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| Notice of the Supreme People's Court on Issuing Some Opinions of the Supreme People's Court about Providing Judicial Protection for the Construction of Socialist Harmonious Society | | 最高人民法院印发《最高人民法院关于为构建社会主义和谐社会提供司法保障的若干意见》的通知 |
(No. 2 [2007] of the Supreme People's Court) | |
（法发〔2007〕2号） |
The local people's courts at all levels, the military courts at all levels, the railway intermediate courts and grass-roots courts, the maritime courts all over the country, and the courts at all levels in Sinkiang Production and Construction Corps., | |
全国地方各级人民法院、各级军事法院、各铁路运输中级法院和基层法院、各海事法院，新疆生产建设兵团各级法院： |
During the process of comprehensively building a well-off society and constructing a socialist harmonious society, the people's courts assume a significant historical mission. In order to better implement the strategic deployment of the CPC Central Committee, fully bring the functions of people's courts into play and provide powerful judicial protection for the construction of socialist harmonious society, the Supreme People's Court has formulated Some Opinions of the Supreme People's Court about Providing Judicial Protection for the Construction of Socialist Harmonious Society, which are hereby printed and distributed to you, please seriously implement them in the trial work by considering the actuality. | |
在全面建设小康社会、构建社会主义和谐社会的进程中，人民法院肩负着重大的历史使命。为了更好地贯彻党中央的战略部署，充分发挥人民法院的职能作用，为构建社会主义和谐社会提供有力的司法保障，最高人民法院制定了《最高人民法院关于为构建社会主义和谐社会提供司法保障的若干意见》，现印发给你们，请在审判工作中结合实际，认真贯彻执行。 |
January 15, 2007 | |
二○○七年一月十五日 |
Some Opinions of the Supreme People's Court about Providing Judicial Protection for the Construction of Socialist Harmonious Society | |
最高人民法院关于为构建社会主义和谐社会提供司法保障的若干意见 |
The Sixth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee has made the Decision on Some Important Issues about Constructing a Socialist Harmonious Society, which is a significant strategic deployment of the CPC Central Committee, with Comrade Hu Jintao as the general secretary, for comprehensively building a well-off society and accelerating the promotion of socialist modernization cause. In order to better implement the Decision, fully bring the functions of people's courts into play and provide powerful judicial protection for the construction of a socialist harmonious society, the following opinions are hereby put forward: | |
党的十六届六中全会作出了《关于构建社会主义和谐社会若干重大问题的决定》，这是以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央，为全面建设小康社会、加快推进社会主义现代化事业作出的重大战略部署。为了更好地贯彻落实决定，充分发挥人民法院的职能作用，为构建社会主义和谐社会提供有力的司法保障，特提出如下意见。 |
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| I. The Provision of Judicial Protection for the Construction of Socialist Harmonious Society Is a Significant Historical Mission of the People's Courts. | | 一、为构建社会主义和谐社会提供司法保障是人民法院的重大历史使命 |
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| 1. The socialist harmonious society is a society of democracy, rule by law, fairness, equity, good faith, friendship, vigor, stability, orderliness and harmonious existence between human and the nature. These basic features of a harmonious society have closely related with the work of the people's courts. The fundamental duties of the people's courts are to solve social conflicts, maintain social stability, guarantee economic development, promote social harmony, and realize fairness and equity. The people's courts are not only a building force of harmonious society but also a protection force of harmonious society, and shoulder a significant historical mission during the course of constructing a socialist harmonious society. | | 1、社会主义和谐社会是民主法治、公平正义、诚信友爱、充满活力、安定有序、人与自然和谐相处的社会。和谐社会的这些基本特征与人民法院工作密切相关。人民法院的根本职责就是化解社会矛盾，维护社会稳定，保障经济发展，促进社会和谐，实现公平正义。人民法院既是和谐社会的建设力量，更是和谐社会的保障力量，在构建社会主义和谐社会的进程中肩负着重大历史使命。 |
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| 2. The strategic deployment for constructing a socialist harmonious society has put forward higher and newer requirements, added more and harder tasks and given larger and heavier duties to the people's courts. Along with deep social changes, a lot of acute and complicated social conflicts are turning into crimes, civil disputes and administrative disputes and are entering into the judicial field, and a number of deep conflicts and problems touched during the reform process need to be solved by judicial procedures. The process for the people's courts to provide judicial protection for harmonious society is a continuous process of exercising functions, resolving conflicts and promoting the harmony. In order to fulfill the important tasks to be assumed, the people's courts shall change ideas and viewpoints, enhance work criteria, focus on and be dedicated to social harmony, and take the provision of judicial protection to harmonious society as a long-term historical mission and an important issue. | | 2、构建社会主义和谐社会的战略部署，给人民法院提出了更高更新的要求，增加了更多更难的任务，赋予了更大更重的责任。由于社会深刻变化，大量尖锐、复杂的社会矛盾衍生为刑事犯罪、民事纠纷和行政争议进入司法领域，大量改革过程中触及的深层次矛盾和问题需要通过司法程序来解决。人民法院为和谐社会提供司法保障的过程，就是不断发挥职能作用，化解矛盾，促进和谐的过程。人民法院要完成所肩负的重任，就必须转变思想观念，提高工作标准，着眼于社会和谐，致力于社会和谐，把为和谐社会提供司法保障作为人民法院的长期历史任务和面临的重大现实课题抓紧抓好。 |
