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People v. He Peng et al. (case of duty encroachment adjudicated by Zhejiang Ningbo Beilun Court)
(case of duty encroachment adjudicated by Zhejiang Ningbo Beilun Court)
浙江宁波北仑法院判决何朋等职务侵占案
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[Key Terms]
self-rescue ; private rescue ; constitutive elements
[核心术语]
自救行为;私立救济;构成要件
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[Disputed Issues]
Where a criminal committing the crime of duty encroachment is discovered encroaching upon the property of an entity and the entity seizes the criminal's property and uses the property to offset its losses, does it constitute a self-rescue?
[争议焦点]
职务侵占罪的犯罪分子在侵占单位财产的过程被发现，单位将属于犯罪分子的财产扣押并使用以冲抵损失的，该行为是否构成自救行为？
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[Case Summary]
Self-rescue also called private rescue means that the actor takes various actions to resist the opposite party so as to protect his own lawful rights and interests. The conditions for the establishment of self-rescue are as follows: First there exists unlawful infringement objectively; Second the party concerned subjectively aims to protect his lawful rights and interests; Third...
[案例要旨]
自救行为又称私力救济是指行为人为保护自身合法权益通过自己采取各种行为对抗对方的行为。自救行为成立的条件有：一是客观上必须存在不法侵害。二是主观上是为了维护自身的合法权利。三是行为人在实施救济行为当时...
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Full-text omitted. | | 浙江宁波北仑法院判决何朋等职务侵占案 |
| | ——刑事被害人自救行为的正当化 |
| | 裁判要旨 |
| | 刑事被害人自救行为是超法规的排除社会危害性的正当行为，在司法中的适用应具备严格条件，避免其负面效应。 |
| | 案情 |
| | 2011年9月至12月间，被告人何朋从海兴公司购买柴油转卖给被害单位万华公司。何朋使用一辆私自加装水槽的槽罐车运送油品，该车在海兴公司装好油后，在暗藏的水槽中加水，进入万华公司过磅。何朋再以万华公司的地磅不准为由，与该公司仓库保管员被告人李志武相勾结，由李志武负责陪同监督运油车到外面复称。实际何朋并未复称，而是将水槽中的水放掉，回到万华公司后直接入库，再将空车过磅，前后过磅数量相减，由李志武签字确认何朋的送油数量。通过此种方式，何朋伙同李志武非法获取万华公司柴油款24900元。同年12月22日，何朋伙同李志武再次通过上述方式侵占万华公司财物时，被工作人员发现，并将何朋、李志武当场抓获。当日，万华公司将何朋驾驶的运油车内的3.92吨柴油（价值32536元）自行卸下并使用，货款未支付。 |
| | 裁判 |
| | 浙江省宁波市北仑区人民法院经审理认为，被告人何朋、李志武利用李志武的职务便利，将其单位财物非法占为己有，数额较大，其行为均已构成职务侵占罪，且系共同犯罪。两被告人在最后一次实施犯罪时，由于意志以外的原因而未得逞，系犯罪未遂，且两被告人到案后能够坦白其罪行，依法均从轻处罚。由于万华公司已自行将所有权为被告人何朋的柴油充抵损失，何朋亦同意充抵，涉案赃款实际上已得到退赔，对两被告人酌情应从轻处罚。法院判决：被告人何朋犯职务侵占罪，判处有期徒刑一年零四个月；被告人李志武犯职务侵占罪，判处有期徒刑一年零两个月。现判决已生效。 |
| | 评析 |
| | 本案的争议焦点是：万华公司自行将所有权为被告人何朋的柴油充抵损失是否是刑法上的自救行为？是否合法？ |
| | ．．．．．． |
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