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Organic Law of the People's Courts of the People's Republic of China (2018 Revision) [Effective]
中华人民共和国人民法院组织法(2018修订) [现行有效]
【法宝引证码】

Order of the President of the People's Republic of China 

中华人民共和国主席令

(No. 11) (第十一号)

The Organic Law of the People's Courts of the People's Republic of China, as revised and adopted at the 6th session of the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on October 26, 2018, is hereby issued, and shall come into force on January 1, 2019. 中华人民共和国人民法院组织法》已由中华人民共和国第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议于2018年10月26日修订通过,现将修订后的《中华人民共和国人民法院组织法》公布,自2019年1月1日起施行。
President of the People's Republic of China: Xi Jinping 中华人民共和国主席 习近平
October 26, 2018 2018年10月26日
Organic Law of the People's Courts of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国人民法院组织法
(Adopted at the 2nd session of the Fifth National People's Congress on July 1, 1979, amended for the first time according to the Decision of the 2nd Session of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on Amending the Organic Law of the People's Courts of the People's Republic of China on September 2, 1983; amended for the second time according to the Decision of the 18th Session of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on Amending the Organic Law of the Local People's Congresses at All Levels and Local People's Governments at All Levels of the People's Republic of China on December 2, 1986; amended for the third time according to the Decision of the 24th Session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on Amending the Organic Law of the People's Courts of the People's Republic of China on October 31, 2006; and revised at the 6th session of the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People's Congress on October 26, 2018) (1979年7月1日第五届全国人民代表大会第二次会议通过 根据1983年9月2日第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国人民法院组织法〉的决定》第一次修正 根据1986年12月2日第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十八次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国地方各级人民代表大会和地方各级人民政府组织法〉的决定》第二次修正 根据2006年10月31日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十四次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国人民法院组织法〉的决定》第三次修正2018年10月26日第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议修订)
Contents 目  录
Chapter I General Provisions 第一章 总  则
Chapter II Setup and Functions and Powers of the People's Courts 第二章 人民法院的设置和职权
Chapter III Trial Organization of the People's Courts 第三章 人民法院的审判组织
Chapter IV Personnel Composition of the People's Courts 第四章 人民法院的人员组成
Chapter V Guarantee for Exercise of Functions and Powers by the People's Courts 第五章 人民法院行使职权的保障
Chapter VI Supplementary Provisions 第六章 附  则
Chapter I General Provisions 

