Minamata Convention on Mercury | | 关于汞的水俣公约 |
| (China signed on October 10, 2013) | | （中国于2013年10月10日签字） |
| The Parties to this Convention, | | 本公约缔约方, |
| Recognizing that mercury is a chemical of global concern owing to its long-range atmospheric transport, its persistence in the environment once anthropogenically introduced, its ability to bioaccumulate in ecosystems and its significant negative effects on human health and the environment, | | 认识到鉴于汞可在大气中作远距离迁移、亦可在人为排入环境后持久存在、同时有能力在各种生态系统中进行生物累积、而且还可对人体健康和环境产生重大不利影响，此种化学品已成为全球关注问题， |
| Recalling decision 25/5 of 20 February 2009 of the Governing Council of the United Nations Environment Programme to initiate international action to manage mercury in an efficient, effective and coherent manner, | | 回顾联合国环境规划署理事会在其2009年2月20日第25/5号决定中要求各方着手采取国际行动，对汞实行高效率的、有成效的和连贯一致的管理, |
| Recalling paragraph 221 of the outcome document of the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development “The future we want”, which called for a successful outcome of the negotiations on a global legally binding instrument on mercury to address the risks to human health and the environment, | | 回顾标题为《我们希望的未来》的联合国可持续发展大会成果文件第二百二十一段，其中呼吁各方成功地完成为拟定一项具有法律约束力的全球性汞文书进行的谈判工作，以期应对汞对人体健康和环境构成的风险， |
| Recalling the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development's reaffirmation of the principles of the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, including, inter alia, common but differentiated responsibilities, and acknowledging States' respective circumstances and capabilities and the need for global action, | | 回顾联合国可持续发展大会重申了《关于环境与发展的里约宣言》中所阐明的各项原则，其中除其他外包括共同但有区别的责任的原则，并确认各国各自的国情和能力彼此不同，同时亦确认需要在全球范围内采取应对行动， |
| Aware of the health concerns, especially in developing countries, resulting from exposure to mercury of vulnerable populations, especially women, children, and, through them, future generations, | | 意识到特别是在发展中国家，因人口中的脆弱群体接触汞而引发的各种健康问题，尤其是对妇女和儿童以及通过她们给子孙后代造成的健康问题， |
| Noting the particular vulnerabilities of Arctic ecosystems and indigenous communities because of the biomagnification of mercury and contamination of traditional foods, and concerned about indigenous communities more generally with respect to the effects of mercury, | | 注意到北极地区的生态系统和当地土著社区因汞的生物放大作用及其传统食物被污染而尤其处于特别脆弱的境地，并对这些土著社区普遍更易受到汞的影响表示关注， |
| Recognizing the substantial lessons of Minamata Disease, in particular the serious health and environmental effects resulting from the mercury pollution, and the need to ensure proper management of mercury and the prevention of such events in the future, | | 认识到在水俣病方面所汲取的各种重大教训，特别是因汞污染而对健康和环境产生的严重影响，并认识到需要确保对汞实行妥善的管理，防止此类事件未来再度发生， |
| Stressing the importance of financial, technical, technological, and capacity-building support, particularly for developing countries, and countries with economies in transition, in order to strengthen national capabilities for the management of mercury and to promote the effective implementation of the Convention, | | 强调提供财政、工艺和技术、以及能力建设诸方面的支持十分重要，特别是应向发展中国家和经济转型国家提供此种支持，以便增强对汞实行管理的国家能力并促进有效地执行本公约， |
| Recognizing also the activities of the World Health Organization in the protection of human health related to mercury and the roles of relevant multilateral environmental agreements, especially the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal and the Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, | | 还认识到世界卫生组织为保护人体健康免受汞相关影响而开展的各项活动、以及各项相关的多边环境协定在此方面发挥的作用，特别是其中的《控制危险废物越境转移及其处置巴塞尔公约》（以下简称《巴塞尔公约》）和《关于在国际贸易中对某些危险化学品和农药采用事先知情同意程序的鹿特丹公约》， |
| Recognizing that this Convention and other international agreements in the field of the environment and trade are mutually supportive, | | 认识到本公约同环境与贸易领域内的其他国际公约彼此相辅相成， |
| Emphasizing that nothing in this Convention is intended to affect the rights and obligations of any Party deriving from any existing international agreement, | | 强调本公约的任何条文均非意在妨碍任何缔约方依照任何现行国际协定享受其权利和承担其义务， |
| Understanding that the above recital is not intended to create a hierarchy between this Convention and other international instruments, | | 理解以上所列举的内容并非意在在本公约与其他国际文书之间建立一种等级制度， |
| Noting that nothing in this Convention prevents a Party from taking additional domestic measures consistent with the provisions of this Convention in an effort to protect human health and the environment from exposure to mercury in accordance with that Party's other obligations under applicable international law, | | 注意到本公约不得阻止缔约方根据其在适用的国际法下所承担的其他义务，采取符合本公约条文的额外国内措施，以努力保护人体健康和环境免受汞接触影响， |
| Have agreed as follows: | | 兹协议如下： |
| Article 1 Objective | | 第一条 目标 |
| The objective of this Convention is to protect the human health and the environment from anthropogenic emissions and releases of mercury and mercury compounds. | | 本公约的目标是保护人体健康和环境免受汞和汞化合物人为排放和释放的危害。 |
| Article 2 Definitions | | 第二条 定义 |
| For the purposes of this Convention: | | 就本公约而言： |
| (a) “Artisanal and small-scale gold mining” means gold mining conducted by individual miners or small enterprises with limited capital investment and production; | | （一）“手工和小规模采金业”系指由个体采金工人或资本投资和产量有限的小型企业进行的金矿开采； |
| (b) “Best available techniques” means those techniques that are the most effective to prevent and, where that is not practicable, to reduce emissions and releases of mercury to air, water and land and the impact of such emissions and releases on the environment as a whole, taking into account economic and technical considerations for a given Party or a given facility within the territory of that Party. In this context: | | （二）“最佳可得技术”系指在考虑到某一特定缔约方或该缔约方领土范围内某一特定设施的经济和技术因素的情况下，在防止并在无法防止的情况下减少汞向空气、水和土地的排放与释放以及此类排放与释放给整个环境造成的影响方面最为有效的技术。在这一语境下： |
