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Guiding Opinions of the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and Other Departments on Vigorously Developing the Real Economy and Actively Stabilizing and Promoting Employment
[Effective]
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国家发展改革委、教育部、科技部等关于大力发展实体经济积极稳定和促进就业的指导意见
[现行有效]
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| Guiding Opinions of the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the Ministry of Natural Resources, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, the Ministry of Commerce, the People's Bank of China, the State Administration of Market Regulation, the National Bureau of Statistics, and the All-China Federation of Trade Union on Vigorously Developing the Real Economy and Actively Stabilizing and Promoting Employment | | 国家发展改革委、教育部、科技部、工业和信息化部、公安部、民政部、财政部、人力资源社会保障部、自然资源部、住房城乡建设部、交通运输部、农业农村部、商务部、人民银行、市场监管总局、国家统计局、全国总工会关于大力发展实体经济积极稳定和促进就业的指导意见 |
| (No. 1008 [2018] of the National Development and Reform Commission) | | （发改就业〔2018〕1008号） |
| The development and reform commissions, educational departments (commissions), science and technology departments (commissions), industry and information technology (small and medium-sized enterprise) departments, public security departments (bureaus), civil affairs departments (bureaus), financial departments (bureaus), human resources and social security departments (bureaus), natural resources departments, urban and rural construction departments (commissions), transport departments (commissions), agricultural (agriculture and animal husbandry, or rural economy) departments (bureaus or commissions), commercial departments, administrations of industry and commerce (administrative department of market regulation), and statistics bureaus of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government; All-China Federation of Trade Union; the Shanghai Headquarters, branches, operations offices, and central sub-branches in capital cities (of provinces and autonomous regions) of the People's Bank of China; and all general survey teams of the National Bureau of Statistics: | | 各省、自治区、直辖市发展改革委、教育厅（委）、科技厅（委）、工业和信息化（中小企业）主管部门、公安厅（局）、民政厅（局）、财政厅（局）、人力资源社会保障厅（局）、自然资源主管部门、住房城乡建设厅（委）、交通运输厅（委）、农业（农牧、农村经济）厅（局、委）、商务主管部门、工商行政管理局（市场监督管理部门）、统计局、总工会，中国人民银行上海总部、各分行、营业管理部、省会（首府）城市中心支行，国家统计局各调查总队： |
| Employment is a basic livelihood issue and a fundamental support for economic development. Over recent years, all regions and all authorities have profoundly implemented the employment first strategy and proactive employment policy and constantly strengthened and improved macro-regulation with employment as the bottom line, enabling the employment situation to remain generally stable and on the upswing. It should also be seen that due to the transformation and upgrading of industry structure and various uncertain and unstable factors at home and abroad, structural employment conflicts exist and will remain in existence. For that reason, Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in a New Era and the spirit of the 19th CPC National Congress shall be thoroughly implemented, and the arrangements made at the Central Economic Work Conference and in the Government Work Report shall be followed to accelerate the establishment of an industry system for coordinated development of the real economy and human resources, vigorously develop the real economy, focus on stability and promotion of employment, and better guarantee and improve livelihood. The following opinions are hereby offered on the relevant work. | | 就业是最大的民生，也是经济发展最基本的支撑。近年来，各地区、各部门深入实施就业优先战略和积极就业政策，不断加强和改善以就业为底线的宏观调控，就业形势总体平稳、稳中向好。但同时也要看到，当前和今后一段时期，受产业结构转型升级以及国际国内各种不确定不稳定因素的影响，结构性就业矛盾依然存在。为此，要深入贯彻落实习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神，按照中央经济工作会议和《政府工作报告》部署，加快建设实体经济与人力资源协同发展的产业体系，大力发展实体经济，着力稳定和促进就业，更好保障和改善民生。现就有关工作提出如下意见。 |
| I. Developing and gathering new momentum and creating more quality jobs | | 一、发展壮大新动能，创造更多高质量就业岗位 |
| The advancement of the development of new momentum and the labor supply side reform shall be coordinated. With a focus on improving the quality of the supply system, building a modern economic system, and other major tasks, the structure of the disciplines and departments of institutions of higher learning shall be adjusted and optimized, the integration of industries with education and the cooperation between schools and enterprises shall be further deepened, and over the course of gathering and consolidating the new momentum, more quality jobs suitable for graduates from institutions of higher learning and highly skilled talents shall be created. Special training for enhancement of digital skills shall be implemented, digital economy-related occupations shall be included in the scope of subsidies for employment skill training and high-skilled talent training, more investment shall be made