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Guiding Opinions of the People's Bank of China, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the China Securities Regulatory Commission and Other Departments on Finance Serving Rural Revitalization [Effective]
中国人民银行、银保监会、证监会等关于金融服务乡村振兴的指导意见 [现行有效]
【法宝引证码】

Guiding Opinions of the People's Bank of China, the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission, the China Securities Regulatory Commission, the Ministry of Finance, and the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs on Finance Serving Rural Revitalization 

中国人民银行、银保监会、证监会、财政部、农业农村部关于金融服务乡村振兴的指导意见

(No. 11 [2019] of the People's Bank of China) (银发〔2019〕11号)

The Shanghai Head Office of the People's Bank of China (“PBC”); all branches and operations offices of the PBC; all central sub-branches of the PBC in capital cities of provinces (autonomous regions) and sub-provincial cities; all local offices of the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission and local offices of the China Securities Regulatory Commission; finance department (bureau) of each province, autonomous region, municipality directly under the Central Government or city under separate state planning, and department (bureau) of agriculture and rural areas, China Development Bank, all policy banks, state-owned commercial banks, joint-stock commercial banks, and postal Savings Bank of China; and the National Association of Financial Market Institutional Investors, 中国人民银行上海总部,各分行、营业管理部,各省会(首府)城市中心支行、副省级城市中心支行;各银保监局、证监局;各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市财政厅(局)、农业农村厅(局);国家开发银行,各政策性银行、国有商业银行、股份制商业银行,中国邮政储蓄银行;中国银行间市场交易商协会:
The implementation of the rural revitalization strategy is a major arrangement made by the CPC Central Committee with comrade Xi Jinping as the core, a general foothold to effectively conduct the work of "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" in the new era, and a fundamental object of the financial system providing rural financial services. In accordance with the relevant requirements of the Opinions of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on Implementing the Rural Revitalization Strategy and the Strategic Plan for Village Revitalization (2018-2022), the following opinions are hereby offered on effectively conducting the work of finance serving rural revitalization: 实施乡村振兴战略,是以习近平同志为核心的党中央作出的重大部署,是新时代做好“三农”工作的总抓手,是金融系统开展农村金融服务工作的根本遵循。按照《中共中央 国务院关于实施乡村振兴战略的意见》和《乡村振兴战略规划(2018-2022年)》有关要求,现就做好金融服务乡村振兴工作提出如下意见:
I. General requirements, objectives and principles   一、总体要求、目标和原则
1. General requirements. (一)总体要求。
Under the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics in a New Era, closely centering on the general arrangement made at the 19th CPC National Congress for the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy, in accordance with the general requirements for booming industries, livable ecology, rural moral integrity, effective governance, and affluence, in adherence to a combination of an objective-oriented approach and a problem-oriented one as well as that of market operation and policy support, with a focus on key fields, reforms and innovation shall be deepened, a market system, organizational system, and product system for finance to serve rural revitalization shall be established and improved, the return mechanism of rural financial resources shall be improved, and more financial resources shall be allocated to key fields and weak links in rural areas, so as to better meet the diversified, multi-level financial needs of rural areas and promote the integration of urban and rural areas. 以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,紧紧围绕党的十九大关于实施乡村振兴战略的总体部署,按照产业兴旺、生态宜居、乡风文明、治理有效、生活富裕的总要求,坚持目标导向和问题导向相结合、市场运作和政策支持相结合,聚焦重点领域,深化改革创新,建立完善金融服务乡村振兴的市场体系、组织体系、产品体系,完善农村金融资源回流机制,把更多金融资源配置到农村重点领域和薄弱环节,更好满足乡村振兴多样化、多层次的金融需求,推动城乡融合发展。
2. Work objectives. (二)工作目标。
By 2020, the following objectives of finance serving rural revitalization will have been accomplished: 到2020年,金融服务乡村振兴实现以下目标:
