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| Abstract of the Report on Rural Financial Services in China (2018) | | 《中国农村金融服务报告2018》摘要 |
| (The People's Bank of China, September 20, 2019) | | （中国人民银行 2019年9月20日） |
| The CPC Central Committee and the State Council has attached great importance to the core role of rural finance in serving agriculture, rural areas, and farmers. Since 2003, the central government has unswervingly pressed ahead with a series of important reforms, including deepening the reform of rural credit cooperatives, and introduced a number of supportive policies to accelerate the innovative development of rural finance. The rural financial services system has been increasingly improved; the rural financial services capability has been significantly enhanced; the rural financial ecological environment has been continuously improved. All this has played an important role in promoting agricultural production, rural economic development and increasing farmers' income. Since 2007, when the statistical system of agriculture-related loans was established, the total balance of agriculture-related loans of all financial institutions has increased by 534. 4%, an average annual growth rate of 16.5% over 11 years. The balance of agriculture-related loans rose from RMB61,000 at the end of 2007 to 320,000 at the end of 2008, and its proportion in loans from 22％ to 24％. Direct finance such as bonds and stocks has also developed rapidly. The agricultural futures market has developed from scratch, and its functions have gradually become apparent. From 2007 to 2018, China's agricultural insurance premium income rose from RMB5.18 billion to RMB57.27 billion, with the number of insured farming households increasing from 49.81 million to 195 million, a 10. 1 and 2.9-fold rise, respectively. | | 党中央、国务院高度重视发挥农村金融在服务“三农”中的核心作用。2003年以来，中央坚定不移地推进农村信用社深化改革等一系列重要改革，出台多项扶持政策，加快农村金融创新发展。农村金融服务体系日益健全，农村金融服务能力显著增强，农村金融生态环境持续改善，为促进农业生产、农村经济发展和农民增收发挥了重要作用。自2007年创立涉农贷款统计以来，全部金融机构涉农贷款余额累计增长534．4％，11年间平均年增速为16．5％。涉农贷款余额从2007年末的6．1万亿元增加至2018年末的32．7万亿元，占各项贷款的比重从22％提高至 24％。债券、股票等直接融资也有较快发展，农产品期货市场从无到有，功能逐渐显现。2007年至2018年，我国农业保险保费收入从51．8亿元增长到572．7亿元，参保农户从4981万户次增长到1．95亿户次，分别增长了10．1倍和2．9倍。 |
| In recent years, the People's Bank of China and relevant departments have fully implemented the rural revitalization strategy, continuously deepened reforms, improved the supportive policy system, actively encouraged financial institutions to innovate their products and service modes, and steadily advanced the construction of rural financial infrastructure, so that the coverage, availability, and convenience of rural financial services have been continuously improved. A review of the reform measures and innovation practices has found that relevant departments have mainly conducted the following work. | | 近年来，人民银行和有关部门全面贯彻落实乡村振兴战略部署，不断深化改革，完善扶持政策体系，积极引导金融机构创新产品和服务方式，扎实推进农村金融基础设施建设，农村金融服务的覆盖面、可得性和便利性不断改善。回顾其中的改革措施和创新实践，相关部门主要做了以下工作。 |
| In terms of supportive policies, the policy synergy has been strengthened. By flexibly using monetary policy instruments such as differentiated reserve ratios, re-lending, re-discounting, and pledged supplementary lending (PSL), relevant departments have, in light of dynamic adjustment of macro-prudential assessment parameters, continued to encourage financial institutions to increase financial support for agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, as well as micro and small-sized enterprises. As of the end of 2018, the balance of re-loans nationwide to support agriculture and micro and small-sized enterprises accounted to RMB287 billion and RMB 217.2 billion, respectively, and PSL facility to China Development Bank, Agricultural Development Bank of China and Export-Import Bank of China stood at 3.3795 trillion. A combination of means such as tax preference, discounted interest, rewards and subsidies, and premium subsidies have been used to encourage financial institutions to increase their support for agriculture. Information on inclusive financial services has been included in the regulatory evaluation system to clarify differentiated regulatory requirements for capital management and tolerance for non-performing loans. | | 在扶持政策方面，强化政策合力。继续灵活运用差别化准备金率、再贷款、再贴现、抵押补充贷款等货币政策工具，结合宏观审慎评估参数的动态调整，引导金融机构加大对“三农”、小微企业的金融支持力度。截至2018年末，全国支农、支小再贷款余额分别为2 870亿元、2 172亿元，向国家开发银行、农业发展银行、进出口银行提供抵押补充贷款33 795亿元。综合运用税收优惠、贴息、奖补、保费补贴等手段激励金融机构加大支农力度。将普惠金融服务情况纳入监管评价体系，明确资本管理、不良贷款容忍度等差异化监管要求。 |
In terms of rural financial reform, agriculture-related banking institutions have been returning to their original mission, and take serving the real economy as their starting point and foothold. The operational mechanism of Agricultural Bank of China's “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” financial business divisions has been continuously improved, and the “agriculture, rural areas and farmers” financial business management structure for the 36 Tier-1 branches of the bank has been established. Five large banks and ten joint-stock banks have set up inclusive finance divisions or other departments or centers specializing in the inclusive finance business to build a business line-based management system and specialized operation mechanism. The pilot program of investment management village banks and "cross-county" village banks have been conducted. Rural credit cooperatives have accelerated restructuring and optimized corporate governance.
．．．．．． | | 在农村金融改革方面，涉农银行业机构不断回归本源，将服务实体经济作为出发点和落脚点。农业银行“三农”金融事业部运行机制不断完善，邮储银行36家一级分行“三农”金融业务管理架构搭建完毕。5家大型银行和10家股份制银行设立了普惠金融事业部或其他专司普惠金融业务的部门或中心，构建条线化管理体制和专业化经营机制。开展投资管理型村镇银行和“多县一行”制村镇银行试点。农村信用社加快推进改制与优化公司治理。
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