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Water and Soil Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China (2010 Revision) [Effective]
中华人民共和国水土保持法(2010修订) [现行有效]
【法宝引证码】

 
Order of the President of the People's Republic of China 

中华人民共和国主席令


(No.39)
 
(第三十九号)


The Water and Soil Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China, as amended at the 18th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on December 25, 2010, is hereby promulgated, and shall come into force on March 1, 2011.
 
《中华人民共和国水土保持法》已由中华人民共和国第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十八次会议于2010年12月25日修订通过,现将修订后的《中华人民共和国水土保持法》公布,自2011年3月1日起施行。

President of the People's Republic of China: Hu Jintao
 
中华人民共和国主席 胡锦涛

December 25, 2010
 
2010年12月25日

Water and Soil Conservation Law of the People's Republic of China
 
中华人民共和国水土保持法

(Adopted at the 20th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the 7th National People's Congress on June 29, 1991 and amended at the 18th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the 11th National People's Congress on December 25, 2010)
 
(1991年6月29日第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十次会议通过2010年12月25日第十一届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十八次会议修订)

 
Contents 目 录

 
Chapter I General Provisions 第一章 总 则

 
Chapter II Planning 第二章 规 划

 
Chapter III Prevention 第三章 预 防

 
Chapter IV Control 第四章 治 理

 
Chapter V Monitoring and Supervision 第五章 监测和监督

 
Chapter VI Legal Liability 第六章 法律责任

 
Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions 第七章 附 则

 
Chapter I General Provisions 

第一章 总 则


 
Article 1 This Law is formulated to prevent and control water and soil loss, protect and reasonably utilize water and soil resources, reduce disasters of flood, drought and sandstorm, improve the ecological environment and guarantee sustainable economic and social development.   第一条 为了预防和治理水土流失,保护和合理利用水土资源,减轻水、旱、风沙灾害,改善生态环境,保障经济社会可持续发展,制定本法。

 
Article 2 Water and soil conservation activities within the territory of the People's Republic of China shall be governed by this Law.   第二条 在中华人民共和国境内从事水土保持活动,应当遵守本法。

For the purposes of this Law, “water and soil conservation” refers to the measures taken to prevent and control water and soil loss resulting from natural factors or human activities.
 
本法所称水土保持,是指对自然因素和人为活动造成水土流失所采取的预防和治理措施。

 
Article 3 In water and soil conservation, the state shall give priority to prevention, make overall planning, exercise comprehensive control, adopt measures suited to local conditions, strengthen scientific management, and lay stress on efficiency.   第三条 水土保持工作实行预防为主、保护优先、全面规划、综合治理、因地制宜、突出重点、科学管理、注重效益的方针。

 
Article 4 The people's government at or above the county level shall strengthen the unified leadership of water and soil conservation work, bring it into the national economic and social development plan at the same level, arrange special purpose funds for tasks determined in the water and soil conservation planning, and organize the implementation thereof.   第四条 县级以上人民政府应当加强对水土保持工作的统一领导,将水土保持工作纳入本级国民经济和社会发展规划,对水土保持规划确定的任务,安排专项资金,并组织实施。

In key areas for the prevention of water and soil loss (hereinafter referred to as “key prevention areas”) and key areas for the control of water and soil loss (hereinafter referred to as “key control areas”), the target responsibility system and the performance-based reward and punishment system shall apply to the local people's governments at all levels in respect of water and soil conservation.
 
国家在水土流失重点预防区和重点治理区,实行地方各级人民政府水土保持目标责任制和考核奖惩制度。

 
Article 5 The water administrative department of the State Council shall be in charge of the water and soil conservation work of the whole nation.   第五条 国务院水行政主管部门主管全国的水土保持工作。

The river basin administrative bodies set up by the water administrative department of the State Council at important rivers or lakes as determined by the state (hereinafter referred to as “river basin administrative bodies”) shall perform their supervisory and administrative functions on water and soil conservation within their respective jurisdictions.
 
国务院水行政主管部门在国家确定的重要江河、湖泊设立的流域管理机构(以下简称流域管理机构),在所管辖范围内依法承担水土保持监督管理职责。

The water administrative department of the local people's government at or above the county level shall be in charge of the water and soil conservation work within its administrative region.
 
县级以上地方人民政府水行政主管部门主管本行政区域的水土保持工作。

The departments of forestry, agriculture, and land and resources of the people's government at or above the county level shall do a good job in the prevention and control of water and soil loss within their respective functions.
 
