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Shanghai Punch Trade Co., Ltd. v. Punch Industry Co., Ltd. (Dalian) (Case on Dispute over Entrustment Contract)
上海盘起贸易有限公司与盘起工业(大连)有限公司委托合同纠纷案
【法宝引证码】

Shanghai Punch Trade Co., Ltd. v. Punch Industry Co., Ltd. (Dalian) (Case on Dispute over Entrustment Contract)
(Case on Dispute over Entrustment Contract)
上海盘起贸易有限公司与盘起工业(大连)有限公司委托合同纠纷案

Shanghai Punch Trade Co., Ltd. v. Punch Industry Co., Ltd. (Dalian)
(Case on Dispute over Entrustment Contract)@#
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Civil Judgment No. 143 (2005) of the Civil Tribunal No. 2 of the Supreme People's Court@#
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BASIC FACTS@#
Appellant (Plaintiff of the original instance): Shanghai Punch Trade Co., Ltd., domicile: No. 77, Eshan Road, Pudong New District, Shanghai@#
Legal Representative: Liang Chongxuan, manager of Shanghai Punch Trade Co., Ltd.@#
Authorized Agent: Li Xiaolin, lawyer of Beijing W & H Law Firm@#
Appellee (Defendant of the original instance): Punch Industry Co., Ltd. (Dalian), domicile: No. 5, Jinzhou Street, Development District, Dalian, Liaoning Province@#
Legal Representative: Wikipedia Sano, chairman of the board of directors of the Company@#
Authorized Agent: Shen Zejing, lawyer of Beijing Haotian Law Firm@#
Authorized Agent: Lu Jincheng, lawyer of Beijing Haotian Law Firm@#
Shanghai Punch Trade Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Shanghai Punch) was dissatisfied with Civil Judgment No. 34 (2003) of the Higher People's Court of Liaoning Province for a case involving dispute over entrustment contract with Punch Industry Co., Ltd. (Dalian) (hereinafter referred to as Dalian Punch) and filed an appeal with this Court. This Court formed a collegiate bench, comprised of presiding justice, Xu Ruibo, justice, Zhang Shuming, acting justice, Zhang Xuemei to hold a hearing. Pan Yongfeng, a clerk, took note. This case has now been concluded.@#
PROCEDURAL POSTURE@#
The court of the original instance found through hearing that: In July 2000, Wikipedia Sano, legal representative of Japan Punch Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Japan Punch) as well as the legal representative of Dailian Punch, concluded a Decision on Building up Punch's Sales Network in China and Establishing Shanghai Punch (hereinafter referred to as the Decision) upon negotiation with Liang Chongxuan, who shall take charge of the build-up, operation and administration of Punch's sales network in China, thereby confirming