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| II. Guidelines, Targets, Missions and Basic Principles | | 二、指导思想、目标任务和基本原则 |
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| 3. For providing judicial protection for the construction of socialist harmonious society, it is imperative to adhere to Deng Xiaoping Theory and the important thoughts of “Three Represents”, fulfill the scientific viewpoint of development in an all-around way, follow the guidelines of “equity justice and serving the people wholeheartedly” and the themes of “fairness and efficiency”, take the resolution of social conflicts as the point of cut-in, the guarantee of social stability as the point of strength, the maintenance of the people's interests as the point of departure, and the protection of judicial justice as the base point, strengthen judicial protection, and endeavor to provide a stable and orderly social environment and an equity, efficient and authoritative environment of rule by law for the socialist harmonious society through sufficiently and effectively exerting functions, adding as many harmonious factors as possible and reducing as many disharmonious factors as possible. | | 3、为构建社会主义和谐社会提供司法保障，必须坚持以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导，全面落实科学发展观，坚持“公正司法，一心为民”指导方针和“公正与效率”工作主题，以化解社会矛盾为切入点，以确保社会稳定为着力点，以维护群众利益为出发点，以维护司法公正为立足点，加强司法保障，通过依法充分有效地发挥职能作用，最大限度地增加和谐因素，最大限度地减少不和谐因素，努力为社会主义和谐社会提供安定有序的社会环境和公正高效权威的法治环境。 |
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| 4. Main targets and tasks for providing judicial protection for the construction of socialist harmonious society are: up to 2020, the socialist trial system and working mechanism will be more perfect, the judicial activities will be more impartial, efficient and authoritative; the judicial functions of maintaining fairness and equity and promoting harmonious social and economic development will be more healthy; the judicial means for resolving social conflicts will be more diverse, and the judicial methods will be more convenient; the judicial protection of human rights will be more sufficient, the litigation rights of the people will be practically respected and safeguarded; the openness and transparency of justice will be evidently enhanced, and the construction of judicial democracy will be fundamentally completed; the quality of judges will be remarkably enhanced, and the professionalism of judges will be fundamentally realized; and the protection ability and level will be remarkably strengthened, and the judicial requirements of the harmonious society will be further met. | | 4、为构建社会主义和谐社会提供司法保障的主要目标和任务是：到二○二○年，社会主义审判制度和工作机制更加完善，司法活动更加公正高效权威；维护公平正义和促进社会经济协调发展的司法功能更加健全；化解社会矛盾的司法手段更加多样，司法方式更加便捷；司法对人权的保护更加充分，人民群众的诉讼权利得到切实尊重和保障；司法的公开性和透明度明显增强，司法民主建设基本到位；法官队伍素质显著提高，法官职业化基本实现；保障能力和水平显著增强，和谐社会的司法需求得到进一步满足。 |
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| 5. For providing judicial protection for the construction of a socialist harmonious society, the following principles shall be observed: firstly, adhering to equity justice, and always regarding the equity justice as the soul and life of all the work of the people's courts as well as a basic task of the provision of judicial protection, adhering to trial independence and neutrality, adhering to equal protection, and doing the best to maintain and realize social fairness and justice through fair, efficient and authoritative enforcement of laws; secondly, adhering to serving the people wholeheartedly, and always taking the protection of basic interests of the vast people as the starting point and standing point of all the work of the people's courts as well as the basic contents for the provision of judicial protection, and properly handling the issues involving the most cared, the most direct and the most realistic interests of the people; thirdly, adhering to serving the overall situation, and always taking the protection of stable overall situation of reform and development as the central task of all the work of the people's courts as well as the basic way for providing the protection, bringing the functions into full play, and creating a good environment of rule by law; and fourthly, adhering to the CPC's leadership, and always taking the CPC's leadership as the political requirement of all the work of the people's courts as well as the basic guarantee for providing the protection, voluntarily accepting the supervision of the people's congress and its standing committee, and retaining the courts' political quality of being dedicated to the CPC, the country, the people and the law for ever. | | 5、为构建社会主义和谐社会提供司法保障，必须坚持以下原则：一是坚持公正司法。始终把公正司法作为人民法院一切工作的灵魂和生命，作为提供保障的根本任务，坚持审判独立和中立，坚持平等保护，通过依法公正高效权威的司法，最大限度地维护和实现社会公平正义。二是坚持一心为民。始终把维护最广大人民的根本利益作为人民法院一切工作的出发点和落脚点，作为提供保障的根本内容，按照司法为民的要求，妥善处理好涉及人民群众最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题。三是坚持服务大局。始终把维护改革发展稳定大局作为人民法院一切工作的中心任务，作为提供保障的根本途径，充分发挥职能作用，创造良好的法治环境。四是坚持党的领导。始终把党的领导作为人民法院一切工作的政治要求，作为提供保障的根本保证，自觉接受人大及其常委会的监督，保持法院队伍永远忠于党、忠于国家、忠于人民、忠于法律的政治本色。 |