in building the information technology educational infrastructure and digital talent education resources, and a number of digital talent training demonstration institutions shall be established. The formulation of service standards and specifications shall be accelerated, and the building of social credit systems for housekeeping service and elderly care service practitioners and related enterprises shall be comprehensively strengthened. "Internet plus" housekeeping services and elderly care services shall be vigorously developed, and a number of leading enterprises shall be fostered, so as to create more quality housekeeping and elderly care jobs. More vocational colleges (including technical colleges and schools) shall be encouraged to open majors related to housekeeping services and elderly care services, so as to train more housekeeping service and elderly care service talents. The employment relationship of housekeeping service and elderly care service employees shall be regulated, the participation in social insurance according to the law shall be advanced, the lawful rights and interests of employees shall be practically protected, and more jobs in life service industries shall be developed. Policy direction and classification guidance shall be heightened, regulatory methods shall be innovated, industry self-regulation shall be strengthened, new business types and modes, such as platform economy, crowdsourcing economy, and sharing economy shall be vigorously developed, and the labor interests of employees shall be guaranteed, so as to fully release new momentum and produce employment effects. | | 统筹推进发展新动能和劳动力供给侧改革工作。围绕提高供给体系质量、建设现代化经济体系等重大任务，调整优化高校学科专业结构，进一步深化产教融合、校企合作，在做大做强新动能中，创造更多适合高校毕业生和高技能人才的高质量就业岗位。实施数字技能提升专项培训，将数字经济相关职业纳入就业技能培训和高技能人才培训补贴范围，加大教育信息化基础设施和数字人才教育资源建设投入力度，创建一批数字人才培养示范机构。加快制定服务标准和规范，全面加强家政服务、养老服务从业人员和相关企业社会信用体系建设。大力发展“互联网＋”家政服务、养老服务，培育一批领军企业，创造更多高质量家政养老就业岗位。鼓励更多职业院校（含技工院校）开设家政服务、养老服务相关专业，培养更多家政服务、养老服务人才。规范家政养老从业人员劳动用工关系，推进依法参加社会保险，切实保护从业人员合法权益，开发更多生活性服务业就业岗位。强化政策指引和分类指导，创新监管方式，加强行业自律，大力发展平台经济、众包经济、共享经济等新业态新模式，保障从业人员劳动权益，充分释放新动能带动就业效应。 |
| II. Promoting the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries and guiding laborers in changing career and improving the quality of employment. | | 二、促进传统产业转型升级，引导劳动者转岗提质就业 |
| The upgrading of traditional industries and improvement of the skills and career change of employees shall be simultaneously brought forward, and to satisfy the demand for talents for the traditional manufacturing industries to become intelligent, green, high-end, and service-oriented, enterprises shall be guided and supported in improving the employee skill training system. Pre-service training, workplace skills training for employees, and highly-skilled talent training shall be vigorously provided, order-based training, direction-specific training, and post-specific training shall be enhanced, the methods of skill assessment of skilled workers shall be improved, and enterprises shall be supported by project wages, bargain wages, shares, options, dividends, and other means, in enhancing remunerative incentives and promoting laborers in changing career and improving the quality of employment. The trends of intelligent and service-oriented development of manufacturing shall be adapted to, manufacturing enterprises shall be encouraged to energetically develop service-oriented manufacturing, the innovation in and transformation of production methods, organizational forms, management methods, and business models shall be accelerated, and the development of research, development and design of products, general system contracting, total solution design, and other high-end services as well as online value-added services, such as distance maintenance and quality diagnosis, shall be supported, so as to continue to extend the industry chain, create more service-oriented employment opportunities, such as research and development, maintenance, and control, and guide employees in changing career and improving the quality of employment in an orderly manner. In light of the implementation of regional development strategies, the labor-intensive industries in the eastern China shall be guided in relocating to central and western China and northeast China in an orderly manner, so as to optimize the regional structure of employment. | | 同步推进传统产业升级和职工技能提升、岗位转换，围绕传统制造业向智能化、绿色化、高端化、服务化发展的人才需求，引导和支持企业完善职工技能培训制度。大力开展岗前培训、职工岗位技能培训和高技能人才培训，强化订单培训、定向培训、定岗培训，改进技术工人技能评价方式，支持企业通过项目工资、协议工资以及股权、期权、分红等方式强化薪酬激励，促进劳动者转岗提质就业。适应制造业智能化、服务化发展趋势，鼓励制造企业积极发展服务型制造，加快生产方式、组织形式、管理方式和商业模式创新变革，支持发展产品研发设计、系统总承包、整体解决方案设计等高端服务和远程维护、质量诊断等在线增值服务，不断延伸产业链条，开发更多研发、维保、控制等服务型就业机会，引导职工有序转换就业岗位。结合区域发展战略实施，引导东部地区劳动密集型产业向中西部和东北地区有序转移，优化就业空间结构。 |
III. Extensively advancing innovation and entrepreneurship and promoting new job-creating market participants
．．．．．． | | 三、深入推进创新创业，催生吸纳就业新市场主体
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