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Case of Retrial: American President Liners, Co., Ltd. v. Feida Electric Appliance Factory, Feili Company, and Great Wall Company over Dispute of Releasing Goods without Original Bills of Lading (Case of Retrial)
美国总统轮船公司与菲达电器厂、菲利公司、长城公司无单放货纠纷再审案
【法宝引证码】
  • Type of Dispute: Civil-->Maritime -->Maritime
  • Legal document: Judgment
  • Judgment date: 06-25-2002
  • Procedural status: Retrial

Case of Retrial: American President Liners, Co., Ltd. v. Feida Electric Appliance Factory, Feili Company, and Great Wall Company over Dispute of Releasing Goods without Original Bills of Lading (Case of Retrial)
(Case of Retrial)
美国总统轮船公司与菲达电器厂、菲利公司、长城公司无单放货纠纷再审案

Case of Retrial: American President Liners, Co., Ltd. v. Feida Electric Appliance Factory, Feili Company, and Great Wall Company over Dispute of Releasing Goods without Original Bills of Lading@#
BASIC FACTS@#
Applicant for Retrial (appellant of the original trial, and defendant of the trial of first instance): American President Liners, Co., Ltd.. Domicile: Kowloon Shangri-La of the Special Administrative Region of Hong Kong.@#
Legal Representative: David L. Atarling.Agent ad litem: Jin Qingjun,@#

Zhang Hengshun, attorneys from Xinda Law Firm of Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province.@#
Appellee of the original trial (plaintiff of the trial of first instance): Guangzhou Feida Electric Appliance Factory of Wanbao Group Co., Ltd.

@#

Domicile: Jiangyan Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province.@#
Legal representative: Deng Shaoyi, factory director.@#
Appellee of the original trial (third party of the trial of first instance): China Great Wall Industrial Guangzhou Co., Ltd.@#
Domicile: Guangyuanxi Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province.@#
Legal Representative: Gong Lixin, general manager of the company.@#
Appellee of the original trial (third party of the trial of first instance): Feili (Guangzhou) Industrial Co., Ltd. (deregistered)@#
The appellant of the original trial, American President Liners, Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as APLL) applies for retrial with the Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China against the civil judgment made by the Higher People's Court of Guangdong Province for the case of dispute over releasing goods without original bills of lading between itself and the appellees of the original trial, Guangzhou Feida Electric Appliance Factory of Wanbao Group Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Feida Factory), Feili (Guangzhou) Industrial Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as Feili Company), and China Great Wall Industrial Guangzhou Company (hereinafter referred to as Great Wall Company). The Supreme People's Court ruled to review the case and to suspend execution of the original judgment during the retrial. During the retrial, Feili Company was deregistered by the Administration for Industry and Commerce of Guangzhou City on December 30, 1997, due to failing to go through annual examination, long-period close of business, and missing of the legal representative, etc., and no company has showed the intent to assume the creditor's rights and debts of Feili Company. On these grounds, the Supreme People's Court cancelled the status of Feili Company as a party of this case according to law.@#
The original judgment ascertained that: on July 29, 1993, the appellee, Feida Factory, concluded an agreement by fax with the GB Lightening Supplier of Singapore (hereinafter referred to as GB Supplier), and the agreement provided that: Feida Factory shall export a set of light appliances to GB Supplier; Feida Factory shall issue the bill of lading by fax after sending out the goods; GB Supplier must remit out all the payment for goods within 3 days; Feida Factory shall deliver the original bill of lading to GB Supplier after receiving duplicate of the remittance notification; and any act of illegally taking delivery of goods shall be deemed as swindle.@#
......

 

美国总统轮船公司与菲达电器厂、菲利公司、长城公司无单放货纠纷再审案@#
@#
再审申请人(原审上诉人、一审被告):美国总统轮船公司。住所地:香港特别行政区九龙尖沙咀。@#
法定代表人:DavidL.Atarling@#
诉讼代理人:靳庆军、张恒顺,广东省深圳市信达律师事务所律师。@#
原审被上诉人(一审原告):万宝集团广州菲达电器厂。@#
住所地:广东省广州市江燕路。@#
法定代表人:邓少怡,该厂厂长。@#
原审被上诉人(一审第三人):中国长城工业广州公司。

