| Regulation on the Protection of Fossils | | 古生物化石保护条例 |
| (Promulgated by Order No. 580 of the State Council of the People's Republic of China on September 5, 2010; and revised in accordance with the Decision of the State Council to Amend Certain Administrative Regulations on March 2, 2019) | | （2010年9月5日中华人民共和国国务院令第580号公布 根据2019年3月2日《国务院关于修改部分行政法规的决定》修订） |
| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总 则 |
| Article 1 This Regulation is formulated for the purpose of strengthening the protection of fossils and facilitating the scientific research and reasonable utilization of fossils. | | 第一条 为了加强对古生物化石的保护，促进古生物化石的科学研究和合理利用，制定本条例。 |
| Article 2 This Regulation shall apply to the fossil excavation and collection activities within the territory of the People's Republic of China and in other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China, as well as the entry and exit of fossils. | | 第二条 在中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域从事古生物化石发掘、收藏等活动以及古生物化石进出境，应当遵守本条例。 |
| The term “fossil” as mentioned in this Regulation refers to the body fossils and trace fossils of animals and plants formed in the past periods of geological history and preserved in the earth's crust. | | 本条例所称古生物化石，是指地质历史时期形成并赋存于地层中的动物和植物的实体化石及其遗迹化石。 |
| Fossils of ancient apes, ancient human species, and ancient vertebrates of the Quaternary Period relevant to human activities shall be protected pursuant to the relevant state provisions on the protection of cultural relics. | | 古猿、古人类化石以及与人类活动有关的第四纪古脊椎动物化石的保护依照国家文物保护的有关规定执行。 |
| Article 3 Fossils preserved within the territory of the People's Republic of China and in other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China shall be owned by the state. | | 第三条 中华人民共和国领域和中华人民共和国管辖的其他海域遗存的古生物化石属于国家所有。 |
| Fossils collected by state-owned museums, scientific research institutes, institutions of higher learning and other entities as well as fossils donated by entities and individuals to the state shall be owned by the state, and the ownership thereof will not be altered by the termination or modification of their collectors. | | 国有的博物馆、科学研究单位、高等院校和其他收藏单位收藏的古生物化石，以及单位和个人捐赠给国家的古生物化石属于国家所有，不因其收藏单位的终止或者变更而改变其所有权。 |
| Article 4 For the protection of fossils, the state implements the principle of classified management, key protection, giving priority to scientific research and reasonable utilization. | | 第四条 国家对古生物化石实行分类管理、重点保护、科研优先、合理利用的原则。 |
| Article 5 The natural resources department of the State Council is responsible for the nationwide protection of fossils. The natural resources departments of the local people's governments at or above the county level shall be responsible for the protection of fossils within their respective administrative regions. | | 第五条 国务院自然资源主管部门主管全国古生物化石保护工作。县级以上地方人民政府自然资源主管部门主管本行政区域古生物化石保护工作。 |
| The public security departments, the market regulation departments and other relevant departments of the people's governments at or above the county level shall undertake the responsibility for the protection of fossils within their respective scopes of functions and duties. | | 县级以上人民政府公安、市场监督管理等部门按照各自的职责负责古生物化石保护的有关工作。 |
| Article 6 The natural resources department of the State Council shall form a National Fossil Expert Commission composed of experts recommended by the relevant departments of the State Council and the Palaeontological Society of China. The Commission shall be responsible for making a list of fossils under special protection, providing advisory services for the establishment of national nature reserves of fossils, reviewing fossil excavation applications, identifying specially protected fossils that enter or exit the country, etc. The specific measures shall be formulated by the natural resources department of the State Council. | | 第六条 国务院自然资源主管部门负责组织成立国家古生物化石专家委员会。国家古生物化石专家委员会由国务院有关部门和中国古生物学会推荐的专家组成，承担重点保护古生物化石名录的拟定、国家级古生物化石自然保护区建立的咨询、古生物化石发掘申请的评审、重点保护古生物化石进出境的鉴定等工作，具体办法由国务院自然资源主管部门制定。 |
| Article 7 According to their importance to biological evolution and classification, fossils are divided into specially protected ones and normally protected ones. | | 第七条 按照在生物进化以及生物分类上的重要程度，将古生物化石划分为重点保护古生物化石和一般保护古生物化石。 |
