| Patent Law of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国专利法 |
| (Adopted at the 4th Session of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on March 12, 1984; amended for the first time by the Decision on Amending the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 27th Session of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress on September 4, 1992; amended for the second time by the Decision on Amending the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China, adopted at the 17th Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on August 25, 2000; amended for the third time by the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Amending the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 6th Session of Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on December 27, 2008; and amended for the fourth time in accordance with the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress to Amend the Patent Law of the People's Republic of China adopted at the 22nd Session of the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on October 17, 2020) | | （1984年3月12日第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第四次会议通过 根据1992年9月4日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十七次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国专利法〉的决定》第一次修正 根据2000年8月25日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十七次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国专利法〉的决定》第二次修正 根据2008年12月27日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国专利法〉的决定》第三次修正 根据2020年10月17日第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十二次会议《关于修改＜中华人民共和国专利法＞的决定》第四次修正） |
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| Contents | | 目录 |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总则 |
| Chapter II Conditions for Granting Patents | | 第二章 授予专利权的条件 |
| Chapter III Application for Patents | | 第三章 专利的申请 |
| Chapter IV Examination and Approval of Patent Applications | | 第四章 专利申请的审查和批准 |
| Chapter V Duration, Termination and Invalidation of Patents | | 第五章 专利权的期限、终止和无效 |
| Chapter VI Compulsory License for the Exploitation of Patents | | 第六章 专利实施的特别许可 |
| Chapter VII Protection of Patents | | 第七章 专利权的保护 |
| Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions | | 第八章 附则 |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总则 |
| Article 1 This law is enacted for the purpose of protecting the legitimate rights and interests of patentees, encouraging inventions, giving an impetus to the application of inventions, improving the innovative capabilities, and promoting scientific and technological progress as well as the economic and social development. | | 第一条 为了保护专利权人的合法权益，鼓励发明创造，推动发明创造的应用，提高创新能力，促进科学技术进步和经济社会发展，制定本法。 |
| Article 2 The “inventions” as used in this Law means inventions, utility models and designs. | | 第二条 本法所称的发明创造是指发明、实用新型和外观设计。 |
| The term “invention” refers to any new technical solution relating to a product, a process or an improvement thereof. | | 发明，是指对产品、方法或者其改进所提出的新的技术方案。 |
| The term “utility model” refers to any new technical solution relating to a product's shape, structure, or a combination thereof, which is fit for practical use. | | 实用新型，是指对产品的形状、构造或者其结合所提出的适于实用的新的技术方案。 |
| “Design” means a new design of the shape, pattern, or a combination thereof, as well as a combination of the color, shape and pattern, of the entirety or a portion of a product, which creates an aesthetic feeling and is fit for industrial application. | | 外观设计，是指对产品的整体或者局部的形状、图案或者其结合以及色彩与形状、图案的结合所作出的富有美感并适于工业应用的新设计。 |
| Article 3 The patent administrative department of the State Council shall be responsible for the administration of the patent work throughout China, uniformly accept and examine applications for patents, and grant patents in accordance with the law. | | 第三条 国务院专利行政部门负责管理全国的专利工作；统一受理和审查专利申请，依法授予专利权。 |
