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Shanghai RoyalShe Cosmetics Co., Ltd. v. Shanghai Administration for Industry and Commerce, Jinshan Branch (case about disputes over an industry and commerce administrative punishment decision)
上海罗芙仙妮化妆品有限公司诉上海市工商行政管理局金山分局工商行政处罚决定案
【法宝引证码】

Shanghai RoyalShe Cosmetics Co., Ltd. v. Shanghai Administration for Industry and Commerce, Jinshan Branch (case about disputes over an industry and commerce administrative punishment decision)
(case about disputes over an industry and commerce administrative punishment decision)
上海罗芙仙妮化妆品有限公司诉上海市工商行政管理局金山分局工商行政处罚决定案

Shanghai RoyalShe Cosmetics Co., Ltd. v. Shanghai Administration for Industry and Commerce, Jinshan Branch
(A case about disputes over an industry and commerce administrative punishment decision)@#

[Summary]@#

1. Under Article 5 of the Anti-unfair Competition Law, business operatorsare not to use the following unfair methods to engage in market transactionsdamaging to competitors: 3. use, without authorization, the name of anotherenterprise or a personal name that causes people to mistake the businessoperator's products for those of another. Therefore, for the use of the enterprisename of another to constitute unfair competition, such use shall meet thefollowing factors: between the two parties there generally exists a competitiverelationship; the use has not been permitted and is without authorization; the enterprisename that has been used has a definite level of recognition in market and isknown to the relevant public; and the act of using the enterprise name causesthe relevant public to confuse the products of the two parties.@#

2. Under Article 6 (1) of the Interpretation of the Supreme People'sCourt on Some Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Trial of CivilCases Involving Unfair Competition, where the trade name within an enterprisename has a definite level of recognition in the market and is known to therelevant public, the trade name may  beheld to be an enterprise name under Article 5, subparagraph 3 of theAnti-unfair Competition Law.@#

3. If a person registers an enterprise overseas, then authorizes itscontrolling domestic enterprise to use the overseas enterprise's name, in orderto evade the examination in our country regarding enterprise registration, andso indirectly achieves the use, without authorization, of a famous domestic or internationalenterprise name or the trade name within the enterprise name, causing therelevant public to confuse products, even though the acts on the surface are theuse of the enterprise name or the trade name within the enterprise nameregistered by the person, it is still an act of unfair competition as prescribedin Article 5, subparagraph 3 of the Anti-unfair Competition Law, and the personshall assume corresponding legal liability. @#
BASIC FACTS@#
Plaintiff: Shanghai RoyalShe Cosmetics Co., Ltd., domiciled at Ring Road, Jiading District, Shanghai.@#
Legal representative: Cai Baojing, board chairman of the company.@#
Defendant: Shanghai Administration for Industry and Commerce, Jinshan Branch, domiciled at Weiling Road, Jinshan District, Shanghai.@#
Legal representative: Jin Guanming, director general of the branch.@#
Third party: L'OREAL (China) Co., Ltd., domiciled at China Enterprise Building, No. 2 Huashan Road, Shanghai.@#
Legal representative: Paolo Gasparrini, board chairman of the company.@#
PROCEDURAL POSTURE@#
For disputes over the specific administrative act of an administrative punishment decision (No. 280200810005 [2008] of Shanghai Administration for Industry and Commerce, Jinshan Branch) (hereinafter referred to as the “case-related administrative punishment decision”) made by the defendant, Shanghai Administration for Industry and Commerce, Jinshan Branch (hereinafter referred to as the “Jinshan Branch”), the plaintiff, Shanghai RoyalShe Cosmetics Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the “RoyalShe Company”), brought an administrative lawsuit with the People's Court of Jinshan District in Shanghai. Since the L'OREAL (China) Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the “L'OREAL Company”) was a party of interest to this case, it participated as a third party according to law to participate in the lawsuit.@#
The plaintiff, RoyalShe Company, alleged that: The defendant, Jinshan Branch, declared that the cosmetics of the “RoyalShe” and “Biyouquan” series stored by the plaintiff in the warehouse of the Shanghai Fushan Biological Products Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as the “Fushan Company”) were suspected of unfair competition, and seized the cosmetics and made an administrative punishment decision. The plaintiff was a legal enterprise registered according to law, and used the enterprise name of L'OREAL Group Co., Ltd. of France which was legally registered by the plaintiff in Hong Kong and the legally registered trademark “RoyalShe” on the products, which was not a use of the enterprise name or trademark of someone else without permission. The administrative punishment decision had neither factual nor legal basis, so it requested the court to revoke the administrative punishment decision made by the defendant.@#
......