| (i) “Best” means most effective in achieving a high general level of protection of the environment as a whole; | | 1.“最佳”系指在实现对整个环境的高水平全面保护方面最为有效； |
| (ii)( “Available” techniques means, in respect of a given Party and a given facility within the territory of that Party, those techniques developed on a scale that allows implementation in a relevant industrial sector under economically and technically viable conditions, taking into consideration the costs and benefits, whether or not those techniques are used or developed within the territory of that Party, provided that they are accessible to the operator of the facility as determined by that Party; and | | 2.“可得”技术，就某一特定缔约方和该缔约方领土范围内某一特定设施而言，系指其开发规模使之可以在经济上和技术上切实可行的条件下，在考虑到成本与惠益的情况下，应用于相关工业部门的技术--无论上述技术是否应用或开发于该缔约方领土范围内，只要该缔约方所确定的设施运营商可以获得上述技术；以及 |
| (iii)( “Techniques” means technologies used, operational practices and the ways in which installations are designed, built, maintained, operated and decommissioned; | | 3.“技术”系指所采用的技术、操作实践，以及设备装置的设计、建造、维护、运行和退役方式。 |
| (c) “Best environmental practices” means the application of the most appropriate combination of environmental control measures and strategies; | | （三）“最佳环境实践”系指采用最适宜的环境控制措施与战略的组合； |
| (d) “Mercury” means elemental mercury (Hg(0), CAS No. 7439-97-6); | | （四）“汞”系指元素汞（Hg(0)，化学文摘社编号：7439976）； |
| (e) “Mercury compound” means any substance consisting of atoms of mercury and one or more atoms of other chemical elements that can be separated into different components only by chemical reactions; | | （五）“汞化合物”系指由汞原子和其他化学元素的一个或多个原子构成、且只有通过化学反应才能分解为不同成分的任何物质； |
| (f) “Mercury-added product” means a product or product component that contains mercury or a mercury compound that was intentionally added; | | （六）“添汞产品”系指含有有意添加的汞或某种汞化合物的产品或产品组件； |
| (g) “Party” means a State or regional economic integration organization that has consented to be bound by this Convention and for which the Convention is in force; | | （七）“缔约方”系指同意受本公约约束，且本公约已对其生效的国家或区域经济一体化组织； |
| (h) “Parties present and voting” means Parties present and casting an affirmative or negative vote at a meeting of the Parties; | | （八）“出席会议并参加表决的缔约方”系指出席缔约方会议并投出赞成票或反对票的缔约方； |
| (i) “Primary mercury mining” means mining in which the principal material sought is mercury; | | （九）“原生汞矿开采”系指以汞为主要获取材料的开采活动； |
| (j) “Regional economic integration organization” means an organization constituted by sovereign States of a given region to which its member States have transferred competence in respect of matters governed by this Convention and which has been duly authorized, in accordance with its internal procedures, to sign, ratify, accept, approve or accede to this Convention; and | | （十）“区域经济一体化组织”系指由某一特定区域的主权国家组成的组织，其成员国已将本公约所辖事项的处理权限让渡于它，且它已按照其内部程序正式获得签署、批准、接受、核准或加入本公约的授权；以及 |
| (k) “Use allowed” means any use by a Party of mercury or mercury compounds consistent with this Convention, including, but not limited to, uses consistent with Articles 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7. | | （十一）“允许用途”系指缔约方任何符合本公约规定的汞或汞化合物用途，其中包括但不限于那些符合第三、四、五、六和七条规定的用途。 |
| Article 3 Mercury supply sources and trade | | 第三条 汞的供应来源和贸易 |
| 1. For the purposes of this Article: | | 一、就本条文而言： |
| (a) References to “mercury” include mixtures of mercury with other substances, including alloys of mercury, with a mercury concentration of at least 95 per cent by weight; and | | （一）“汞”包含汞含量按重量计至少占95%的汞与其他物质的混合物，其中包括汞的合金；以及 |
| (b) “Mercury compounds” means mercury (I) chloride (known also as calomel), mercury (II) oxide, mercury (II) sulphate, mercury (II) nitrate, cinnabar and mercury sulphide. | | （二）“汞化合物”系指氯化亚汞（亦称甘汞）、氧化汞、硫酸汞、硝酸汞、朱砂矿石和硫化汞。 |
| 2. The provisions of this Article shall not apply to: | | 二、本条文之规定不得适用于： |
| (a) Quantities of mercury or mercury compounds to be used for laboratory-scale research or as a reference standard; or | | （一）拟用于实验室规模的研究活动或用作参考标准的汞或汞化合物用量；或 |
| (b) Naturally occurring trace quantities of mercury or mercury compounds present in such products as non-mercury metals, ores, or mineral products, including coal, or products derived from these materials, and unintentional trace quantities in chemical products; or | | （二）在诸如非汞金属、非汞矿石、或包括煤炭在内的非汞矿产品、或从此类材料中衍生出来的产品中存在的、属于自然生成的痕量汞或汞化合物、以及在化学产品中无意生成的痕量汞；或 |
| (c) Mercury-added products. | | （三）添汞产品。 |
| 3. Each Party shall not allow primary mercury mining that was not being conducted within its territory at the date of entry into force of the Convention for it. | | 三、每一缔约方均不得允许进行本公约对其生效之际未在其领土范围内进行的原生汞矿开采活动。 |
| 4. Each Party shall only allow primary mercury mining that was being conducted within its territory at the date of entry into force of the Convention for it for a period of up to fifteen years after that date. During this period, mercury from such mining shall only be used in manufacturing of mercury-added products in accordance with Article 4, in manufacturing processes in accordance with Article 5, or be disposed in accordance with Article 11, using operations which do not lead to recovery, recycling, reclamation, direct re-use or alternative uses. | | 四、每一缔约方应只允许本公约对其生效之际业已在其领土范围内进行的原生汞矿开采活动自本公约对其生效之日后继续进行最多15年。在此期间，源自此种开采活动的汞应当仅用于依照第四条生产添汞产品、依照第五条采用的生产工艺、或依照第十一条对汞进行的处置，而且所采用的作业方式不得导致汞的回收、再循环、再生、直接再使用或用于其他替代用途； |