第一章 总  则

Article 1 For purposes of regulating the setup, organization and functions and powers of the people's courts, and guaranteeing the people's courts' lawful performance of duties, this Law is developed according to the Constitution.   第一条 为了规范人民法院的设置、组织和职权,保障人民法院依法履行职责,根据宪法,制定本法。
Article 2 The people's courts are the judicial organs of the state.   第二条 人民法院是国家的审判机关。
The people's courts shall, by trial of criminal cases, civil cases, administrative cases and other cases prescribed by law, punish criminals, protect innocent people from criminal investigation, resolve civil and administrative disputes, protect the lawful rights and interests of individuals and organizations, supervise administrative authorities' exercise of functions and powers according to the law, protect the state security and social order, safeguard social fairness and justice, protect the unity of the legal system, dignity and authority of the state, and ensure the smooth progress of the socialist construction with Chinese characteristics. 人民法院通过审判刑事案件、民事案件、行政案件以及法律规定的其他案件,惩罚犯罪,保障无罪的人不受刑事追究,解决民事、行政纠纷,保护个人和组织的合法权益,监督行政机关依法行使职权,维护国家安全和社会秩序,维护社会公平正义,维护国家法制统一、尊严和权威,保障中国特色社会主义建设的顺利进行。
Article 3 The people's courts shall be set up in accordance with the Constitution, the laws and the decisions of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.   第三条 人民法院依照宪法、法律和全国人民代表大会常务委员会的决定设置。
Article 4 The people's courts shall independently exercise the judicial power according to the law, and shall not be subject to interference by any administrative organ, social organization or individual.   第四条 人民法院依照法律规定独立行使审判权,不受行政机关、社会团体和个人的干涉。
Article 5 The trial of cases by the people's courts shall be equal in the application of law, no organization or individual shall have any privilege to transgress the law, and discrimination in any form shall be prohibited.   第五条 人民法院审判案件在适用法律上一律平等,不允许任何组织和个人有超越法律的特权,禁止任何形式的歧视。
Article 6 The people's courts shall uphold judicial justice, take facts as the basis and laws as the criterion, comply with the legal procedures, protect the litigation rights and other lawful rights and interests of individuals and organizations, and respect and protect human rights.   第六条 人民法院坚持司法公正,以事实为根据,以法律为准绳,遵守法定程序,依法保护个人和组织的诉讼权利和其他合法权益,尊重和保障人权。
Article 7 The people's courts shall implement judicial transparency, except as otherwise prescribed by law.   第七条 人民法院实行司法公开,法律另有规定的除外。
Article 8 The people's courts shall implement the judicial responsibility system, and establish and improve the judicial power operation mechanism with a unity of powers and responsibilities.   第八条 人民法院实行司法责任制,建立健全权责统一的司法权力运行机制。
Article 9 The Supreme People's Court (“SPC”) shall be responsible to and report its work to the National People's Congress and its Standing Committee. The local people's courts at all levels shall be responsible to and report their work to the people's congresses at the corresponding levels and their standing committees.   第九条 最高人民法院对全国人民代表大会及其常务委员会负责并报告工作。地方各级人民法院对本级人民代表大会及其常务委员会负责并报告工作。
The people's congresses at all levels and their standing committees shall supervise the work of the people's courts at the corresponding levels. 各级人民代表大会及其常务委员会对本级人民法院的工作实施监督。
Article 10 The SPC is the judicial organ at the highest level.   第十条 最高人民法院是最高审判机关。
The SPC shall supervise the trials of the local people's courts at all levels and the special people's courts, and the people's courts at higher levels shall supervise the trials of the people's courts at lower levels. 最高人民法院监督地方各级人民法院和专门人民法院的审判工作,上级人民法院监督下级人民法院的审判工作。
Article 11 The people's courts shall accept the supervision of the public and guarantee that the public has the right to know, participate in and supervise the work of the people's courts according to the law.   第十一条 人民法院应当接受人民群众监督,保障人民群众对人民法院工作依法享有知情权、参与权和监督权。
Chapter II Setup and Functions and Powers of the People's Courts 

第二章 人民法院的设置和职权

Article 12 The people's courts are divided into:   第十二条 人民法院分为:
(1) the SPC; (一)最高人民法院;
(2) the local people's courts at all levels; and (二)地方各级人民法院;
(3) the special people's courts. (三)专门人民法院。
Article 13 The local people's courts at various levels are divided into higher people's courts, intermediate people's courts and basic people's courts.   第十三条 地方各级人民法院分为高级人民法院、中级人民法院和基层人民法院。
Article 14 The organization, scope of jurisdiction of cases and appointment and dismissal of judges of the people's courts established at the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps shall be governed by the relevant provisions of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.   第十四条 在新疆生产建设兵团设立的人民法院的组织、案件管辖范围和法官任免,依照全国人民代表大会常务委员会的有关规定。
Article 15 Special people's courts include military courts, maritime courts, intellectual property courts, and financial courts, among others.   第十五条 专门人民法院包括军事法院和海事法院、知识产权法院、金融法院等。
The setup, organization, functions and powers, and appointment and dismissal of judges of special people's courts shall be prescribed by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. 专门人民法院的设置、组织、职权和法官任免,由全国人民代表大会常务委员会规定。
Article 16 The SPC shall have jurisdiction over the following cases:   第十六条 最高人民法院审理下列案件:
(1) cases of first instance under its jurisdiction as prescribed by the law and deemed by itself to be under its jurisdiction; (一)法律规定由其管辖的和其认为应当由自己管辖的第一审案件;
(2) appellate cases judged and ruled by the higher people's courts; (二)对高级人民法院判决和裁定的上诉、抗诉案件;
(3) appellate cases filed in accordance with the provisions of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress;
......
 (三)按照全国人民代表大会常务委员会的规定提起的上诉、抗诉案件;
......

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