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| Guiding Opinions of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology on Accelerating the Advancement of the Development of the Virtual Reality Industry | | 工业和信息化部关于加快推进虚拟现实产业发展的指导意见 |
| (No. 276 [2018] of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology) | | （工信部电子﹝2018﹞276号） |
| The industry and information technology departments of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, cities under separate state planning, and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps; relevant industry organizations; and relevant entities: | | 各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市、新疆生产建设兵团工业和信息化主管部门，有关行业组织，有关单位： |
| Virtual reality (including augmented reality and mixed reality, hereinafter referred to as the "VR") integrates the application of multi-domain technologies such as multimedia, sensors, new display, the Internet and artificial intelligence, is able to expand human perception and change the product modalities and service modes, and thus creates profound impacts on economy, technology, culture, military, life and other fields. The global virtual reality industry is striding from the initial cultivation period to the rapid development period. China has a rare opportunity to participate in the international technology industry innovation, but faces problems such as insufficient critical technologies and high-end products, inadequate contents and services, unsound innovation support system, and imperfect application ecology. For the purposes of accelerating the development of China's virtual reality industry, promoting innovation in the application of virtual reality, and cultivating new growth points and momentum for the information industry, the following opinions are hereby offered: | | 虚拟现实（含增强现实、混合现实，简称VR）融合应用了多媒体、传感器、新型显示、互联网和人工智能等多领域技术，能够拓展人类感知能力，改变产品形态和服务模式，给经济、科技、文化、军事、生活等领域带来深刻影响。全球虚拟现实产业正从起步培育期向快速发展期迈进，我国面临同步参与国际技术产业创新的难得机遇，但也存在关键技术和高端产品供给不足、内容与服务较为匮乏、创新支撑体系不健全、应用生态不完善等问题。为加快我国虚拟现实产业发展，推动虚拟现实应用创新，培育信息产业新增长点和新动能，现提出以下意见： |
| I. General requirements | | 一、总体要求 |
| 1. Guiding ideology | | （一）指导思想 |
| Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in a New Era shall be used as guidance, the spirit of the 19th CPC National Congress shall be comprehensively implemented, the development opportunities brought about by a new generation of information technology such as virtual reality shall be seized, market dominance, application traction, innovation drive, and coordinated development shall be adhered to, strengthening the research and development of technical products and enriching content service supply shall be taken as the starting point, optimizing the development environment, establishing standards and rules, and enhancing public services shall be taken as support, the industry's innovation and development capabilities shall be improved, and the widespread application of new technologies, products, business types, and models in various fields shall be promoted, so as to provide new momentum for the high-quality development of China's economy and society. | | 以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻党的十九大精神，把握虚拟现实等新一代信息技术孕育发展机遇，坚持市场主导、应用牵引、创新驱动、协同发展，以加强技术产品研发、丰富内容服务供给为抓手，以优化发展环境、建立标准规范、强化公共服务为支撑，提升产业创新发展能力，推动新技术、新产品、新业态、新模式在各领域广泛应用，推动我国信息产业高质量发展，为我国经济社会发展提供新动能。 |
| 2. Development objectives | | （二）发展目标 |
| By 2020, China's virtual reality industry chain will have been basically improved, the application in important economic and social industries and fields will have been deepened, certain industry technology innovation centers will have been built, remarkable breakthroughs in core and critical technological innovation will have been made, a group of model and exemplary applications and industry application solutions that can be replicated and promoted and produce manifest effects will have been created, a group of virtual reality industry innovation bases with outstanding characteristics will have been built, and a development pattern of coordinated advancement of technology, products, services and applications will have been initially formed. | | 到2020年，我国虚拟现实产业链条基本健全，在经济社会重要行业领域的应用得到深化，建设若干个产业技术创新中心，核心关键技术创新取得显著突破，打造一批可复制、可推广、成效显著的典型示范应用和行业应用解决方案，创建一批特色突出的虚拟现实产业创新基地，初步形成技术、产品、服务、应用协同推进的发展格局。 |
| By 2025, the overall strength of China's virtual reality industry will have ranked high in the world, critical core patents and standards relating to virtual reality will have been possessed, certain virtual reality backbone enterprises with relatively strong international competitiveness will have taken shape, innovation capability will have been significantly enhanced, the supply of application services will have been greatly improved, the comprehensive development strength of the industry will have leaped, and the virtual reality application capability will have been significantly enhanced, so as to promote the conspicuous improvement of the development quality and benefits in all economic and social fields. | | 到2025年，我国虚拟现实产业整体实力进入全球前列，掌握虚拟现实关键核心专利和标准，形成若干具有较强国际竞争力的虚拟现实骨干企业，创新能力显著增强，应用服务供给水平大幅提升，产业综合发展实力实现跃升，虚拟现实应用能力显著提升，推动经济社会各领域发展质量和效益显著提高。 |
| II. Key tasks | | 二、重点任务 |
| 1. Making breakthroughs in critical core technologies | | （一）突破关键核心技术 |