| The following fossils which are of great significance to scientific research or are rare shall be put on the list of specially protected fossils: | | 具有重要科学研究价值或者数量稀少的下列古生物化石，应当列为重点保护古生物化石： |
| 1. Type specimen of named fossil genus and species; | | （一）已经命名的古生物化石种属的模式标本； |
| 2. Body fossils of ancient vertebrates preserved whole or almost whole; | | （二）保存完整或者较完整的古脊椎动物实体化石； |
| 3. Large-size or centralized higher plant fossils, invertebrate fossils and footprints or other traces of ancient vertebrates; and | | （三）大型的或者集中分布的高等植物化石、无脊椎动物化石和古脊椎动物的足迹等遗迹化石； |
| 4. Other fossils as determined by the natural resources department of the State Council to be specially protected. | | （四）国务院自然资源主管部门确定的其他需要重点保护的古生物化石。 |
| The list of specially protected fossils shall be drafted by the National Fossil Expert Commission and be approved and announced by the natural resources department of the State Council. | | 重点保护古生物化石名录由国家古生物化石专家委员会拟定，由国务院自然资源主管部门批准并公布。 |
| Article 8 National nature reserves of fossils shall be established in areas concentrated with specially protected fossils. For an area concentrated with normally protected fossils, if any specially protected fossil has been discovered there, a local nature reserve of fossils shall be established. The procedure for establishing nature reserves of fossils shall be governed by the Regulation of the People's Republic of China on Nature Reserves . | | 第八条 重点保护古生物化石集中的区域，应当建立国家级古生物化石自然保护区；一般保护古生物化石集中的区域，同时该区域已经发现重点保护古生物化石的，应当建立地方级古生物化石自然保护区。建立古生物化石自然保护区的程序，依照《中华人民共和国自然保护区条例》的规定执行。 |
| Before establishing a national nature reserve of fossils, it is required to solicit the opinion of the National Fossil Expert Commission. | | 建立国家级古生物化石自然保护区，应当征求国家古生物化石专家委员会的意见。 |
| Article 9 The people's governments at or above the county level shall strengthen leadership over the protection of fossils and bring the fossil protection outlay into the fiscal budget of the same level. | | 第九条 县级以上人民政府应当加强对古生物化石保护工作的领导，将古生物化石保护工作所需经费列入本级财政预算。 |
| The people's governments at or above the county level shall organize the relevant departments to popularize knowledge about the protection of fossils, improve the general public's fossil protection awareness, and reward entities and individuals that make outstanding achievements in the protection of fossils pursuant to the relevant state provisions. | | 县级以上人民政府应当组织有关部门开展古生物化石保护知识的宣传教育，增强公众保护古生物化石的意识，并按照国家有关规定对在古生物化石保护工作中做出突出成绩的单位和个人给予奖励。 |
| Chapter II Excavation of Fossils | | 第二章 古生物化石发掘 |
| Article 10 Fossils can be excavated only when it is necessary for scientific research, teaching, science popularization or the rescue protection of fossils. Fossil excavators shall meet the requirements set forth in Paragraph 2 of Article 11 of this Regulation and obtain approval pursuant to this Regulation. | | 第十条 因科学研究、教学、科学普及或者对古生物化石进行抢救性保护等需要，方可发掘古生物化石。发掘古生物化石的，应当符合本条例第十一条第二款规定的条件，并依照本条例的规定取得批准。 |
| For the purpose of this Regulation, the term “excavation” refers to activities with a certain working face of digging fossils with machines or other power tools. | | 本条例所称发掘，是指有一定工作面，使用机械或者其他动力工具挖掘古生物化石的活动。 |
| Article 11 To excavate fossils in the national nature reserves of fossils or to excavate specially protected fossils in other areas, one should apply to the natural resources department of the State Council and obtain the approval thereof. To excavate normally protected fossils outside the national nature reserves of fossils, one should apply to the natural resources department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government at the locality of the fossils and obtain the approval thereof. | | 第十一条 在国家级古生物化石自然保护区内发掘古生物化石，或者在其他区域发掘重点保护古生物化石的，应当向国务院自然资源主管部门提出申请并取得批准；在国家级古生物化石自然保护区外发掘一般保护古生物化石的，应当向古生物化石所在地省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门提出申请并取得批准。 |
