UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION AGAINST CORRUPTION | | 联合国反腐败公约* |
| | （注*：该公约于2003年10月31日由第58届联大审议通过。2003年12月9日在墨西哥梅里达开放供各国签署。我国于2003年12月10日签署公约，2005年10月27日批准公约，2006年1月13日递交批准书。公约于2006年2月12日对我国生效。） |
| PREAMBLE | | 序言 |
| The States Parties to this Convention， | | 本公约缔约国， |
| Concerned about the seriousness of problems and threats posed by corruption to the stability and security of societies．undermining the institutions and values of democracy，ethical values and justice and jeopardizing sustainable development and the rule of law， | | 关注腐败对社会稳定与安全所造成的问题和构成的威胁的严重性，它破坏民主体制和价值观、道德观和正义并危害着可持续发展和法治， |
| Concerned also about the links between corruption and other forms of crime，in particular organized crime and economic crime，including money laundering， | | 并关注腐败同其他形式的犯罪特别是同有组织犯罪和包括洗钱在内的经济犯罪的联系， |
| Concerned further about cases of corruption that involve vast quantifies of assets，which may constitute a substantial proportion of the resources of States，and that threaten the political stability and sustainable development of those States．Convinced that corruption is no longer a local matter but a transnational phenomenon that affects all societies and economies．making international cooperation to prevent and control it essential， | | 还关注涉及巨额资产的腐败案件，这类资产可能占国家资源的很大比例，并对这些国家的政治稳定和可持续发展构成威胁，确信腐败已经不再是局部问题，而是一种影响所有社会和经济的跨国现象，因此，开展国际合作预防和控制腐败是至关重要的， |
| Convinced also that a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach is required to prevent and combat corruption effectively， Convinced further that the availability of technical assistance can play an important role in enhancing the ability of States，including by strengthening capacity and by institution—building，to prevent and combat corruption effectively， | | 并确信需要为有效地预防和打击腐败采取综合性的、多学科的办法，还确信提供技术援助可以在增强国家有效预防和打击腐败的能力方面发挥重要的作用，其中包括通过加强能力和通过机构建设， |
| Convinced that the illicit acquisition of personal wealth Can be particularly damaging to democratic institutions， national economies and the rule of law， | | 确信非法获得个人财富特别会对民主体制、国民经济和法治造成损害， |
| Determined to prevent，detect and deter in a more effective manner international transfers of illicitly acquired assets and to strengthen international cooperation in asset recovery， | | 决心更加有效地预防、查出和制止非法获得的资产的国际转移，并加强资产追回方面的国际合作， |
| Acknowledging the fundamental principles of due process of law in criminal proceedings and in civil or administrative proceedings to adjudicate property rights， | | 承认在刑事诉讼程序和判决财产权的民事或者行政诉讼程序中遵守正当法律程序的基本原则， |
| Bearing in mind that the prevention and eradication of corruption is a responsibility of all States and that they must cooperate with one another，with the support and involvement of individuals and groups outside the public sector，such as civil society，non—governmental organizations and community based organizations，if their efforts in this area are to be effective， | | 铭记预防和根除腐败是所有各国的责任，而且各国应当相互合作，同时应当有公共部门以外的个人和团体的支持和参与，例如民间社会、非政府组织和社区组织的支持和参与，只有这样，这方面的工作才能行之有效， |
| Bearing also in mind the principles of proper management of public affairs and public property，fairness，responsibility and equality before the law and the need to safeguard integrity and to foster a culture of rejection of corruption， Commending the work of the Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal Justice and the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime in preventing and combating corruption， | | 还铭记公共事务和公共财产妥善管理、公平、尽责和法律面前平等各项原则以及维护廉正和提倡拒腐风气的必要性，赞扬预防犯罪和刑事司法委员会和联合国毒品和犯罪问题办事处在预防和打击腐败方面的工作， |
| Recalling the work carried out by other international and regional organizations in this field，including the activities of the African Union．the Council of Europe，the Customs Cooperation Council（also known as the World Customs Organization），the European Union，the League of Arab States，the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development and the Organization of American States， | | 回顾其他国际和区域组织在这一领域开展的工作，包括非洲联盟、欧洲委员会、海关合作理事会(又称世界海关组织)、欧洲联盟、阿拉伯国家联盟、经济合作与发展组织和美洲国家组织所开展的活动， |
| Taking note with appreciation of multilateral instruments to prevent and combat corruption，including，inter alia，the Inter—American Convention against Corruption，adopted by the Organization of American States on 29 March 1996，the Convention on the Fight against Corruption involving Officials of the European Communities or Officials of Member States of the European Union，adopted by the Council of the European Union on 26 May 1997，the Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions，adopted by the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development on 21 November 1997，the Criminal Law Convention on Corruption，adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on 27 January 1999，the Civil Law Convention on Corruption，adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe on 4 November 1999，and the African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption，adopted by the Heads of State and Government of the African Union on 12 July 2003， | | 赞赏地注意到关于预防和打击腐败的各种文书，其中包括：美洲国家组织于1996年3月29日通过的《美洲反腐败公约》、欧洲联盟理事会于 1997年5月26日通过的《打击涉及欧洲共同体官员或欧洲联盟成员国官员的腐败行为公约》、经济合作与发展组织于1997年11月21日通过的《禁止在国际商业交易中贿赂外国公职人员公约》、欧洲委员会部长委员会于1999年1月27日通过的《反腐败刑法公约》、欧洲委员会部长委员会于1999年11月4日通过的《反腐败民法公约》和非洲联盟国家和政府首脑于2003年7月 12日通过的《非洲联盟预防和打击腐败公约》， |
| Welcoming the entry into force on 29 September 2003 of the United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime， | | 欢迎《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》于 2003年9月29日生效， |
| Have agreed as follows： | | 一致议定如下： |
| Chapter Ⅰ General provisions | | 第一章 总则 |
| Article 1 Statement of purpose | | 第一条 宗旨声明 |
| The purposes of this Convention are： | | 本公约的宗旨是： |
| （a）To promote and strengthen measures to prevent and combat corruption more efficiently and effectively； | | (一)促进和加强各项措施，以便更加高效而有力地预防和打击腐败； |
| （b）To promote，facilitate and support international cooperation and technical assistance in the prevention of and fight against corruption，including in asset recovery； | | (二)促进、便利和支持预防和打击腐败方面的国际合作和技术援助，包括在资产追回方面； |
| （c）To promote integrity，accountability and proper management of public affairs and public property． | | (三)提倡廉正、问责制和对公共事务和公共财产的妥善管理。 |
| Article 2 Use of terms | | 第二条 术语的使用 |
| For the purposes of this Convention： | | 在本公约中： |
