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| Organic Law of the Local People'sCongresses and Local People's Governments of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国地方各级人民代表大会和地方各级人民政府组织法 |
| (Adopted at the Second Session of the Fifth National People's Congress on July 1, 1979, amended according to the Resolution of the Fifth Session of the Fifth National People's Congress Revising Certain Provisions of the Organic Law of the Local People's Congresses and Local People's Governments of the People's Republic of China on December 10, 1982, and reissued on December 10, 1982) | | （1979年7月1日第五届全国人民代表大会第二次会议通过 根据1982年12月10日第五届全国人民代表大会第五次会议《关于修改＜中华人民共和国地方各级人民代表大会和地方各级人民政府组织法＞的若干规定的决议》修正 1982年12月10日重新公布） |
| Chapter 1: General Provisions | | 第一章 总则 |
| Article 1 People's congresses and people's governments shall be establishedin provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the CentralGovernment, autonomous prefectures, counties, autonomous counties, cities,municipal districts and towns. | | 第一条 省、自治区、直辖市、自治州、县、自治县、市、市辖区、乡、民族乡、镇设立人民代表大会和人民政府。 |
| Article 2 Standing committees shall be established by local people'scongresses at or above the county level. | | 第二条 县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会设立常务委员会。 |
| Chapter 2: Local People'sCongresses at Various Levels | | 第二章 地方各级人民代表大会 |
| Article 3 Local people's congresses at various levels shall be local organsof state power. | | 第三条 地方各级人民代表大会都是地方国家权力机关。 |
| Article 4 Deputies to the people's congresses of provinces, autonomousregions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, autonomousprefectures and cities divided into districts shall be elected by the people'scongresses at the next lower level; deputies to the people's congresses ofcounties, autonomous counties, cities not divided into districts, municipaldistricts, township and nationality townships and towns shall be electeddirectly by their constituencies. | | 第四条 省、自治区、直辖市、自治州、设区的市的人民代表大会代表由下一级的人民代表大会选举；县、自治县、不设区的市、市辖区、乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表由选民直接选举。 |
| The number of deputies to the local people's congresses at various levels andthe manner of their election shall be prescribed by the electoral law. Thereshall be an appropriate number of deputies from the minority nationalities ineach administrative area. | | 地方各级人民代表大会代表名额和代表产生办法由选举法规定。各行政区域内的少数民族应当有适当的代表名额。 |
| Article 5 The term of office of the people's congresses of provinces,autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government,autonomous prefectures, and cities divided into districts shall be five years.The term of office of the people's congresses of counties, autonomous counties,cities not divided into districts, municipal districts, townships, nationalitytownships, and towns shall be three years. | | 第五条 省、自治区、直辖市、自治州、设区的市的人民代表大会每届任期五年。县、自治县、不设区的市、市辖区、乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会每届任期三年。 |
| Article 6 The people's congresses of provinces, autonomous regions, andmunicipalities directly under the Central Government may, in the light of thespecific conditions and actual needs of their respective administrative areas,formulate and promulgate local regulations, which must not contravene the Constitution,the law, policies, decrees and administrative orders of the state, and theyshall report such local regulations to the Standing Committee of the NationalPeople's Congress and the State Council for the record. | | 第六条 省、自治区、直辖市的人民代表大会根据本行政区域的具体情况和实际需要，在和国家宪法、法律、政策、法令、政令不抵触的前提下，可以制订和颁布地方性法规，并报全国人民代表大会常务委员会和国务院备案。 |
| Article 7 Local people's congresses at or above the county level shallexercise the following functions and powers: | | 第七条 县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会行使下列职权： |
| (1) to ensure the observance and execution, in their respectiveadministrative areas, of the Constitution, the law, policies, decrees,administrative orders and the resolutions of the people's congresses at higherlevels, and to ensure the implementation of the state plan and the statebudget; | | （一）在本行政区域内，保证宪法、法律、政策、法令、政令和上级人民代表大会决议的遵守和执行，保证国家计划和国家预算的执行； |
