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Law of the People's Republic of China (1988 Amendment) [Revised]
中华人民共和国土地管理法(1988修正) [已被修订]
【法宝引证码】

Land Administration Law of the People's Republic of China 

中华人民共和国土地管理法(修订本)

(Adopted at the 16th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Sixth National People's Congress on June 25, 1986, and amended at the 5th Meeting of the Standing Committee of the Seventh National People's Congress on December 29, 1988) (第六届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十六次会议于一九八六年六月二十五日通过,第七届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第五次会议于一九八八年十二月二十九日修正)

Chapter I General Provisions 

第一章  总  则

Article 1 is Law is formulated in order to strengthen land administration, maintain the socialist public ownership of land, protect and develop land resources, make proper use of land, effectively protect cultivated land and meet the needs of the socialist modernization.  第一条 为了加强土地管理,维护土地的社会主义公有制,保护、开发土地资源,合理利用土地,切实保护耕地,适应社会主义现代化建设的需要,特制定本法。
Article 2 e People's Republic of China shall practice the socialist public ownership of land, namely ownership by the whole people and collective ownership by the working people.  第二条 中华人民共和国实行土地的社会主义公有制,即全民所有制和劳动群众集体所有制。
No unit or individual may seize, buy, sell land or make any other unlawful transfer of land. 任何单位和个人不得侵占、买卖或者以其他形式非法转让土地。
The state may, in the public interest, lawfully requisition land owned by collectives. 国家为了公共利益的需要,可以依法对集体所有的土地实行征用。
The right to the use of state-owned land and collective-owned land may be transferred according to law. Specific measures for the transfer of the right to the use of land shall be formulated separately by the State Council. 国有土地和集体所有的土地的使用权可以依法转让.土地使用权转让的具体办法,由国务院另行规定.
The state shall, in accordance with the law, implement a system of the compensated use of state-owned land. Specific measures for the compensated use of state-owned land shall be formulated separately by the State Council. 国家依法实行国有土地有偿使用制度.国有土地有偿使用的具体办法,由国务院另行规定.
Article 3 ople's governments at all levels must observe and implement the guiding principles of valuing land highly and using land rationally, draw up overall plans, strengthen land administration, protect and develop land resources, and prevent acts of unlawful possession of cultivated land and abuse of land.  第三条 各级人民政府必须贯彻执行十分珍惜和合理利用土地的方针,全面规划,加强管理,保护、开发土地资源,制止乱占耕地和滥用土地的行为。
Article 4 e people's governments shall reward the units or individuals that gain prominent achievements in protecting and developing land resources, using land rationally and carrying out relevant scientific research.  第四条 在保护和开发土地资源、合理利用土地以及进行有关的科学研究等方面成绩显著的单位和个人,由人民政府给予奖励。
Article 5 e land administration department under the State Council shall be in charge of the unified administration of the land throughout the country.  第五条 国务院土地管理部门主管全国土地的统一管理工作。
The land administration departments of local people's governments at and above the county level shall be in charge of the unified administration of the land in their respective administrative areas. The provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall set up relevant agencies according to actual requirements. 县级以上地方人民政府土地管理部门主管本行政区域内的土地的统一管理工作,机构设置由省、自治区、直辖市根据实际情况确定。
People's governments at the township level shall be in charge of land administration in their respective administrative areas. 乡级人民政府负责本行政区域内的土地管理工作。
Chapter II Ownership of Land and Right to the Use of Land 

