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Jiao Zhigang v. Heping Branch of Tianjin Public Security Bureau (Administrative Dispute over Administrative Penalty Decision of Public Security)
焦志刚诉和平公安分局治安管理处罚决定行政纠纷案
【法宝引证码】

Jiao Zhigang v. Heping Branch of Tianjin Public Security Bureau (Administrative Dispute over Administrative Penalty Decision of Public Security)
(Administrative Dispute over Administrative Penalty Decision of Public Security)
焦志刚诉和平公安分局治安管理处罚决定行政纠纷案

Jiao Zhigang v. Heping Branch of Tianjin Public Security Bureau
(Administrative Dispute over Administrative Penalty Decision of Public Security)@#
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BASIC FACTS@#
Plaintiff: Jiao Zhigang, male, 38, employee of New Tribe Refectory of Nankai University, dwelling at Xiangjiang Road, Hexi District, Tianjin.@#
Defendant: Heping Branch of Tianjin Public Security Bureau (PSB), address: Shanxi Road, Heping District, Tianjin.@#
Person-in-charge: Mu Jianguo, chief of the Branch.@#
Jiao Zhigang (the plaintiff, called Jiao hereafter) was dissatisfied with No. 870 (2004) administrative penalty decision (hereinafter referred to as the No. 870 penalty decision) made by Heping Branch of Tianjin PSB (hereinafter referred to as Heping PSB), and brought an administrative lawsuit with the People's Court of Heping District, Tianjin Municipality (hereinafter referred to as Heping District Court).@#
Jiao alleged: He wrongfully tipped off an on-duty traffic policeman by saying the policeman, who distrained his vehicle, was drunk when enforcing the law. Later, he was imposed upon an administrative penalty of 200 Yuan of public security fine by Heping PSB. However, after the administrative penalty decision became effective, Heping PSB said it would investigate the matter anew, and make the adjudication anew. Heping PSB's second adjudication was to give Jiao an administrative penalty of public security detention for 10 days. Jiao was dissatisfied and applied for reconsideration, and Tianjin PSB revoked the penalty decision on the ground that the facts were unclear, and required Heping PSB to make a third adjudication. However, Heping PSB made a third adjudication by No. 870 penalty decision on the basis of the same facts, and changed the public security detention of Jiao for 10 days into that for 15 days. Heping PSB completely ignored the provision of the “Administrative Penalty Law of the People's Republic of China” (hereinafter referred to as the Administrative Penalty Law), i.e., “Administrative organs shall not aggregate the penalty on the parties merely on the ground that the parties have tried to defend themselves”, and it is the abuse of power and illegal exercise of administrative duties to aggregate the penalty on Jiao due to his dissatisfaction with the penalty decision and his defense. Jiao requested the court to adjudicate to revoke Heping PSB's No. 870 penalty decision.@#
Heping PSB argued: It did impose an administrative penalty of 200 Yuan of public security fine upon Jiao, but the Public Security Traffic Administrative Division of Tianjin PSB reported to the Disciplinary Inspection Team of Tianjin PSB that penalty of public security was too light, and then the Disciplinary Inspection Team of Tianjin PSB required Heping PSB according to the Supervision Regulation of the Ministry of Public Security to make the adjudication anew, so Heping PSB revoked the original administrative penalty decision on 200 Yuan of public security fine, and made the No. 870 penalty decision according to the law. In the penalty decision, the facts were clear, the evidence was conclusive, the application of laws was correct, and the procedures were lawful, so the court should sustain the decision.@#
......

 