| 5. Each Party shall: | | 五、各缔约方均应当： |
| (a) Endeavour to identify individual stocks of mercury or mercury compounds exceeding 50 metric tons, as well as sources of mercury supply generating stocks exceeding 10 metric tons per year, that are located within its territory; | | （一）努力逐个查明位于其领土范围内的50公吨以上的汞或汞化合物库存、以及那些每年出产10公吨以上库存的汞供应来源； |
| (b) Take measures to ensure that, where the Party determines that excess mercury from the decommissioning of chlor-alkali facilities is available, such mercury is disposed of in accordance with the guidelines for environmentally sound management referred to in paragraph 3 (a) of Article 11, using operations that do not lead to recovery, recycling, reclamation, direct re-use or alternative uses. | | （二）采取各种措施，确保只要缔约方查明氯碱设施的退役过程中出现过量的汞，便应当依照第十一条第三款第一项中所阐明的环境无害化管理准则对之加以处置，而且所采用的处置方式不得导致汞的回收、再循环、再生、直接再使用或用于其他替代用途。 |
| 6. Each Party shall not allow the export of mercury except: | | 六、任何缔约方均不得允许汞的出口，除非： |
| (a) To a Party that has provided the exporting Party with its written consent, and only for the purpose of: | | （一）出口至某一业已向出口缔约方出具书面同意的缔约方，而且仅应用于以下目的： |
| (i) A use allowed to the importing Party under this Convention; or | | 1.进口缔约方在本公约下获准的某种允许用途；或 |
| (ii)( Environmentally sound interim storage as set out in Article 10; or | | 2.依照第十条的规定进行环境无害化临时储存；或 |
| (b) To a non-Party that has provided the exporting Party with its written consent, including certification demonstrating that: | | （二）出口至某一业已向出口缔约方出具书面同意、包括以下情况证明的非缔约方： |
| (i) The non-Party has measures in place to ensure the protection of human health and the environment and to ensure its compliance with the provisions of Articles 10 and 11; and | | 1.该非缔约方已采取了确保人体健康和环境得到保护、而且确保第十条和第十一条的规定得到遵守的措施；以及 |
| (ii)( Such mercury will be used only for a use allowed to a Party under this Convention or for environmentally sound interim storage as set out in Article 10. | | 2.此种汞将仅用于本公约允许缔约方使用的用途，或用于依照第十条的规定进行环境无害化的临时储存。 |
| 7. An exporting Party may rely on a general notification to the Secretariat by the importing Party or non-Party as the written consent required by paragraph 6. Such general notification shall set out any terms and conditions under which the importing Party or non-Party provides its consent. The notification may be revoked at any time by that Party or non-Party. The Secretariat shall keep a public register of all such notifications. | | 七、出口缔约方可凭借进口缔约方或非缔约方向秘书处发出的一般性通知作为第六款所规定的书面同意。此种一般性通知中应当列明进口缔约方或非缔约方表明其同意进口的任何条款和条件。该缔约方或非缔约方可随时撤销这一通知。秘书处应当保存一份记录此种通知书的公共登记簿。 |
| 8. Each Party shall not allow the import of mercury from a non-Party to whom it will provide its written consent unless the non-Party has provided certification that the mercury is not from sources identified as not allowed under paragraph 3 or paragraph 5 (b). | | 八、任何缔约方均不得允许从它将提供书面同意的非缔约方进口汞，除非该非缔约方已提供了证书，表明所涉及的汞并非来自第三款或第五款第二项规定不允许使用的来源。 |
| 9. A Party that submits a general notification of consent under paragraph 7 may decide not to apply paragraph 8, provided that it maintains comprehensive restrictions on the export of mercury and has domestic measures in place to ensure that imported mercury is managed in an environmentally sound manner. The Party shall provide a notification of such decision to the Secretariat, including information describing its export restrictions and domestic regulatory measures, as well as information on the quantities and countries of origin of mercury imported from non-Parties. The Secretariat shall maintain a public register of all such notifications. The Implementation and Compliance Committee shall review and evaluate any such notifications and supporting information in accordance with Article 15 and may make recommendations, as appropriate, to the Conference of the Parties. | | 九、依照第七款发出一般性同意通知的缔约方可决定不适用第八款的规定，但条件是该缔约方对汞的出口实行一系列综合限制措施、而且亦在其本国内采取措施，确保对所进口的汞实行环境无害化的管理。所涉缔约方应当向秘书处提供一份此种决定的通知，其中列出介绍说明其所实行的出口限制措施和国内管制措施的信息、以及它从非缔约方进口的汞的数量及来源国的信息。秘书处应当保存一份记录此种通知书的公共登记簿。履行和遵约委员会应当依照第十五条审查和评价此种通知书及其证明资料，并可酌情就此向缔约方大会提出建议。 |
| 10. The procedure set out in paragraph 9 shall be available until the conclusion of the second meeting of the Conference of the Parties. After that time, it shall cease to be available, unless the Conference of the Parties decides otherwise by simple majority of the Parties present and voting, except with respect to a Party that has provided a notification under paragraph 9 before the end of the second meeting of the Conference of the Parties. | | 十、第九款中所列相关程序应当在缔约方大会第二次会议结束之前提供各缔约方使用。其后，这一程序将不再可用，除非缔约方大会以出席会议并参加表决的缔约方用简单多数方式另外作出决定。缔约方在缔约方大会第二次会议结束之前依照第九款提供了一份说明的不在此列。 |
| 11. Each Party shall include in its reports submitted pursuant to Article 21 information showing that the requirements of this Article have been met. | | 十一、每一缔约方均应在其依照第二十一条提交的报告中提供表明其已遵守本条文的各项规定的信息。 |
| 12. The Conference of the Parties shall at its first meeting provide further guidance in regard to this Article, particularly in regard to paragraphs 5 (a), 6 and 8, and shall develop and adopt the required content of the certification referred to in paragraphs 6 (b) and 8. | | 十二、缔约方大会应当在其第一次会议上就本条文、特别是其中第五款第一项、第六和第八款提供进一步指导，并应确定并通过第六款第二项和第八款所述证明书应列明的相关内容。 |