第二章 土地的所有权和使用权

Article 6 nd in the urban areas of cities shall be owned by the whole people, namely, owned by the state.  第六条 城市市区的土地属于全民所有即国家所有。
Land in the rural and suburban areas shall be owned by collectives, except for those portions which belong to the state in accordance with the Law; house sites and private plots of cropland and hilly land shall also be owned by collectives. 农村和城市郊区的土地,除法律规定属于国家所有的以外,属于集体所有;宅基地和自留地、自留山,属于集体所有。
Article 7 ate-owned land may be lawfully determined to be used by units under ownership by the whole people or units under collective ownership. State-owned land and collective-owned land may be lawfully determined to be used by individuals. Units and individuals that use land shall have the obligation to protect and manage the land and make rational use of such land.  第七条 国有土地可以依法确定给全民所有制单位或者集体所有制单位使用,国有土地和集体所有的土地可以依法确定给个人使用。使用土地的单位和个人,有保护、管理和合理利用土地的义务。
Article 8 llective-owned land shall belong lawfully to peasant collectives of a village and shall be operated and managed by agricultural collective economic organizations such as village agricultural producers' cooperatives or villagers' committees. Ownership of land already belonging to peasant collective economic organizations of a township (town) may be assumed by peasant collectives in the township (town).  第八条 集体所有的土地依照法律属于村农民集体所有,由村农业生产合作社等农业集体经济组织或者村民委员会经营、管理。已经属于乡(镇)农民集体经济组织所有的,可以属于乡(镇)农民集体所有。
If land owned by peasant collectives of a village has been divided and belongs to two or more agricultural collective economic organizations in the village, ownership of such land may be assumed by peasant collectives in the respective agricultural collective economic organizations. 村农民集体所有的土地已经分别属于村内两个以上农业集体经济组织所有的,可以属于各该农业集体经济组织的农民集体所有。
Article 9 nd owned by collectives shall be registered and recorded by people's governments at the county level, which shall, upon verification, issue certificates to affirm the ownership of such land.  第九条 集体所有的土地,由县级人民政府登记造册,核发证书,确认所有权。
State-owned land lawfully used by units under ownership by the whole people or under collective ownership or used by individuals shall be registered and recorded by local people's governments at or above the county level, which shall, upon verification, issue certificates to affirm their right to the use of such land. 全民所有制单位、集体所有制单位和个人依法使用的国有土地,由县级以上地方人民政府登记造册,核发证书,确认使用权。
Confirmation of the ownership of or the right to the use of forest land or grassland and confirmation of the right to the use of water surface or beaches for aquaculture shall be dealt with in accordance with relevant provisions of the Forestry Law, the Grassland Law and the Fisheries Law respectively. 确认林地、草原的所有权或者使用权,确认水面、滩涂的养殖使用权,分别依照《森林法》、《草原法》和《渔业法》的有关规定办理。
Article 10 any change is to be lawfully made in land ownership or in the right to the use of land, the formality of registering such change must be gone through and the certificate changed accordingly.  第十条 依法改变土地的所有权或者使用权的,必须办理土地权属变更登记手续,更换证书。
Article 11 nership of land and right to the use of land shall be protected by law. No unit or individual shall infringe upon such ownership and right.  第十一条 土地的所有权和使用权受法律保护,任何单位和个人不得侵犯。
Article 12 nd owned by collectives and state-owned land used by units under ownership by the whole people or under collective ownership may be operated under a contract by collectives or individuals for agricultural, forestry, livestock and fishery production.  第十二条 集体所有的土地,全民所有制单位、集体所有制单位使用的国有土地,可以由集体或者个人承包经营,从事农、林、牧、渔业生产。
Collectives or individuals that contract to operate land shall have the obligation to protect such land and make rational use of it according to the uses provided for by the contract. 承包经营土地的集体或者个人,有保护和按照承包合同规定的用途合理利用土地的义务。
The right to operate land under contract shall be protected by law. 土地的承包经营权受法律保护。
Article 13 sputes concerning ownership of land and the right to the use of land shall be solved through consultation between the parties. If no agreement can be reached through consultation, they shall be decided by the people's government.  第十三条 土地所有权和使用权争议 ,由当事人协商解决;协商不成的 ,由人民政府处理。
Disputes concerning ownership of land and the right to the use of land between units under ownership by the whole people, between units under collective ownership, and between units under ownership by the whole people and units under collective ownership shall be decided by people's governments at or above the county level. 全民所有制单位之间、集体所有制单位之间、全民所有制单位和集体所有制单位之间的土地所有权和使用权争议,由县级以上人民政府处理。
Disputes concerning the right to the use of land between individuals, between individuals and units under ownership by the whole people, or between individuals and units under collective ownership shall be decided by people's governments at the township or county level. 个人之间、个人与全民所有制单位和集体所有制单位之间的土地使用权争议,由乡级人民政府或者县级人民政府处理。
If a party refuses to accept the decision of the relevant people's government, it may file a lawsuit in a people's court within 30 days from the date of receiving notification of the decision. 当事人对有关人民政府的处理决定不服的 , 可以在接到处理决定通知之日起三十日内,向人民法院起诉。
Before a dispute concerning ownership of land or the right to the use of land is solved, no party may alter the existing condition of the disputed land or destroy anything attached to it. 在土地所有权和使用权争议解决以前,任何一方不得改变土地现状,不得破坏土地上的附着物。
Chapter III Utilization and Protection of Land 

