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No. 3 of Ten Noteworthy Financial Cases in Shanghai Courts of 2018: Principles of Judicial Discretion on The Apparent Examination Obligation of Advising Banks under UCP600 - a case of Company A v. Bank B on letters of credit disputes
2018年度上海法院金融商事审判十大案例之三：甲公司诉乙银行信用证纠纷案——UCP600下信用证通知行表面审核义务的司法裁量原则
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| No. 3 of Ten Noteworthy Financial Cases in Shanghai Courts of 2018: Principles of Judicial Discretion on The Apparent Examination Obligation of Advising Banks under UCP600 - a case of Company A v. Bank B on letters of credit disputes | | 2018年度上海法院金融商事审判十大案例之三：甲公司诉乙银行信用证纠纷案——UCP600下信用证通知行表面审核义务的司法裁量原则 |
| [Gist] | | 【裁判要旨】 |
| According to the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits (UCP600), advising banks have the obligation to examine the apparent authenticity of credits, and their confirmation of such authenticity should be based on reasonable grounds. A reasonable and valid way to examine such authenticity is to check with issuing banks through encrypted SWIFT messages (SWIFT being the message system of the Society for Worldwide Interbank Financial Telecommunication). If a SWIFT message contains any ambiguous content, the context and purpose of sending the message should be considered to determine whether an advising bank's understanding is reasonable or not, and the understanding of a presenting bank or a negotiating bank may also be referred for such determination. | | 根据《跟单信用证统一惯例》（UCP600），通知行仍负有审核信用证表面真实性的义务，其确认表面真实性应基于合理理由。以密押SWIFT电文（环球同业银行金融电讯协会的电文系统）向开证行求证属于合理有效的审核方式。SWIFT电文内容有歧义时，应当根据电文发送背景和目的判断通知行的理解是否合理。交单行、议付行对同一电文内容的理解可用于横向比较通知行的理解是否合理。 |
| ．．．．．． | | 【基本案情】 |
| | 乙银行（通知行）向受益人甲公司通知了一份由美国某银行（开证行）开立的不可撤销跟单信用证。甲公司与乙银行先后收到邮件寄送的修改件，为核实修改件的真实性，乙银行向开证行发送SWFIT电文进行询问。开证行在回复中确认系争两份信用证（原文用语为“L/C'S”）的真实性，并请通知行尽快通知到受益人。之后，乙银行向甲公司通知了修改件。甲公司根据修改后的信用证办理货物出口运输手续并委托丙银行（交单行）向开证行交单请付。开证行以单证不符为由拒付，并表示未对信用证进行过修改。甲公司出口的货物因信用证遭拒付被滞留目的港，无法办理退运或转港手续，后诉至法院，请求判令乙银行对其货款损失承担赔偿责任。 |
| | 【裁判结果】 |
| | 上海市第一中级人民法院于2017年9月24日作出（2017）沪01民初227号民事判决：驳回甲公司的诉讼请求。宣判后，甲公司提出上诉。上海市高级人民法院于2018年12月3日作出（2017）沪民终408号民事判决：驳回上诉，维持原判。 |
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