| （a）“Public official”shall mean：（i）any person holding a legislative，executive，administrative or judicial office of a State Party，whether appointed or elected，whether permanent or temporary，whether paid or unpaid，irrespective of that person's seniority；（ii）any other person who performs a public function，including for a public agency or public enterprise，or provides a public service，as defined in the domestic law of the State Party and as applied in the pertinent area of law of that State Party；（iii）any other person defined as a“public official”in the domestic law of a State Party．However，for the purpose of some specific measures contained in chapter II of this Convention．“public official”may mean any person who performs a public function or provides a public service as defined in the domestic law of the State Party and as applied in the pertinent area of law of that State Party； | | (一)“公职人员”系指：1．无论是经任命还是经选举而在缔约国中担任立法、行政、行政管理或者司法职务的任何人员，无论长期或者临时，计酬或者不计酬，也无论该人的资历如何，2．依照缔约国本国法律的定义和在该缔约国相关法律领域中的适用情况，履行公共职能，包括为公共机构或者公营企业履行公共职能或者提供公共服务的任何其他人员；3．缔约国本国法律中界定为“公职人员”的任何其他人员。但就本公约第二章所载某些具体措施而言，“公职人员”可以指依照缔约国本国法律的定义和在该缔约国相关法律领域中的适用情况，履行公共职能或者提供公共服务的任何人员； |
| （b）“Foreign public official”shall mean any person holding a legislative，executive，administrative or judicial office of a foreign country，whether appointed or elected；and any person exercising a public f unction for a foreign country，including for a public agency or public enterprise； | | (二)“外国公职人员”系指外国无论是经任命还是经选举而担任立法、行政、行政管理或者司法职务的任何人员；以及为外国，包括为公共机构或者公营企业行使公共职能的任何人员； |
| （c）“Offcial of a public international organization”shall mean an international civil servant or any person who is authorized by such an organization to act on behalf of that organization； | | (三)“国际公共组织官员”系指国际公务员或者经此种组织授权代表该组织行事的任何人员； |
| （d）“Property”shall mean assets of every kind，whether corporeal or incorporeal，movable or immovable，tangible or intangible，and legal documents or instruments evidencing title to or interest in such assets； | | (四)“财产”系指各种资产，不论是物质的还是非物质的、动产还是不动产、有形的还是无形的，以及证明对这种资产的产权或者权益的法律文件或者文书； |
| （e）“Proceeds of crime”shall mean any property derived from or obtained，directly or indirectly，through the commission of an offence； | | (五)“犯罪所得”系指通过实施犯罪而直接或间接产生或者获得的任何财产； |
| （f）“Freezing”or“seizure”shall mean temporarily prohibiting the transfer，conversion，disposition or movement of property or temporarily assuming custody or control of property on the basis of an order issued by a court or other competent authority； | | (六)“冻结”或者“扣押”系指依照法院或者其他主管机关的命令暂时禁止财产转移、转换、处分或者移动或者对财产实行暂时性扣留或者控制； |
| （g）“Confiscation”，which includes forfeiture where applicable，shall mean the permanent deprivation of property by order of a court or other competent authority； | | (七)“没收”，在适用情况下还包括充公，系指根据法院或者其他主管机关的命令对财产实行永久剥夺； |
| （h）“Predicate offence”shall mean any offence as a result of which proceeds have been generated that may become the subject of an offence as defined in article 23 of this Convention； | | (八)“上游犯罪”系指由其产生的所得可能成为本公约第二十三条所定义的犯罪的对象的任何犯罪； |
| （i）“Controlled delivery”shall mean the technique of allowing illicit or suspect consignments to pass out of，through or into the territory of one or more States，with the knowledge and under the supervision of their competent authorities．with a view to the investigation of an offence and the identification of persons involved in the commission of the offence． | | (九)“控制下交付”系指在主管机关知情并由其监控的情况下允许非法或可疑货物运出、通过或者运入一国或多国领域的做法，其目的在于侦查某项犯罪并查明参与该项犯罪的人员。 |
| Article 3 Scope of application | | 第三条 适用范围 |
| 1．This Convention shall apply，in accordance with its terms，to the prevention，investigation and prosecution of corruption and to the freezing，seizure，confiscation and return of the proceeds of offences established in accordance with this Convention． | | 一、本公约应当根据其规定适用于对腐败的预防、侦查和起诉以及根据本公约确立的犯罪的所得的冻结、扣押、没收和返还。 |
| 2．For the purposes of implementing this Convention，it shall not be necessary，except as otherwise stated herein，for the offences set forth in it to result in damage or harm to state property． | | 二、为执行本公约的目的，除非另有规定，本公约中所列犯罪不一定非要对国家财产造成损害或者侵害。 |
| Article 4 Protection of sovereignty | | 第四条 保护主权 |
| 1．States Parties shall carry out their obligations under this Convention in a manner consistent with the principles of sovereign equality and territorial integrity of States and that of non—intervention in the domestic affairs of other States． | | 一、缔约国在履行其根据本公约所承担的义务时，应当恪守各国主权平等和领土完整原则以及不干涉他国内政原则。 |
| 2．Nothing in this Convention shall entire a State Party to undertake in the territory of another State the exercise of jurisdiction and performance of functions that are reserved exc lusively for the authorities of that other State by its domestic law． | | 二、本公约任何规定概不赋予缔约国在另一国领域内行使管辖权和履行该另一国本国法律规定的专属于该国机关的职能的权利。 |
| Chapter Ⅱ Preventive measures | | 第二章 预防措施 |
| Article 5 Preventive anti—corruption policies and practices | | 第五条 预防性反腐败政策和做法 |
| 1．Each State Party shall，in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal sys tem，develop and implement or maintain effective，coordinated anti—corruption policies that promote the participation of society and reflect the principles of the rule of law，proper management of public affairs and public property，integrity，transparency and accountability． | | 一、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律制度的基本原则，制定和执行或者坚持有效而协调的反腐败政策，这些政策应当促进社会参与，并体现法治、妥善管理公共事务和公共财产、廉正、透明度和问责制的原则。 |
| 2．Each State Party shall endeavour to establish and promote effective practices aimed at the prevention of corruption． | | 二、各缔约国均应当努力制定和促进各种预防腐败的有效做法。 |
| 3．Each State Party shall endeavour to periodically evaluate relevant legal instruments and administrative measures with a view to determining their adequacy to prevent and fight corruption． | | 三、各缔约国均应当努力定期评估有关法律文书和行政措施，以确定其能否有效预防和打击腐败。 |
| 4．States Parties shall，as appropriate and in accordance with the fundamental principles of their legal system，collaborate with each other and with relevant international and regional organizations in promoting and developing the measures referred to in this article．That collaboration may include participation in international programmes and projects aimed at the prevention of corruption． | | 四、缔约国均应当根据本国法律制度的基本原则，酌情彼此协作并同有关国际组织和区域组织协作，以促进和制定本条所述措施。这种协作可以包括参与各种预防腐败的国际方案和项目。 |
| Article 6 Preventive anti-corruption body or bodies | | 第六条 预防性反腐败机构 |
| 1．Each State Party shall．in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system，ensure the existence of a body or bodies，as appropriate，that prevent corruption by such means as． | | 一、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律制度的基本原则，确保设有一个或酌情设有多个机构通过诸如下列措施预防腐败： |