第三章 土地的利用和保护

Article 14 e state shall establish a land survey and statistics system. Land administration departments of people's governments at and above the county level together with departments concerned shall carry out land surveys and prepare statistics thereof.  第十四条 国家建立土地调查统计制度。县级以上人民政府土地管理部门会同有关部门进行土地调查统计。
Article 15 ople's governments at all levels shall draw up overall plans for land utilization. The overall plans for land utilization of local people's governments shall be implemented upon approval by people's governments at higher levels.  第十五条 各级人民政府编制土地利用总体规划,地方人民政府的土地利用总体规划经上级人民政府批准执行。
Article 16 ban planning shall fit in with the overall plan for land utilization. Within areas covered by urban planning, utilization of land shall be consistent with such urban planning.  第十六条 城市规划和土地利用总体规划应当协调。在城市规划区内,土地利用应当符合城市规划。
In the safety zones of rivers and lakes, utilization of land shall be consistent with a comprehensive plan of development and utilization of rivers and lakes. 在江河、湖泊的安全区内,土地利用应当符合江河、湖泊综合开发利用规划。
Article 17 velopment of state-owned barren hills, wastelands and beaches for agricultural, forestry, livestock and fishery production shall be subject to the approval of people's governments at or above the county level; such land may be assigned to be used by the units that develop it.  第十七条 开发国有荒山、荒地、滩涂用于农、林、牧、渔业生产的,由县级以上人民政府批准,可以确定给开发单位使用。
Article 18 a piece of land from which minerals have been extracted or soil has been removed can be reclaimed, the land-using unit or individual shall be responsible for reclaiming it and restoring its use.  第十八条 采矿、 取土后能够复垦的土地, 用地单位或者个人应当负责复垦,恢复利用。
Article 19 bject to the approval of a people's government at or above the county level, a land administration department may withdraw the grant of right to the use of state-owned land and cancel the land-use certificate of the land-using unit under any of the following circumstances:  第十九条 使用国有土地,有下列情形之一的,由土地管理部门报县级以上人民政府批准,收回用地单位的土地使用权,注销土地使用证:
(1) the land-using unit being dissolved or moved away; 一、 用地单位已经撤销或者迁移的;
(2) the land being set aside without use for two consecutive years without the consent of the original approving authority; 二、 未经原批准机关同意,连续二年未使用的;
(3) the land being used in a way inconsistent with the approved use; or 三、 不按批准的用途使用的;
(4) public roads, railways, airports, mining areas and so on being abandoned upon due verification and approval. 四、 公路、铁路、机场、矿场等经核准报废的。
Article 20 ople's governments at all levels shall adopt measures to protect cultivated land, maintain irrigation and drainage installations, improve soil, increase fertility of land, prevent soil from desertification, control soil salinization and soil erosion and prohibit acts allowing land to lie waste and destroying cultivated land.  第二十条 各级人民政府应当采取措施,保护耕地,维护排灌工程设施,改良土壤,提高地力,防治土地沙化、盐渍化、水土流失,制止荒废、破坏耕地的行为。
Economy must be practiced in using land for state construction and township (town) and village construction; cultivated land shall not be used when wasteland can serve the purpose; good land shall not be used when poor land is available. 国家建设和乡(镇)村建设必须节约使用土地,可以利用荒地的,不得占用耕地;可以利用劣地的,不得占用好地。
Chapter IV Use of Land for State Construction 