| The patent administrative department of the people's government of each province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government shall take charge of the administration of patents within its own jurisdiction. | | 省、自治区、直辖市人民政府管理专利工作的部门负责本行政区域内的专利管理工作。 |
| Article 4 Where the invention for which a patent is applied for relates to the security or other vital interests of the State and is required to be kept confidential, the application shall be handled in accordance with the relevant provisions of the State. | | 第四条 申请专利的发明创造涉及国家安全或者重大利益需要保密的，按照国家有关规定办理。 |
| Article 5 No patent shall be granted for an invention that contravenes any law or social moral or that is detrimental to public interests. | | 第五条 对违反法律、社会公德或者妨害公共利益的发明创造，不授予专利权。 |
| No patent will be granted for an invention based on genetic resources if the access or utilization of the said genetic resources is in violation of any law or administrative regulation. | | 对违反法律、行政法规的规定获取或者利用遗传资源，并依赖该遗传资源完成的发明创造，不授予专利权。 |
| Article 6 An invention-creation made by a person in the execution of tasks of the entity employing the person or mainly by taking advantage of the entity's material and technical conditions is a service invention-creation. The right to apply for a patent for a service invention-creation belongs to the entity; and after the application is granted, the entity is the patentee. The entity may, in accordance with the law, dispose of its right to apply for the patent for the service invention-creation and the patent right, and promote the exploitation and application of the invention-creation. | | 第六条 执行本单位的任务或者主要是利用本单位的物质技术条件所完成的发明创造为职务发明创造。职务发明创造申请专利的权利属于该单位，申请被批准后，该单位为专利权人。该单位可以依法处置其职务发明创造申请专利的权利和专利权，促进相关发明创造的实施和运用。 |
| For any non-service invention, the right to apply for a patent shall remain with the inventor or designer. After the application is approved, the inventor or designer shall be the patentee. | | 非职务发明创造，申请专利的权利属于发明人或者设计人；申请被批准后，该发明人或者设计人为专利权人。 |
| For an invention made by a person by taking advantage of the material and technical means of the entity where he works, if there is a contract between the entity and the inventor or designer regarding the right to apply for patent and the ownership of the patent, the contractual stipulations shall prevail. | | 利用本单位的物质技术条件所完成的发明创造，单位与发明人或者设计人订有合同，对申请专利的权利和专利权的归属作出约定的，从其约定。 |
| Article 7 No entity or individual shall prevent the inventor or designer from filing an application for patenting a non-service invention. | | 第七条 对发明人或者设计人的非职务发明创造专利申请，任何单位或者个人不得压制。 |
| Article 8 For an invention made through the joint work of two or more entities or individuals, or made by an entity or individual upon the authorization of another entity or individual, the right to apply for a patent shall, unless it is otherwise agreed upon, remain with the entity or individual which made the invention or with the entities or individuals which jointly made the invention. After the application is approved, the entity (or entities) or individual(s) that filed the application shall be the patentee. | | 第八条 两个以上单位或者个人合作完成的发明创造、一个单位或者个人接受其他单位或者个人委托所完成的发明创造，除另有协议的以外，申请专利的权利属于完成或者共同完成的单位或者个人；申请被批准后，申请的单位或者个人为专利权人。 |
| Article 9 One patent shall be granted to one invention. However, if a same applicant applied for both a patent for utility model and a patent for invention on a same day, if the patent for the utility model it has previously applied for has not terminated yet and if the applicant declares to waive the patent for utility model, the patent for invention can be granted. | | 第九条 同样的发明创造只能授予一项专利权。但是，同一申请人同日对同样的发明创造既申请实用新型专利又申请发明专利，先获得的实用新型专利权尚未终止，且申请人声明放弃该实用新型专利权的，可以授予发明专利权。 |
| Where two or more applicants file applications for a patent for an identical invention, the patent shall be granted to the applicant who is the first to file an application. | | 两个以上的申请人分别就同样的发明创造申请专利的，专利权授予最先申请的人。 |
| Article 10 The right to apply for a patent and the patent rights may be assigned. | | 第十条 专利申请权和专利权可以转让。 |