| 13. The Conference of the Parties shall evaluate whether the trade in specific mercury compounds compromises the objective of this Convention and consider whether specific mercury compounds should, by their listing in an additional annex adopted in accordance with Article 27, be made subject to paragraphs 6 and 8. | | 十三、缔约方大会应当对贸易中的具体汞化合物是否已损及本公约目标进行评价，并应当审议应否把相关汞化合物列入依照第二十七条所通过的补充附件，从而将之纳入第六和第八款规定的适用范围。 |
| Article 4 Mercury-added products | | 第四条 添汞产品 |
| 1. Each Party shall not allow, by taking appropriate measures, the manufacture, import or export of mercury-added products listed in Part I of Annex A after the phase-out date specified for those products, except where an exclusion is specified in Annex A or the Party has a registered exemption pursuant to Article 6. | | 一、每一缔约方均应采取适当措施，不允许在针对附件A第一部分所列添汞产品明确规定的淘汰日期过后生产、进口或出口此类产品，除非已在附件A中具体规定了例外情况，或所涉缔约方已依照第六条登记了某项豁免。 |
| 2. A Party may, as an alternative to paragraph 1, indicate at the time of ratification or upon entry into force of an amendment to Annex A for it, that it will implement different measures or strategies to address products listed in Part I of Annex A. A Party may only choose this alternative if it can demonstrate that it has already reduced to a de minimis level the manufacture, import, and export of the large majority of the products listed in Part I of Annex A and that it has implemented measures or strategies to reduce the use of mercury in additional products not listed in Part I of Annex A at the time it notifies the Secretariat of its decision to use this alternative. In addition, a Party choosing this alternative shall: | | 二、作为第一款的替代办法，缔约方可在批准附件A的某一修正案，或其对之生效时表明它将采取不同的措施或战略来处理附件A第一部分中所列产品。缔约方只有在能够证明它业已把附件A第一部分所列绝大多数产品的生产、进口和出口数量降到最低限度的情况下，方可选择采用这一替代办法，而且还需能够在它向秘书处通知其决定使用这一替代办法时证明它已采取措施或战略来减少未列入附件A第一部分的其他产品中的汞的数量。此外，选择采用这一替代办法的缔约方还应当： |
| (a) Report at the first opportunity to the Conference of the Parties a description of the measures or strategies implemented, including a quantification of the reductions achieved; | | （一）在第一时间向缔约方大会汇报和说明其所采用的措施或战略的情况，包括所减少的具体数量； |
| (b) Implement measures or strategies to reduce the use of mercury in any products listed in Part I of Annex A for which a de minimis value has not yet been obtained; | | （二）采取措施或战略，减少附件A第一部分中所列、尚未达到最低限值的任何产品中的汞的使用数量； |
| (c) Consider additional measures to achieve further reductions; and | | （三）考虑采取补充措施来实现进一步的减少；以及 |
| (d) Not be eligible to claim exemptions pursuant to Article 6 for any product category for which this alternative is chosen. | | （四）对于那些业已选择这一替代办法的任何产品类别而言，不具备依照第六条申请豁免的资格。 |
| No later than five years after the date of entry into force of the Convention, the Conference of the Parties shall, as part of the review process under paragraph 8, review the progress and the effectiveness of the measures taken under this paragraph. | | 自本公约开始生效之日起5年之内，作为第八款所规定的审查程序的一部分，缔约方大会应当审查依照本款采取的措施的进展情况及其成效。 |
| 3. Each Party shall take measures for the mercury-added products listed in Part II of Annex A in accordance with the provisions set out therein. | | 三、各缔约方均应按照附件A第二部分中所列规定针对该附件中所列添汞产品采取相关措施。 |
| 4. The Secretariat shall, on the basis of information provided by Parties, collect and maintain information on mercury-added products and their alternatives, and shall make such information publicly available. The Secretariat shall also make publicly available any other relevant information submitted by Parties. | | 四、秘书处应根据缔约方所提供的信息，收集和保存有关添汞产品及其替代品的信息，并应向公众提供此种信息。秘书处还应将缔约方提交的任何其他相关信息公之于众。 |
| 5. Each Party shall take measures to prevent the incorporation into assembled products of mercury-added products the manufacture, import and export of which are not allowed for it under this Article. | | 五、各缔约方均应采取措施，防止将本条所规定的不得生产、进口和出口的添汞产品纳入组装产品。 |
| 6. Each Party shall discourage the manufacture and the distribution in commerce of mercury-added products not covered by any known use of mercury-added products prior to the date of entry into force of the Convention for it, unless an assessment of the risks and benefits of the product demonstrates environmental or human health benefits. A Party shall provide to the Secretariat, as appropriate, information on any such product, including any information on the environmental and human health risks and benefits of the product. The Secretariat shall make such information publicly available. | | 六、各缔约方均应不鼓励在本公约对其生效之前为用于任何已知用途之外的用途而生产和商业分销添汞产品，除非所涉产品的风险和效益评估结果表明其对环境或人体健康有益。缔约方应当酌情向秘书处提供关于任何此种产品的信息，其中包括所涉产品的环境和人体健康风险及惠益方面的信息。秘书处应当把此种信息公之于众。 |
| 7. Any Party may submit a proposal to the Secretariat for listing a mercury-added product in Annex A, which shall include information related to the availability, technical and economic feasibility and environmental and health risks and benefits of the non-mercury alternatives to the product, taking into account information pursuant to paragraph 4. | | 七、任何缔约方均可向秘书处提交关于将某种添汞产品列入附件A的提议，其中应列有与该产品无汞替代品的可得性、技术和经济可行性以及环境与健康风险和惠益相关的信息，同时亦应考虑到依照第四款应提供的信息。 |
| 8. No later than five years after the date of entry into force of the Convention, the Conference of the Parties shall review Annex A and may consider amendments to that Annex in accordance with Article 27. | | 八、自本公约生效之日起5年之内，缔约方大会应对附件A进行审查并可考虑根据第二十七条对该附件进行修正。 |
| 9. In reviewing Annex A pursuant to paragraph 8, the Conference of the Parties shall take into account at least: | | 九、在依照本条第八款对附件A进行的任何审查过程中，缔约方大会至少应考虑到以下事项： |