焦志刚诉和平公安分局治安管理处罚决定行政纠纷案@#
【裁判摘要】@#
一、依法作出的行政处罚决定一旦生效,其法律效力不仅及于行政相对人,也及于行政机关,不能随意被撤销。已经生效的行政处罚决定如果随意被撤销,不利于社会秩序的恢复和稳定。@#
二、错误的治安管理行政处罚决定只能依照法定程序纠正。《公安机关内部执法监督工作规定》是公安部为保障公安机关及其人民警察依法正确履行职责,防止和纠正违法和不当的执法行为,保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益而制定的内部规章,不能成为制作治安管理行政处罚决定的法律依据。@#
三、在行政处罚程序中始终贯彻允许当事人陈述和申辩的原则,只能有利于事实的查明和法律的正确适用,不会混淆是非,更不会因此而使违法行为人逃脱应有的惩罚。@#
@#
原告:焦志刚,男,38岁,南开大学新部落餐厅员工,住天津市河西区湘江道。@#
被告:天津市公安局和平分局,住所地:天津市和平区山西路。@#
负责人:穆建国,该分局局长。@#
原告焦志刚因不服天津市公安局和平分局(以下简称和平公安分局)作出的公 (和)决字(2004)第870号行政处罚决定书 (以下简称870号处罚决定书),向天津市和平区人民法院提起行政诉讼。@#
原告焦志刚诉称:因原告错误举报查扣车辆的执勤交通民警酒后执法,被告和平公安分局已经给予原告治安罚款200元的行政处罚。该行政处罚决定生效后,被告又说要重新查处,重新裁决。被告的重新裁决是给予原告治安拘留10日的行政处罚,原告不服申请复议,天津市公安局也以事实不清为由撤销了该处罚决定,要求被告再重裁。然而被告在相同的事实基础上,以 870号处罚决定书再次裁决,竟然把对原告治安拘留10日改成了治安拘留15日。被告完全不顾《中华人民共和国行政处罚法》(以下简称行政处罚法)上关于“行政机关不得因当事人申辩而加重处罚”的规定,对不服处罚决定而申辩的原告加重处罚,是滥用职权违法行政。请求判决撤销被告作出的870号处罚决定书。@#
被告辩称:被告虽然对原告作出过治安罚款200元的行政处罚,但因为天津市公安局公安交通管理局向天津市公安局纪检组反映该治安处罚过轻,市公安局纪检组根据公安部监督条例的相关规定要求被告重新裁决,故被告在撤销了原治安罚款 200元的行政处罚决定后,依法作出870号处罚决定书。该处罚决定事实清楚、证据确凿、适用法律正确、程序合法,法院应当维持。@#
天津市和平区人民法院经审理查明:@#
2004年3月30日23时许,原告焦志刚驾驶一辆报废的夏利牌汽车途经天津市卫津路与鞍山道交叉路口时,被正在这里执行查车任务的交通民警王心魁、方成瑞、王学静等人查获。交通民警决定暂扣焦志刚驾驶的汽车,但焦志刚拒绝交出汽车钥匙,交通民警遂调来拖车将暂扣汽车拖走。汽车被拖走后,焦志刚向交通民警索要被滞留的驾驶证,未果,便拨打110报警,称交通民警王心魁酒后执法。接报警后,天津市公安局督察处立即赶到现场询问了情况,并带王心魁、焦志刚一起到天津市公安局刑事科学技术鉴定部门,当场委托该部门化验王心魁的尿液。经化验鉴定,结论为:在王心魁的尿液中未检查出酒精成份。据此,天津市公安局督察处向交通民警王心魁本人及其所在单位发出《公安警务督察正名通知书》,确认焦志刚举报交通民警王心魁酒后执法一事不实,并按管辖分工,将不实举报人焦志刚移交给被告和平公安分局处理。和平公安分局认为,焦志刚的不实举报阻碍了国家工作人员依法执行职务,属于《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚条例》(以下简称治安管理处罚条例)第十九条第(七)项规定的扰乱公共秩序行为,遂根据该条规定,于同年3月31日作出公 (和)决字(2004)第056号行政处罚决定书 (以下简称056号处罚决定书),决定给予焦志刚治安罚款200元的行政处罚。在 056号处罚决定书已经发生法律效力后,同年7月4日,和平公安分局告知焦志刚,由于天津市公安局公安交通管理局反映处罚过轻,所以要撤销056号处罚决定书,重新查处,重新裁决。同年7月13日,和平公安分局作出公(和)决字(2004)第047号行政处罚决定书(以下简称047号处罚决定书),决定给予焦志刚治安拘留10日的行政处罚。焦志刚不服申请复议,天津市公安局以事实不清为由撤销了047号处罚决定书,要求和平公安分局重新作出具体行政行为。同年11月19日,和平公安分局作出 870号处罚决定书,决定给予焦志刚治安拘留15日的行政处罚。焦志刚再次申请复议,天津市公安局维持了870号处罚决定书,焦志刚为此提起行政诉讼。@#
认定上述事实的证据有:@#
(1)2004年3月31日对焦志刚的讯问笔录两份;@#
(2)2004年7月4日对焦志刚的讯问笔录一份;@#
(3)2004年3月31日对王心魁的询问笔录两份;@#
(4)2004年3月31日对方成瑞的询问笔录一份;@#
(5)2004年3月31日对王学静的询问笔录一份;@#
(6)方成瑞、王学静、刘胜宇、张宽、欧阳东军出具的《情况说明》;@#
(7)天津市公安局刑事科学技术鉴定书;@#
(8)报废车辆证明;@#
(9)公安警务督察正名通知书两份;@#
(10)传唤证三份;@#
(11)天津市公安局公安行政处罚告知笔录;@#
(12)056号、047号、870号处罚决定书;@#
(13)治安管理处罚条例十九条第 (七)项、第三十三条、第三十四条;@#
(14)行政处罚法三十一条。@#
@#
天津市和平区人民法院认为:@#
治安管理处罚条例三十三条第一款规定:“对违反治安管理行为的处罚,由县、市公安局、公安分局或者相当于县一级的公安机关裁决。”被告和平公安分局是有权作出行政处罚决定的公安机关,行政主体适格。原告焦志刚在交通民警王心魁执行公务时,不仅不配合,反而拨打110无中生有地举报王心魁酒后执法。和平公安分局据此认定焦志刚阻碍王心魁执行职务,根据治安管理处罚条例十九条第(七)项规定,决定给予焦志刚罚款200元的行政处罚,事实清楚、证据确凿,处罚在法律规定的幅度内,且执法程序合法。天津市公安局公安交通管理局认为和平公安分局对焦志刚所作的处罚过轻,应当在复议期限内依法定程序解决。非经复议机关复议和人民法院审判,任何机关和个人都不得改变已经发生法律效力的处罚决定。和平公安分局在056号处罚决定书已经生效的情况下,仅因天津市公安局公安交通管理局认为处罚过轻,即随意地自行变更处罚决定,程序明显违法。特别是焦志刚对和平公安分局的第二次处罚决定不服申请复议后,不但未能得到应有的行政救助,反而受到加重处罚。和平公安分局的做法明显与行政处罚法三十二条第二款“行政机关不得因当事人申辩而加重处罚”的规定不符。@#
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