| （a）Implementing the policies referred to in article 5 of this Convention and，where appropriate，overseeing and coordinating the implementation of those policies； | | (一)实施本公约第五条所述政策，并在适当情况下对这些政策的实施进行监督和协调； |
| （b）Increasing and disseminating knowledge about the prevention of corruption． | | (二)积累和传播预防腐败的知识。 |
| 2．Each State Party shall grant the body or bodies referred to in paragraph 1 of this article the necessary independence，in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system，to enable the body or bodies to carry out its or their functions effectively and free from any undue in fluence．The necessary material resources and specialized staff，as well as the training that such staff may require to Carry out their functions，should be provided． | | 二、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律制度的基本原则，赋予本条第一款所述机构必要的独立性，使其能够有效地履行职能和免受任何不正当的影响。各缔约国均应当提供必要的物资和专职工作人员，并为这些工作人员履行职能提供必要的培训。 |
| 3．Each State Party shall inform the Secretary—General of me United Nations of the name and address of the authority or authorities that may assist other States Parties in developing and implementing specific measures for the prevention of corruption． | | 三、各缔约国均应当将可以协助其他缔约国制定和实施具体的预防腐败措施的机关的名称和地址通知联合国秘书长。 |
| Article 7 Public sector | | 第七条 公共部门 |
| 1．Each State Party shall，where appropriate and in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system，endeavour to adopt，maintain and strengthen systems for the recruitment，hiring，retention，promotion and retirement of civil servants and，where appropriate，other non—elected public officials： | | 一、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律制度的基本原则，酌情努力采用、维持和加强公务员和适当情况下其他非选举产生公职人员的招聘、雇用、留用、晋升和退休制度，这种制度： |
| （a）That are based on principles of efficiency，transparency and objective criteria such as merit，equity and aptitude； | | (一)以效率原则、透明度原则和特长、公正和才能等客观标准原则为基础； |
| （b）That include adequate procedures for me selection and training of individuals for public positions considered especially vulnerable to corruption and the rotation，where appropriate，of such individuals to other positions； | | (二)对于担任特别容易发生腐败的公共职位的人员，设有适当的甄选和培训程序以及酌情对这类人员实行轮岗的适当程序； |
| （c）That promote adequate remuneration and equitable pay scales，taking into account the level of economic development of the State Party； | | (三)促进充分的报酬和公平的薪资标准，同时考虑到缔约国的经济发展水平； |
| （d）That promote education and training programmes to enable them to meet the requirements for the correct，honourable and proper performance of public functions and that provide them with specialized and appropriate training to enhance their awareness of the risks of corruption inherent in the performance of their functions．Such programmes may make reference to codes or standards of conduct in applicable areas． | | (四)促进对人员的教育和培训方案，以使其能够达到正确、诚实和妥善履行公务的要求，并为其提供适当的专门培训，以提高其对履行其职能过程中所隐含的腐败风险的认识。这种方案可以参照适当领域的行为守则或者准则。 |
| 2．Each State Party shall also consider adopting appropriate legislative and administrative measures，consistent with the objectives of this Convention and in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law，to prescribe criteria concerning candidature for and election to public office． | | 二、各缔约国均应当考虑采取与本公约的目的相一致并与本国法律的基本原则相符的适当立法和行政措施，就公职的人选资格和当选的标准作出规定。 |
| 3．Each State Party shall also consider taking appropriate legislative and administrative measures，consistent with the objectives of this Convention and in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law，to enhance transparency in the funding of candidatures for elected public office and，where applicable，the funding of political parties． | | 三、各缔约国还应当考虑采取与本公约的目的相一致并与本国法律的基本原则相符的适当立法和行政措施，以提高公职竞选候选人经费筹措及适当情况下的政党经费筹措的透明度。 |
| 4．Each State Party shall．in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law，endeavour to adopt，maintain and strengthen systems that promote transparency and prevent conflicts of interest． | | 四、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律的基本原则，努力采用、维持和加强促进透明度和防止利益冲突的制度。 |
| Article 8 Codes of conduct for public officials | | 第八条 公职人员行为守则 |
| 1．In order to fight corruption．each State Party shall promote，inter alia，integrity，honesty and responsibility among its public officials．in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system． | | 一、为了打击腐败，各缔约国均应当根据本国法律制度的基本原则，在本国公职人员中特别提倡廉正、诚实和尽责。 |
| 2．In particular．each State Party shall endeavour to apply，within its own institutional and legal systems，codes or standards of conduct for the correct，honourable and proper performance of public functions． | | 二、各缔约国均尤其应当努力在本国的体制和法律制度范围内适用正确、诚实和妥善履行公务的行为守则或者标准。 |
| 3．For the purposes of implementing the provisions of this article，each State Party shall，where appropriate and in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system．take note of the relevant initiatives of regional，interregional and multilateral organizations，such as the International Code of Co nduct for Public Officials contained in the annex to General Assembly resolution 51／59 of 12 December 1996． | | 三、为执行本条的各项规定，各缔约国均应当根据本国法律制度的基本原则，酌情考虑到区域、区域间或者多边组织的有关举措，例如大会1996年12月12日第51／59号决议附件所载《公职人员国际行为守则》。 |
| 4．Each State Party shall also consider，in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law，establishing measures and systems to facilitate the reporting by public officials of acts of corruption to appropriate authorities．when such acts come to their notice in the performance of their functions． | | 四、各缔约国还应当根据本国法律的基本原则，考虑制定措施和建立制度，以便于公职人员在履行公务过程中发现腐败行为时向有关部门举报。 |
| 5．Each State Party shall endeavour，where appropriate and in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law，to establish measures and systems requiring public officials to make declarations to appropriate authorities regarding，inter alia，their outside activities，employment，investments，assets and substantial gifts or benefits from which a conflict of interest may result with respect to their functions as public officials． | | 五、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律的基本原则，酌情努力制定措施和建立制度，要求公职人员特别就可能与其公职人员的职能发生利益冲突的职务外活动、任职、投资、资产以及贵重馈赠或者重大利益向有关机关申报。 |
| 6．Each State Party shall consider taking，in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law，disciplinary or other measures against public officials who violate the codes or standards established in accordance with this article． | | 六、各缔约国均应当考虑根据本国法律的基本原则，对违反依照本条确定的守则或者标准的公职人员采取纪律措施或者其他措施。 |