The precision poverty alleviation efforts by finance will be continually increased. Before 2020, the priority of rural revitalization will be the poverty alleviation endeavor. Rural-related banking financial institutions shall accord priority to meeting the demand for credit for precision poverty alleviation in poverty-stricken areas. New financial resources shall be weighted in favor of regions in extreme poverty. An endeavor will be made to enable the growth rate of new loans to regions in extreme poverty to be higher than the average growth rate of loans in the province (autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government) where the said regions are located and to enable the proportion of poverty-alleviation re-lending in regions in extreme poverty to that in the province (autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government) where the said regions are located to exceed that for the same period of the previous year. 金融精准扶贫力度不断加大。2020年以前,乡村振兴的重点就是脱贫攻坚。涉农银行业金融机构在贫困地区要优先满足精准扶贫信贷需求。新增金融资源要向深度贫困地区倾斜,深度贫困地区贷款增速力争每年高于所在省(区、市)贷款平均增速,力争每年深度贫困地区扶贫再贷款占所在省(区、市)的比重高于上年同期水平。
Financial resources in support of the rural community will continue to increase. The balance of rural-related loans from rural-related banking financial institutions will be higher than that for the previous year, and the loans to rural households and those to new types of agricultural businesses will hold a relatively fast growth rate. Bonds, stock and other capital markets will continue improving their services for "agriculture, rural areas and farmers." The types of agricultural insurance will continually increase, and coverage will effectively improve. 金融支农资源不断增加。涉农银行业金融机构涉农贷款余额高于上年,农户贷款和新型农业经营主体贷款保持较快增速。债券、股票等资本市场服务“三农”水平持续提升。农业保险险种持续增加,覆盖面有效提升。
Rural financial services will be continually bettered. The full coverage of the outlets of financial institutions in townships will be basically achieved, and digital inclusive finance will be effectively pervasive in rural areas. The payment service environment in rural areas will continue to improve, the sustainable development of bank card withdrawal services in support of the rural community will be achieved, and emerging payment methods such as mobile payment will gain popularity and be applied in rural areas. The construction of a rural credit system will continue to advance, and the credit enhancement mechanism for financing by farmers and new types of agricultural businesses will improve significantly. 农村金融服务持续改善。基本实现乡镇金融机构网点全覆盖,数字普惠金融在农村得到有效普及。农村支付服务环境持续改善,银行卡助农取款服务实现可持续发展,移动支付等新兴支付方式在农村地区得到普及应用。农村信用体系建设持续推进,农户及新型农业经营主体的融资增信机制显著改善。
The corporate governance and rural-community support capabilities of rural-related financial institutions will be conspicuously improved. The differentiated pricing capabilities of rural-related financial institutions will be continually enhanced, the advancement of innovation in rural financial products and services will be accelerated, and the risk management of rural-related loans will continue to be improved, so as to ensure that rural-related non-performing loans maintain stably controllable, the commercial sustainability of county incorporated financial institutions will be manifestly improved, and the capabilities and level of finance serving rural revitalization will continue to be enhanced. 涉农金融机构公司治理和支农能力明显提升。涉农金融机构差别化定价能力不断增强,农村金融产品和服务创新加快推进,涉农贷款风险管理持续改进,确保涉农不良贷款水平稳定在可控范围,县域法人金融机构商业可持续性明显改善,金融服务乡村振兴能力和水平持续提升。
Medium and long-term objectives: By 2035, a modern rural financial system featuring multiple levels, wide coverage, sustainability, moderate competition, orderly innovation and controllable risk will have been basically established, the capabilities and level of financial services will have been significantly improved, and the financial needs of agricultural and rural development will have been effectively satisfied. By 2050, a modern rural financial organizational system, policy system, and product system will have been comprehensively established, urban and rural financial resources will have been allocated in a reasonable and orderly manner, and the equalization of urban and rural financial services will have been fully achieved. 中长期目标,到2035年,基本建立多层次、广覆盖、可持续、适度竞争、有序创新、风险可控的现代农村金融体系,金融服务能力和水平显著提升,农业农村发展的金融需求得到有效满足;到2050年,现代农村金融组织体系、政策体系、产品体系全面建立,城乡金融资源配置合理有序,城乡金融服务均等化全面实现。
3. Basic principles. (三)基本原则。