第四章 国家建设用地

Article 21 en the state needs to requisition land owned by collectives or to use state-owned land for economic, cultural or national defence construction projects and for initiating public works, the matter shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of this Chapter.  第二十一条 国家进行经济、文化、国防建设以及兴办社会公共事业,需要征用集体所有的土地或者使用国有土地的,按照本章规定办理。
Article 22 on approval, construction units may apply for use of land needed for state construction projects which are listed in the state fixed-assets investment plan or which may be built in accordance with state provisions.  第二十二条 按照国家规定 , 列入国家固定资产投资计划的或者准许建设的国家建设项目,经过批准,建设单位方可申请用地。
Article 23 en land is to be requisitioned for state construction, the construction unit must apply to the land administration department of the local people's governments at or above the county level by presenting a project planning description or other documents of approval issued by the competent authority under the State Council or a local people's government at or above the county level, according to procedures specified for state capital construction. After the application has been examined and approved by the people's government at or above the county level, its land administration department shall reassign the land.  第二十三条 国家建设征用土地,建设单位必须持国务院主管部门或者县级以上地方人民政府按照国家基本建设程序批准的设计任务书或者其他批准文件,向县级以上地方人民政府土地管理部门提出申请, 经县级以上人民政府审查批准后, 由土地管理部门划拨土地。
When the state requisitions land for construction, the units whose land is requisitioned should subordinate their wishes to the needs of the state and shall not obstruct the requisition. 国家建设征用土地,被征地单位应当服从国家需要,不得阻挠。
Article 24 land owned by collectives is requisitioned for state construction, the state shall have title to such land, while the unit using the land shall have only the right to its use.  第二十四条 国家建设所征用的集体所有的土地 ,所有权属于国家 ,用地单位只有使用权。
Article 25 quisition of more than 1,000 mu of cultivated land or more than 2,000 mu of other types of land for state construction shall be subject to the approval of the State Council.  第二十五条 国家建设征用耕地一千亩以上,其他土地二千亩以上的,由国务院批准。
Requisition of land in the administrative areas of provinces or autonomous regions shall be subject to the approval of the governments of those provinces or regions. Requisition of less than three mu of cultivated and less than ten mu of other types of land shall be subject to the approval of people's governments at the county level. The limits of approval authority of people's governments of municipalities under provinces and of autonomous prefectures shall be decided by the standing committees of people's congresses of the respective provinces and autonomous regions. 征用省 、自治区行政区域内的土地,由省 、自治区人民政府批准;征用耕地三亩以下,其他土地十亩以下的,由县级人民政府批准;省辖市、自治州人民政府的批准权限,由省、自治区人民代表大会常务委员会决定。
Requisition of land within the administrative areas of municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be subject to the approval of the people's governments of those municipalities. The limits of approval authority of the people's governments of districts and counties under centrally administered municipalities shall be decided by the standing committees of the people's congresses of such municipalities. 征用直辖市行政区域内的土地,由直辖市人民政府批准;直辖市的区人民政府和县人民政府的批准权限,由直辖市人民代表大会常务委员会决定。
Article 26 plication for the land needed in a single construction project shall be submitted for approval according to the overall design; such application shall not be broken up into parts. Requisition of land for a project which is being constructed in stages shall be conducted stage by stage but not long before it is used. Application for land needed for the construction of railways, public roads, oil or water pipelines and so on shall be presented for approval section by section and the procedures for land requisition shall be completed accordingly.  第二十六条 一个建设项目需要使用的土地,应当根据总体设计一次申请批准,不得化整为零。分期建设的项目,应当分期征地,不得先征待用。铁路、公路和输油、输水等管线建设需要使用的土地,可以分段申请批准,办理征地手续。
Article 27 its using requisitioned land for state construction shall pay land compensation. The compensation for requisition of cultivated land shall be three to six times the average annual output value of the requisitioned land for the three years preceding such requisition. Provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall stipulate standards of compensation for requisition of other types of land with reference to the standard of compensation for requisition of cultivated land.  第二十七条 国家建设征用土地,由用地单位支付土地补偿费。征用耕地的补偿费,为该耕地被征用前三年平均年产值的三至六倍。 征用其他土地的补偿费标准,由省、自治区、直辖市参照征用耕地的补偿费标准规定。
Standards of compensation for attachments and young crops on the requisitioned land shall be stipulated by provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. 被征用土地上的附着物和青苗的补偿标准,由省、自治区、直辖市规定。
Units using requisitioned vegetable plots in city suburbs shall pay for a development and construction fund for new vegetable plots in accordance with relevant provisions of the state. 征用城市郊区的菜地,用地单位应当按照国家有关规定缴纳新菜地开发建设基金。
Article 28 addition to payment of compensation when requisitioning land for state construction, the land-using units shall also pay for resettlement subsidies.  第二十八条 国家建设征用土地,用地单位除支付补偿费外,还应当支付安置补助费。
Resettlement subsidies for requisition of cultivated land shall be calculated according to the agricultural population needing to be resettled. The agricultural population needing to be resettled shall be calculated by dividing the amount of requisitioned cultivated land by the average amount of original cultivated land per person of the unit being requisitioned. The standard resettlement subsidy to be divided among members of the agricultural population needing resettlement shall be two to three times the average annual output value of each mu of the requisitioned cultivated land for the three years preceding such requisition. However, the highest resettlement subsidy for each mu of requisitioned cultivated land shall not exceed ten times its average annual output value for the three years preceding such requisition. Provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall stipulate respective standards for resettlement subsidies for requisition of other types of land with reference to the standard resettlement subsidy for cultivated land. 征用耕地的安置补助费,按照需要安置的农业人口数计算。需要安置的农业人口数,按照被征用的耕地数量除以征地前被征地单位平均每人占有耕地的数量计算。每一个需要安置的农业人口的安置补助费标准,为该耕地被征用前三年平均每亩年产值的二至三倍。但是,每亩被征用耕地的安置补助费,最高不得超过被征用前三年平均年产值的十倍。征用其他土地的安置补助费标准,由省、自治区、直辖市参照征用耕地的安置补助费标准规定。
Article 29 land compensation and resettlement subsidies paid in accordance with Articles 27 and 28 of this Law are still insufficient to maintain the original living standard of the peasants needing resettlement, the resettlement subsidy may be increased upon approval of people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government. However, the total land compensation and resettlement subsidy shall not exceed 20 times the average yearly output value of the requisitioned land for the three years preceding such requisition.  第二十九条 依照本法第二十七条、第二十八条的规定支付土地补偿费和安置补助费,尚不能使需要安置的农民保持原有生活水平的,经省、自治区、直辖市人民政府批准,可以增加安置补助费。但是,土地补偿费和安置补助费的总和不得超过土地被征用前三年平均年产值的二十倍。