| Article 9 Public procurement and management of public finances | | 第九条 公共采购和公共财政管理 |
| 1．Each State Party shall，in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system，take the necessary steps to establish appropriate systems of procurement，based on transparency，competition and objective criteria in decision—making，that are effective，inter alia，in preventing corruption．Such systems，which may take into account appropriate threshold values in their application，shall address，inter alia： | | 一、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律制度的基本原则采取必要步骤，建立对预防腐败特别有效的以透明度、竞争和按客观标准决定为基础的适当的采购制度。这类制度可以在适用时考虑到适当的最低限值，所涉及的方面应当包括： |
| （a）The public distribution of information relating to procurement procedures and contracts，including information on invitations to tender and relevant or pertinent information on the award of contracts，allowing potential tenderers sufficient time to prepare and submit their tenders； | | (一)公开分发关于采购程序及合同的资料，包括招标的资料与授标相关的资料，使潜在投标人有充分时间准备和提交标书； |
| （b）The establishment，in advance，of conditions for participation，including selection and award criteria and tendering rules．and their publication； | | (二)事先确定参加的条件，包括甄选和授标标准以及投标规则，并予以公布； |
| （c）The use of objective and predetermined criteria for public procurement decisions，in order to facilitate the subsequent verification of the correct application of the rules or procedures； | | (三)采用客观和事先确定的标准作出公共采购决定，以便于随后核查各项规则或者程序是否得到正确适用； |
| （d）An effective system of domestic review，including an effective system of appeal，to ensure legal recourse and remedies in the event that the rules or procedures established pursuant to this paragraph are not followed； | | (四)建立有效的国内复审制度，包括有效的申诉制度，以确保在依照本款制定的规则未得到遵守时可以诉诸法律和进行法律救济； |
| （e）Where appropriate．measures to regulate matters regarding personnel responsible for procurement，such as declaration of interest in particular public procurements，screening procedures and training requirements． | | (五)酌情采取措施，规范采购的负责人员的相关事项，例如特定公共采购中的利益关系申明、筛选程序和培训要求。 |
| 2．Each State Party shall，in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system，take appropriate measures to promote transparency and accountability in the management of public finances．Such measures shall encompass，inter alia： | | 二、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律制度的基本原则采取适当措施，促进公共财政管理的透明度和问责制。这些措施应当包括下列方面： |
| （a）Procedures for the adoption of the national budget； | | (一)国家预算的通过程序； |
| （b）Timely reporting on revenue and expenditure； | | (二)按时报告收入和支出情况； |
| （c）A system of accounting and auditing standards and related oversight； | | (三)由会计和审计标准及有关监督构成的制度； |
| （d）Effective and efficient systems of risk management and internal control；and | | (四)迅速而有效的风险管理和内部控制制度； |
| （e）Where appropriate．measures action in the case of failure to comply with the requirements established in this paragraph． | | (五)在本款规定的要求未得到遵守时酌情加以纠正。 |
| 3．Each State Party shall take such civil and administrative measures as may be necessary，in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law，to preserve the integrity of accounting books，records，financial statements or other documents related to public expenditure and revenue and to prevent the falsification of such documents． | | 三、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律的基本原则，采取必要的民事和行政措施，以维持与公共开支和财政收入有关的账簿、记录、财务报表或者其他文件完整无缺，并防止在这类文件上作假。 |
| Article 10 Public reporting | | 第十条 公共报告 |
| Taking into account the need to combat corruption，each State Party shall，in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law，take such measures as may be necessary to enhance transparency in its public administration，including with regard to its organization，functioning and decision—making processes，where appropriate．Such measures may include，inter alia： | | 考虑到反腐败的必要性，各缔约国均应当根据本国法律的基本原则采取必要的措施，提高公共行政部门的透明度，包括酌情在其组织结构、运作和决策过程方面提高透明度。这些措施可以包括下列各项： |
| （a）Adopting procedures or regulations allowing members of the general public to obtain，where appropriate，information on the organization，functioning and decision—making processes of its public administration and，with due regard for the protection of privacy and personal data，on decisions and legal acts that concern members of the public； | | (一)施行各种程序或者条例，酌情使公众了解公共行政部门的组织结构、运作和决策过程，并在对保护隐私和个人资料给予应有考虑的情况下，使公众了解与其有关的决定和法规； |
| （b）Simplifying administrative procedures，where appropriate，in order to facilitate public access to the competent decision—making authorities；and | | (二)酌情简化行政程序，以便于公众与主管决策机关联系； |
| （c）Publishing information，which may include periodic reports on the risks of corruption in its public administration． | | (三)公布资料，其中可以包括公共行政部门腐败风险问题定期报告。 |
| Article 11 Measures relating to the judiciary and prosecution services | | 第十一条 与审判和检察机关有关的措施 |
| 1．Bearing in mind the independence of the judiciary and its crucial role in combating corruption，each State Party shall，in accordance with the fundamental principles of its legal system and without prejudice to judicial independence，take measures to strengthen integrity and to prevent opportunities for corruption among members of the judiciary．Such measures may include rules with respect to the conduct of members of the judiciary． | | 一、考虑到审判机关独立和审判机关在反腐败方面的关键作用，各缔约国均应当根据本国法律制度的基本原则并在不影响审判独立的情况下，采取措施加强审判机关人员的廉正，并防止出现腐败机会。这类措施可以包括关于审判机关人员行为的规则。 |
| 2．Measures to the same effect as those taken pursuant to paragraph 1 of this article may be introduced and applied within the prosecution service in those States Parties where it does not form part of the judiciary but enjoys independence similar to that of the judicial service． | | 二、缔约国中不属于审判机关但具有类似于审判机关独立性的检察机关，可以实行和适用与依照本条第一款所采取的具有相同效力的措施。 |
| Article 12 Private sector | | 第十二条 私营部门 |
| 1．Each State Party shall take measures．in accordance with the fundamental principles of its domestic law，to prevent corruption involving the private sector，enhance accounting and auditing standards in the private sector and，where appropriate，provide effective，proportionate and dissuasive civil，administrative or criminal penalties for failure to comply with such measures． | | 一、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律的基本原则采取措施，防止涉及私营部门的腐败，加强私营部门的会计和审计标准，并酌情对不遵守措施的行为规定有效、适度而且具有警戒性的民事、行政或者刑事处罚。 |
| 2．Measures to achieve these ends may include．inter alia： | | 二、为达到这些目的而采取的措施可以包括下列内容： |
| （a）Promoting cooperation between law enforcement agencies and relevant private entities； | | (一)促进执法机构与有关私营实体之间的合作； |