| (a) Any proposal submitted under paragraph 7; | | （一）依照第七款提交的任何提议； |
| (b) The information made available pursuant to paragraph 4; and | | （二）依照第四款中提供的信息；以及 |
| (c) The availability to the Parties of mercury-free alternatives that are technically and economically feasible, taking into account the environmental and human health risks and benefits. | | （三）缔约方获得在经济上和技术上均为可行的无汞替代品的情况，同时亦考虑到其所涉环境和人体健康风险和惠益。 |
| Article 5 Manufacturing processes in which mercury or mercury compounds are used | | 第五条 使用汞或汞化合物的生产工艺 |
| 1. For the purposes of this Article and Annex B, manufacturing processes in which mercury or mercury compounds are used shall not include processes using mercury-added products, processes for manufacturing mercury-added products or processes that process mercury-containing waste. | | 一、就本条文和附件B而言，“使用汞或汞化合物的生产工艺”不得包括使用添汞产品的工艺、添汞产品的生产工艺、以及处理含汞废物的工艺。 |
| 2. Each Party shall not allow, by taking appropriate measures, the use of mercury or mercury compounds in the manufacturing processes listed in Part I of Annex B after the phase-out date specified in that Annex for the individual processes, except where the Party has a registered exemption pursuant to Article 6. | | 二、各缔约方均应采取适当措施，不得允许在附件B第一部分中针对所列各种生产工艺明确规定的淘汰日期过后，在上述工艺中使用汞或汞化合物，除非该缔约方依照第六条登记了某项豁免。 |
| 3. Each Party shall take measures to restrict the use of mercury or mercury compounds in the processes listed in Part II of Annex B in accordance with the provisions set out therein. | | 三、各缔约方均应按照附件B第二部分的规定，采取措施限制在其中所列生产工艺中使用汞或汞化合物。 |
| 4. The Secretariat shall, on the basis of information provided by Parties, collect and maintain information on processes that use mercury or mercury compounds and their alternatives, and shall make such information publicly available. Other relevant information may also be submitted by Parties and shall be made publicly available by the Secretariat. | | 四、秘书处应当在缔约方所提供的信息的基础上收集并保存关于使用汞或汞化合物及其替代品的工艺方面的信息，缔约方亦可提供其他相关的信息，并应由秘书处将这些信息公之于众。 |
| 5. Each Party with one or more facilities that use mercury or mercury compounds in the manufacturing processes listed in Annex B shall: | | 五、拥有一处或多处在附件B所列生产工艺中使用汞或汞化合物的设施的各缔约方均应： |
| (a) Take measures to address emissions and releases of mercury or mercury compounds from those facilities; | | （一）采取措施解决源自上述设施的汞或汞化合物的排放和释放问题； |
| (b) Include in its reports submitted pursuant to Article 21 information on the measures taken pursuant to this paragraph; and | | （二）在其依照第二十一条提交的报告当中，纳入依照本款规定所采取措施的相关信息；且 |
| (c) Endeavour to identify facilities within its territory that use mercury or mercury compounds for processes listed in Annex B and submit to the Secretariat, no later than three years after the date of entry into force of the Convention for it, information on the number and types of such facilities and the estimated annual amount of mercury or mercury compounds used in those facilities. The Secretariat shall make such information publicly available. | | （三）努力查明其领土范围内将汞或汞化合物用于附件B所列工艺的设施，并自本公约对其生效之日起3年之内向秘书处提交此类设施数量和类型的相关信息，以及上述设施内汞或汞化合物的估计年用量。秘书处应将上述信息公布于众。 |
| 6. Each Party shall not allow the use of mercury or mercury compounds in a facility that did not exist prior to the date of entry into force of the Convention for it using the manufacturing processes listed in Annex B. No exemptions shall apply to such facilities. | | 六、每一缔约方均不得在本公约对其生效之日前不存在的使用附件B所列生产工艺的设施中使用汞或汞化合物。此种设施不得适用任何豁免。 |
| 7. Each Party shall discourage the development of any facility using any other manufacturing process in which mercury or mercury compounds are intentionally used that did not exist prior to the date of entry into force of the Convention, except where the Party can demonstrate to the satisfaction of the Conference of the Parties that the manufacturing process provides significant environmental and health benefits and that there are no technically and economically feasible mercury-free alternatives available providing such benefits. | | 七、每一缔约方均不鼓励本公约生效之前尚不存在的设施采用任何其他有意添加汞或汞化合物的生产工艺，除非缔约方能够以缔约方大会满意的方式表明所涉生产工艺能够提供重大环境和健康惠益，而且没有任何在技术上和经济上均为可行的无汞替代工艺能够提供此种惠益。 |
| 8. Parties are encouraged to exchange information on relevant new technological developments, economically and technically feasible mercury-free alternatives, and possible measures and techniques to reduce and where feasible to eliminate the use of mercury and mercury compounds in, and emissions and releases of mercury and mercury compounds from, the manufacturing processes listed in Annex B. | | 八、鼓励缔约方相互交流以下诸方面的信息：相关的新技术的开发、经济上和技术上可行的无汞替代工艺、以及旨在减少并在可行情况下消除附件B所列生产工艺中汞和汞化合物的使用以及源自上述工艺的汞和汞化合物的排放和释放的可能性措施和技术。 |
| 9. Any Party may submit a proposal to amend Annex B in order to list a manufacturing process in which mercury or mercury compounds are used. It shall include information related to the availability, technical and economic feasibility and environmental and health risks and benefits of the non-mercury alternatives to the process. | | 九、任何缔约方均可对附件B提出修正提案，以期把使用汞或汞化合物的生产工艺列入其中。修正提案中应当包括关于无汞替代工艺的可得情况、技术和经济上的可行性、以及环境与健康风险与惠益诸方面的信息。 |
| 10. No later than five years after the date of entry into force of the Convention, the Conference of the Parties shall review Annex B and may consider amendments to that Annex in accordance with Article 27. | | 十、自本公约生效之日起5年之内，缔约方大会应对附件B进行审查，并可考虑根据第二十七条中所规定的程序对该附件进行修正。 |