 

上海罗芙仙妮化妆品有限公司诉上海市工商行政管理局金山分局工商行政处罚决定案@#
[裁判摘要]@#
一、《中华人民共和国反不正当竞争法》第五条规定:“经营者不得采用下列不正当手段从事市场交易,损害竞争对手广……(三)擅自使用他人的企业名称或者姓名,引人误认为是他人的商品;……”据此,使用他人企业名称构成不正当竞争的,应当具备以下要素:使用者与被使用者一般存在同业竞争关系;使用行为未征得被使用人的许可,属擅自使用;被使用的企业名称在市场上具有一定的知名度,为相关公众所知悉;使用行为易使相关公众将使用人提供的商品误认为是被使用人的商品。@#
二、根据最高人民法院《关于审理不正当竞争民事案件应用法律若干问题的解释》第六条第一款的规定,具有一定的市场知名度、为相关公众所知悉的企业名称中的字号,可以认定为反不正当竞争法五条第(三)项规定的“企业名称”。@#
三、行为人通过在境外注册登记企业,然后再授权其所控制的境内企业使用境外企业名称的方式,以规避我国对企业注册的审查,从而间接达到其擅自使用国内外知名企业名称或者企业名称中的字号的目的,造成相关公众对商品产生误认的,尽管该行为表面上是使用了行为人自己注册的企业名称或者企业名称中的字号,同样属于《中华人民共和国反不正当竞争法》第五条第(三)项规定的不正当竞争行为,应当依法承担相应的法律责任。@#
@#
原告:上海罗芙仙妮化妆品有限公司。@#
法定代表人:才宝晶,该公司董事长。@#
被告:上海市工商行政管理局金山分局。@#
法定代表人:金关明,该分局局长。@#
第三人:欧莱雅(中国)有限公司。@#
法定代表人:盖保罗(PAOLO GASPARRINI),该公司董事长。@#
@#
原告上海罗芙仙妮化妆品有限公司 (以下简称罗芙仙妮公司)不服被告上海市工商行政管理局金山分局(以下简称工商金山分局)作出的沪工商金案处字(2008)第280200810005号行政处罚决定具体行政行为(以下简称涉案行政处罚决定),向上海市金山区人民法院提起行政诉讼。因欧莱雅(中国)有限公司(以下简称欧莱雅公司)与本案有利害关系,故依法追加其作为第三人参加诉讼。@#
原告罗芙仙妮公司诉称:被告工商金山分局认为原告存放在上海复杉生物制品有限公司(以下简称复杉公司)仓库内的“罗芙仙妮”和“碧优泉”系列化妆品涉嫌不正当竞争,予以查扣,并作出涉案行政处罚决定。原告系依法登记的合法企业,产品上使用的系原告在香港合法登记的法国欧莱雅集团有限公司的企业名称和合法注册的“罗芙仙妮”商标等,原告未擅自使用他人的企业名称或商标。涉案行政处罚决定缺乏事实和法律依据,故请求撤销被告作出的涉案行政处罚决定具体行政行为。@#
原告罗芙仙妮公司提交以下证据:@#
1.原告罗芙仙妮公司营业执照、复杉公司营业执照、法国欧莱雅集团有限公司营业执照等,证明原告与法国欧莱雅集团有限公司等企业情况。@#
2.“罗芙仙妮”商标注册证、“碧优泉”和“OREAL”商标受理通知、法国欧莱雅集团有限公司签署的授权书等,证明“罗芙仙妮”系注册商标,“碧优泉”和“OREAL”两枚申请中商标的使用权利及授权原告罗芙仙妮公司使用企业名称的情况。@#
3.4个品种的包装盒、荣誉证书2份,证明原告罗芙仙妮公司的产品外包装没有突出使用“欧莱雅”文字,不足以与第三人欧莱雅公司的产品混淆,同时证明原告产品所获得的荣誉。@#
4.增值税发票4张、汇款凭证,证明原告罗芙仙妮公司的化妆品已出售给复杉公司。@#
5.上海市工商行政管理局普陀分局询问通知书,证明原告罗芙仙妮公司未曾受到其他工商行政管理机关的处罚,以此说明原告行为不违法。@#
6.国家商标局2006年6月认定驰名商标名录、“罗芙仙妮”商标和“L'OREAL欧莱雅”商标对比图样等,证明原告罗芙仙妮公司与第三人欧莱雅公司使用不同的商标,互不关联。@#
7.退货单24份,证明事发后原告罗芙仙妮公司收到退回化妆品的有关情况。@#
被告工商金山分局辩称:原告罗芙仙妮公司之行为属于擅自使用欧莱雅股份有限公司和第三人欧莱雅公司的企业字号,足以导致消费者的误认和混淆,违反了反不正当竞争法的相关规定,应当依法予以处罚。被告所作行政处罚决定合法正确,故请求驳回原告诉讼请求。@#