| (2) to examine and approve the economic plans, budgets and financial reportsof their respective administrative areas; | | （二）审查和批准本行政区域的国民经济计划和预算、决算； |
| (3) to discuss and decide on major issue in political, economic, cultural,educational, public health, and civil and nationality affairs in theirrespective administrative areas; | | （三）讨论、决定本行政区域的政治、经济、文化、教育、卫生、民政、民族工作的重大事项； |
| (4) to elect the members of their respective standing committees; | | （四）选举本级人民代表大会常务委员会的组成人员； |
| (5) to decide on the choice of governors and deputy governors, chairman andvice- chairmen of autonomous regions, mayors and deputy mayors, prefects anddeputy prefects, and heads and deputy heads of counties and districts; | | （五）决定省长、副省长，自治区主席、副主席，市长、副市长，州长、副州长，县长、副县长，区长、副区长的人选； |
| (6) the people's congresses of provinces, autonomous regions, andmunicipalities directly under the Central Government shall elect the presidentsof the people's courts at the corresponding levels and the presidents ofintermediate people's courts; | | （六）省、自治区、直辖市的人民代表大会选举本级人民法院院长和中级人民法院院长； |
| The people's congresses of autonomous prefectures, counties, autonomouscounties, cities and municipal districts shall elect the presidents of thepeople's courts at the corresponding levels; | | 自治州、县、自治县、市、市辖区的人民代表大会选举本级人民法院院长； |
| (7) the people's congresses of provinces, autonomous regions, andmunicipalities directly under the Central Government shall elect the chiefprocurators of the people's procuratorates at the corresponding levels and thechief procurators of their branches; | | （七）省、自治区、直辖市的人民代表大会选举本级人民检察院检察长和人民检察院分院检察长； |
| The people's congresses of autonomous prefectures, counties, autonomouscounties, cities and municipal districts shall elect the chief procurators ofthe people's procuratorates at the corresponding levels; | | 自治州、县、自治县、市、市辖区的人民代表大会选举本级人民检察院检察长； |
| The election of a new chief procurator of a people's procuratorate shall bereported to the chief procurator of the people's procuratorate at the nexthigher level, who shall submit it to the standing committee of the people'scongress at that same level for approval; | | 选出的人民检察院检察长，须报经上级人民检察院检察长提请该级人民代表大会常务委员会批准； |
| (8) to elect deputies to the people's congresses at the next higher level; | | （八）选举上一级人民代表大会代表； |
| (9) to hear and examine reports on the work of the standing committees of thepeople's congresses at the corresponding levels; | | （九）听取和审查本级人民代表大会常务委员会的工作报告； |
| (10) to hear and examine reports on the work of the people's governments, thepeople's courts and the people's procuratorates at the corresponding levels; | | （十）听取和审查本级人民政府和人民法院、人民检察院的工作报告； |
| (11) to alter or annul inappropriate resolutions and orders of the people'sgovernments at the corresponding levels; | | （十一）改变或者撤销本级人民政府的不适当的决议和命令； |
| (12) to alter or annul inappropriate resolutions of the people's congressesand inappropriate resolutions and orders of the people's governments at thenext lower level; | | （十二）改变或者撤销下一级人民代表大会的不适当的决议和下一级人民政府的不适当的决议和命令； |
| (13) to protect the socialist property owned by the whole people, propertyowned collectively by working people and citizens legitimate private property,maintain public order and safeguard citizens rights of the person and theirdemocratic and other rights; | | （十三）保护社会主义的全民所有的财产和劳动群众集体所有的财产，保护公民私人所有的合法财产，维护社会秩序，保障公民的人身权利、民主权利和其他权利； |
| (14) to safeguard the proper decision-making power of basic accounting unitsof the township and nationality townships; | | （十四）保障农村集体经济组织应有的自主权； |
| (15) to safeguard the rights of minority nationalities; and | | （十五）保障少数民族的权利； |
| (16) to safeguard women's political rights, rights to work and to receiveequal pay for equal work and other rights equal to those of men. | | （十六）保障妇女同男子有平等的政治权利、劳动权利、同工同酬和其他权利。 |
| Article 8 The people's congresses of township and nationality townships andtowns shall exercise the following functions and powers: | | 第八条 乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会行使下列职权： |
| (1) to ensure the observance and execution, in their respectiveadministrative areas, of the Constitution, the law, policies, decreesand administrative orders and the resolutions of the people's congresses athigher levels; | | （一）在本行政区域内，保证宪法、法律、政策、法令、政令和上级人民代表大会决议的遵守和执行； |
