| Notice of the General Office of the Supreme People's Court on Issuing the Case Handling Guidelines (I) for Administrative Trials | | 最高人民法院办公厅关于印发《行政审判办案指南(一)》的通知 |
| (No. 17 [2014] of the General Office of the Supreme People's Court on February 24, 2014) | | （2014年2月24日 法办[2014]17号） |
| The higher people's courts of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government; the Military Court of the People's Liberation Army; and the Production and Construction Corps Branch of the Higher People's Court of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region: | | 各省、自治区、直辖市高级人民法院，解放军军事法院，新疆维吾尔自治区高级人民法院生产建设兵团分院： |
| For purposes of unifying the criteria for judicial judgments, clarifying the standards for the application of law, and allowing the people to have a sense of fairness and justice in each judicial case, we have summarized and studied cutting-edge, general and typical cases and issues in administrative trial practice across the country, and compiled and issued the Case Handling Guidelines for Administrative Trials on a regular basis. The Case Handling Guidelines (I) for Administrative Trials are hereby issued to you, which shall be forwarded to the courts at all levels for reference and application in the trial of administrative cases across the country. | | 为统一司法裁判尺度，明确法律适用标准，让人民群众在每一个司法案件中都感受到公平正义，我们将对各地行政审判实践中具有前沿性、普遍性、典型性的案例及问题进行归纳研究，定期编发《行政审判办案指南》。现将《行政审判指南(一)》印发给你们，请转发至各级法院，供各地在行政案件审理中参考运用。 |
| | 特此通知。 |
| Annex: | | 附： |
| Case Handling Guidelines (I) for Administrative Trials | | 行政审判办案指南(一) |
| I. Scope of case acceptance | | 一、受案范围 |
| 1. Actionability of meeting minutes | | 1．会议纪要的可诉性问题 |
| The internal meeting minutes of an administrative authority is not actionable. However, where the meeting minutes directly and actually affect the rights and obligations of a citizen, a legal person or any other organization, and are externalized via delivery or by any other means, the act constitutes an actionable specific administrative act. (No. 1)① (Note ①: The relevant case number in the Administrative Trial Cases of the People's Republic of China complied by the administrative tribunal of the Supreme People's Court, the same below. Indication of the case number facilitates comparison with specific cases by reference by the trial staff of the people's courts at all levels so that they can understand the essence of these Guidelines in a comprehensive and accurate manner. | | 行政机关的内部会议纪要不可诉。但其直接对公民、法人或者其他组织的权利义务产生实际影响，且通过送达等途径外化的，属于可诉的具体行政行为。(1号)①（注①：最高人民法院行政审判庭编写的《中国行政审判案例》相关案例编号，下同。具明该号便于各级人民法院审判人员对照参考具体案例，全面准确理解本指南要旨。 |
| 2. Actionability of the contents of a specific administrative act included in a regulatory document | | 2．规范性文件包含具体行政行为内容时的可诉性问题 |
| A regulatory document with general binding force issued by an administrative authority is not actionable. However, where contents of a specific administrative act are included, such portion shall be actionable. (No. 44) | | 行政机关发布的具有普遍约束力的规范性文件不可诉，但包含具体行政行为内容的，该部分内容具有可诉性。(44号) |
| 3. Actionability of the confirmation of a specific fact in the administrative punishment process | | 3．行政处理过程中特定事实之确认的可诉性问题 |
| Where an administrative authority entrusts a relevant social organization with the confirmation of a specific fact, and uses such fact as the factual basis for an administrative punishment decision, the act of confirmation shall not be actionable. (No. 40) | | 行政机关委托有关社会组织就特定事实作出确认，并将其作为行政处理决定事实根据的，该确认行为不可诉。(40号) |
| Where an administrative authority confirms a specific fact in accordance with its power, and uses such fact as the factual basis for an administrative punishment decision, the act of confirmation cannot independently constitute the subject matter of an action. However, where the rights and obligations of a citizen, a legal person, or any other organization are directly and actually affected, the act of confirmation shall be actionable. (No. 43) | | 行政机关依职权就特定事实作出确认，并将其作为行政处理决定事实根据的，该确认行为不能成为独立的诉讼客体，但其直接对公民、法人或者其他组织的权利义务产生实质影响的具有可诉性。(43号) |