县级以上人民政府林业、农业、国土资源等有关部门按照各自职责,做好有关的水土流失预防和治理工作。

 
Article 6 The people's governments at all levels and the relevant departments thereof shall strengthen the publicity and education on water and soil conservation, disseminate scientific knowledge about water and soil conservation, and raise the public's awareness of water and soil conservation.   第六条 各级人民政府及其有关部门应当加强水土保持宣传和教育工作,普及水土保持科学知识,增强公众的水土保持意识。

 
Article 7 The state encourages and supports science and technology research on water and soil conservation to improve the scientific and technological level of water and soil conservation, promote advanced technologies for water and soil conservation and foster scientific and technological talents for water and soil conservation.   第七条 国家鼓励和支持水土保持科学技术研究,提高水土保持科学技术水平,推广先进的水土保持技术,培养水土保持科学技术人才。

 
Article 8 All entities and individuals shall have the obligation to protect water and soil resources and prevent and control water and soil loss, and have the right to report conduct damaging water and soil resources or causing water and soil loss.   第八条 任何单位和个人都有保护水土资源、预防和治理水土流失的义务,并有权对破坏水土资源、造成水土流失的行为进行举报。

 
Article 9 The state encourages and supports the participation of social forces in the water and soil conservation work.   第九条 国家鼓励和支持社会力量参与水土保持工作。

Entities and individuals with outstanding performance in water and soil conservation shall be commended and rewarded by the people's government at or above the county level.
 
对水土保持工作中成绩显著的单位和个人,由县级以上人民政府给予表彰和奖励。

 
Chapter II Planning 

第二章 规 划


 
Article 10 Water and soil conservation plans shall be made based on the results of water and soil loss investigation and delimitation of key prevention areas and key control areas, under the principle of overall coordination and classified guidance.   第十条 水土保持规划应当在水土流失调查结果及水土流失重点预防区和重点治理区划定的基础上,遵循统筹协调、分类指导的原则编制。

 
Article 11 The water administrative department of the State Council shall organize nationwide water and soil loss investigations and announce the investigation results on a regular basis.   第十一条 国务院水行政主管部门应当定期组织全国水土流失调查并公告调查结果。

The water administrative departments of the people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be responsible for investigating water and soil loss within their respective administrative regions, and announce the investigation results after submitting them to the water administrative department of the State Council for archival purposes.
 
省、自治区、直辖市人民政府水行政主管部门负责本行政区域的水土流失调查并公告调查结果,公告前应当将调查结果报国务院水行政主管部门备案。

 
Article 12 The people's government at or above the county level shall delimit and announce key prevention areas and key control areas according to the results of water and soil loss investigation.   第十二条 县级以上人民政府应当依据水土流失调查结果划定并公告水土流失重点预防区和重点治理区。

Areas with a great potential risk of water and soil loss shall be delimited as key prevention areas; and areas with serious water and soil loss shall be delimited as key control areas.
 
对水土流失潜在危险较大的区域,应当划定为水土流失重点预防区;对水土流失严重的区域,应当划定为水土流失重点治理区。

 
Article 13 Water and soil conservation plans shall cover the status quo of water and soil loss, delimitation of different types of zones of water and soil loss, targets, tasks and measures for the prevention and control of water and soil loss, etc.   第十三条 水土保持规划的内容应当包括水土流失状况、水土流失类型区划分、水土流失防治目标、任务和措施等。

Water and soil conservation plans shall include the overall arrangements on the prevention and control of water and soil loss and the protection and reasonable utilization of water and soil resources in river basins or areas and the specific arrangements on special water and soil conservation tasks or prevention and control of water and soil loss in specific areas on the basis of the overall arrangements.
 
水土保持规划包括对流域或者区域预防和治理水土流失、保护和合理利用水土资源作出的整体部署,以及根据整体部署对水土保持专项工作或者特定区域预防和治理水土流失作出的专项部署。

Water and soil conservation planning shall be coordinated with the overall land use planning, water resources planning, urban and rural planning and environmental protection planning.
 
水土保持规划应当与土地利用总体规划、水资源规划、城乡规划和环境保护规划等相协调。

In the making of water and soil conservation plans, the opinions of experts and the general public shall be solicited.
 
编制水土保持规划,应当征求专家和公众的意见。

 
Article 14 The water administrative department of the people's government at or above the county level shall make a water and soil conservation plan in conjunction with the relevant departments of the people's government at the same level, and the water administrative department shall organize the execution of the plan after the plan is approved by the people's government at the same level or a department authorized by it.   第十四条 县级以上人民政府水行政主管部门会同同级人民政府有关部门编制水土保持规划,报本级人民政府或者其授权的部门批准后,由水行政主管部门组织实施。

A water and soil conservation plan shall be strictly executed once it is approved. Any necessary amendment made to an approved plan according to the actualities shall be reported to the original approving organ for approval under the planning procedure.
 