| 11. In any review of Annex B pursuant to paragraph 10, the Conference of the Parties shall take into account at least: | | 十一、在依照第十款审查附件B时，缔约方大会至少应考虑到以下事项： |
| (a) Any proposal submitted under paragraph 9; | | （一）依照第九款提交的任何提案； |
| (b) The information made available under paragraph 4; and | | （二）根据第四款提供的信息；以及 |
| (c) The availability for the Parties of mercury-free alternatives which are technically and economically feasible taking into account the environmental and health risks and benefits. | | （三）相关缔约方在技术上和经济上均为可行的无汞替代工艺的可获得情况，同时亦考虑到所涉环境与健康风险和惠益。 |
| Article 6 Exemptions available to a Party upon request | | 第六条 缔约方提出要求后可以享受的豁免 |
| 1. Any State or regional economic integration organization may register for one or more exemptions from the phase-out dates listed in Annex A and Annex B, hereafter referred to as an “exemption”, by notifying the Secretariat in writing: | | 一、任何国家或区域经济一体化组织均可采用书面通知秘书处的方式，登记一项或多项针对附件A或附件B所列淘汰日期的豁免，以下称为“豁免”： |
| (a) On becoming a Party to this Convention; or | | （一）成为本公约缔约方之际；或者 |
| (b) In the case of any mercury-added product that is added by an amendment to Annex A or any manufacturing process in which mercury is used that is added by an amendment to Annex B, no later than the date upon which the applicable amendment enters into force for the Party. | | （二）若有任何添汞产品以修正形式增列入附件A，或有任何使用汞的生产工艺以修正形式增列入附件B，则应当在不迟于相关修正对缔约方生效之日提出。 |
| Any such registration shall be accompanied by a statement explaining the Party's need for the exemption. | | 任何此种登记均应随附一份解释所涉缔约方为何需要享受该项豁免的说明。 |
| 2. An exemption can be registered either for a category listed in Annex A or B or for a sub-category identified by any State or regional economic integration organization. | | 二、可针对附件A或附件B所列某一类别登记一项豁免、或可针对由任何国家或区域经济一体化组织所确定的其中某一分类别登记一项豁免。 |
| 3. Each Party that has one or more exemptions shall be identified in a register. The Secretariat shall establish and maintain the register and make it available to the public. | | 三、应当在一份登记簿中列明享有一项或多项豁免的每一缔约方。秘书处应负责建立和保管登记簿并向公众开放。 |
| 4. The register shall include: | | 四、登记簿应包括下列内容： |
| (a) A list of the Parties that have one or more exemptions; | | （一）享有一项或多项豁免的缔约方清单； |
| (b) The exemption or exemptions registered for each Party; and | | （二）每一缔约方所登记的一项或多项豁免；以及 |
| (c) The expiration date of each exemption. | | （三）每项豁免的失效日期。 |
| 5. Unless a shorter period is indicated in the register by a Party, all exemptions pursuant to paragraph 1 shall expire five years after the relevant phase-out date listed in Annex A or B. | | 五、除非缔约方在登记簿中注明了一个更短的有效期，否则依照第一款确定的豁免应当于附件A或附件B中所规定的相关淘汰日期5年后失效。 |
| 6. The Conference of the Parties may, at the request of a Party, decide to extend an exemption for five years unless the Party requests a shorter period. In making its decision, the Conference of the Parties shall take due account of: | | 六、缔约方大会可应缔约方的要求，决定将某项豁免的有效期延长5年，除非所涉缔约方要求的是一个较此更短的豁免时期。在作出决定时，缔约方大会应充分考虑到以下情形： |
| (a) A report from the Party justifying the need to extend the exemption and outlining activities undertaken and planned to eliminate the need for the exemption as soon as feasible; | | （一）缔约方阐述延长豁免有效期的必要性，并概述已经开展和计划开展的、旨在可行情况下尽快消除实行该项豁免之必要性的各项活动的报告； |
| (b) Available information, including in respect of the availability of alternative products and processes that are free of mercury or that involve the consumption of less mercury than the exempt use; and | | （二）可得信息，包括不含汞或汞用量低于豁免用途的替代产品和工艺的可得性方面的信息；以及 |
| (c) Activities planned or under way to provide environmentally sound storage of mercury and disposal of mercury wastes. | | （三）计划开展的或正在开展的旨在对汞进行环境无害化储存、并对汞废物进行环境无害化处置的各项活动。 |
| An exemption may only be extended once per product per phase-out date. | | 某项豁免按产品和淘汰日期计算只可延期一次。 |
| 7. A Party may at any time withdraw an exemption upon written notification to the Secretariat. The withdrawal of an exemption shall take effect on the date specified in the notification. | | 七、缔约方可随时书面通知秘书处，撤销某项豁免。豁免的撤销应自相关通知内注明的日期开始生效。 |
| 8. Notwithstanding paragraph 1, no State or regional economic integration organization may register for an exemption after five years after the phase-out date for the relevant product or process listed in Annex A or B, unless one or more Parties remain registered for an exemption for that product or process, having received an extension pursuant to paragraph 6. In that case, a State or regional economic integration organization may, at the times set out in paragraphs 1 (a) and (b), register for an exemption for that product or process, which shall expire ten years after the relevant phase-out date. | | 八、尽管有第一款的规定，任何国家或区域经济一体化组织均不得在附件A或附件B中所列相关产品或工艺的淘汰日期到期后5年之后登记注册任何豁免，除非一个或多个缔约方就该产品或工艺一直享有业经登记的豁免，而且业已依照第六款的规定获准延期。在此种情形中，一国或一区域经济一体化组织可按第一款第一项和第二项中所给出的时间段就该产品或工艺登记某项豁免。此种豁免应当自相关的淘汰日期起10年后失效。 |
| 9. No Party may have an exemption in effect at any time after 10 years after the phase-out date for a product or process listed in Annex A or B. | | 九、任何缔约方均不得自附件A或附件B中所列产品或工艺的淘汰日期起10年后的任何时候针对这些产品或工艺享有任何豁免。 |
| Article 7 Artisanal and small-scale gold mining | | 第七条 手工和小规模采金业 |
| 1. The measures in this Article and in Annex C shall apply to artisanal and small-scale gold mining and processing in which mercury amalgamation is used to extract gold from ore. | | 一、本条文以及附件C中所规定的措施适用于采用汞齐法从矿石当中提取黄金的手工和小规模采金与加工活动。 |