that Shanghai Punch is a member of the Punch Group as well as a unique sales representative organization of Punch Group in China (excluding Taiwan, Hong Kong or Macao). Shanghai Punch is a limited liability company that is registered in China and it shall, as an independent legal person, be run independently and take a sole responsibility of its profits and losses. Punch Group will offer Shanghai Punch its products at the most preferential price. There are also the relevant provisions on business operation and corporate governance in the Decision. Thereafter, Wikipedia Sano concluded an Entrustment with Liang Chongxuan, stipulating that Liang shall be entrusted to take charge of the build-up, administration and operation of the relevant organizations and channels within the sales networks of Punch Group in China on behalf of Japan Punch and the associated enterprises thereof, build up and manage Shanghai Punch as well as the other relevant sales organizations and assume the posts of shareholder, director and chairman of the board of directors of Shanghai Punch. His power limit, liabilities and specific competency shall be governed by the Decision. Japan Punch shall take charge of the coordination and order all the departments, associated enterprises under Punch Group to conclude the relevant business contracts with Shanghai Punch. It is also stipulated that the entrusted party shall unconditionally accept the withdrawal of the entrusted matters by the entrusting party.@#
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上海盘起贸易有限公司与盘起工业(大连)有限公司委托合同纠纷案@#
【裁判摘要】@#
根据合同法四百一十条规定,委托人或者受托人可以随时解除委托合同。因解除合同给对方造成损失的,除不可归责于该当事人的事由以外,应当赔偿损失。但是,当事人基于解除委托合同而应承担的民事赔偿责任,不同于基于故意违约而应承担的民事责任,前者的责任范围仅限于给对方造成的直接损失,不包括对方的预期利益。@#
中华人民共和国最高人民法院@#
民事判决书@#
(2005)民二终字第143号@#
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上诉人(原审原告):上海盘起贸易有限公司。住所地:上海市浦东新区峨山路77号。@#
法定代表人:梁崇宣,该公司经理。@#
委托代理人:李肖霖,北京炜蘅律师事务所律师。@#
被上诉人(原审被告):盘起工业(大连)有限公司。住所地:辽宁省大连开发区锦州街5号。@#
法定代表人:森久保有司,该公司董事长。@#
委托代理人:沈泽敬,北京市浩天律师事务所律师。@#
委托代理人:路金成,北京市浩天律师事务所律师。@#
上诉人上海盘起贸易有限公司(以下简称上海盘起)为与被上诉人盘起工业(大连)有限公司(以下简称大连盘起)委托合同纠纷一案,不服辽宁省高级人民法院(2003)辽民三合初字第34号民事判决,向本院提起上诉。本院依法组成由审判员徐瑞柏担任审判长,审判员张树明、代理审判员张雪梅参加的合议庭进行了审理。书记员潘勇锋担任记录。本案现已审理终结。@#
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原审法院审理查明:2000年7月,日本盘起工业株式会社(以下简称日本盘起)法定代表人(同时系大连盘起的法定代表人)森久保有司经与梁崇宣磋商后签署《建设盘起中国营销网络、设立上海盘起的决定》(以下简称《决定》),决定成立上海盘起,由其负责建设、经营、管理盘起中国营销网络,确认上海盘起为盘起集团成员,是盘起集团在中国地区(不含台湾、港澳)的唯一销售代表机构。上海盘起是在中国注册的有限责任公司,作为独立法人,独立经营,亏损自负,利益自留。盘起集团将以最优惠的价格供给上海盘起产品。该《决定》还就经营业务、公司管理等作了规定。随后,森久保有司与梁崇宣签订《委托书》,约定委托梁崇宣代表日本盘起及其关联企业负责建设、管理、运营盘起集团在中国地区营销网络(不含台湾、港澳)的销售机构和渠道,组建、经营管理上海盘起及其他相关销售机构,委托其担任上海盘起的股东、董事、董事长。其权限、责任和具体事宜以《决定》为准,日本盘起负责协调、责成盘起集团内各部门、各关联企业与上海盘起缔结业务关系协议书。同时约定受托人同意无条件接受委托人对委托事项的撤销。@#