Article 30 l kinds of compensation and resettlement subsidies paid for requisitioned land on account of state construction, except for the compensation for individually owned attachments or young crops on the requisitioned land which shall be paid to such individuals, shall be used by the units being requisitioned to develop production, to provide employment for the extra labour force due to requisition of the land and as living subsidies for people who cannot be employed; such funds shall not be used for other purposes and shall not be appropriated by any unit or individual.  第三十条 国家建设征用土地的各项补偿费和安置补助费,除被征用土地上属于个人的附着物和青苗的补偿费付给本人外,由被征地单位用于发展生产和安排因土地被征用而造成的多余劳动力的就业和不能就业人员的生活补助,不得移作他用,任何单位和个人不得占用。
Article 31 nd administration departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall coordinate the units being requisitioned, units using requisitioned land and other units concerned to help resettle the extra labour force due to requisition of land for state construction by developing agricultural and sideline production and setting up township (town) or village enterprises. If there are still people who cannot be resettled, the qualified persons among them may be given work in the units using the requisitioned land or other units under collective ownership or ownership by the whole people and the corresponding resettlement subsidy shall be transferred to the units which absorb such a labour force.  第三十一条 因国家建设征用土地造成的多余劳动力,由县级以上地方人民政府土地管理部门组织被征地单位、用地单位和有关单位,通过发展农副业生产和举办乡(镇)村企业等途径,加以安置;安置不完的,可以安排符合条件的人员到用地单位或者其他集体所有制单位、全民所有制单位就业,并将相应的安置补助费转拨给吸收劳动力的单位。
If all the land of a unit is requisitioned, members originally registered in agricultural households may change their status to non-agricultural households upon approval of people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government. People's governments at or above the county level may consult with the relevant township (town) or village to decide upon the settlement of the original collective-owned property and the compensation and resettlement subsidies received, which shall be used for organizing production and as living subsidies for those who cannot be employed, but shall not be distributed privately. 被征地单位的土地被全部征用的,经省、自治区、直辖市人民政府审查批准,原有的农业户口可以转为非农业户口。原有的集体所有的财产和所得的补偿费、安置补助费,由县级以上地方人民政府与有关乡(镇)村商定处理,用于组织生产和不能就业人员的生活补助,不得私分。
Article 32 e compensation standard for requisition of land and the means of resettling people relocated due to construction of large or medium-sized water conservancy or hydroelectric projects shall be stipulated separately by the State Council.  第三十二条 大中型水利、水电工程建设征用土地的补偿费标准和移民安置办法,由国务院另行规定。
Article 33 orage sites for materials, transportation routes and other temporary installations of construction projects shall be situated within the limits of the requisitioned land as far as possible. When additional land for temporary use is truly necessary, the construction units may apply to the agencies authorizing the use of land for projects, specifying the amount of land and the time limit for such temporary use, and shall sign temporary land-use agreement with collective agricultural economic organizations upon such applications, being approved. Construction units shall pay compensation each year during the time limit based on the average annual output value of such land for the preceding three years. No permanent structures shall be erected on such land for temporary use. Construction units shall restore the production conditions of such land and return it promptly after the period for temporary use expires.  第三十三条 工程项目施工,需要材料堆场、运输通路和其他临时设施的,应当尽量在征用的土地范围内安排。确实需要另行增加临时用地的,由建设单位向批准工程项目用地的机关提出临时用地数量和期限的申请,经批准后,同农业集体经济组织签订临时用地协议,并按该土地前三年平均年产值逐年给予补偿。在临时使用的土地上不得修建永久性建筑物。使用期满,建设单位应当恢复土地的生产条件,及时归还。
Requisition of land for the temporary uses of erecting lines above-ground, laying pipelines underground, building other underground projects, carrying out geological prospecting and so on shall be subject to the approval of local people's governments at the county level, and compensation shall be paid in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. 架设地上线路、铺设地下管线、建设其他地下工程、进行地质勘探等,需要临时使用土地的,由当地县级人民政府批准,并按照前款规定给予补偿。
Construction units shall ask for approval from local people's governments at the county level if land surveys are needed for choosing construction sites and shall pay proper compensation for any losses caused. 建设单位为选择建设地址 ,需要对土地进行勘测的 ,应当征得当地县级人民政府同意;造成损失的,应当给予适当补偿。
Article 34 r the purpose of state construction, state-owned barren hills, wasteland and state-owned land presently used by other units shall be allocated after approval has been granted in accordance with due procedures and limits of approval authority over land requisition for state construction. The state-owned barren hills and wasteland shall be allocated without charge. Construction units which require state-owned land currently used by other units shall pay proper compensation to those units if losses are caused by the requisition and shall be responsible for moving such units if necessary.  第三十四条 国家建设使用国有荒山、荒地以及其他单位使用的国有土地的,按照国家建设征用土地的程序和批准权限经批准后划拨。使用国有荒山、荒地的,无偿划拨。使用其他单位使用的国有土地,原使用单位受到损失的,建设单位应当给予适当补偿;原使用单位需要搬迁的,建设单位应当负责搬迁。
Article 35 quisition of land for construction by urban units under collective ownership shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions in this  第三十五条 城市集体所有制单位进行建设,需要使用土地的,按照本章规定办理。
Article 36 en land owned by collectives is needed by an enterprise under ownership by the whole people or an enterprise under ownership by collectives in cities and a collective agricultural economic organization, for setting up a jointly operated enterprise under joint investment, application thereof must be submitted to the land administration department of a local people's government at or above the county level by presenting a project plan description or other documents of approval issued by the competent authority under the State Council or a local people's government at or above the county level in accordance with procedures specified for state capital construction. The people's government at or above the county level shall approve the application within the limits of authority for approval of land requisitions for state construction. The land approved for such use may be requisitioned in accordance with the provisions for land requisitions for state construction, or the right to the use of such land may be offered by a collective agricultural economic organization as a condition of agreement on joint operation.  第三十六条 全民所有制企业、城市集体所有制企业同农业集体经济组织共同投资举办的联营企业,需要使用集体所有的土地的,必须持国务院主管部门或者县级以上地方人民政府按照国家基本建设程序批准的设计任务书或者其他批准文件,向县级以上地方人民政府土地管理部门提出申请,按照国家建设征用土地的批准权限,经县级以上人民府批准;经批准使用的土地,可以按照国家建设征用土地的规定实行征用,也可以由农业集体经济组织按照协议将土地的使用权作为联营条件。
Chapter V Use of Land for Township (Town) and Village Construction 

