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| Announcement of the National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会公告 |
The Amendment to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, as adopted at the Second Session of the Ninth National People's Congress on March 15, 1999, is hereby issued for Implementation. | |
《中华人民共和国宪法修正案》已由中华人民共和国第九届全国人民代表大会第二次会议于１９９９年３月１５日通过，现予公布施行。 |
Presidium of the Second Session of the Ninth National People's Congress | |
中华人民共和国第九届全国人民代表大会第二次会议主席团 |
March 15, 1999 Beijing | |
１９９９年３月１５日于北京 |
Amendment to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China (1999) | |
中华人民共和国宪法修正案 |
(Adopted at the Second Session of the Ninth National People's Congress on March 15, 1999) | |
（１９９９年３月１５日第九届全国人民代表大会第二次会议通过） |
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| Article 12 The seventh paragraph of the Preamble to the Constitution, which reads, "The victory in China's New-Democratic Revolution and the successes in its socialist cause have been achieved by the Chinese people of all nationalities, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, by upholding truth, correcting errors and surmounting numerous difficulties and hardships. China is at the primary stage of socialism. The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its effort on socialist modernization in line with the theory of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, the Chinese people of all nationalities will continue to adhere to the people's democratic dictatorship and the socialist road, persevere in reform and opening to the outside world, steadily improve socialist institutions, develop socialist democracy, improve the socialist legal system and work hard and self-reliantly to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a socialist country that is prosperous, powerful, democratic and culturally advanced", is revised to read, "The victory in China's New-Democratic Revolution and the successes in its socialist cause have been achieved by the Chinese people of all nationalities, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, by upholding truth, correcting errors and surmounting numerous difficulties and hardships. China will be in the primary stage of socialism for a long time to come. The basic task of the nation is to concentrate its effort on socialist modernization along the road of building socialism with Chinese characteristics. Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Chinese people of all nationalities will continue to adhere to the people's democratic dictatorship and the socialist road, persevere in reform and opening to the outside world, steadily improve socialist institutions, develop the socialist market economy, develop socialist democracy, improve the socialist legal system and work hard and self-reliantly to modernize the country's industry, agriculture, national defence and science and technology step by step to turn China into a socialist country that is prosperous, powerful, democratic and culturally advanced." | | 第十二条 宪法序言第七自然段：“中国新民主主义革命的胜利和社会主义事业的成就，都是中国共产党领导中国各族人民，在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想的指引下，坚持真理，修正错误，战胜许多艰难险阻而取得的。我国正处于社会主义初级阶段。国家的根本任务是，根据建设有中国特色社会主义的理论，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设。中国各族人民将继续在中国共产党领导下，在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想指引下，坚持人民民主专政，坚持社会主义道路，坚持改革开放，不断完善社会主义的各项制度，发展社会主义民主，健全社会主义法制，自力更生，艰苦奋斗，逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。”修改为：“中国新民主主义革命的胜利和社会主义事业的成就，是中国共产党领导中国各族人民，在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想的指引下，坚持真理，修正错误，战胜许多艰难险阻而取得的。我国将长期处于社会主义初级阶段。国家的根本任务是，沿着建设有中国特色社会主义的道路，集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设。中国各族人民将继续在中国共产党领导下，在马克思列宁主义、毛泽东思想、邓小平理论指引下，坚持人民民主专政，坚持社会主义道路，坚持改革开放，不断完善社会主义的各项制度，发展社会主义市场经济，发展社会主义民主，健全社会主义法制，自力更生，艰苦奋斗，逐步实现工业、农业、国防和科学技术的现代化，把我国建设成为富强、民主、文明的社会主义国家。” |
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| Article 13 A new paragraph is added to Article 5 of the Constitution as the first paragraph, which reads, "The People's Republic of China governs the country according to law and makes it a socialist country under rule of law." | | 第十三条 宪法第五条增加一款，作为第一款，规定：“中华人民共和国实行依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家。” |