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| III. Resolving Social Conflicts and Promoting Social Harmony | | 三、化解社会矛盾，促进社会和谐 |
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| 6. Correctly handling the cases involving marriage and family and the cases involving the disputes between neighbors, and promoting the harmony of marriage, family and neighborhood. When handling the cases involving the disputes over marriage or family, the people's courts shall advocate such traditional merits as marriage freedom, equality between men and women, respecting the elderly and taking good care of the young, and mutual support, and impose punishments in the case of such illegal acts as family violence, abandoning or mistreating of the elderly or the children and the failure to fulfill the obligation of support or bring-up. When handling the dispute over neighborhood, the people's courts shall advocate morals and customs such as mutual respect, mutual support, cherishing the environment and civilized behaviors, and lawfully punish the illegal acts of destroying the environment or damaging public property, etc. | | 6、正确处理婚姻家庭案件和社区邻里纠纷案件，促进婚姻家庭和社区邻里关系和谐。在处理婚姻家庭纠纷案件时，倡导婚姻自由、男女平等、尊老爱幼、相互扶助的传统美德，依法制裁家庭暴力，遗弃、虐待老人和儿童，不尽赡养、抚养义务等违法行为。在处理社区邻里纠纷时，倡导互相尊重、相互帮扶、爱护环境、举止文明的道德风尚，依法制裁破坏环境、损坏公物等违法行为。 |
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| 7. Properly trying the cases involving farmers and maintaining the social harmony of the countryside. The people's courts shall strengthen the work on filing, trial and implementation of the cases involving farmers, further facilitate the litigation of farmers; hear various cases involving the disputes over rural land contracting, and maintain the rights and interests of farmers to various land contracting businesses; hear the administrative cases involving arbitrary collection of fees, arbitrary apportionment, land expropriation, relocation and compensation, and other administrative cases involving farmers, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of farmers; and impose punishments in the case of the crime of producing or selling counterfeited or inferior pesticides, animal medicine or seeds or damaging the interests of farmers, or destroying the election or endangering the rural democratic administration, and maintain normal economic, social and living order of the countryside. | | 7、妥善审理涉农案件，维护农村社会和谐。加强涉农案件的立案、审判和执行工作，进一步方便农民群众诉讼；依法审理各类农村土地承包纠纷案件，维护农民的各项土地承包经营权益；依法审理乱收费、乱摊派、土地征收、安置补偿等涉农行政案件，保护农民群众的合法权益；依法惩处生产、销售假冒伪劣农药、兽药、化肥、种子等坑害农民利益的犯罪以及破坏选举等危害农村民主管理的犯罪，维护农村正常的经济和社会生活秩序。 |
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| 8. Properly trying the cases involving labor disputes and maintaining a harmonious labor relationship. The people's courts shall actively accept the cases involving the default or retaining of wages by enterprises and other cases involving the infringement upon the legitimate rights and interests of laborers, regulate the use of laborers by enterprises, promote the growth and perfection of labor force market; strengthen the protection of legitimate rights and interests of migration workers, and ensure that they could obtain their labor remunerations in a timely manner. | | 8、妥善审理劳动争议案件，维护劳动关系和谐。积极受理企业拖欠、克扣工资等侵犯劳动者合法权益的案件，规范企业的用工行为，促进劳动力市场的发育和完善。加强对进城务工人员合法权益的保护，确保他们及时获得应有的劳动报酬。 |
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9. Properly trying administrative cases and state compensation cases, and promoting the harmony between administrative organs, judicial organs and citizens, legal persons and other organizations. The people's courts shall bring the important role of administrative litigation in the resolution of administrative disputes into full play, adhere to the acceptance of administrative cases according to law, make relief channels smooth, guide the parties concerned to express their claims by statutory litigation procedures, and prevent the deterioration of conflicts; try the group administrative cases, properly coordinate the relationship between administrative subjects and administrative counterparts, support and safeguard the administrative organs to exert authorities according to law, and protect the legitimate rights and interest of citizens, legal persons and other organizations; and try the state compensation cases according to law, grant relief and compensations to the citizens that have been illegally aggrieved by state organs, and supervise and urge state organs to exert authorities lawfully.
．．．．．． | | 9、妥善审理行政案件和国家赔偿案件，促进行政机关、司法机关与公民、法人和其他组织关系和谐。充分发挥行政诉讼在化解行政争议中的重要作用，坚持依法受理行政案件，畅通救济渠道，引导当事人通过法定的诉讼程序表达诉求，防止矛盾激化；依法审理群体性行政案件，妥善协调好行政主体与行政相对人的关系，支持和保障行政机关依法行使职权，保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益。依法审理国家赔偿案件，对受到国家机关违法侵害的公民给予救济和补偿，监督和促进国家机关依法行使职权。
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