| (2) to adopt and promulgate resolutions within the scope of their functionsand powers; | | （二）在职权范围内通过和发布决议； |
| (3) to decide, in accordance with state plans, on plans for the developmentof the economy, cultural affairs and public services in their respectiveadministrative areas; | | （三）根据国家计划，决定本行政区域的经济、文化事业和公共事业的建设计划； |
| (4) to decide on plans for civil affairs in their respective administrativeareas; | | （四）决定本行政区域民政工作的实施计划； |
| (5) to elect directors, deputy directors and the management committee membersof township and nationality townships and to decide on the choice of heads anddeputy heads of towns; | | （五）选举乡长、副乡长，镇长、副镇长； |
| (6) to hear and examine reports on the work of the management committees of townshipand nationality townships and of the people's governments of towns; | | （六）听取和审查乡、民族乡、镇的人民政府的工作报告； |
| (7) to alter or annul inappropriate resolutions and orders of the managementcommittees of township and nationality townships and the people's governmentsof towns; | | （七）改变或者撤销乡、民族乡、镇的人民政府的不适当的决议和命令； |
| (8) to protect the socialist property owned by the whole people, propertyowned collectively by working people and citizens' legitimate private property,to maintain public order and safeguard citizens' rights of the person and theirdemocratic and other rights; | | （八）保护社会主义的全民所有的财产和劳动群众集体所有的财产，保护公民私人所有的合法财产，维护社会秩序，保障公民的人身权利、民主权利和其他权利； |
| (9) to safeguard the proper decision-making power of basic accounting unitsof the township and nationality townships; | | （九）保障农村集体经济组织应有的自主权； |
| (10) to safeguard the rights of minority nationalities; and | | （十）保障少数民族的权利； |
| (11) to safeguard women's political rights, rights to work and to receiveequal pay for equal work and other rights equal to those of men. | | （十一）保障妇女同男子有平等的政治权利、劳动权利、同工同酬和其他权利。 |
| In exercising their functions and powers, the people's congresses of townshipand nationality townships and towns in which minority nationalities live inconcentrated communities shall adopt specific measures appropriate to thecharacteristics of the nationalities concerned. | | 少数民族聚居的乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会在行使职权的时候，应当采取适合民族特点的具体措施。 |
| Article 9 Local people's congresses at various levels shall have the powerto remove from office members of the people's governments at the correspondinglevels. Local people's congresses at or above the county level shall have thepower to remove from office members of their standing committees and thepresidents of the people's courts and the chief procurators of the people'sprocuratorates elected by those people's congresses. The removal of the chiefprocurator of a of a people's procuratorate shall be reported to the chiefprocurator of the people's procuratorate at the next higher level, who shallsubmit the matter to the standing committee of the people's congress at thatsame level for approval. | | 第九条 地方各级人民代表大会有权罢免本级人民政府的组成人员。县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会有权罢免本级人民代表大会常务委员会的组成人员和由它选出的人民法院院长、人民检察院检察长。罢免人民检察院检察长，须报经上级人民检察院检察长提请该级人民代表大会常务委员会批准。 |
| Article 10 Sessions of local people's congresses at or above the countylevel shall be convened by their standing committees. | | 第十条 县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会会议由本级人民代表大会常务委员会召集。 |
| Sessions of people's congresses of township and nationality townships and townsshall be convened by the management committees of township and nationalitytownships and the people's governments of towns. | | 乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会会议由乡、民族乡、镇的人民政府召集。 |
| Article 11 Local people's congresses at various levels shall meet in sessionat least once a year. | | 第十一条 地方各级人民代表大会会议每年至少举行一次。 |
| A session of a local people's congress may be convened at any time upon theproposal of one-fifth of its deputies. | | 经过五分之一代表提议，可以临时召集本级人民代表大会会议。 |
| Article 12 When a local people's congress meets, it shall elect a presidiumto conduct its session. | | 第十二条 地方各级人民代表大会举行会议的时候，选举主席团主持会议。 |