| 2. Each Party that has artisanal and small-scale gold mining and processing subject to this Article within its territory shall take steps to reduce, and where feasible eliminate, the use of mercury and mercury compounds in, and the emissions and releases to the environment of mercury from, such mining and processing. | | 二、其领土范围内存在适用本条文的手工和小规模采金与加工活动的每一缔约方均应采取措施，减少并在可行情况下消除此类开采与加工活动中汞和汞化合物的使用及此类汞向环境中的排放和释放。 |
| 3. Each Party shall notify the Secretariat if at any time the Party determines that artisanal and small-scale gold mining and processing in its territory is more than insignificant. If it so determines the Party shall: | | 三、每一缔约方若在任何时候确定其领土范围内的手工和小规模采金与加工活动已超过微不足道的水平，均应就此通知秘书处。若缔约方已作出此种确认，则应： |
| (a) Develop and implement a national action plan in accordance with Annex C; | | （一）根据附件C制订并实施一项国家行动计划； |
| (b) Submit its national action plan to the Secretariat no later than three years after entry into force of the Convention for it or three years after the notification to the Secretariat, whichever is later; and | | （二）在本公约对其生效后3年之内，或在通知秘书处后3年之内（二者之间以较迟者为准），将其国家行动计划提交秘书处；且 |
| (c) Thereafter, provide a review every three years of the progress made in meeting its obligations under this Article and include such reviews in its reports submitted pursuant to Article 21. | | （三）其后，每3年对其在履行本条文规定的各项义务方面所取得的进展进行一次审查，并将上述审查结果纳入依照第二十一条提交的报告。 |
| 4. Parties may cooperate with each other and with relevant intergovernmental organizations and other entities, as appropriate, to achieve the objectives of this Article. Such cooperation may include: | | 四、缔约方可酌情开展彼此之间以及与相关政府间组织及其他实体之间的合作，以实现本条文之目标。上述合作可包括： |
| (a) Development of strategies to prevent the diversion of mercury or mercury compounds for use in artisanal and small-scale gold mining and processing; | | （一）制定战略，以防止将汞或汞化合物挪用于手工和小规模采金与加工活动； |
| (b) Education, outreach and capacity-building initiatives; | | （二）教育、推广以及能力建设举措； |
| (c) Promotion of research into sustainable non-mercury alternative practices; | | （三）推动研究可持续的无汞替代方法； |
| (d) Provision of technical and financial assistance; | | （四）提供技术援助和财政援助； |
| (e) Partnerships to assist in the implementation of their commitments under this Article;and | | （五）旨在协助履行其在本条文下的各项承诺的合作伙伴关系；以及 |
| (f) Use of existing information exchange mechanisms to promote knowledge, best environmental practices and alternative technologies that are environmentally, technically, socially and economically viable. | | （六）利用现行的信息交流机制推广知识、最佳环境实践以及在环境上、技术上、社会上和经济上切实可行的替代技术。 |
| Article 8 Emissions | | 第八条 排放 |
| 1. This Article concerns controlling and, where feasible, reducing emissions of mercury and mercury compounds, often expressed as “total mercury”, to the atmosphere through measures to control emissions from the point sources falling within the source categories listed in Annex D. | | 一、本条文适用于通过对属于附件D中所列来源类别的范围的点源的排放采取措施，以控制、并于可行时减少通常表述为“总汞”的汞和汞化合物向大气中的排放问题。 |
| 2. For the purposes of this Article: | | 二、对于本条文而言： |
| (a) “Emissions” means emissions of mercury or mercury compounds to the atmosphere; | | （一）“排放”系指汞或汞化合物向大气中的排放； |
| (b) “Relevant source” means a source falling within one of the source categories listed in Annex D. A Party may, if it chooses, establish criteria to identify the sources covered within a source category listed in Annex D so long as those criteria for any category include at least 75 per cent of the emissions from that category; | | （二）“相关来源”是指属于附件D中所列来源类别范围的某种来源。缔约方可选择确立相关标准，用以确定附件D中所列某一来源类别内所涵盖的相关来源，只要关于其中任何来源的标准中包括来自所涉类别的排放量至少为75%即可； |
| (c) “New source” means any relevant source within a category listed in Annex D, the construction or substantial modification of which is commenced at least one year after the date of: | | （三）“新来源”是指属于附件D中所列类别的、且其建造或重大改造工程始于自以下日期起至少1年以后的任何相关来源： |
| (i) Entry into force of this Convention for the Party concerned; or | | 1.本公约对所涉缔约方开始生效之日；或 |
| (ii)( Entry into force for the Party concerned of an amendment to Annex D where the source becomes subject to the provisions of this Convention only by virtue of that amendment; | | 2.对附件D的某一修正案对所涉缔约方开始生效之日--该来源系完全因为上述修正案才开始适用本公约之各项规定； |
| (d) “Substantial modification” means modification of a relevant source that results in a significant increase in emissions, excluding any change in emissions resulting from by-product recovery. It shall be a matter for the Party to decide whether a modification is substantial or not; | | （四）“重大改造”是指对可导致排放量大幅增加的相关来源的重大改造工程，其中不包括因对副产品的回收而导致的排放量的任何变化。应当由所涉缔约方决定某一改造是否属于重大改造； |
| (e) “Existing source” means any relevant source that is not a new source; | | （五）“现有来源”系指不属于新来源的任何相关来源； |
| (f) “Emission limit value” means a limit on the concentration, mass or emission rate of mercury or mercury compounds, often expressed as “total mercury”, emitted from a point source. | | （六）“排放限值”系指对源自排放点源的汞或汞化合物的浓度、质量或排放率实行的限值，通常表述为某种来自某一点源的“总汞”。 |
| 3. A Party with relevant sources shall take measures to control emissions and may prepare a national plan setting out the measures to be taken to control emissions and its expected targets, goals and outcomes. Any plan shall be submitted to the Conference of the Parties within four years of the date of entry into force of the Convention for that Party. If a Party develops an implementation plan in accordance with Article 20, the Party may include in it the plan prepared pursuant to this paragraph. | | 三、拥有相关来源的缔约方应当采取措施，控制汞的排放，并可制订一项国家计划，设定为控制排放而采取的各项措施及其预计指标、目标和成果。任何计划均应自本公约开始对所涉缔约方生效之日起4年内提交缔约方大会。如果缔约方选择依照第二十条制订一项国家实施计划，则该缔约方可把本款所规定的计划纳入其中。 |