同年7月28日,上海盘起经工商行政管理部门批准成立,为有限责任公司,注册资本为人民币100万元,其中梁崇宣出资90万元,毕春生出资10万元,法定代表人为梁崇宣。公司的经营范围为:模具及零部件、机械配件、五金工具、金属制品(专项审批除外)、塑料制品、化工原料(除危险品)的销售。同年8月,上海盘起与大连盘起签订一份《业务协议书》,就大连盘起委托上海盘起在中国地区(不含台湾、港澳)的销售事宜双方协议、确认如下:双方相互确认系盘起集团成员,在盘起工业的事业上有共同的利益和责任;大连盘起作为盘起集团在中国的制造基地,有责任按照盘起集团的标准,按质、按时、按量地供给上海盘起所需产品;上海盘起作为盘起集团在中国地区的销售代表机构,有责任开拓、发展盘起集团和大连盘起产品在中国地区的市场;大连盘起委托上海盘起在中国地区销售其生产经营的产品,不再委托、建立其他销售机构和渠道,如有必要须事前与上海盘起建立协议;上海盘起负责建设、管理、运营销售机构和渠道,根据客户需求可自行购买其他厂商产品进行销售活动;大连盘起将以最优惠的价格供给产品,并无偿提供、转让给上海盘起在中国地区的销售权、商标使用权及其他无形资产,上海盘起保证正确使用其销售权、商标及无形资产等。同时约定本协议有效期为20年,自2000年9月1日至2020年8月31日。@#
上述协议签订后,双方开始合作。上海盘起以传真或电子邮件等方式向大连盘起订购各种模具及配件,进行销售活动。上海盘起还通过发布广告、印发宣传册、参展及办展会等多种形式宣传大连盘起的产品,开拓市场,并相继建立广东、青岛、苏州、昆山、天津、杭州等营销网点,形成一定规模的销售网络。对货款的结算期限,双方没有明确约定。截止2002年4月,上海盘起共有货款人民币5916 866.41元尚未给付大连盘起,但大连盘起此前没有催收过。2002年4月19日,日本盘起森久保有司签署《撤销委托书的决定》,以上海盘起严重拖欠大连盘起货款,且其财务和销售活动缺乏透明度为由,决定撤销其原与梁崇宣签署的委托书及其附件,并撤销上海盘起。当日,大连盘起以上海盘起拖欠货款为由向法院提起诉讼。同月22日,日本盘起及大连盘起又作出对梁崇宣个人的《撤销委托书决定》,并于当日向梁崇宣送达上述决定书。同日,大连盘起又向销售系统各员工发布《关于撤销广东盘起工业销售有限公司和上海盘起贸易有限公司的决定》,并先后向客户发出《紧急通知》、《敬告客户》,重申大连盘起不再授权广东盘起、上海盘起经营盘起品牌产品;今后只有在大连盘起购买的盘起产品,才承担相关产品责任等。同月,大连盘起在上海、天津、东莞建立直属的营业所销售自己的产品。7月,又相继建立重庆出张所、青岛出张所进行销售活动。@#
截止2002年4月,上海盘起组建及经营投入(含公司开办、软件开发、固定资产投入等费用)为人民币743169.25元,促销活动投入(广告宣传、展览及其他促销费用)为人民币919597.32元,合计人民币1662766.57元。@#
上海盘起向原审法院提起诉讼,诉请判令大连盘起撤销未经上海盘起同意成立的销售机构,公开赔礼道歉恢复名誉;大连盘起赔偿损失人民币5000万元并承担诉讼费用。@#
原审法院审理认为:2000年7月,梁崇宣接受日本盘起法定代表人森久保有司的委托,为扩大该社及其关联企业产品在中国的销售市场,专门组建上海盘起并逐步建立相应的营销网络。同年8月,上海盘起与大连盘起签订《业务协议书》,就大连盘起委托上海盘起在中国地区(不含台湾、港澳)的销售等事宜进行确认,该协议系两个独立的企业法人间的商务委托,系双方当事人的真实意思表示,且不违反法律法规的强制性规定,应认定合法有效,对双方当事人具有约束力。协议履行期间,大连盘起因故决定撤销原委托事项,终止该《业务协议书》,并通知上海盘起,致使这种委托关系的终止发生效力。由于本案所涉《业务协议书》是一种商务委托,它的订立和履行是基于双方当事人的相互信任,一旦这种信任发生动摇,根据《中华人民共和国合同法》(以下简称合同法)的规定,双方均可以解除合同,而不适用实际履行原则。故大连盘起关于协议已依法解除不应继续履行的抗辩成立,对上海盘起要求继续履行该协议的诉讼请求不应支持。大连盘起终止协议并书面通知上海盘起后,建立相应的办事处,并非独资的销售机构,其销售本企业的产品,不违反法律禁止性规定,即使销售其他企业的产品,亦属于国家有关行政部门查处的行为,不是本案调整的范畴。上海盘起为履行双方签订的《业务协议书》设立公司、招募人员、广告宣传、开拓市场、建立相应的营销网络等投入一定的人力和物力,而大连盘起提前终止协议,给上海盘起造成一定的经济损失。大连盘起终止协议致使协议不能继续履行,不可归责于大连盘起。大连盘起应当赔偿因提前解除协议给上海盘起造成的经济损失。关于上海盘起的经济损失,经上海盘起举证该院确认为人民币1662766.57元。对该部分损失,大连盘起应予补偿。故上海盘起要求大连盘起赔偿该部分损失的诉讼请求应予支持。关于预期利益损失的赔偿问题,该院认为,上海盘起诉请的预期利益损失,由于其具有不确定性,且合同法四百一十条又赋予委托合同当事人对合同的随时解除权,故上海盘起主张合同解除后的预期利益损失缺乏法律依据,应不予支持。该院依照合同法三百九十六条、第四百一十条之规定,判决:一、大连盘起于判决生效之日起10日内赔偿上海盘起因解除合同而造成的经济损失人民币1662766.07元;二、驳回上海盘起的其他诉讼请求。一审案件受理费人民币260010元,由上海盘起承担251429.67元,大连盘起承担8580.33元。@#
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