@#

住所地:广东省广州市广园西路。@#
法定代表人:功力行,该公司总经理。@#
原审被上诉人(一审第三人):菲利(广州)工业有限公司(已被注销)。@#
原审上诉人美国总统轮船公司(以下简称美轮公司)不服广东省高级人民法院就其与原审被上诉人万宝集团广州菲达电器厂(以下简称菲达厂)、菲利(广州)工业有限公司(以下简称菲利公司)、中国长城工业广州公司(以下简称长城公司)无单放货纠纷一案作出的二审民事判决,向中华人民共和国最高人民法院申请再审。最高人民法院裁定:提审此案,再审期间中止原审判决的执行。提审期间,菲利公司因未进行年检、长期歇业以及公司和法定代表人下落不明等原因,已经于1997年12月30日被广州市工商行政管理局注销,没有任何公司表示承受菲利公司的债权债务。据此,最高人民法院依法撤销菲利公司在本案中的当事人地位。@#
原审判决认定:1993年7月29日,被上诉人菲达厂与新加坡艺明灯饰公司(GBLIGHTINGSUPPLIER以下简称艺明公司)以传真的方式签订了一份协议书,约定:菲达厂向艺明公司出口一批灯饰;菲达厂发货后,以传真的形式将提单发出;艺明公司须在三天内将货款全数汇出;菲达厂收到汇款通知副本后,再将正本提单交付给艺明公司;若有违法提货的行为,以诈骗论。@#
协议签订后,被上诉人菲达厂于1993年8月14日委托被上诉人长城公司办理910箱照明灯具和变压器的出口手续,8月21日委托广州外资企业物资进出口公司办理783箱照明灯具的出口手续。广州外资企业物资进出口公司接受委托后,交由其下属即被上诉人菲利公司负责办理。长城公司、菲利公司分别在黄埔港以托运人名义,把装有菲达厂货物的两只集装箱装上上诉人美轮公司所属的“EAGLEWAVEV.002”轮和“EAGLECOMETV.112”轮,委托该公司承运。美轮公司为此给长城公司、菲利公司分别签发了编号为APLU023158043、APLU023157949的一式三份记名提单。两票提单均记载:承运人为美轮公司,收货人为艺明公司,装货港为黄埔,卸货港为新加坡,运费预付。黄埔海关提供的《出口货物报关单》证实,两票提单项下货物的贸易术语是FOB,货物价值分别为58994.148美元、39669美元。@#
上述货物运抵新加坡后,买方艺明公司未依协议给被上诉人菲达厂付款,却在未取得正本提单的情况下,先后于1993年9月16日、9月17日致函上诉人美轮公司,要求美轮公司将两票货物交给其指定的陆路承运人YUNGXIE运输(私人)有限公司承运,车号13445880000C,并保证承担由此可能产生的任何后果。新加坡港务当局证实,这两票货物已分别于1993年9月16日、17日交付放行。@#
上述两票货物提单背面的首要条款均规定:“货物的收受、保管、运输和交付受本提单所证明的运输协议的条款调整,包括......(3)美国1936年《海上货物运输法》的条款或经1924年布鲁塞尔公约修改的1921年海牙规则生效的国家内一个具有裁判权的法院裁决因运输合同而产生争端的规定。”持有上述两票货物全套正本提单的被上诉人菲达厂以上诉人美轮公司无单放货为由,向广州海事法院提起诉讼,被上诉人长城公司、菲利公司同时申请以第三人身份参加该诉讼,并表示支持菲达厂的诉讼请求。广州海事法院依法受理此案后,裁定准予长城公司和菲利公司作为第三人参加诉讼。美轮公司没有提出管辖异议并应诉。@#
@#
广州海事法院审理后,根据《中华人民共和国海商法》(以下简称海商法)第七十一条、《中华人民共和国民法通则》(以下简称民法通则)第一百零六条、第一百一十七条的规定及国际惯例判决:美轮公司赔偿菲达厂货物损失98666.148美元及利息。利息从1993年9月17日起至判决生效之日止,按中国人民银行企业流动资金同期美元贷款利率计算。@#
美轮公司不服广州海事法院的一审判决,向广东省高级人民法院提出上诉。理由是:按照双方在运输合同中的约定,本案应适用美国法律或者新加坡法律。凭正本提单放货,在国际惯例中是针对作为物权凭证的可转让提单而言的。中国法律明确要求,承运人只能将记名提单项下的货物交给提单中载明的收货人。这是承运人签发记名提单的保证,而不论正本提单如何。另外,被上诉人不通知美轮公司暂停向记名提单所记载的收货人交货,放任损失的发生,后果应当自负。判决让美轮公司赔偿菲达厂损失98666.148美元及利息,没有依据。一审判决适用法律错误,应当纠正。@#
广东省高级人民法院终审认为:@#
本案为涉外经济纠纷。被上诉人菲达厂以美轮公司无单放货,侵害其所有权为由提起侵权之诉,双方之间的权利义务关系应受侵权法律规范的调整,而不受双方原有的运输合同约束。民法通则一百四十六条规定:“侵权行为的损害赔偿,适用侵权行为地法律。”最高人民法院在《关于贯彻执行〈中华人民共和国民法通则〉若干问题的意见》第一百八十七条规定:“侵权行为地的法律包括侵权行为实施地法律和侵权结果发生地法律。如果两者不一致时,人民法院可以选择适用。”本案的货物交付地在新加坡,侵权行为实施地即为新加坡;现菲达厂持有正本提单,无单放货行为侵害了其对货物的所有权,故侵权结果发生地为我国。由于侵权行为实施地和侵权结果发生地不一致,人民法院可以选择适用的法律。由于本案侵权结果发生地是我国,原告的住所地、提单的签发地等也均在我国境内,本案与我国的法律有更密切的联系。况且菲达厂向广州海事法院起诉后,上诉人美轮公司没有提出管辖异议并已应诉。因此由广州海事法院对本案行使管辖权并选择适用我国法律,并无不当。美轮公司上诉称,对本案应适用美国法律或者新加坡法律处理,缺乏理由和依据,不予采纳。@#
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