| When a local people's congress at or above the county level meets, it shallchoose a secretary-general and deputy secretaries-general. The choice of thesecretary-general shall be approved by a session of the people's congress; thechoice of the deputy secretaries-general shall be decided by its presidium. | | 县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会会议设秘书长一人，副秘书长若干人。秘书长的人选由人民代表大会会议通过；副秘书长的人选由主席团决定。 |
| Article 13When a local people's congress holds its session, it may establisha credentials committee, a bills examination committee and other committeesthat are deemed necessary, which shall work under the direction of thepresidium. | | 第十三条 地方各级人民代表大会举行会议的时候，可以设立代表资格审查委员会、议案审查委员会和其他需要设立的委员会，在主席团领导下进行工作。 |
| Article 14 When a local people's congress holds its sessions, its presidiumand standing committee, the people's government at the corresponding level anddeputies (with the support of at least three other deputies) may submit billsor proposals. | | 第十四条 地方各级人民代表大会举行会议的时候，主席团、常务委员会、本级人民政府和代表（有三人以上附议），都可以提出议案。 |
| Bills and proposals submitted to a session of a local people's congress shallbe referred to it by the presidium for discussion; they may also be referred tothe bills examination committee for examination before they are submitted tothe session for discussion. | | 向地方各级人民代表大会会议提出的议案，由主席团提请人民代表大会会议讨论，或者交付议案审查委员会审查后提请人民代表大会会议讨论。 |
| Article 15 When a local people's congress conducts an election or adopts aresolution, a majority vote of all the deputies shall be required. | | 第十五条 地方各级人民代表大会进行选举和通过决议，以全体代表的过半数通过。 |
| Article 16 Governors and deputy governors, chairmen and vice-chairmen ofautonomous regions, mayors and deputy mayors, prefects and deputy prefects,heads and deputy heads of counties, districts, townships and towns, and membersof the standing committees of local people's congresses, presidents of thepeople's courts and chief procurators of the people's procuratorates at orabove the county level shall be nominated by the presidium of the people'scongress at the corresponding level or jointly nominated by deputies to thecongress. The election method used may be that of having more candidates thanvacancies to be filled; also, the list of candidates may be determined througha preliminary election before the formal election is conducted. | | 第十六条 省长、副省长，自治区主席、副主席，市长、副市长，州长、副州长，县长、副县长，区长、副区长，乡长、副乡长，镇长、副镇长，县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会常务委员会的组成人员和人民法院院长、人民检察院检察长的人选，由本级人民代表大会主席团或者代表联合提名。选举可以采用候选人数多于应选人数的办法；也可以经过预选产生候选人名单，然后进行选举。 |
| No one on the standing committee may hold office in an administrative, judicialor procuratorial organ of the state; if a member assumes any of theabovementioned offices, he must resign from his post on the standing committee. | | 选举采用无记名投票方式。代表对于确定的候选人，可以投赞成票，可以投反对票，可以另选其他任何选民，也可以弃权。 |
| Article 17 When local people's congresses at various levels hold theirsessions, responsible persons of all departments under the people'sgovernments, the presidents of the people's courts and the chief procurators ofthe people's procuratorates at the corresponding levels may attend the sessionsbut as nonvoting delegates. | | 第十七条 地方各级人民代表大会举行会议的时候，本级人民政府所属各工作部门负责人员和人民法院院长、人民检察院检察长可以列席。 |
| Article 18 When local people's congresses at various levels hold theirsessions, questions addressed by the deputies to the people's governments orthe departments under them, to the people's courts and the people'sprocuratorates at the corresponding levels shall be referred by the presidiumsto the organs addressed. The organs to which the questions are addressed mustresponsibly answer the questions at the sessions. | | 第十八条 地方各级人民代表大会举行会议的时候，代表向本级人民政府和它所属各工作部门以及人民法院、人民检察院提出的质询，经过主席团提交受质询的机关。受质询的机关必须在会议中负责答复。 |
| Article 19 No deputy to a local people's congress at or above the county levelmay be arrested or placed on trial without the consent of the standingcommittee of that people's congress. If a deputy is caught in the act of crimeand detained, the organ executing the detention must immediately report thematter to the standing committee of that people's congress approval. | | 第十九条 县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会代表，非经本级人民代表大会常务委员会同意，不受逮捕或者审判。如果因为是现行犯被拘留，执行拘留的机关必须立即报请该级人民代表大会常务委员会批准。 |