第五章 乡(镇)村建设用地

Article 37 ans for township (town) and village construction shall be made in accordance with the principles of rational distribution and economical use of land and shall be put into practice upon approval of people's governments at the county level. Plans for township (town) or village construction within planned areas in cities shall be put into practice upon approval of municipal people's governments.  第三十七条 乡(镇)村建设应当按照合理布局、节约用地的原则制定规划,经县级人民政府批准执行。城市规划区内的乡(镇)村建设规划,经市人民政府批准执行。
Rural residence construction, township (town) and village enterprise construction, township (town) and village public works and public welfare construction and so on shall be conducted in accordance with construction plans of the township (town) and village concerned. 农村居民住宅建设,乡(镇)村企业建设,乡(镇)村公共设施、公益事业建设等乡(镇)村建设,应当按照乡(镇)村建设规划进行。
Article 38 ral residents shall use original house sites and idle lots in villages to build residences. If cultivated land needs to be used, the matter shall be subject to the examination and verification of people's governments at the township level and the approval of people's governments at the county level. Use of original house sites, idle lots and other land in village shall be subject to approval of people's governments at the township level.  第三十八条 农村居民建住宅,应当使用原有的宅基地和村内空闲地。使用耕地的,经乡级人民政府审核后 ,报县级人民政府批准 ;使用原有的宅基地、村内空闲地和其他土地的,由乡级人民政府批准。
The land that rural residents use to build residences shall not exceed the standards set by provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government. 农村居民建住宅使用土地,不得超过省、自治区、直辖市规定的标准。
Approval for other house sites shall not be granted to those who have sold or leased their houses. 出卖、出租住房后再申请宅基地的,不予批准。
Article 39 township (town) or village enterprise that needs land for construction must apply to the land administration department of a people's government at the county level by presenting a project plan description or other documents of approval issued by a local government at or above the county level; the application shall be subject to the approval of a local people's government at or above the county level within the limits of approval authority granted by the relevant province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government.  第三十九条 乡(镇)村企业建设需要使用土地的,必须持县级以上地方人民政府批准的设计任务书或者其他批准文件 ,向县级人民政府土地管理部门提出申请,按照省、自治区、直辖市规定的批准权限,由县级以上地方人民政府批准。
Land required for construction by township (town) and village enterprises must be strictly controlled. Provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government may stipulate respective land use standards after taking into consideration the various trades and operational scope of township (town) and village enterprises. 乡(镇)村企业建设用地,必须严格控制。省、自治区、直辖市可以按照乡(镇)村企业的不同行业和经营规模,分别规定用地标准。
Township (town) enterprises which use land owned by village peasant collectives for construction shall make proper compensation to the units which provide land for such use and shall properly arrange the production and livelihood of peasants concerned in accordance with respective provisions of their province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government. 乡(镇)办企业建设使用村农民集体所有的土地的,应当按照省、自治区、直辖市的规定,给被用地单位以适当补偿,并妥善安置农民的生产和生活。
Article 40 Applications for the use of land required by townships (towns) and villages for public works and public welfare construction shall, after examination and verification by the people's governments at the township level, be submitted to the departments of land administration under the governments at the county level and shall be approved by the local people's governments at or above the county level in line with the limits of authority for approval as prescribed by the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government.  第四十条 乡(镇)村公共设施、公益事业建设 ,需要使用土地的 ,经乡级人民政府审核,向县级人民政府土管理部门提出申请,按照省、自治区、直辖市规定的批准权限,由县级以上地方人民政府批准.
Article 41 en non-agricultural households in cities or towns need to use land owned by collectives to build residences, they must obtain the approval of people's governments at the county level. The size of land for such use shall not exceed the standards set by provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and compensation and resettlement subsidies shall be paid with reference to the standards provided for land requisition for state construction.  第四十一条 城镇非农业户口居民建住宅,需要使用集体所有的土地的,必须经县级人民政府批准,其用地面积不得超过省、自治区、直辖市规定的标准,并参照国家建设征用土地的标准支付补偿费和安置补助费。
Article 42 cal people's governments at various levels may set controlling indices for use of land in township (town) and village construction and submit such indices to people's governments at the next higher level for approval and implementation.  第四十二条 地方各级人民政府可以制定乡(镇)村建设用地控制指标,报上一级人民政府批准执行。
Chapter 6 