被告工商金山分局提交以下证据:@#
1.第三人欧莱雅公司投诉书、情况说明、欧莱雅股份有限公司注册登记材料公证书、“欧莱雅”和“碧欧泉”商标注册情况、欧莱雅股份有限公司委托第三人欧莱雅公司代理的委托书、碧儿泉公司委托第三人代理的委托书等,证明第三人及欧莱雅股份有限公司的基本情况、商标注册情况以及向被告工商金山分局提出投诉的情况。@#
2.《全国重点商标保护名录》(2006年 6月调整)、第三人欧莱雅公司及“欧莱雅”品牌所获荣誉证书、第三人及“欧莱雅”品牌相关报道、2001-2003年间广告投入证明、“欧莱雅OULAIYA及图”商标异议裁定书、关于“L'OREAL”商标异议的裁定书、财富中国等媒体对欧莱雅的评定、欧莱雅产品销售网点清单、认定“欧莱雅”为驰名商标的商标异议裁定书等,证明第三人是知名企业,其对产品投入了大量广告,其“欧莱雅”品牌获得较高知名度,其商标被列为重点商标,并被认定为驰名商标。@#
3.原告罗芙仙妮公司章程及资产额证明、法国欧莱雅集团有限公司注册证书、授权书等,证明原告、法国欧莱雅集团有限公司的投资主体情况以及授权情况。@#
4.代理授权书、罗芙仙妮特许经销合同、产品价格表、罗芙仙妮产品发货单、产品委托加工合同、加工生产合作协议、原告罗芙仙妮公司委托印刷产品外包装发票、购买化妆品容器发票等,证明原告产品的销售、代理及委托制作包装情况。@#
5.原告罗芙仙妮公司法定代表人的6份询问笔录、上海嘉妮生物科技有限公司 (以下简称嘉妮公司)法定代表人询问笔录、与嘉妮公司的产品委托加工合同、加工物品清单、上海美缘家化有限公司法定代表人询问笔录、上海豪生印刷有限公司(以下简称豪生公司)法定代表人询问笔录、豪生公司与原告的业务往来发票、暂扣物品货值清单等,证明原告委托嘉妮公司灌装、豪生公司印制外包装定牌生产化妆品等情况。@#
6.现场检查笔录、现场照片18幅、产品说明书2份和41种涉案化妆品的外包装,证明被告工商金山分局执法人员在执法现场发现的涉案化妆品上标注了“法国欧莱雅集团有限公司”等字样的情况。@#
7.招商手册、解放日报刊登的新闻宣传、网站网页公证书,证明原告罗芙仙妮公司在其产品广告宣传、网站上等使用“法国欧莱雅集团有限公司”名义或“法国欧莱雅”。@#
第三人欧莱雅公司述称:“欧莱雅 L'OREAL”在中国已成为高知名度的驰名商标,是其知名字号和品牌的核心文字。原告罗芙仙妮公司使用“欧莱雅”字号无合法依据,且使相关公众产生混淆、误认,侵犯了第三人的企业名称权,构成不正当竞争,被告工商金山分局所作具体行政行为正确,请求法院驳回原告之诉讼请求。@#
第三人欧莱雅公司提交以下证据:@#
1.第三人欧莱雅公司2005-2008年间广告投放数据及1999-2008年间销售数据、(2008)京国信内经证字第1333号、 1335号公证书等,证明第三人坚持连续性的广告投放。@#
2.2002-2003年广告投放登载,证明第三人欧莱雅公司在相关媒体上刊载广告的情况。@#
3.2000年前部分广告投放登载,证明“欧莱雅”品牌在市场上早已获得较高知名度。@#
4.驰名商标认定文件清单,证明其商标被认定为驰名商标时已有证明其驰名情况的相关证据。@#
5.“欧莱雅”品牌全国柜台设立清单及柜台图样,证明第三人欧莱雅公司产品销售的地域范围。@#
6.原告罗芙仙妮公司在其公司网站上以及其他网站发布的信息、原告网站与第三人欧莱雅公司网站的注册信息、北京市第二中级人民法院(2000)二中知初字第 89号民事判决书、第三人参加公益行动的网页报道等,证明原告在其网站上发布的信息造成消费者对原告产品与第三人的关联性产生误认。@#
7.(2008)京国信内经证字第1331号、 1332号、1334号公证书等,证明由财富、 INTERBRAND等权威认定机构对“欧莱雅”品牌的评定,并通过网页予以公示。@#
上海市金山区人民法院经依法组织双方当事人质证并开庭审理,查明以下事实:@#
......


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