Using market-oriented operations as the guidance: The laws of the market shall be respected, the decisive role of the market mechanisms in the allocation and pricing of rural financial resources shall be maximized, the decrease in the cost of rural-related loans shall be guided by using low-cost funds and increasing credit enhancement measures, and financial institutions shall be promoted in establishing a market-oriented service model in which revenue covers costs and enhancing the capabilities to price rural financial services. 以市场化运作为导向。尊重市场规律,充分发挥市场机制在农村金融资源配置和定价中的决定性作用,通过运用低成本资金、增加增信措施等引导涉农贷款成本下行,推动金融机构建立收益覆盖成本的市场化服务模式,增强农村金融服务定价能力。
Using institutional reforms as impetus: The reform of national rural-related policy and commercial financial institutions shall continue to be deepened, and the capabilities of medium and long-term credit extension and the level of differentiated services shall be enhanced or raised. The corporate governance of county incorporated financial institutions shall be regulated, the services for local communities and the support for the integration of rural and urban areas shall be promoted, and the effective supply of financial resources in rural areas shall be increased. 以机构改革为动力。持续深化全国政策性、商业性涉农金融机构改革,增强中长期信贷投放能力和差别化服务水平。规范县域法人金融机构公司治理,促进服务当地、支持城乡融合发展,增加农村金融资源有效供给。
Using policy support as directions: The support of monetary policies shall be increased, differentiated regulation shall be improved, and the role of fiscal funds in directing and leveraging finance shall be called into play. A government-backed financing guarantee and risk sharing mechanism shall be established and improved, and the agricultural credit guarantee system and agricultural insurance shall be called into play, so as to fix the shortcomings of low returns, high risk and information asymmetry in agriculture and promote the return of financial resources to rural areas. 以政策扶持为引导。加大货币政策支持力度,完善差异化监管,发挥财政资金对金融的引导和撬动作用。建立健全政府性融资担保和风险分担机制,发挥农业信贷担保体系和农业保险作用,弥补农业收益低风险高、信息不对称的短板,促进金融资源回流农村。
Using risk prevention and control as the bottom line: Financial institutions shall adhere to according equal priority to credit extension and risk prevention and control, explore capital replenishment channels, reasonable return mechanisms and venture capital management models commensurate with serving rural revitalization, improve corporate governance, pay attention to loan quality, improve market-based risk disposition mechanisms, enhance their capabilities to prevent and control rural-related business risks, and improve the sustainability of finance serving rural revitalization. 以防控风险为底线。金融机构要坚持信贷投放和风险防控两手抓,探索与服务乡村振兴相适应的资本补充渠道、合理回报机制和风险资本管理模式,提高法人治理水平,关注贷款质量,完善市场化风险处置机制,增强涉农业务风险防控能力,提高金融服务乡村振兴的可持续性。
II. Adhering to the correct direction of rural financial reform and development and improving the organization system of financial services suitable for rural revitalization and development.   二、坚持农村金融改革发展的正确方向,健全适合乡村振兴发展的金融服务组织体系
4. Encouraging development and policy financial institutions to provide medium and long-term credit support for rural revitalization to the extent of their business. The China Development Bank shall, based on the positioning as a development financial institution, capitalize on the advantages in serving national strategies, market-oriented operation, and principal-protected low margins, increase the efforts to support rural revitalization, and cultivate impetus for the growth of rural economy. The Agricultural Development Bank shall adhere to the functional positioning as an agricultural policy bank, improve political awareness, and play a role as the mainstay and backbone in key areas and critical and weak links such as food security and the poverty alleviation endeavor. (四)鼓励开发性、政策性金融机构在业务范围内为乡村振兴提供中长期信贷支持。国家开发银行要按照开发性金融机构的定位,充分利用服务国家战略、市场运作、保本微利的优势,加大对乡村振兴的支持力度,培育农村经济增长动力。农业发展银行要坚持农业政策性银行职能定位,提高政治站位,在粮食安全、脱贫攻坚等重点领域和关键薄弱环节发挥主力和骨干作用。