| （b）Promoting the development of standards and procedures designed to safeguard the integrity of relevant private entities，including codes of conduct for the correct，honourable and proper performance of the activities of business and all relevant professions and the prevention of conflicts of interest，and for the promotion of the use of good commercial practices among businesses and in the contractual relations of businesses with the State； | | (二)促进制定各种旨在维护有关私营实体操守的标准和程序，其中既包括正确、诚实和妥善从事商业活动和所有相关职业活动并防止利益冲突的行为守则，也包括在企业之间以及企业与国家的合同关系中促进良好商业惯例的采用的行为守则； |
| （c）Promoting transparency among private entities，including，where appropriate，measures regarding the identity of legal and natural persons involved in the establishment and management of corporate entities； | | (三)增进私营实体透明度，包括酌情采取措施鉴定参与公司的设立和管理的法人和自然人的身份； |
| （d）Preventing the misuse of procedures regulating private entities．including procedures regarding subsidies and licensees granted by public authorities for commercial activities； | | (四)防止滥用对私营实体的管理程序，包括公共机关对商业活动给予补贴和颁发许可证的程序； |
| （e）Preventing conflicts of interest by imposing restrictions，as appropriate and for a reasonable period of time，on the professional activities of former public officials or on the employment of public officials by the private sector after their resignation or retirement，where such activities or employment relate directly to the functions held or supervised bv those Public officials during their tenure； | | (五)在合理的期限内，对原公职人员的职业活动或者对公职人员辞职或者退休后在私营部门的任职进行适当的限制，以防止利益冲突，只要这种活动或者任职同这些公职人员任期内曾经担任或者监管的职能直接有关； |
| （f）Ensuring that private enterprises，taking into account their structure and size，have sufficient internal auditing controls to assist in preventing and detecting acts of corruption and that the accounts and required financial statements of such private enterprises are subject to appropriate auditing and certification procedures． | | (六)确保私营企业根据其结构和规模实行有助于预防和发现腐败的充分内部审计控制，并确保这种私营企业的账目和必要的财务报表符合适当的审计和核证程序。 |
| 3．In order to prevent corruption．each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary．in accordance with its domestic laws and regulations regarding the maintenance of books and records，financial statement disclosures and accounting and auditing standards，to prohibit the following acts carried out for the purpose of committing any of the offences established in accordance with this Convention： | | 三、为了预防腐败，各缔约国均应当根据本国关于账簿和记录保存、财务报表披露以及会计和审计标准的法律法规采取必要措施，禁止为实施根据本公约确立的任何犯罪而从事下列行为： |
| （a）The establishment of off—the—books accounts； | | (一)设立账外账户； |
| （b）The making of off—the．books or inadequately identified transactions； | | (二)进行账外交易或者账实不符的交易； |
| （c）The recording of non—existent expenditure； | | (三)虚列支出； |
| （d）The entry of liabilities with incorrect identification of their objects； | | (四)登录负债账目时谎报用途； |
| （e）The use of false documents；and | | (五)使用虚假单据； |
| （f）The intentional destruction of bookkeeping documents earlier than foreseen by the law． | | (六)故意在法律规定的期限前销毁账簿。 |
| 4．Each State Party shall disallow the tax deductibility of expenses that constitute bribes，the latter being one of the constituent elements of the offences established in accordance with articles 15 and 16 of this Convention and，where appropriate，other expenses incurred in furtherance of corrupt conduct． | | 四、鉴于贿赂是依照本公约第十五条和第十六条确立的犯罪构成要素之一，各缔约国均应当拒绝对贿赂构成的费用实行税款扣减，并在适用情况下拒绝对促成腐败行为所支付的其他费用实行税款扣减。 |
| Article 13 Participation of society | | 第十三条 社会参与 |
| 1．Each State Party shall take appropriate measures．within its means and in accordance with fundamental principles of its domestic law，to promote the active participation of individuals and groups outside the public sector，such as civil society，non—governmental organizations and community—based organizations，in the prevention of and the fight against corruption and to raise public awareness regarding the existence，causes and gravity of and the threat posed by corruption．This participation should be strengthened by such measures as： | | 一、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律的基本原则在其力所能及的范围内采取适当措施，推动公共部门以外的个人和团体，例如民间团体、非政府组织和社区组织等，积极参与预防和打击腐败，并提高公众对腐败的存在、根源、严重性及其所构成的威胁的认识。这种参与应当通过下列措施予以加强： |
| （a）Enhancing the transparency of and promoting the contribution of the public to decision—making processes； | | (一)提高决策过程的透明度，并促进公众在决策过程中发挥作用； |
| （b）Ensuring that the public has effective access to information； | | (二)确保公众有获得信息的有效渠道； |
| （c）Undertaking public information activities that contribute to nontolerance of corruption，as well as public education programmes，including school and university curricula； | | (三)开展有助于不容忍腐败的公众宣传活动，以及包括中小学和大学课程在内的公共教育方案； |
| （d）Respecting，promoting and protecting the freedom to seek，receive，publish and disseminate information concerning corruption．That freedom may be subject to certain restrictions．but these shall only be such as are provided for by law and are necessary： | | (四)尊重、促进和保护有关腐败的信息的查找、接收、公布和传播的自由。这种自由可以受到某些限制，但是这种限制应当仅限于法律有规定而且也有必要的下列情形： |
| （i）For respect of the rights or reputations of others： | | 1．尊重他人的权利或者名誉； |
| （ii）For the protection of national security or ordre public or of public health or morals． | | 2．维护国家安全或公共秩序，或者维护公共卫生或公共道德。 |
| 2．Each State Party shall take appropriate measures to ensure that the relevant anti—corruption bodies referred to in this Convention are known to the public and shall provide access to such bodies，where appropriate，for the reporting，including anonymously，of any incidents that may be considered to constitute an offence established in accordance with this Convention． | | 二、各缔约国均应当采取适当的措施，确保公众知悉本公约提到的相关的反腐败机构，并应当酌情提供途径，以便以包括匿名举报在内的方式向这些机构举报可能被视为构成根据本公约确立的犯罪的事件。 |
| Article 14 Measures to prevent money-laundering | | 第十四条 预防洗钱的措施 |
| 1．Each State Party shall： | | 一、各缔约国均应当： |
| （a）Institute a comprehensive domestic regulatory and supervisory regime for banks and non—bank financial institutions，including natural or legal persons that provide formal or informal services for the transmission of money or value and，where appropriate，other bodies particularly susceptible to money—laundering，within its competence，in order to deter and detect all forms of money—laundering，which regime shall emphasize requirements for customer and，where appropriate，beneficial owner identification，record—keeping and the reporting of suspicious transactions； | | (一)在其权限范围内，对银行和非银行金融机构，包括对办理资金或者价值转移正规或非正规业务的自然人或者法人，并在适当情况下对特别易于涉及洗钱的其他机构，建立全面的国内管理和监督制度，以便遏制并监测各种形式的洗钱，这种制度应当着重就验证客户身份和视情况验证实际受益人身份、保持记录和报告可疑交易作出规定； |