| Where a Chinese entity or individual is to assign the right to apply for a patent or a patent right to a foreigner or foreign enterprise or any foreign organization, it or he shall go through the formalities under relevant laws and administrative regulations. | | 中国单位或者个人向外国人、外国企业或者外国其他组织转让专利申请权或者专利权的，应当依照有关法律、行政法规的规定办理手续。 |
| Where the right to apply for a patent or a patent right is assigned, the parties concerned shall conclude a written contract, and have the contract registered in the patent administrative department of the State Council. The said contract shall be announced by the patent administrative department of the State Council. The assignment of the right to apply for the patent or the patent right shall come into force as of the date of registration. | | 转让专利申请权或者专利权的，当事人应当订立书面合同，并向国务院专利行政部门登记，由国务院专利行政部门予以公告。专利申请权或者专利权的转让自登记之日起生效。 |
| Article 11 After the granting of patent for an invention or utility model, unless it is otherwise prescribed by this Law, no entity or individual is entitled to, without permission of the patentee, exploit the patent, that is, to make, use, promise the sale of, sell or import the patented product, or use the patented process and use, promise the sale of, sell or import the product directly obtained from the patented process, for production or business purposes. | | 第十一条 发明和实用新型专利权被授予后，除本法另有规定的以外，任何单位或者个人未经专利权人许可，都不得实施其专利，即不得为生产经营目的制造、使用、许诺销售、销售、进口其专利产品，或者使用其专利方法以及使用、许诺销售、销售、进口依照该专利方法直接获得的产品。 |
| After the granting of a patent for a design, no entity or individual shall, without permission of the patentee, exploit the patent, that is to say, they shall not make, promise to sell, sell, or import the product incorporating its or his patented design, for production and business purposes. | | 外观设计专利权被授予后，任何单位或者个人未经专利权人许可，都不得实施其专利，即不得为生产经营目的制造、许诺销售、销售、进口其外观设计专利产品。 |
| Article 12 Where an entity or individual exploits the patent of anyone else, it or he shall conclude a licensing contract with the patentee and pay a patent royalty to the patentee. The licensee has no right to license any entity or individual other than the entity or individual as stipulated in the licensing contract to exploit the said patent. | | 第十二条 任何单位或者个人实施他人专利的，应当与专利权人订立实施许可合同，向专利权人支付专利使用费。被许可人无权允许合同规定以外的任何单位或者个人实施该专利。 |
| Article 13 After the publication of an application for a patent for invention, the applicant may require the entity or individual exploiting the invention to pay an appropriate fee. | | 第十三条 发明专利申请公布后，申请人可以要求实施其发明的单位或者个人支付适当的费用。 |
| Article 14 If there is any agreement between the joint owners of the right to apply for a patent or a patent right regarding the exercise of the relevant right, the agreement shall be followed. If there is no such agreement, any of the joint owners may exploit the patent independently or license others to exploit the patent by means of ordinary license. In the case of licensing others to exploit the patent, royalties charged shall be distributed among the joint owners. | | 第十四条 专利申请权或者专利权的共有人对权利的行使有约定的，从其约定。没有约定的，共有人可以单独实施或者以普通许可方式许可他人实施该专利；许可他人实施该专利的，收取的使用费应当在共有人之间分配。 |
| Except for the circumstance as described in the preceding paragraph, the exercise of the right to apply for a patent or a patent right shall be based on the consensus of all joint owners. | | 除前款规定的情形外，行使共有的专利申请权或者专利权应当取得全体共有人的同意。 |
| Article 15 The entity to whom a patent is granted shall give to the inventor or designer of the service invention a reward and shall, after exploitation of the patented invention, pay the inventor or designer a reasonable remuneration on the basis of the scope of popularization and application as well as the economic benefits yielded. | | 第十五条 被授予专利权的单位应当对职务发明创造的发明人或者设计人给予奖励；发明创造专利实施后，根据其推广应用的范围和取得的经济效益，对发明人或者设计人给予合理的报酬。 |
| The state encourages entities to which patent rights are granted to implement property right incentives, and enable inventors or designers to rationally share the benefits of innovation in forms such as equities, options, and dividends. | | 国家鼓励被授予专利权的单位实行产权激励，采取股权、期权、分红等方式，使发明人或者设计人合理分享创新收益。 |