第六章 法律责任

Article 43 its under ownership by the whole people and urban units under collective ownership that unlawfully encroach upon land without approval or with fraudulently obtained approval shall be ordered to return such land and demolish, within a definite period of time, any structures or other installations newly erected thereon, or such structures or installations shall be confiscated and fines shall be imposed concurrently. Disciplinary sanctions shall be adopted against those who bear the main responsibility in their respective units for such unlawful encroachment, either by the units to which they belong or by offices at a higher level.  第四十三条 全民所有制单位 、 城市集体所有制单位未经批准或者采取欺骗手段骗取批准,非法占用土地的,责令退还非法占用的土地,限期拆除或者没收在非法占用的土地上新建的建筑物和其他设施,并处罚款;对非法占地单位的主管人员由其所在单位或者上级机关给予行政处分。
If the amount of land occupied exceeds the approved amount, the exceeding portion shall be handled as in the case of unlawful encroachment of land. 超过批准的用地数量占用土地的,多占的土地按照非法占用土地处理。
Article 44 wnship (town) and village enterprises which unlawfully encroach upon land without approval or with fraudulently obtained approval shall be ordered to return such land and demolish, within a definite period of time, any structures or other installations newly erected thereon, or such structures or installations shall be confiscated and fines may be imposed concurrently.  第四十四条 乡(镇)村企业未经批准或者采取欺骗手段骗取批准,非法占用土地的,责令退还非法占用的土地 , 限期拆除或者没收在非法占用的土地上新建的建筑物和其他设施,可以并处罚款。
If the amount of land occupied exceeds the approved amount, the excessive portion shall be handled as in the case of unlawful encroachment of land. 超过批准的用地数量占用土地的,多占的土地按照非法占用土地处理。
Article 45 ral residents who unlawfully encroach upon land to build residences without approval or with fraudulently obtained approval shall be ordered to return such land and demolish, within a definite period of time, the houses newly built on such land, or such newly built houses shall be confiscated.  第四十五条 农村居民未经批准或者采取欺骗手段骗取批准,非法占用土地建往宅的,责令退还非法占用的土地,限期拆除或者没收在非法占用的土地上新建的房屋。
Article 46 sidents in non-agricultural households in cities or towns who unlawfully encroach upon land to build residences without approval or with fraudulently obtained approval shall be ordered to return such land and demolish, within a definite period of time, the houses newly built on such land, or such newly built houses shall be confiscated.  第四十六条 城镇非农业户口居民未经批准或者采欺骗手段骗取批准,非法占用土地建住宅的,责令退还非法占用的土地,限期拆除或者没收在非法占用的土地上新建的房屋。
State functionaries who, by abusing authority, unlawfully encroach upon land to build residences without approval or with fraudulently obtained approval shall be ordered to return such land and demolish, within a definite period of time, the houses newly built on such land, or such houses shall be confiscated and disciplinary sanctions shall be imposed upon such functionaries either by the units to which they belong or by offices at a higher level. 国家工作人员利用职权,未经批准或者采取欺骗手段骗取批准,非法占用土地建住宅的,责令退还非法占用的土地,限期拆除或者没收在非法占用的土地上新建的房屋,并由其所在单位或者上级机关给予行政处分。
Article 47 yone who unlawfully transfers land through buying, selling or other means shall have his illegal proceeds confiscated and shall be ordered to demolish, within a definite period of time, any structures or other installations newly erected on such land, or such structures or installations shall be confiscated and the party concerned may be fined; disciplinary sanctions shall be adopted against the person who bears the main responsibility either by the unit to which he belongs or by an office at a higher level.  第四十七条 买卖或者以其他形式非法转让土地的,没收非法所得,限期拆除或者没收在买卖或者以其他形式非法转让的土地上新建的建筑物和其他设施,并可以对当事人处以罚款;对主管人员由其所在单位或者上级机关给予行政处分。
Article 48 units or individuals without authority to approve requisition or use of land unlawfully approve occupation of land, or if they unlawfully approve occupation of land by overstepping their authority of approval, the documents of such approval shall be void and disciplinary sanctions shall be adopted against those who bear the main responsibility in such units or other individuals who have unlawfully approved occupation of land, either by the units to which they belong or by offices at a higher level. Those who take bribes shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with relevant provisions of the Criminal Law. Land occupied through unlawful approval shall be handled as in the case of unlawful encroachment of land.  第四十八条 无权批准征用、使用土地的单位或者个人非法批准占用土地的,超越批准权限非法批准占用土地的,批准文件无效,对非法批准占用土地的单位主管人员或者个人由其所在单位或者上级机关给予行政处分;收受贿赂的,依照《刑法》有关规定追究刑事责任。非法批准占用的土地按照非法占用土地处理。
Article 49 its at higher levels or other units that unlawfully seize land compensation and resettlement subsidies paid to the units whose land has been requisitioned shall be ordered to return such funds and make compensation, and they may be fined concurrently. Disciplinary sanctions shall be adopted against those who bear the main responsibility either by the units to which they belong or by offices at a higher level. Unlawful seizures by individuals shall be handled as in the case of graft.  第四十九条 上级单位或者其他单位非法占用被征地单位的补偿费和安置补助费的,责令退赔,可以并处罚款,对主管人员由其所在单位或者上级机关给予行政处分;个人非法占用的,以贪污论处。