| （b）Without prejudice to article 46 of this Convention，ensure that administrative，regulatory，law enforcement and other authorities dedicated to combating money—laundering（including，where appropriate under domestic law，judicial authorities）have the ability to cooperate and exchange information at the national and international levels within the conditions prescribed by its domestic law and，to that end，shall consider the establishment of a financial intelligence unit to serve as a national centre for the collection，analysis and dissemination of information regarding potential money—laundering． | | (二)在不影响本公约第四十六条的情况下，确保行政、管理、执法和专门打击洗钱的其他机关(在本国法律许可时可以包括司法机关)能够根据本国法律规定的条件，在国家和国际一级开展合作和交换信息，并应当为此目的考虑建立金融情报机构，作为国家中心收集、分析和传递关于潜在洗钱活动的信息。 |
| 2．States Parties shall consider implementing feasible measures to detect and monitor the movement of cash and appropriate negotiable instruments across their borders，subject to safeguards to ensure proper use of information and without impeding in any way the movement of legitimate capital．Such measures may include a requirement that individuals and businesses report the cross—border transfer of substantial quantities of cash and appropriate negotiable instruments． | | 二、缔约国应当考虑实施可行的措施，监测和跟踪现金和有关流通票据跨境转移的情况，但必须有保障措施，以确保信息的正当使用而且不致以任何方式妨碍合法资本的移动。这类措施可以包括要求个人和企业报告大额现金和有关流通票据的跨境转移。 |
| 3．States Parties shall consider implementing appropriate and feasible measures to require financial institutions，including money remitters： | | 三、缔约国应当考虑实施适当而可行的措施，要求包括汇款业务机构在内的金融机构： |
| （a）To include on forms for the electronic transfer of funds and related messages accurate and meaningful information on the originator； | | (一)在电子资金划拨单和相关电文中列入关于发端人的准确而有用的信息； |
| （b）To maintain such information throughout the Payment chain；and | | (二)在整个支付过程中保留这种信息； |
| （c）To apply enhanced scrutiny to transfers of funds that do not contain complete information on the originator． | | (三)对发端人信息不完整的资金转移加强审查。 |
| 4．In establishing a domestic regulatory and supervisory regime under the terms of this article，and without prejudice to any other article of this Convention，States Parties are called upon to use as a guideline the relevant initiatives of regional，interregional and multilateral organizations against money—laundering． | | 四、吁请缔约国在建立本条所规定的国内管理和监督制度时，在不影响本公约其他任何条款的情况下将区域、区域间和多边组织的有关反洗钱举措作为指南。 |
| 5．States Parties shall endeavour to develop and promote global，regional，subregional and bilateral cooperation among judicial，law enforcement and financial regulatory authorities in order to combat moneylaundering． | | 五、缔约国应当努力为打击洗钱而在司法机关、执法机关和金融监管机关之间开展和促进全球、区域、分区域及双边合作。 |
| Chapter Ⅲ Criminalization and law enforcement | | 第三章 定罪和执法 |
| Article 15 Bribery of national public officials | | 第十五条 贿赂本国公职人员 |
| Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences，when committed intentionally： | | 各缔约国均应当采取必要的立法措施和其他措施，将下列故意实施的行为规定为犯罪： |
| （a）The promise，offering or giving，to a public official，directly or indirectly，of an undue advantage，for the official himself or herself or another person or entity，in order that the official act or refrain from acting in the exercise of his or her official duties； | | (一)直接或间接向公职人员许诺给予、提议给予或者实际给予该公职人员本人或者其他人员或实体不正当好处，以使该公职人员在执行公务时作为或者不作为； |
| （b）The solicitation or acceptance by a public official，directly or indirectly，of an undue advantage，for me official himself or herself or another person or entity，in order that the official act or refrain from acting in the exercise of his or her official duties． | | (二)公职人员为其本人或者其他人员或实体直接或间接索取或者收受不正当好处，以作为其在执行公务时作为或者不作为的条件。 |
| Article 16 Bribery of foreign public officials and officials of public international organizations | | 第十六条 贿赂外国公职人员或者 国际公共组织官员 |
| 1．Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence，when committed intentionally，the promise，offering or giving to a foreign public official or an official of a public international organization，directly or indirectly，of an undue advantage，for the official himself or herself or another person or entity，in order that the official act or refrain from acting in the exercise of his or her official duties，inorder to obtain or retain business or other undue advantage in relation to the conduct of international business． | | 一、各缔约国均应当采取必要的立法和其他措施，将下述故意实施的行为规定为犯罪：直接或间接向外国公职人员或者国际公共组织官员许诺给予、提议给予或者实际给予该公职人员本人或者其他人员或实体不正当好处，以使该公职人员或者该官员在执行公务时作为或者不作为，以便获得或者保留与进行国际商务有关的商业或者其他不正当好处。 |
| 2．Each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence，when committed intentionally，the solicitation or acceptance by a foreign public official or an official of a public international organization，directly or indirectly，of an undue advantage，for the official himself or herself or another person or entity，in order that the official act or refrain from acting in the exercise of his or her official duties． | | 二、各缔约国均应当考虑采取必要的立法和其他措施，将下述故意实施的行为规定为犯罪：外国公职人员或者国际公共组织官员直接或间接为其本人或者其他人员或实体索取或者收受不正当好处，以作为其在执行公务时作为或者不作为的条件。 |
| Article 17 Embezzlement，misappropriation or other diversion of property by a public official | | 第十七条 公职人员贪污、挪用或者以其他类似方式侵犯财产 |
| Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences，when committed intentionally，the embezzlement，misappropriation or other diversion by a public official for his or her benefit or for the benefit of another person or entity，of any property，public or private funds or securities or any other thing of value entrusted to the public official by virtue of this or her position． | | 各缔约国均应当采取必要的立法和其他措施，将下述故意实施的行为规定为犯罪：公职人员为其本人的利益或者其他人员或实体的利益，贪污、挪用或者以其他类似方式侵犯其因职务而受托的任何财产、公共资金、私人资金、公共证券、私人证券或者其他任何贵重物品。 |
| Article 18 Trading in influence | | 第十八条 影响力交易 |
| Each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences，when committed intentionally： | | 各缔约国均应当考虑采取必要的立法和其他措施，将下列故意实施的行为规定为犯罪： |
| （a）The promise，offering or giving to a public official or any other person，directly or indirectly，of an undue advantage in order that the public official or the person abuse his or her real or supposed influence with a view to obtaining from an administration or public authority of the State Party an undue advantage for the original instigator of the act or for any other person； | | (一)直接或间接向公职人员或者其他任何人员许诺给予、提议给予或者实际给予任何不正当好处，以使其滥用本人的实际影响力或者被认为具有的影响力，为该行为的造意人或者其他任何人从缔约国的行政部门或者公共机关获得不正当好处； |