5. Increasing commercial banks' support for rural revitalization. The Agricultural Bank of China shall strengthen its strategic positioning of being directed at "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" and serving urban and rural areas, further reform and improve the systems and mechanisms for the "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" financial business division, ensure that the growth rate of county-level loans continues to exceed the average growth rate of all its loans, actively implement the project that Internet finance serves "agriculture, rural areas and farmers," and focus its efforts on improving the coverage of rural financial services and credit penetration. The Postal Savings Bank of China shall effectively call into play its advantages in networks, outlets, and capital and considerable experience in specializing in microcredit, adhere to its strategic positioning as a retail commercial bank, use microcredit and retail financial services as the foothold, highlight the effective financial services inclusive of micro and small clients in the rural revitalization field such as rural households, new types of businesses, small and medium-sized enterprises, and registered poverty-stricken households, improve the operating mechanism of the "agriculture, rural areas and farmers" financial business division, increase credit extension in county-level areas, gradually raise the loan-to-deposit ratio in county-level areas, and hold it within a reasonable range. Joint-stock commercial banks and urban commercial banks shall, in view of their own functional positioning and business advantages, highlight key fields to support, with a focus on improving the coverage of basic financial services, promoting financing in urban and rural areas, and other important aspects of rural revitalization, actively innovate financial products and service methods, and develop an integrated and characteristic financial service system for rural revitalization. (五)加大商业银行对乡村振兴支持力度。中国农业银行要强化面向“三农”、服务城乡的战略定位,进一步改革完善“三农”金融事业部体制机制,确保县域贷款增速持续高于全行平均水平,积极实施互联网金融服务“三农”工程,着力提高农村金融服务覆盖面和信贷渗透率。中国邮政储蓄银行要发挥好网点网络优势、资金优势和丰富的小额贷款专营经验,坚持零售商业银行的战略定位,以小额贷款、零售金融服务为抓手,突出做好乡村振兴领域中农户、新型经营主体、中小企业、建档立卡贫困户等小微普惠领域的金融服务,完善“三农”金融事业部运行机制,加大对县域地区的信贷投放,逐步提高县域存贷比并保持在合理范围内。股份制商业银行和城市商业银行要结合自身职能定位和业务优势,突出重点支持领域,围绕提升基础金融服务覆盖面、推动城乡资金融通等乡村振兴的重要环节,积极创新金融产品和服务方式,打造综合化特色化乡村振兴金融服务体系。
6. Strengthening the role of small and medium-sized rural financial institutions as the mainstay in supporting the rural community. Rural credit cooperatives, rural commercial banks, and rural cooperative banks shall adhere to the market positioning of serving county-level areas and supporting the rural community and small clients, and the corporate status and quantity of county rural financial institutions shall remain stable in general. A reform path shall be explored for provincial unions of rural credit cooperatives, the management system of rural credit cooperatives shall be rationalized, the status of rural credit cooperatives as independent legal persons shall be specified and enhanced, corporate governance mechanisms shall be improved, shareholder rights shall be protected, the operating independence and conformity of county rural financial institutions shall be enhanced, and the administrative functions of provincial unions of rural credit cooperatives in personnel, finance, business and other aspects shall be de-emphasized, with their professional service functions highlighted. Village banks shall strengthen their strategic focus on supporting the rural community and small clients and extend the reaches of their services to townships. Incorporated county financial institutions shall extend and use funds primarily for rural-related business, and shall not pursue only high returns. Higher priority shall be accorded to preventing and controlling the risk for rural-related loans, and risk management and control capabilities shall be heightened. The beneficial and supplementary role of other institutions such as microcredit companies in serving rural revitalization shall be actively called into play, effective paths shall be explored for the development of new types of rural cooperative finance, and the pilot program of credit cooperation within farmers' cooperatives shall be duly conducted.
......
 (六)强化农村中小金融机构支农主力军作用。农村信用社、农村商业银行、农村合作银行要坚持服务县域、支农支小的市场定位,保持县域农村金融机构法人地位和数量总体稳定。积极探索农村信用社省联社改革路径,理顺农村信用社管理体制,明确并强化农村信用社的独立法人地位,完善公司治理机制,保障股东权利,提高县域农村金融机构经营的独立性和规范化水平,淡化农村信用社省联社在人事、财务、业务等方面的行政管理职能,突出专业化服务功能。村镇银行要强化支农支小战略定力,向乡镇延伸服务触角。县域法人金融机构资金投放使用应以涉农业务为主,不得片面追求高收益。要把防控涉农贷款风险放在更加重要的位置,提高风险管控能力。积极发挥小额贷款公司等其他机构服务乡村振兴的有益补充作用,探索新型农村合作金融发展的有效途径,稳妥开展农民合作社内部信用合作试点。
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