| 4. Actionability of the act of auctioning the right to use state-owned land | | 4．国有土地使用权拍卖行为的可诉性问题 |
| The auction announcement or a relevant act of auction of a land administrative authority prior to assignment of the right to use state-owned land constitutes an actionable administrative act. (No. 45) | | 土地管理部门出让国有土地使用权之前作出的拍卖公告等相关拍卖行为属于可诉的行政行为。(45号) |
| 5. Actionability of the act of extending the term of administrative licensing | | 5．延长行政许可期限行为的可诉性问题 |
| The act of extending the term of administrative licensing is an administrative act independent of the relevant administrative licensing, and is actionable. In a relevant case, the people's court shall focus on reviewing whether the ground for extending the term of administrative licensing is lawful, whether the contents are consistent with the previous licensing, and whether the relevant administrative licensing constitutes a major and clear violation of the law. (No. 42) | | 延长行政许可期限的行为是独立于相关行政许可的行政行为，具有可诉性。在此类案件中，人民法院应当着重审查许可期限延长的理由是否合法、与此前的许可内容是否一致，以及相关行政许可是否存在重大、明显违法等情形。(42号) |
| II. Litigation participants | | 二、诉讼参加人 |
| 6. Qualification of a party potentially affected by an administrative act as plaintiff | | 6．受行政行为潜在影响者的原告资格问题 |
| Where citizens, legal persons or other organizations believe that an administrative act has a potentially negative impact on their legitimate rights and interests, if such impact is foreseeable under the usual standards, they shall qualify as plaintiffs against the administrative act. (No. 2) | | 公民、法人或其他组织认为行政行为对自身合法权益具有潜在的不利影响，如果这种影响以通常标准判断可以预见，则其对该行政行为具有原告资格。(2号) |
| 7. Qualification of a creditor as plaintiff in a real right transfer registration case | | 7．物权转移登记案件中债权人的原告资格问题 |
| A creditor generally does not qualify as plaintiff against the act of real right transfer registration of an administrative authority per the debtor's application, unless the real estate property or personal property involved in the registration is specifically linked to the creditor's rights as a result of a mortgage, enforcement of a judgment or any other factor. (No. 3 and No. 49) | | 行政机关依债务人申请作出的物权转移登记行为，债权人一般不具有起诉的原告资格，但该登记所涉不动产或者动产因抵押、裁判执行等因素与债权产生特定联系的除外。(3号、49号) |
| 8. Qualification of a building user as plaintiff in a building transfer registration case | | 8．房屋转移登记案件中房屋使用人的原告资格问题 |
| A building user is qualified as plaintiff against the act of building transfer registration. However, where it is determined in accordance with law that the building user has no right to occupy the building, the qualification as plaintiff shall disappear as the interested relationship at law with the act of building transfer registration disappears. (No. 48) | | 房屋使用人具有起诉房屋转移登记行为的原告资格，但其已被依法确认无权占有房屋的，原告资格随着其与房屋转移登记行为之间法律上利害关系的消失而消失。(48号) |
| 9. An institution of higher education as the eligible defendant | | 9．高等院校的适格被告问题 |
| Where a party initiates an administrative action against issuance of an academic diploma or degree certificate, expulsion, or any other administrative act of the institution of higher education authorized by laws and regulations which affects the student's right to education, the institution of higher education shall be the defendant. (No. 5 and No. 9) | | 高等院校依据法律、法规授权作出颁发学历、学位证书以及开除学籍等影响学生受教育权利的行政行为，当事人不服提起行政诉讼的，以高等院校为被告。(5号、9号) |
| III. Evidence | | 三、证据 |
| 10. Proving “knowledge of the contents of a specific administrative act” | | 10．“知道具体行政行为内容”的证明问题 |
Where the defendant or a third party believes that the plaintiff already knew the contents of a specific administrative act at a specific time, but the evidence provided thereon fails to exclude reasonable doubt and the plaintiff denies, it may be presumed that the plaintiff did not know the contents of the specific administrative act at that time. (No. 8)
．．．．．． | | 被告或者第三人认为原告在特定时间已经知道具体行政行为内容，但其就此提供的证据无法排除合理怀疑且原告否认的，可以推定原告当时不知道具体行政行为内容。(8号)
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