| （b）The solicitation or acceptance by a public official or any other person，directly or indirectly，of all undueadvantageforhimselforherselforfor anotherpersoninorderthatthepublic official or the person abuse his or her real or supposed influence with a view to obtaining from an administration or public authority of the State Party an undue advantage． | | (二)公职人员或者其他任何人员为其本人或者他人直接或间接索取或者收受任何不正当好处，以作为该公职人员或者该其他人员滥用本人的实际影响力或者被认为具有的影响力，从缔约国的行政部门或者公共机关获得任何不正当好处的条件。 |
| Article 19 Abuse of functions | | 第十九条 滥用职权 |
| Each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence，when committed intentionally，the abuse of functions or position，that is，the performance of or failure to perform an act，in violation of laws，by a public official in the discharge of his or her functions，for the purpose of obtaining an undue advantage for himself or herself or for another person or entity． | | 各缔约国均应当考虑采取必要的立法和其他措施，将下述故意实施的行为规定为犯罪；滥用职权或者地位，即公职人员在履行职务时违反法律，实施或者不实施一项行为，以为其本人或者其他人员或实体获得不正当好处。 |
| Article 20 Illicit enrichment | | 第二十条 资产非法增加 |
| Subject to its constitution and the fundamental principles of its legal system，each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence，when committed intentionally，illicit enrichment，that is，a significant increase in the assets of a public official that he or she cannot reasonably explain in relation to his or her lawful income． | | 在不违背本国宪法和本国法律制度基本原则的情况下，各缔约国均应当考虑采取必要的立法和其他措施，将下述故意实施的行为规定为犯罪：资产非法增加，即公职人员的资产显著增加，而本人无法以其合法收入作出合理解释。 |
| Article 21 Bribery in the private sector | | 第二十一条 私营部门内的贿赂 |
| Each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences，when committed intentionally in the course of economic，financial or commercial activities： | | 各缔约国均应当考虑采取必要的立法和其他措施，将经济、金融或者商业活动过程中下列故意实施的行为规定为犯罪： |
| （a）The promise，offering or giving，directly or indirectly，of an undue advantage to any person who directs or works，in any capacity，for a private sector entity，for the person himself or herself or for another person，in order that he or she，in breach of his or her duties，act or refrain from acting； | | (一)直接或间接向以任何身份领导私营部门实体或者为该实体工作的任何人许诺给予、提议给予或者实际给予该人本人或者他人不正当好处，以使该人违背职责作为或者不作为； |
| （b）The solicitation or acceptance，directly or indirectly，of an undue advantage by any person who directs or works，in any capacity，for a private sector entity，for the person himself or herself or for another person，in order that he or she，in breach of his or her duties，act or refrain from acting． | | (二)以任何身份领导私营部门实体或者为该实体工作的任何人为其本人或者他人直接或间接索取或者收受不正当好处，以作为其违背职责作为或者不作为的条件。 |
| Article 22 Embezzlement of property in the private sector | | 第二十二条 私营部门内的侵吞财产 |
| Each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence，when committed intentionally in the course of economic，financial or commercial activities，embezzlement by a person who directs or works，in any capacity，in a private sector entity of any property，private funds or securities or any other thing of value entrusted to him or her by virtue of his or her position． | | 各缔约国均应当考虑采取必要的立法和其他措施，将经济、金融或者商业活动中下述故意实施的行为规定为犯罪：以任何身份领导私营部门实体或者在该实体中工作的人员侵吞其因职务而受托的任何财产、私人资金、私人证券或者其他任何贵重物品。 |
| Article 23 Laundering of proceeds of crime | | 第二十三条 对犯罪所得的洗钱行为 |
| 1．Each State Party shall adopt，in accordance with fundamental principles of its domestic law，such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences，when committed intentionally： | | 一、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律的基本原则采取必要的立法和其他措施，将下列故意实施的行为规定为犯罪： |
| （a）（i）The conversion or transfer of property，knowing that such property is the proceeds of crime，for the purpose of concealing or disguising the illicit origin of the property or of helping any person who is involved in the commission of the predicate offence to evade the legal consequences of his or her action； | | (一)1．明知财产为犯罪所得，为隐瞒或者 掩饰该财产的非法来源，或者为协助任何参与实施上游犯罪者逃避其行为的法律后果而转换或者转移该财产； |
| （ii）The concealment or disguise of the true nature，source，location，disposition，movement or ownership of or rights with respect to property，knowing that such property is the proceeds of crime； | | 2．明知财产为犯罪所得而隐瞒或者掩饰该财产的真实性质、来源、所在地、处分、转移、所有权或者有关的权利； |
| （b）Subject to the basic concepts of its legal system： | | (二)在符合本国法律制度基本概念的情况下： |
| （i）The acquisition，possession or use of property，knowing，at the time of receipt，that such property is the proceeds of crime； | | 1．在得到财产时，明知其为犯罪所得而仍获取、占有或者使用； |
| （ii）Participation in，association with or conspiracy to commit，attempts to commit and aiding，abetting， facilitating and counselling the commission of any of the offences established in accordance with this article． | | 2．对本条所确立的任何犯罪的参与、协同或者共谋实施、实施未遂以及协助、教唆、便利和参谋实施； |
| 2．For purposes of implementing or applying paragraph 1 of this article： | | 二、为实施或者适用本条第一款： |
| （a）Each State Party shall seek to apply paragraph l of this article to the widest range of predicate offences； | | (一)各缔约国均应当寻求将本条第一款适用于范围最为广泛的上游犯罪； |
| （b）Each State Party shall include as predicate offences at a minimum a comprehensive range of criminal offences established in accordance with this Convention； | | (二)各缔约国均应当至少将其根据本公约确立的各类犯罪列为上游犯罪； |
| （c）For the purposes of subparagraph（b）above，predicate offences shall include offences committed both within and outside the jurisdiction of the State Party in question．However，offences committed outside the jurisdiction of a State Party shall constitute predicate offences only when the relevant conduct is a criminal offence under the domestic law of the State where it is committed and would be a criminal offence under the domestic law of the State Party implementing or applying this article had it been committed there； | | (三)就上文第(二)项而言，上游犯罪应当包括在有关缔约国管辖范围之内和之外实施的犯罪。但是，如果犯罪发生在一缔约国管辖权范围之外，则只有当该行为根据其发生地所在国法律为犯罪，而且根据实施或者适用本条的缔约国的法律该行为若发生在该国也为犯罪时，才构成上游犯罪； |
| （d）Each State Party shall furnish copies of its laws that give effect to this article and of any subsequent changes to such laws or a description thereof to the Secretary—General of the United Nations； | | (四)各缔约国均应当向联合国秘书长提供其实施本条的法律以及这类法律随后的任何修改的副本或说明； |
| （e）If required by fundamental principles of the domestic law of a State Party，it may be provided that the offences set forth in paragraph 1 of this article do not apply to the persons who committed the predicate offence． | | (五)在缔约国本国法律基本原则要求的情况下，可以规定本条第一款所列犯罪不适用于实施上游犯罪的人。 |
| Article 24 Concealment | | 第二十四条 窝 赃 |
