。进一步缩短融资链条，清理不必要的“通道”和“过桥”环节。 |
| 7. Improving the evaluation of the directing effect of credit policies. The focus shall be on guiding banking financial institutions in issuing loans to micro and small-sized enterprises each of which has a total credit of 5 million yuan or less, operating loans to individual industrial and commercial households, and main operating loans to micro and small-sized enterprises. The financial bonds for micro and small-sized enterprises and micro and small-sized enterprise loan assets securitization products held by financial institutions shall be included in the evaluation of the directing effect of credit policies. | | （七）改进信贷政策导向效果评估。重点引导银行业金融机构发放单户授信500万元及以下的小微企业贷款以及个体工商户经营性贷款、小微企业主经营性贷款。将金融机构持有小微企业金融债券和小微企业贷款资产证券化产品情况纳入信贷政策导向效果评估内容。 |
III. Strengthening the internal evaluation and incentives of banking financial institutions and unblocking the internal transmission mechanisms
．．．．．． | | 三、强化银行业金融机构内部考核激励，疏通内部传导机制
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