| An entity applying for excavating fossils shall meet the following requirements and submit evidentiary materials proving its satisfaction of these requirements together with a brief introduction to the excavation project, an excavation plan, a specimen preservation plan and a plan for restoring the ecological conditions of the excavation area: | | 申请发掘古生物化石的单位应当符合下列条件，并在提出申请时提交其符合下列条件的证明材料以及发掘项目概况、发掘方案、发掘标本保存方案和发掘区自然生态条件恢复方案： |
| 1. Having at least three technical personnel who own professional and technical titles in paleontology or related fields and have at least three years' experience in fossil excavation (and at least one of them has a senior title in paleontology as the leader of the excavation team); | | （一）有3名以上拥有古生物专业或者相关专业技术职称，并有3年以上古生物化石发掘经历的技术人员（其中至少有1名技术人员具有古生物专业高级职称并作为发掘活动的领队）； |
| 2. Having facilities and equipment necessary for fossil excavation; | | （二）有符合古生物化石发掘需要的设施、设备； |
| 3. Having processing technologies or techniques required for fossil protection; and | | （三）有与古生物化石保护相适应的处理技术和工艺； |
| 4. Having facilities, equipment and sites necessary for the safekeeping of fossils. | | （四）有符合古生物化石保管需要的设施、设备和场所。 |
| Article 12 The natural resources department of the State Council shall, within three workdays after accepting an application, submit the application materials to the National Fossil Expert Commission. The National Fossil Expert Commission shall give a written review opinion within 10 workdays after receiving the materials. The review opinion shall be taken as an important basis for deciding whether to approve the fossil excavation or not. | | 第十二条 国务院自然资源主管部门应当自受理申请之日起3个工作日内将申请材料送国家古生物化石专家委员会。国家古生物化石专家委员会应当自收到申请材料之日起10个工作日内出具书面评审意见。评审意见应当作为是否批准古生物化石发掘的重要依据。 |
| The natural resources department of the State Council shall finish examination within 30 workdays after accepting an application. If the applicant meets the requirements specified in Paragraph 2 of Article 11 of this Regulation and the excavation plan, the specimen preservation plan and the plan for restoring the ecological conditions of the excavation area are feasible, it shall approve the application; if not, it shall notify the applicant in writing and give reasons. | | 国务院自然资源主管部门应当自受理申请之日起30个工作日内完成审查，对申请单位符合本条例第十一条第二款规定条件，同时古生物化石发掘方案、发掘标本保存方案和发掘区自然生态条件恢复方案切实可行的，予以批准；对不符合条件的，书面通知申请单位并说明理由。 |
| Before approving a fossil excavation application, the natural resources department of the State Council shall solicit the opinion of the natural resources department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government at the locality of fossils; after approving the application, it shall notify the natural resources department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government at the locality of fossils of the relevant situations. | | 国务院自然资源主管部门批准古生物化石发掘申请前，应当征求古生物化石所在地省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门的意见；批准发掘申请后，应当将批准发掘古生物化石的情况通报古生物化石所在地省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门。 |
| Article 13 The natural resources department of the people's government of a province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government shall, after accepting a fossil excavation application, go through the examination and approval procedures according to the time limit and requirement specified in Paragraph 2, Article 12 of this Regulation, and hear the opinions of paleontologists. | | 第十三条 省、自治区、直辖市人民政府自然资源主管部门受理古生物化石发掘申请的，应当依照本条例第十二条第二款规定的期限和要求进行审查、批准，并听取古生物专家的意见。 |
| Article 14 A fossil excavation entity shall stick to the approved excavation plan. If it really needs to change the plan, it shall report to the natural resources department which approved the original plan for approval. | | 第十四条 发掘古生物化石的单位，应当按照批准的发掘方案进行发掘；确需改变发掘方案的，应当报原批准发掘的自然资源主管部门批准。 |
Article 15 A fossil excavation entity shall, within 30 days upon the end of the excavation, scientific research or teaching activity, register the unearthed fossils in detailed lists, make corresponding descriptions and labels, and hand them over for collection to qualified collection entities designated by the natural resources department which approved the excavation.
．．．．．． | | 第十五条 发掘古生物化石的单位，应当自发掘或者科学研究、教学等活动结束之日起30日内，对发掘的古生物化石登记造册，作出相应的描述与标注，并移交给批准发掘的自然资源主管部门指定的符合条件的收藏单位收藏。
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