水土保持规划一经批准,应当严格执行;经批准的规划根据实际情况需要修改的,应当按照规划编制程序报原批准机关批准。

 
Article 15 For a plan on infrastructure construction, mineral resource development, urban construction or public utility construction which may cause water and soil loss in the course of execution, the organ making the plan shall propose countermeasures for the prevention and control of water and soil loss in the plan, and before submitting it for approval, solicit the opinion of the water administrative department of the people's government at the same level.   第十五条 有关基础设施建设、矿产资源开发、城镇建设、公共服务设施建设等方面的规划,在实施过程中可能造成水土流失的,规划的组织编制机关应当在规划中提出水土流失预防和治理的对策和措施,并在规划报请审批前征求本级人民政府水行政主管部门的意见。

 
Chapter III Prevention 

第三章 预 防


 
Article 16 The local people's governments at all levels shall, according to their water and soil conservation plans, take measures such as closure protection and natural rehabilitation, organize entities and individuals to plant trees and grass, enlarge the area covered by trees and grass, and conserve water sources, so as to prevent or reduce water and soil loss.   第十六条 地方各级人民政府应当按照水土保持规划,采取封育保护、自然修复等措施,组织单位和个人植树种草,扩大林草覆盖面积,涵养水源,预防和减轻水土流失。

 
Article 17 The local people's governments at all levels shall strengthen the administration of soil or sand excavation, quarrying and other activities to prevent or reduce water and soil loss.   第十七条 地方各级人民政府应当加强对取土、挖砂、采石等活动的管理,预防和减轻水土流失。

It shall be prohibited to carry out soil or sand excavation, quarrying or any other activity that may cause water and soil loss in areas with collapse or landslide danger or areas prone to debris flow. Such areas shall be delimited and announced by the local people's governments at and above the county level. In the delimitation of such areas, the areas prone to geologic hazards and key prevention and control areas as determined in the geological hazard prevention and control planning shall be taken into account.
 
禁止在崩塌、滑坡危险区和泥石流易发区从事取土、挖砂、采石等可能造成水土流失的活动。崩塌、滑坡危险区和泥石流易发区的范围,由县级以上地方人民政府划定并公告。崩塌、滑坡危险区和泥石流易发区的划定,应当与地质灾害防治规划确定的地质灾害易发区、重点防治区相衔接。

 
Article 18 In areas with serious water and soil loss or in ecologically vulnerable areas, production and construction activities that may cause water and soil loss should be restricted or prohibited, and vegetation, sand shell, crust, lichen, etc., shall be strictly protected.   第十八条 水土流失严重、生态脆弱的地区,应当限制或者禁止可能造成水土流失的生产建设活动,严格保护植物、沙壳、结皮、地衣等。

On the slope and bank of erosion grooves, on both sides of rives and in the surrounding areas of lakes and reservoirs, owners of land, holders of right to use land or the relevant management entities shall build plant protection bands. Reclamation or exploitation on such bands shall be prohibited.
 
在侵蚀沟的沟坡和沟岸、河流的两岸以及湖泊和水库的周边,土地所有权人、使用权人或者有关管理单位应当营造植物保护带。禁止开垦、开发植物保护带。

 
Article 19 Owners of or holders of right to use water and soil conservation facilities shall strengthen the management and maintenance of such facilities, fulfill the management and maintenance responsibilities, and guarantee the normal functioning thereof.   第十九条 水土保持设施的所有权人或者使用权人应当加强对水土保持设施的管理与维护,落实管护责任,保障其功能正常发挥。

 
Article 20 It shall be prohibited to cultivate or plant crops at sloping fields with a 25-degree slope or above. For the planting of economic forests in such fields, the species of trees shall be scientifically selected, the size of forests shall be reasonably determined, and water and soil conservation measures shall be taken to prevent water and soil loss.   第二十条 禁止在二十五度以上陡坡地开垦种植农作物。在二十五度以上陡坡地种植经济林的,应当科学选择树种,合理确定规模,采取水土保持措施,防止造成水土流失。

Provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government may, in light of the actualities of their respective administrative regions, set a grade less than 25 degree as the reclamation prohibition limit. The range of sloping fields where reclamation is prohibited shall be delimited and announced by the local people's government at the county level.
 
省、自治区、直辖市根据本行政区域的实际情况,可以规定小于二十五度的禁止开垦坡度。禁止开垦的陡坡地的范围由当地县级人民政府划定并公告。

 
Article 21 Reclamation by destroying forest or grassland or collection of long thread moss shall be prohibited. It shall be prohibited to shovel turf, dig up tree stumps or excessively dig up caterpillar fungus, liquorice or ephedrae in key prevention areas and key control areas.
......
   第二十一条 禁止毁林、毁草开垦和采集发菜。禁止在水土流失重点预防区和重点治理区铲草皮、挖树兜或者滥挖虫草、甘草、麻黄等。
......

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