| 4. For its new sources, each Party shall require the use of best available techniques and best environmental practices to control and, where feasible, reduce emissions, as soon as practicable but no later than five years after the date of entry into force of the Convention for that Party. A Party may use emission limit values that are consistent with the application of best available techniques. | | 四、对于新来源而言，每一缔约方均应要求在实际情况允许时尽快、但最迟应自本公约开始对其生效之日起5年内使用最佳可得技术和最佳环境实践，以控制并于可行时减少排放。缔约方可采用符合最佳可得技术的排放限值。 |
| 5. For its existing sources, each Party shall include in any national plan, and shall implement, one or more of the following measures, taking into account its national circumstances, and the economic and technical feasibility and affordability of the measures, as soon as practicable but no more than ten years after the date of entry into force of the Convention for it: | | 五、对于现有来源而言，每一缔约方均应在实际情况允许时尽快、但不迟于自本公约开始对其生效之日起10年内，在其国家计划中列入并实施下列一种或多种措施，同时考虑到其国家的具体国情、以及这些措施在经济和技术上的可行性及其可负担性； |
| (a) A quantified goal for controlling and, where feasible, reducing emissions from relevant sources; | | （一）控制并于可行时减少源自相关来源的排放的量化目标； |
| (b) Emission limit values for controlling and, where feasible, reducing emissions from relevant sources; | | （二）控制并于可行时减少来自相关来源的排放限值； |
| (c) The use of best available techniques and best environmental practices to control emissions from relevant sources; | | （三）采用最佳可得技术和最佳环境实践来控制源自相关来源的排放； |
| (d) A multi-pollutant control strategy that would deliver co-benefits for control of mercury emissions; | | （四）采用针对多种污染物的控制战略，从而取得控制汞排放的协同效益； |
| (e) Alternative measures to reduce emissions from relevant sources. | | （五）减少源自相关来源的排放的替代性措施。 |
| 6. Parties may apply the same measures to all relevant existing sources or may adopt different measures in respect of different source categories. The objective shall be for those measures applied by a Party to achieve reasonable progress in reducing emissions over time. | | 六、缔约方既可对所有相关的现有来源采取同样的措施，亦可针对不同来源类别采取不同的措施。目标是使其所采取的措施得以随着时间的推移在减少排放方面取得合理的进展。 |
| 7. Each Party shall establish, as soon as practicable and no later than five years after the date of entry into force of the Convention for it, and maintain thereafter, an inventory of emissions from relevant sources. | | 七、每一缔约方均应在实际情况允许时尽快，且自本公约开始对其生效之日起5年内建立、并于嗣后保存一份关于相关来源的排放情况的清单。 |
| 8. The Conference of the Parties shall, at its first meeting, adopt guidance on: | | 八、缔约方大会应当在其第一次会议上针对下列事项通过指导意见: |
| (a) Best available techniques and on best environmental practices, taking into account any difference between new and existing sources and the need to minimize cross-media effects; and | | （一）最佳可得技术和最佳环境实践，同时亦考虑到新来源与现有来源之间的任何差异，并就尽最大限度减少跨介质影响的必要性提供指导意见；以及 |
| (b) Support for Parties in implementing the measures set out in paragraph 5, in particular in determining goals and in setting emission limit values. | | （二）为缔约方实施本条第五款中所规定的措施提供支持，特别是在确立国家目标和订立排放限值方面提供支持。 |
| 9. The Conference of the Parties shall, as soon as practicable, adopt guidance on: | | 九、缔约方大会应当在实际情况允许时尽快就下列事项通过指导意见： |
| (a) Criteria that Parties may develop pursuant to paragraph 2 (b); | | （一）缔约方可依照本条第二款第二项制定的标准； |
| (b) The methodology for preparing inventories of emissions. | | （二）用于拟定排放清单的方法学。 |
| 10. The Conference of the Parties shall keep under review, and update as appropriate, the guidance developed pursuant to paragraphs 8 and 9. Parties shall take the guidance into account in implementing the relevant provisions of this Article. | | 十、缔约方大会应当定期审查并酌情更新依照第八和第九款提出的指导意见。缔约方应当在执行本条各相关条款时考虑到这些指导意见。 |
| 11. Each Party shall include information on its implementation of this Article in its reports submitted pursuant to Article 21, in particular information concerning the measures it has taken in accordance with paragraphs 4 to 7 and the effectiveness of the measures. | | 十一、每一缔约方均应在其依照第二十一条提交的报告中列入关于其实施本条条款情况的信息，特别是关于其依照第四至第七款所采取的措施、以及关于这些措施的实际成效的信息。 |
| Article 9 Releases | | 第九条 释放 |
| 1. This Article concerns controlling and, where feasible, reducing releases of mercury and mercury compounds, often expressed as “total mercury”, to land and water from the relevant point sources not addressed in other provisions of this Convention. | | 一、本条文适用于控制，以及于可行时，减少来自那些未在本公约的其他条款中涉及的相关点源向土地和水中释放通常表述为“总汞”的汞和汞化合物。 |
| 2. For the purposes of this Article: | | 二、就本条文而言： |
| (a) “Releases” means releases of mercury or mercury compounds to land or water; | | （一）“释放”是指汞或汞化合物向土地或水中的释放； |
| (b) “Relevant source” means any significant anthropogenic point source of release as identified by a Party that is not addressed in other provisions of this Convention; | | （二）“相关来源”是指那些由缔约方所确定的、未在公约其他条款中涉及的任何重大人为释放点源； |
| (c) “New source” means any relevant source, the construction or substantial modification of which is commenced at least one year after the date of entry into force of this Convention for the Party concerned; | | （三）“新来源”是指任何相关的来源，此种来源的建造或重大改造系自本公约开始对所涉缔约方生效之日起至少1年之后启动； |
(d) “Substantial modification” means modification of a relevant source that results in a significant increase in releases, excluding any change in releases resulting from by-product recovery. It shall be a matter for the Party to decide whether a modification is substantial or not;
．．．．．． | | （四）“重大改造”是指对某一相关来源进行的、导致其排放量大幅增加的改造，其中不包括因对其副产品进行的回收而导致的释放量的任何改变。所涉改造是否属于重大改造应当由所涉缔约方认定；
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