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YRD Commodity Exchange Co., Ltd. v. Lu Haiyun (Case about disputes over return of an original object)
长三角商品交易所有限公司诉卢海云返还原物纠纷案
【法宝引证码】

YRD Commodity Exchange Co., Ltd. v. Lu Haiyun (Case about disputes over return of an original object)
(Case about disputes over return of an original object)
长三角商品交易所有限公司诉卢海云返还原物纠纷案
YRD Commodity Exchange Co., Ltd. v. Lu Haiyun (Case about disputes over return of an original object) 长三角商品交易所有限公司诉卢海云返还原物纠纷案
[Judgment Abstract] [裁判摘要]
The lien is a way of security for realizing creditor's rights between equal parties; except for the lien between enterprises, the movable property retained by a creditor shall be in the same legal relation with the creditor's rights. 留置权是平等主体之间实现债权的担保方式;除企业之间留置的以外,债权人留置的动产,应当与债权属于同一法律关系。
In the performance of a labor contract, both parties to the labor relation are in the unequal relationship of manager and the person being managed. On the ground that the employer is in arrears with the labor remuneration, the employee claims that the lien should be exercised on the tools, goods, and other movable property, which are provided to him by the employer for use. Since such movable properties are not the subject matter of the labor contract and they are not in the same legal relation with labor creditor's rights, the people's court shall not uphold the said claim. 劳动关系主体双方在履行劳动合同过程中处于管理与被管理的不平等关系。劳动者以用人单位拖欠劳动报酬为由,主张对用人单位供其使用的工具、物品等动产行使留置权,因此类动产不是劳动合同关系的标的物,与劳动债权不属于同一法律关系,故人民法院不予支持该主张。

