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No.5 of Ten Model Criminal, Civil, and Administrative Cases concerning Environmental Resources Published by the Supreme People's Court: Ni Xulong v. Dandong Haiyanghong Wind Power Generation Co., Ltd. (Case concerning dispute over tort of environmental pollution)
最高法发布环境资源刑事、民事、行政十大典型案例之五:倪旭龙诉丹东海洋红风力发电有限责任公司环境污染侵权纠纷案
【法宝引证码】

No.5 of Ten Model Criminal, Civil, and Administrative Cases concerning Environmental Resources Published by the Supreme People's Court: Ni Xulong v. Dandong Haiyanghong Wind Power Generation Co., Ltd. (Case concerning dispute over tort of environmental pollution)
(Case concerning dispute over tort of environmental pollution)
最高法发布环境资源刑事、民事、行政十大典型案例之五:倪旭龙诉丹东海洋红风力发电有限责任公司环境污染侵权纠纷案
No.5 of Ten Model Criminal, Civil, and Administrative Cases concerning Environmental Resources Published by the Supreme People's Court: Ni Xulong v. Dandong Haiyanghong Wind Power Generation Co., Ltd. (Case concerning dispute over tort of environmental pollution) 最高法发布环境资源刑事、民事、行政十大典型案例之五:倪旭龙诉丹东海洋红风力发电有限责任公司环境污染侵权纠纷案
(1) Basic Facts 基本案情
In 1993, Ni Xulong established a greenhouse farm to farm Chinese softshell turtles. In March 2000, Dandong Haiyanghong Wind Power Generation Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Haiyanghong Company”) built a large-scale wind turbine generator system surrounding villages and two generators were located near Ni Xulong's farm. One generator was located 100m away in the southeast of the farm and the other generator was located 400 to 500m away in the northwest of the farm. After September 2000, there was a massive death of Chinese softshell turtles farmed by Ni Xulong. On July 25, 2001, Ni Xulong voluntarily authorized the monitoring station to demonstrate activities of Haiyanghong Company on Ni Xulong's farming of Chinese softshell turtles, with the following conclusion reached: The rotation and projection of the wind-driven generator impellers and the noise disturbance changed the quiet living environment Chinese softshell turtles required in the greenhouse farm and such disturbance happened during the period of reproduction, development, and growth of Chinese softshell turtles, which resulted in a series of adverse consequences. Ni Xulong also authorized the monitoring station to evaluate the losses caused thereby and a conclusion that the losses amounted to CNY1,637,966 was reached. 倪旭龙于1993年建温室养殖场养殖中华鳖。2000 年3月, 海洋红公司在倪旭龙养殖场周边村落建成大规模风力发电机组,其中两组发电机位于养殖场附近。一组位于养殖场东南约100米处,另一组位于养殖场西北400-500米处。2000年9月份后倪旭龙养殖的中华鳖大量死亡。2001年7月25日,倪旭龙自行委托监测站针对海洋红公司对倪旭龙中华鳖生产影响进行了论证,结论为:风力发电机叶轮转动投影及噪声扰乱改变了温室大棚中中华鳖所需的安静生活环境,而且这种惊扰正值中华鳖繁殖、发育和生长期间,导致了一系列不良后果。倪旭龙针对所致损失,又委托评估鉴定,结论为损失总计1637966元。
The Intermediate People's Court of Dandong City, Liaoning Province authorized the Fishery Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center to make a field investigation and identification on the “impacts of Haiyanghong Company on the growth of Chinese softshell turtles farmed indoors.” The Fishery Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center issued an identification report with the conclusion that: The noise, electromagnetic radiation, and rotated projection on the investigation site did not affect the living and growth of Chinese softshell turtles. The Resources and Environmental Protection Division of the Fisheries Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture issued evidentiary materials and held that: The “investigation and identification on impacts of such factors as noise, electromagnetic radiation, and rotated projection of windmills on the survival and living of Chinese softshell turtles” made by the Fishery Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center exceeded the business scope of the Fishery Pollution Accident Investigation and Identification Qualification Certificate issued by the Fisheries Bureau. With respect to the inquiry of the court of first instance on the relevant issues, the Fisheries Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture made the following reply: “The Fishery Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center holds the Fishery Pollution Accident Investigation and Identification Qualification Certificate (Class A) issued by the Fisheries Bureau and it has the qualification of investigating a fishery pollution accident.” Ni Xulong claimed that Haiyanghong Company should compensate him CNY1,637,966 for losses to the Chinese softshell turtles he farmed. 辽宁省丹东市中级人民法院委托渔业生态监测中心针对“丹东海洋红风力发电厂对室内养殖中华鳖生长影响”进行现场试验鉴定, 渔业生态监测中心出具鉴定报告,结论为:试验现场的噪声、电磁辐射以及转动的阴影,不会对中华鳖的存活和生长造成影响。农业部渔业局资源环保处出具证明材料认为: 渔业生态监测中心“关于风车的噪声、电磁辐射、转动阴影等因素对中华鳖的存活和生活影响的试验鉴定”已超出该局核发的《渔业污染事故调查鉴定资格证书》的业务范围。农业部渔业局针对一审法院就相关问题的咨询函答复: “渔业生态监测中心持有我局颁发的《渔业污染事故调查鉴定资格证书》(甲级),具有渔业污染事故调查资格”。倪旭龙诉请海洋红公司赔偿其养殖的中华鳖损失1637966元。
(2) Adjudication 裁判结果
In the trial of first instance, the People's Court of Donggang City, Liaoning Province held that: In an action concerning compensation for damage caused by environmental pollution, the tortfeasor should bear the burden of proof for exemptions as prescribed by law and non-causation between its act and the damage. The identification report issued by the Fishery Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center concluded that “the noise, electromagnetic radiation, and rotated projection on the investigation site did not affect the survival and growth of Chinese softshell turtles.” Although Ni Xulong raised an objection, since the Fisheries Bureau of the Ministry of Agriculture has replied and affirmed that the Fishery Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center had the qualification of investigating fishery pollution accidents, the People's Court of Donggang City adopted the content of the identification report and rendered a judgment to reject Ni Xulong's claims. The court of second instance affirmed the judgment of first instance.
......
 辽宁省东港市人民法院一审认为, 因环境污染引起的损害赔偿诉讼,由加害人就法律规定的免责事由及行为与损害结果之间不存在因果关系承担举证责任。渔业生态监测中心作出的鉴定报告结论为:“试验现场的噪声、电磁辐射以及转动的阴影,不会对中华鳖的存活和生长造成影响。”倪旭龙虽对此提出异议,但农业部渔业局已复函证实渔业生态监测中心具有渔业污染事故调查资格,故对该鉴定报告内容予以采信,判决驳回倪旭龙的诉讼请求。二审法院维持一审判决。
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