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| Article 14 Article 6 of the Constitution, which reads, "The basis of the socialist economic system of the People's Republic of China is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people." "The system of socialist public ownership supersedes the system of exploitation of man by man; it applies the principle of 'from each according to his ability, to each according to his work'", is revised to read, "The basis of the socialist economic system of the People's Republic of China is socialist public ownership of the means of production, namely, ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people. The system of socialist public ownership supersedes the system of exploitation of man by man; it applies the principle of 'from each according to his ability, to each according to his work'." "In the primary stage of socialism, the State upholds the basic economic system in which the public ownership is dominant and diverse forms of ownership develop side by side and keeps to the distribution system in which distribution according to work is dominant and diverse modes of distribution coexist." | | 第十四条 宪法第六条：“中华人民共和国的社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。”“社会主义公有制消灭人剥削人的制度，实行各尽所能，按劳分配的原则。”修改为：“中华人民共和国的社会主义经济制度的基础是生产资料的社会主义公有制，即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。社会主义公有制消灭人剥削人的制度，实行各尽所能、按劳分配的原则。”“国家在社会主义初级阶段，坚持公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度，坚持按劳分配为主体、多种分配方式并存的分配制度。” |
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| Article 15 The first paragraph of Article 8 of the Constitution, which reads, "In rural areas the responsibility system, the main form of which is household contract that links remuneration to output, and other forms of cooperative economy, such as producers', supply and marketing, credit and consumers' cooperatives, belong to the sector of socialist economy under collective ownership by the working people. Working people who are members of rural economic collectives have the right, within the limits prescribed by law, to farm plots of cropland and hilly land allotted for their private use, engage in household sideline production and raise privately owned livestock", is revised to read, "The rural collective economic organizations apply the dual operation system characterized by the combination of centralized operation with decentralized operation on the basis of operation by households under a contract. In rural areas, all forms of cooperative economy, such as producers', supply and marketing, credit and consumers' cooperatives, belong to the sector of socialist economy under collective ownership by the working people. Working people who are members of rural economic collectives have the right, within the limits prescribed by law, to farm plots of cropland and hilly land allotted for their private use, engage in household sideline production and raise privately owned livestock." | | 第十五条 宪法第八条第一款：“农村中的家庭联产承包为主的责任制和生产、供销、信用、消费等各种形式的合作经济，是社会主义劳动群众集体所有制经济。参加农村集体经济组织的劳动者，有权在法律规定的范围内经营自留地、自留山、家庭副业和饲养自留畜。”修改为：“农村集体经济组织实行家庭承包经营为基础、统分结合的双层经营体制。农村中的生产、供销、信用、消费等各种形式的合作经济，是社会主义劳动群众集体所有制经济。参加农村集体经济组织的劳动者，有权在法律规定的范围内经营自留地、自留山、家庭副业和饲养自留畜。” |
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| Article 16 Article 11 of the Constitution, which reads, "The individual economy of urban and rural working people, operating within the limits prescribed by law, is a complement to the socialist public economy. The State protects the lawful rights and interests of the individual economy." "The State guides, assists and supervises the individual economy by administrative control." "The State permits the private sector of the economy to exist and develop within the limits prescribed by law. The private sector of the economy is a complement to the socialist public sector of the economy. The State protects the lawful rights and interests of the private sector of the economy, and exercises guidance, supervision and control over the private sector of the economy", is revised to read, "The non-public sectors of the economy such as the individual and private sectors of the economy, operating within the limits prescribed by law, constitute an important component of the socialist market economy." " The State protects the lawful rights and interests of the individual and private sectors of the economy, and exercises guidance, supervision and control over the individual and the private sectors of the economy." | | 第十六条 宪法第十一条：“在法律规定范围内的城乡劳动者个体经济，是社会主义公有制经济的补充。国家保护个体经济的合法的权利和利益。”“国家通过行政管理，指导、帮助和监督个体经济。”“国家允许私营经济在法律规定的范围内存在和发展。私营经济是社会主义公有制经济的补充。国家保护私营经济的合法的权利和利益，对私营经济实行引导、监督和管理。”修改为：“在法律规定范围内的个体经济、私营经济等非公有制经济，是社会主义市场经济的重要组成部分。”“国家保护个体经济、私营经济的合法的权利和利益。国家对个体经济、私营经济实行引导、监督和管理。” |
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| Article 17 Article 28 of the Constitution, which reads, "The State maintains public order and suppresses treasonable and other counter-revolutionary activities; it penalizes criminal activities that endanger public security and disrupt the socialist economy as well as other criminal activities; and it punishes and reforms criminals", is revised to read, "The State maintains public order and suppresses treasonable and other criminal activities that endanger State security; it penalizes criminal activities that endanger public security and disrupt the socialist economy as well as other criminal activities; and it punishes and reforms criminals." | | 第十七条 宪法第二十八条：“国家维护社会秩序，镇压叛国和其他反革命的活动，制裁危害社会治安、破坏社会主义经济和其他犯罪的活动，惩办和改造犯罪分子。”修改为：“国家维护社会秩序，镇压叛国和其他危害国家安全的犯罪活动，制裁危害社会治安、破坏社会主义经济和其他犯罪的活动，惩办和改造犯罪分子。” |
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