BASIC FACTS
 
Plaintiff: YRD Commodity Exchange Co., Ltd., domiciled in Gaolang East Road, Binhu District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province. 原告:长三角商品交易所有限公司。
Legal Representative: Zhai Xiaoping, Chairman of the Board of Directors of this Company. 法定代表人:翟小平,该公司董事长。
Defendant: Lu Haiyun, male, Chinese Han, 50 years old, domiciled in Chong'an District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province. 被告:卢海云。
Plaintiff YRD Commodity Exchange Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “YRD Company”) filed a lawsuit with the People's Court of Chong'an District, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province against defendant Lu Haiyun for disputes over return of an original object. 原告长三角商品交易所有限公司(以下简称长三角公司)因与被告卢海云发生返还原物纠纷,向江苏省无锡市崇安区人民法院提起诉讼。
Plaintiff YRD Company alleged that: Defendant Lu Haiyun was the former deputy general manager of YRD Company. In order to facilitate Lu Haiyun's work, YRD Company allocated a Jetta car (Su BXXXXX) to him. Afterwards, there was some adjustment in the management of YRD Company. Lu Haiyun refused to accept the adjustment and stayed away from work without leave or good reason for several days. On February 21, 2014, YRD Company circulated a penalty notice, which specified that Lu Haiyun was dismissed from then on since he stayed away from work without leave or good reason for consecutive 13 days. On the same day, this notice was served upon Lu Haiyun. Therefore, the labor relation between YRD Company and Lu Haiyun has been terminated. Lu Haiyun neither had the right to continue the possession of the car nor had the right to exercise the lien on the car (Su BXXXXX) on the ground of labor disputes for the following reasons: (1) The labor disputes between Lu Haiyun and YRD Company should be governed by the Labor Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the “Labor Law”) and the lien under the Property Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the “Property Law”) could not be applied to challenge YRD Company. (2) YRD Company allocated the car to Lu Haiyun not based on the labor relation between them. Indeed, it was a welfare provided for senior managers and it was not of the same legal relation of disputes over salaries and social security funds. YRD Company had the right to require Lu Haiyun's return of the car according to the ownership under the General Principles of the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the “General Principles of the Civil Law”). (3) Even though Lu Haiyun applied for labor arbitration, the arbitral award has not come into force, the creditor's rights and debts have not been determined, and Lu Haiyun had no right to exercise the lien on the property of YRD Company. (4) Lu Haiyun's refusal to return the car (Su BXXXXX) caused YRD Company's additional payment of costs incurred from its employees' taking taxis and car rental. Upon consultation with all car rental companies, the rental price of a Jetta car per day was CNY100. Therefore, YRD Company requested the Court to order that Lu Haiyun should return the car (Su BXXXXX); Lu Haiyun should pay YRD Company the fees for the use of the car (Su BXXXXX) (calculated from February 21, 2014 to the date when the car was returned, CNY100 per day). 原告长三角公司诉称:被告卢海云原系长三角公司副总经理,为方便卢海云工作,长三角公司将捷达苏B×××××轿车配给卢海云使用。后长三角公司管理层进行调整,卢海云拒绝调整安排并且旷工多日,因此长三角公司于2014年2月21日作出处罚通告1份,载明卢海云连续旷工13日,从即日起给予辞退处理等内容,并于当日将该通告送达给卢海云,故长三角公司与卢海云之间的劳动关系已经解除。因此,卢海云无权继续占用该车辆,也无权以劳资纠纷为由对苏B×××××轿车行使留置权,理由:1.卢海云与长三角公司之间的劳资纠纷应适用劳动法,不能适用物权法上的留置权来对抗长三角公司。2.长三角公司将车辆配置给卢海云使用并非基于劳动关系,而是提供给高管的一种福利,与工资、社保金纠纷并非同一法律关系,长三角公司有权按照民法上的所有权要求卢海云返还车辆。3.即使卢海云申请劳动仲裁,但仲裁裁决书尚未生效,债权债务没有确定,卢海云无权留置长三角公司的财产。4.由于卢海云拒不返还苏B×××××轿车,造成长三角公司必须额外支付公司员工外出打车、租车的费用。经向各车辆租赁公司咨询,捷达轿车的租赁价格约每日100元。故请求法院判令卢海云向长三角公司返还苏B×××××轿车;卢海云向长三角公司支付苏B×××××轿车的使用费(自2014年2月21日起至返还车辆之日止,按每天100元计算)。
...... 被告卢海云辩称:原告长三角公司确实将捷达苏B×××××轿车配给卢海云使用,也收到长三角公司于2014年2月21日向卢海云送达的处罚通告,卢海云同意解除与长三角公司之间的劳动关系,但不同意返还苏B×××××轿车:1.因长三角公司结欠被告工资、社保金及经济赔偿金,故卢海云对长三角公司享有债权。同时,卢海云已就劳资纠纷向无锡市滨湖区劳动人事争议仲裁委员会申请劳动仲裁。2.苏 B×××××轿车是卢海云担任公司副总经理期间由长三角公司配置给其使用,因此卢海云是基于劳动关系合法占有苏 B×××××轿车。3.卢海云占有的车辆与债权同属劳动关系,故可以对苏 B×××××汽车行使留置权,直至长三角公司付清相关费用。4.长三角公司主张的车辆使用费没有事实和法律依据,因此不同意支付车辆使用费。
 无锡市崇安区人民法院一审查明:
 捷达苏B×××××轿车登记在原告长三角公司名下,被告卢海云原系长三角公司副总经理,长三角公司2013年9月6日购买该车后即交付卢海云使用。2014年2月21日,长三角公司向卢海云送达《关于卢海云同志旷工和挪/占用公司财产处罚通告》,载明卢海云“连续旷工13日,我公司多次通知拒不去集团物流园报到也不来交易所并挪用和拒还公司小车(捷达苏 B×××××),其行为违反了我司《员工手册》第三章第十五条关于旷工的规定和第十三章第七十二条第十款挪用公司财务的规定,属于严重的违纪行为,从即日起给予辞退处理”等内容:卢海云对解除劳动关系并无异议,但认为长三角公司解除劳动关系违法,应向其支付拖欠的工资、社保金及经济补偿金,故拒绝向长三角公司返还苏B×××××轿车。
 另查明:被告卢海云于2014年6月9日向无锡市滨湖区劳动人事争议仲裁委员会申请劳动仲裁,2014年7月25日该委作出锡滨劳人仲案字[2014]第339号仲裁裁决书,载明原告长三角公司应支付卢海云2013年1月至2014年1月的工资差额12.6万元及违法解除劳动合同的经济赔偿金8万元等内容。
 
 无锡市崇安区人民法院一审认为:
 原告长三角公司因被告卢海云担任长三角公司副总经理,将苏B×××××汽车配置给卢海云使用,故卢海云因长三角公司的安排合法占有、使用该车辆。卢海云系基于其与长三角公司的劳动关系合法占有该车辆,又主张基于该劳动关系长三角公司结欠其工资及经济赔偿金,故卢海云依法有权对该车行使留置权。因此,卢海云在长三角公司与其解除劳动关系后,基于长三角公司尚欠其工资及经济补偿金事宜,有权对苏B×××××汽车行使留置权,故对长三角公司要求卢海云返还车辆、支付车辆使用费的主张不予支持。
 ......

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