| Article 16 An inventor or designer has the right to expressly indicate in the patent documents that he is the inventor or designer. | | 第十六条 发明人或者设计人有权在专利文件中写明自己是发明人或者设计人。 |
| A patentee has the right to label the patent on its patented product or on the package of the said product. | | 专利权人有权在其专利产品或者该产品的包装上标明专利标识。 |
| Article 17 Where any foreigner, foreign enterprise or other foreign organization that has no habitual residence or business office in China files an application for a patent in China, the application shall be treated under this Law in accordance with the agreement, if any, concluded between the country to which the applicant belongs and China, or in accordance with any international treaty to which both countries are a party, or on the basis of the principle of reciprocity. | | 第十七条 在中国没有经常居所或者营业所的外国人、外国企业或者外国其他组织在中国申请专利的，依照其所属国同中国签订的协议或者共同参加的国际条约，或者依照互惠原则，根据本法办理。 |
| Article 18 Where a foreigner, foreign enterprise or any other foreign organization that has no habitual abode or business office in China intends to apply for a patent or handle other patent-related matters in China, he or it shall authorize a legitimately formed patent agency to act on his or its behalf. | | 第十八条 在中国没有经常居所或者营业所的外国人、外国企业或者外国其他组织在中国申请专利和办理其他专利事务的，应当委托依法设立的专利代理机构办理。 |
| To apply for a patent or handle other patent-related matters in China, a Chinese entity or individual may authorize a legitimately formed patent agency to act on its or his behalf. | | 中国单位或者个人在国内申请专利和办理其他专利事务的，可以委托依法设立的专利代理机构办理。 |
| A patent agency shall abide by the laws and administrative regulations when filing applications for patents or handling other patent affairs as entrusted by the principal. It shall also be obligated to keep confidential the contents of the principal's invention, unless the application for patent has been published or announced. The specific measures for the administration of patent agencies shall be formulated by the State Council. | | 专利代理机构应当遵守法律、行政法规，按照被代理人的委托办理专利申请或者其他专利事务；对被代理人发明创造的内容，除专利申请已经公布或者公告的以外，负有保密责任。专利代理机构的具体管理办法由国务院规定。 |
| Article 19 Where an entity or individual intends to file an application in a foreign country for patenting an invention or utility model accomplished in China, it or he shall report in advance to the patent administrative department of the State Council for confidentiality review. The provisions of the State Council shall be followed in regard to the procedures and time limit for the confidentiality review. | | 第十九条 任何单位或者个人将在中国完成的发明或者实用新型向外国申请专利的，应当事先报经国务院专利行政部门进行保密审查。保密审查的程序、期限等按照国务院的规定执行。 |
| A Chinese entity or individual may, in accordance with the relevant international treaties acceded to by the People's Republic of China, file an international application for patent. An applicant who files an international application for patent shall abide by the provisions of the preceding paragraph. | | 中国单位或者个人可以根据中华人民共和国参加的有关国际条约提出专利国际申请。申请人提出专利国际申请的，应当遵守前款规定。 |
| The patent administrative department of the State Council shall handle international applications for patent in accordance with the relevant international treaties acceded to by the People's Republic of China, this Law, and the relevant provisions of the State Council. | | 国务院专利行政部门依照中华人民共和国参加的有关国际条约、本法和国务院有关规定处理专利国际申请。 |
| As to an invention or utility model for which a patent application is filed in a foreign country by violating the provision of paragraph 1 of this Article, no patent will be granted to it if a patent application has been filed in China. | | 对违反本条第一款规定向外国申请专利的发明或者实用新型，在中国申请专利的，不授予专利权。 |
| Article 20 Patent applications and the exercise of patent rights shall adhere to the principle of good faith. Patent rights shall not be abused to damage the public interest or the lawful rights and interests of any other person. | | 第二十条 申请专利和行使专利权应当遵循诚实信用原则。不得滥用专利权损害公共利益或者他人合法权益。 |
| Any abuse of patent rights to preclude or restrict competition, which constitutes a monopolistic act, shall be handled in accordance with the Anti-monopoly Law of the People's Republic of China. | | 滥用专利权，排除或者限制竞争，构成垄断行为的，依照《中华人民共和国反垄断法》处理。 |