Article 50 oever makes temporary use of land in accordance with Article 33 of this Law and fails to return the land after the term for such use expires and whoever refuses to surrender land after their right to the use of it has been withdrawn in accordance with Article 19 of this Law shall be ordered to return the land and shall be fined concurrently.  第五十条 依照本法第三十三条的规定临时使用土地,期满不归还的,依照本法第十九条的规定土地使用权被收回,拒不交出土地的,责令交还土地,并处罚款。
Article 51 oever, in violation of the law, excavates earth or sand from or quarries or mines on crop land, thereby seriously damaging the cultivation conditions, or, in developing land, causes soil desertification, soil salinization or soil erosion, shall be ordered to make rectification within a definite period of time and may be fined concurrently.  第五十一条 违反法律规定,在耕地上挖土、挖沙、采石、采矿等,严重毁坏种植条件的,或者因开发土地,造成土地沙化、盐渍化、水土流失的,责令限期治理,可以并处罚款。
Article 52 ministrative sanctions under this Law shall be decided by land administration departments of local people's governments at or above the county level; administrative sanctions under Article 45 of this Law may be decided by people's governments at the township level. If the party concerned refuses to accept an administrative sanction, it may file suit in a people's court within 15 days of receiving the notification on the decision regarding the sanction. If the party neither files suit nor complies with the decision within that period, the sanction-imposing office shall apply to the people's court for compulsory enforcement.  第五十二条 本法规定的行政处罚由县级以上地方人民政府土地管理部门决定,本法第四十五条规定的行政处罚可以由乡级人民政府决定。当事人对行政处罚决定不服的,可以在接到处罚决定通知之日起十五日内,向人民法院起诉;期满不起诉又不履行的,由作出处罚决定的机关申请人民法院强制执行。
Units or individuals that are under the punishment of demolishing, within a definite period of time, any new structures or other installations must stop construction immediately. For those who carry on construction, the sanction-imposing office shall have the authority to stop it. Whoever rejects or hinders the performance of duties by land administration personnel in accordance with the law shall be punished in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Regulations on Administrative Penalties for Public Security. 受到限期拆除新建建筑物和其它设施的处罚的单位和个人,必须立即停止施工.对继续施工的,作出处罚决定的机关有权制止.拒绝、阻碍土地管理工作人员依法执行职务的,依照治安管理处罚条例的有关规定处罚.
Article 53 e land administration department of a local people's government at or above the county level shall order anyone who has infringed upon others' ownership of land and right to the use of land to stop the infringement and pay compensation for the losses caused. If a party refuses to accept the order, it may file suit in a people's court within 30 days after receiving notification of the order. The party infringed on may also file suit directly in the people's court.  第五十三条 侵犯土地的所有权或者使用权的,由县级以上地方人民政府土地管理部门责令停止侵犯,赔偿损失;当事人对处理决定不服的,可以在接到处理决定通知之起三十日内向人民法院起诉。被侵权人也可以直接向人民法院起诉。
Article 54 ring the course of changing ownership of land or the right to its use or solving disputes concerning ownership of land or the right to its use, anyone who offers or takes bribes, extorts money, commits embezzlement or theft of state or collective property, or incites the masses to disorderly conduct or obstruction of state construction, if his acts constitute a crime, shall be investigated for criminal responsibility in accordance with relevant provisions of the Criminal Law.  第五十四条 在变更土地的所有权、使用权和解决土地所有权、使用权争议的过程中,行贿、受贿,敲诈勒索,贪污、盗窃国家的和集体的财物,或者煽动群众闹事、阻挠国家建设,构成犯罪的,依照《刑法》有关规定追究刑事责任。
Chapter VII Supplementary Provisions 

第七章 附  则

Article 55 ministrative procedures for the land used by Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures, Chinese-foreign contractual joint ventures and foreign-capital enterprises shall be stipulated separately by the State Council.  第五十五条 中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业、外资企业使用土地的管理办法,由国务院另行规定。
Article 56 e land administration department under the State Council shall formulate rules for implementation of this Law, which shall be put into force after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.  第五十六条 国务院土地管理部门根据本法制定实施条例,报国务院批准施行。
The standing committees of the people's congresses of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall formulate measures for implementation of this Law. 省、自治区、直辖市人民代表大会常务委员会根据本法制定实施办法。
Article 57 is Law shall go into effect on January 1, 1987. On the same day, the Regulations on the Administration of Land Used by Villages and Towns for House Building, promulgated on February 13, 1982, and the Regulations on the Requisition of Land for State Construction, promulgated on May 14, 1982 by the State Council, shall be invalidated.  第五十七条 本法自一九八七年一月一日起施行 , 一九八二年二月十三日国务院发布的《村镇建房用地管理条例》和一九八二年五月十四日国务院公布的《国家建设征用土地条例》同时废止。
     
     
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