| The collaboration and cooperation among enterprises, educational institutions, research institutes and users shall be strengthened, and the research on basic theories, common technologies and applied technologies related to virtual reality shall be promoted. The driving of whole machine and pulling systems shall be adhered to, with a focus on virtual reality modeling, display, sensing, interaction and other key links, the research on dynamic environment modeling, generation of real-time 3D graphics, multivariate data processing, real-time motion capture, real-time location tracking, fast rendering and other key technologies shall be strengthened, and the research on and development and industrialization of graphics processing units ("GPU") for virtual reality, physics processing units ("PPU"), high-performance sensing processing units, and new near-eye display devices shall be accelerated. | | 加强产学研用协同合作，推动虚拟现实相关基础理论、共性技术和应用技术研究。坚持整机带动、系统牵引，围绕虚拟现实建模、显示、传感、交互等重点环节，加强动态环境建模、实时三维图形生成、多元数据处理、实时动作捕捉、实时定位跟踪、快速渲染处理等关键技术攻关，加快虚拟现实视觉图形处理器（GPU）、物理运算处理器（PPU）、高性能传感处理器、新型近眼显示器件等的研发和产业化。 |
| —Near-eye display technology. The mass production of new display devices and supporting driver chips with angular resolution of human eye of 30 pixels per degree ("PPD"), refresh rate of 100Hz or more, and millisecond response time shall be achieved. Human-friendly optical systems shall be developed to resolve the dizziness caused by vergence-accommodation conflict and low image quality. The industrialized stockpiling of micro-display technologies such as organic light-emitting diodes on silicon ("OLEDoS"), micro-light-emitting diodes ("MicroLEDs"), and light field displays shall be accelerated, and near-eye display shall be promoted in developing in high resolution, low latency, low power consumption, wide viewing angle, variable depth of field, thin and light, portable and other directions. | | --近眼显示技术。实现30PPD（每度像素数）单眼角分辨率、100Hz以上刷新率、毫秒级响应时间的新型显示器件及配套驱动芯片的规模量产。发展适人性光学系统，解决因辐合调节冲突、画面质量过低等引发的眩晕感。加速硅基有机发光二级管（OLEDoS）、微发光二极管（MicroLED）、光场显示等微显示技术的产业化储备，推动近眼显示向高分辨率、低时延、低功耗、广视角、可变景深、轻薄小型化等方向发展。 |
| —Perceptual interaction technology. The research on and development and industrialization of GHz inertial sensors of six-axis and above and 3D cameras shall be accelerated. Robust and millimeter-accurate inside-out positional tracking devices and motion capture devices shall be developed. The innovation in, research on and development of immersive sound, voice interaction, eye tracking, tactile feedback, facial expression recognition, brain–computer interface, and other technologies shall be accelerated, and multi-sensor data fusion algorithm shall be optimized, so as to promote perceptual interaction in developing in high accuracy, natural, mobile, multi-channel, low-power consumption and other directions. | | --感知交互技术。加快六轴及以上GHz惯性传感器、3D摄像头等的研发与产业化。发展鲁棒性强、毫米级精度的自内向外（inside-out）追踪定位设备及动作捕捉设备。加快浸入式声场、语音交互、眼球追踪、触觉反馈、表情识别、脑电交互等技术的创新研发，优化传感融合算法，推动感知交互向高精度、自然化、移动化、多通道、低功耗等方向发展。 |
| —Rendering technology. Rendering optimization algorithms based on visual characteristics and head movement-based interaction shall be optimized, and the research on and development and industrialization of latency optimization algorithms ancillary to high-performance GPU shall be accelerated. Breakthroughs shall be made in key technologies such as new-generation graphics interfaces, rendering-specific hardware acceleration chips, cloud rendering, light field rendering, and retina rendering, so as to promote rendering technology in developing in high image quality, low latency, and low power consumption directions. | | --渲染处理技术。发展基于视觉特性、头动交互的渲染优化算法，加快高性能GPU配套时延优化算法的研发与产业化。突破新一代图形接口、渲染专用硬加速芯片、云端渲染、光场渲染、视网膜渲染等关键技术，推动渲染处理技术向高画质、低时延、低功耗方向发展。 |
| —Content production technology. Full-view 12K resolution, frame rate of 60 frames per second, high dynamic range ("HDR"), multi-camera synchronization and separate exposure, wireless real-time preview, and other image capture technologies shall be developed, and the focus shall be on high-quality panoramic 3D real-time stitching algorithms, and the universality and consistency of development engine, software, peripherals and head-mounted platforms among themselves shall be achieved. | | --内容制作技术。发展全视角12K分辨率、60帧/秒帧率、高动态范围（HDR）、多摄像机同步与单独曝光、无线实时预览等影像捕捉技术，重点突破高质量全景三维实时拼接算法，实现开发引擎、软件、外设与头显平台间的通用性和一致性。 |
| 2. Increasing the effective supply of products | | （二）丰富产品有效供给 |
| To meet the need for information consumption upgrading and application in industries and fields, the research on and development and industrialization of complete machine virtual reality equipment, sensory interaction equipment, content collection and production equipment, development toolkits, industry solutions and distribution platforms shall be accelerated, so as to increase the effective supply of virtual reality products. | | 面向信息消费升级需求和行业领域应用需求，加快虚拟现实整机设备、感知交互设备、内容采集制作设备、开发工具软件、行业解决方案、分发平台的研发及产业化，丰富虚拟现实产品的有效供给。 |
—Complete machine equipment. Complete machine virtual reality equipment that is low-cost, high-performance, in line with the physiological characteristics of human eyes, and in modalities such as system units, mobile phones, all-in-ones, vehicle-mounted type, cave, contact lens shall be developed. Virtual reality industry terminal equipment for key industries and fields such as manufacturing, education, culture, and health, commerce, and specific application scenarios shall be researched and developed.
．．．．．． | | --整机设备。发展低成本、高性能、符合人眼生理特性的主机式、手机式、一体机式、车载式、洞穴式、隐形眼镜式等形态的虚拟现实整机设备。研发面向制造、教育、文化、健康、商贸等重点行业领域及特定应用场景的虚拟现实行业终端设备。
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