| Article 21 The patent administrative department of the State Council shall, pursuant to the requirements of objectivity, impartiality, accuracy and timeliness, handle the relevant patent applications and appeals. | | 第二十一条 国务院专利行政部门应当按照客观、公正、准确、及时的要求，依法处理有关专利的申请和请求。 |
| The patent administrative department of the State Council shall strengthen the construction of the patent information public service system, release patent information in a complete, accurate, and timely manner, provide basic patent data, publish patent gazettes on a periodical basis, and promote the dissemination and utilization of patent information. | | 国务院专利行政部门应当加强专利信息公共服务体系建设，完整、准确、及时发布专利信息，提供专利基础数据，定期出版专利公报，促进专利信息传播与利用。 |
| Before an application for patent is published or announced, the functionaries and other relevant persons of the patent administrative department of the State Council shall keep confidential the contents therein. | | 在专利申请公布或者公告前，国务院专利行政部门的工作人员及有关人员对其内容负有保密责任。 |
| Chapter II Conditions for Granting Patents | | 第二章 授予专利权的条件 |
| Article 22 An invention or utility model for which a patent is to be granted shall be novel, inventive and practically applicable. | | 第二十二条 授予专利权的发明和实用新型，应当具备新颖性、创造性和实用性。 |
| Novelty means that the invention or utility model is not an existing technology, and prior to the date of application, no entity or individual has filed an application heretofore with the patent administrative department of the State Council for the identical invention or utility model and recorded it in the patent application documents or patent documents released after the said date of application. | | 新颖性，是指该发明或者实用新型不属于现有技术；也没有任何单位或者个人就同样的发明或者实用新型在申请日以前向国务院专利行政部门提出过申请，并记载在申请日以后公布的专利申请文件或者公告的专利文件中。 |
| Inventiveness means that, as compared with the technology existing before the date of application the invention has prominent substantive features and represents a notable progress and that the utility model has substantive features and represents progress. | | 创造性，是指与现有技术相比，该发明具有突出的实质性特点和显著的进步，该实用新型具有实质性特点和进步。 |
| Practical applicability means that the invention or utility model can be made or used and can produce effective results. | | 实用性，是指该发明或者实用新型能够制造或者使用，并且能够产生积极效果。 |
| The term “existing technology” as mentioned in this Law refers to the technologies known to the general public both at home and abroad prior to the date of application. | | 本法所称现有技术，是指申请日以前在国内外为公众所知的技术。 |
| Article 23 Any design for which a patent is granted shall not be attributed to the existing design, and no entity or individual has, before the date of application, filed an application with the patent administrative department of the State Council on the identical design and recorded it in the patent documents published after the date of application. | | 第二十三条 授予专利权的外观设计，应当不属于现有设计；也没有任何单位或者个人就同样的外观设计在申请日以前向国务院专利行政部门提出过申请，并记载在申请日以后公告的专利文件中。 |
| As compared with the existing design or combination of the existing design features, the design for which a patent is granted shall have distinctive features. | | 授予专利权的外观设计与现有设计或者现有设计特征的组合相比，应当具有明显区别。 |
| The patented design may not conflict with the lawful rights that have been obtained by any other person prior to the date of application. | | 授予专利权的外观设计不得与他人在申请日以前已经取得的合法权利相冲突。 |
| The term “existing design” as used in this Law refers to a design known to the general public both at home and abroad prior to the date of application. | | 本法所称现有设计，是指申请日以前在国内外为公众所知的设计。 |
| Article 24 An invention for which a patent is applied for does not lose its novelty where, within six months before the date of application, one of the following events occurred: | | 第二十四条 申请专利的发明创造在申请日以前六个月内，有下列情形之一的，不丧失新颖性： |
| (1) it is disclosed to the public for the first time in the public interest, when a state of emergency or any extraordinary circumstance occurs in the country; | | （一）在国家出现紧急状态或者非常情况时，为公共利益目的首次公开的； |
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