| Without prejudice to the provisions of article 23 of this Convention，each State Party shall consider adopting such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence，when committed intentionally after the commission of any of the offences established in accordance with this Convention without having participated in such offences，the concealment or continued retention of property when the person involved knows that such property is the result of any of the offences established in accordance with this Convention． | | 在不影响本公约第二十三条的规定的情况下，各缔约国均应当考虑采取必要的立法和其他措施，将下述故意实施的行为规定为犯罪：行为所涉及的人员虽未参与根据本公约确立的任何犯罪，但在这些犯罪实施后，明知财产是根据本公约确立的任何犯罪的结果而窝藏或者继续保留这种财产。 |
| Article 25 Obstruction of justice | | 第二十五条 妨害司法 |
| Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as criminal offences，when committed intentionally： | | 各缔约国均应当采取必要的立法措施和其他措施，将下列故意实施的行为规定为犯罪： |
| （a）The use of physical force，threats or intimidation or the promise，offering or giving of an undue advantage to induce false testimony or to interfere in the giving of testimony or the production of evidence in a proceeding in relation to the commission of offences established in accordance with this Convention； | | (一)在涉及根据本公约确立的犯罪的诉讼中使用暴力、威胁或者恐吓，或者许诺给予、提议给予或者实际给予不正当好处，以诱使提供虚假证言或者干扰证言或证据的提供； |
| （b）The use of physical force，threats or intimidation to interfere with the exercise of official duties by a justice or law enforcement official in relation to the commission of offences established in accordance with this Convention．Nothing in this subparagraph shall prejudice the right of States Parties to have legislation that protects other categories of public official． | | (二)使用暴力、威胁或恐吓，干扰审判或执法人员针对根据本公约所确立的犯罪执行公务。本项规定概不影响缔约国就保护其他类别公职人员进行立法的权利。 |
| Article 26 Liability of legal persons | | 第二十六条 法人责任 |
| 1．Each State Party shall adopt such measures as may be necessary，consistent with its legal principles，to establish the liability of legal persons for participation in the offences established in accordance with this Convention． | | 一、各缔约国均应当采取符合其法律原则的必要措施，确定法人参与根据本公约确立的犯罪应当承担的责任。 |
| 2．Subject to the legal principles of the State Party，the liability of legal persons may be criminal，civil or administrative． | | 二、在不违反缔约国法律原则的情况下，法人责任可以包括刑事责任、民事责任或者行政责任。 |
| 3．Such liability shall be without prejudice to the criminal liability of the natural persons who have committed the offences． | | 三、法人责任不应当影响实施这种犯罪的自然人的刑事责任。 |
| 4．Each State Party shall，in particular，ensure that legal persons held liable in accordance with this article are subject to effective，proportionate and dissuasive criminal or non—criminal sanctions，including monetary sanctions． | | 四、各缔约国均应当特别确保使依照本条应当承担责任的法人受到有效、适度而且具有警戒性的刑事或者非刑事制裁，包括金钱制裁。 |
| Article 27 Participation and attempt | | 第二十七条 参与、未遂和中止 |
| 1．Each State Party shall adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence．in accordance with its domestic law，participation in any capacity such as an accomplice，assistant or instigator in an offence established in accordance with this Convention． | | 一、各缔约国均应当采取必要的立法和其他措施，根据本国法律将以共犯、从犯或者教唆犯等任何身份参与根据本公约确立的犯罪规定为犯罪。 |
| 2．Each State Party may adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence，in accordance with its domestic law，any attempt to commit an offence established in accordance with this Convention． | | 二、各缔约国均可以采取必要的立法和其他措施，根据本国法律将实施根据本公约确立的犯罪的任何未遂和中止规定为犯罪。 |
| 3．Each State Party may adopt such legislative and other measures as may be necessary to establish as a criminal offence．in accordance with its domestic law，the preparation for an offence established in accordance with this Convention． | | 三、各缔约国均可以采取必要的立法和其他措施，根据本国法律将为实施根据本公约确立的犯罪进行预备的行为规定为犯罪。 |
| Article 28 Knowledge，intent and purpose as elements of an offence | | 第二十八条 作为犯罪要素的明知、故意或者目的 |
| Knowledge，intent or purpose required as an element of an offence established in accordance with this Convention may be inferred from objective factual circumstances． | | 根据本公约确立的犯罪所需具备的明知、故意或者目的等要素，可以根据客观实际情况予以推定。 |
| Article 29 Statute of limitations | | 第二十九条 时 效 |
| Each State Party shall，where appropriate，establish under its domestic law a long statute of limitations period in which to commence proceedings for any offence established in accordance with this Convention and establish a longer statute of limitations period or provide for me suspension of the statute of limitations where the alleged offender has evaded the administration of justice． | | 各缔约国均应当根据本国法律酌情规定一个较长的时效，以便在此期限内对根据本公约确立的任何犯罪启动诉讼程序，并对被指控犯罪的人员已经逃避司法处置的情形确定更长的时效或者规定不受时效限制。 |
| Article 30 Prosecution，adjudication and sanctions | | 第三十条 起诉、审判和制裁 |
| 1．Each State Party shall make the commission of an offence established in accordance with this Convention liable to sanctions mat take into account the gravity of that offence． | | 一、各缔约国均应当使根据本公约确立的犯罪受到与其严重性相当的制裁。 |
| 2．Each State Party shall take such measures as may be necessary to establish or maintain，in accordance with its legal system and constitutional principles，an appropriate balance between any immunities or jurisdictional privileges accorded to its public officials for the performance of their functions and the possibility，when necessary，of effectively investigating，prosecuting and adjudicating offences established in accordance with this Convention． | | 二、各缔约国均应当根据本国法律制度和宪法原则采取必要措施以建立或者保持这样一种适当的平衡；即既照顾到为公职人员履行其职能所给予的豁免或者司法特权，又照顾到在必要时对根据本公约确立的犯罪进行有效的侦查、起诉和审判的可能性。 |
3．Each State Party shall endeavour to ensure that any discretionary legal powers under its domestic law relating to the prosecution of persons for offences established in accordance with this Convention are exercised to maximize the effectiveness of law enforcement measures in respect of those offences and with due regard to the need to deter the commission of such offences．
．．．．．． | | 三、在因根据本公约确立的犯罪起诉某人而行使本国法律规定的任何法律裁量权时，各缔约国均应当努力确保针对这些犯罪的执法措施取得最大成效，并适当考虑到震慑这种犯罪的必要性。
．．．．．． |
|
Dear visitor, as a premium member of this database, you will get complete access to all content.Please go premium and get more.
1. To become a premium member, please call 400-810-8266 Ext. 171.
2. Binding to the account with access to this database.
3. Apply for a trial account.
4. To get instant access to a document, you can Pay Amount 【￥3100.00】 for your single purchase. | |
您好：您现在要进入的是北大法宝英文库会员专区。
如您是我们英文用户可直接 登录，进入会员专区查询您所需要的信息；如您还不是我们 的英文用户；您可通过网上支付进行单篇购买，支付成功后即可立即查看本篇内容。
Tel: +86 (10) 82689699, +86 (10) 82668266 ext. 153
Mobile: +86 13311570713
Fax: +86 (10) 82668268
E-mail:info@chinalawinfo.com
|
| | | |
| | | |