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No. 1 of the Supreme People's Court's 50 Model Cases on Judicial Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Chinese Courts in 2012: "Clay Figure Zhang" Unfair Competition Dispute Case (retrial of unfair competition dispute)
最高人民法院公布2012年中国法院知识产权司法保护10大案件之七:“泥人张”不正当竞争纠纷案
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No. 1 of the Supreme People’s Court’s 50 Model Cases on Judicial Protection of Intellectual Property Rights in Chinese Courts in 2012: "Clay Figure Zhang" Unfair Competition Dispute Case (retrial of unfair competition dispute)
(retrial of unfair competition dispute)
最高人民法院公布2012年中国法院知识产权司法保护10大案件之七:“泥人张”不正当竞争纠纷案
[Key Terms]
exclusive right to name ; unfair competition ; commercial mark ; level of recognition
[核心术语]
名称专有权;不正当竞争;商业标识;知名度
[Disputed Issues]
In circumstances where a person is clearly aware of the level of recognition regarding a rights holder’s name and uses the name as a commercial mark, where the person is thereafter unable to provide sufficient evidence to prove a reasonable or legal basis for such use, has unfair competition been committed?
[争议焦点]
1.行为人在明知权利人名称知名度的情况下,将其作为商业标识使用,又不能提供充分证据证明其使用的合法合理依据,则其是否构成不正当竞争?
[Case Summary]
"Unfair competition" means acts of business operators that violate the provisions of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law damage the legitimate rights and interests of other business operators and disturb the social economic order. Under Article 5 of the Anti-Unfair Competition Law business operators are not to use the following unfair methods to engage in market transactions damaging to competitors: 1) counterfeit the registered trademark of others; 2) use without authorization the distinctive names packaging or decoration of well-known products or use similar names packaging...
[案例要旨]
不正当竞争是指经营者违反反不正当竞争法的规定损害其他经营者的合法权益扰乱社会经济秩序的行为。 根据《反不正当竞争法》第五条规定:“经营者不得采用下列不正当手段从事市场交易损害竞争对手:(一)假冒他人的注册商标;(二)擅自使用知名商品特有的名称、包装、装潢或者使用与知名商品近似的名称、包装、装潢...

[Full Text]@#
Omitted

 

[正文]@#

张锠、张宏岳、北京泥人张艺术开发有限责任公司与张铁成、北京泥人张博古陶艺厂、北京泥人张艺术品有限公司不正当竞争纠纷再审案(最高人民法院[2010]民提字第113号民事判决书)

@#
【案情摘要】清朝张明山在世时因精于捏塑被群众称为“泥人张”,其后代继承和发展了家族的泥塑艺术,如第二代“泥人张”传人之一张玉亭分别于1914年和1915年在国际上获奖,第三代“泥人张”传人之一张景祜于1956年在中央工艺美术学院设张景祜泥塑工作室。张锠为张景祜之子,系“泥人张”第四代传人之一。张宏岳为张锠之子,系“泥人张”第五代传人之一。张明山的后代在经营活动中长期使用“泥人张”作为商业标识。2006年6月,“泥塑(天津泥人张)”入选第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录。北京泥人张艺术开发有限责任公司成立于1997年8月,法定代表人为张宏岳。北京泥人张博古陶艺厂和北京泥人张艺术品有限公司分别于1982年11月和1994年7月成立,法定代表人均为张铁成,在经营中均使用了“泥人张”。2005年10月8日登陆北京泥人张艺术品有限公司网站(www.nirenzhang.com),“公司简介”中有“‘北京泥人张’始于清末道光年间,至今已有近160年的历史”和“张铁成系‘北京泥人张’的第四代传人”等内容。1979年7月13日的《北京日报》载有关于“北京泥人张”的最早报道。三原告向北京市第二中级人民法院提起诉讼,请求判令三被告停止侵权、赔礼道歉并赔偿经济损失110万元等。一审法院认为,三被告的行为构成侵犯“泥人张”名称专有权和不正当竞争,因三原告过于懈怠行使自己的权利,故判决三被告停止侵权、赔偿合理费用一万元等。张铁成等不服提起上诉,北京市高级人民法院二审认为,张铁成使用“北京泥人张”有其合理依据,故判决三被告赔偿合理费用一万元、在“nirenzhang”域名前附加区别性标识,撤销了一审关于停止使用“泥人张”专有名称的判项。最高人民法院再审认为,“泥人张”作为对张明山及其后几代人中泥塑艺人的特定称谓和他们所传承的特定技艺以及创作、生产作品的特定名称,社会知名度很高,承载着极大的商业价值;三被告在明知“泥人张”知名度的情况下,将其作为商业标识使用,又不能提供充分证据证明其使用的合法合理依据,客观上足以造成公众的混淆、误认,其行为构成不正当竞争,故判决撤销二审判决,维持一审判决。@#
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