| Article 20 When deputies to local people's congresses at various levelsattend people's congress sessions or perform their duties as deputies, thestate shall, as necessary, provide them with round-trip traveling expenses andthe requisite, material facilities or subsidies. | | 第二十条 地方各级人民代表大会代表在出席人民代表大会会议和执行代表职务的时候，国家根据需要给以往返的旅费和必要的物质上的便利或者补贴。 |
| Article 21 Deputies to local people's congresses at various levels shallmaintain close contact with the units that elected them or with theirconstituencies; publicize laws, decrees and policies; assist the people'sgovernments at the corresponding levels in their work; and relay the opinionsand demands of the masses to the people's congresses, their standing committeesand the people's governments. | | 第二十一条 地方各级人民代表大会代表应当和原选举单位或者选民保持密切联系，宣传法律、法令和政策，协助本级人民政府推行工作，并且向人民代表大会和它的常务委员会、人民政府反映群众的意见和要求。 |
| Deputies to the people's congresses of provinces, autonomous regions,municipalities directly under the Central Government, autonomous prefecturesand cities divided into districts may attend, as nonvoting delegates, sessionsof the people's congresses of the units which elected them. | | 省、自治区、直辖市、自治州、设区的市的人民代表大会代表可以列席原选举单位的人民代表大会会议。 |
| Deputies to the people's congresses of counties, autonomous counties, citiesnot divided into districts, municipal districts, township and nationalitytownships and towns shall apportion among themselves the task of maintainingcontact with their constituencies; in residential area or production units withthree or more deputies, a deputies group may be set up to help promote the workof the people's government at the corresponding level. | | 县、自治县、不设区的市、市辖区、乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表分工联系选民，有代表三人以上的居民地区或者生产单位可以组织代表小组，协助本级人民政府推行工作。 |
| Article 22 Deputies to the people's congresses of provinces, autonomousregions, municipalities directly under the Central Government, autonomousprefectures and cities divided into districts shall be subject to supervisionby the units which elected them; deputies to the people's congresses ofcounties, autonomous counties, cities not divided into districts, municipaldistricts, township and nationality townships and towns shall be subject tosupervision by their constituencies. | | 第二十二条 省、自治区、直辖市、自治州、设区的市的人民代表大会代表受原选举单位的监督；县、自治县、不设区的市、市辖区、乡、民族乡、镇的人民代表大会代表受选民的监督。 |
| Electoral units and voters shall have the power to recall and replace at anytime the deputies they elect to a local people's congress at any level. Therecall and replacement of a deputy shall require a majority vote of all thedeputies of the unit which elected him or of all the voters in his electoraldistrict. | | 地方各级人民代表大会代表的选举单位和选民有权随时撤换自己选出的代表。代表的撤换必须由原选举单位以全体代表的过半数通过，或者由原选区以选民的过半数通过。 |
| Article 23In the event that a deputy to a local people's congress is unableto perform his duties as deputy for any reason, the unit which elected him orthe voters in his electoral district shall hold a by-election to replace him. | | 第二十三条 地方各级人民代表大会代表因故不能担任代表职务的时候，由原选举单位或者由原选区选民补选。 |
| Article 24 The organs of self-government of autonomous regions, autonomousprefectures and autonomous counties shall, in addition to exercising thefunctions and powers as specified by this Law, exercise the power of autonomywithin the limit of their authority as prescribed by law. | | 第二十四条 自治区、自治州、自治县的自治机关除行使本法规定的职权外，依照法律规定的权限行使自治权。 |
| Chapter 3: The StandingCommittees of Local People's Congresses at and Above the County Level | | 第三章 县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会常务委员会 |
| Article 25 Standing committees shall be established by the people'scongresses of provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under theCentral Government, autonomous prefectures, counties, autonomous counties,cities and municipal districts. | | 第二十五条 省、自治区、直辖市、自治州、县、自治县、市、市辖区的人民代表大会设立常务委员会。 |
| The standing committee of a local people's congress at or above the countylevel shall be a permanent organ of that people's congress and shall beresponsible and report on its work to it. | | 县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会常务委员会是本级人民代表大会的常设机关，对本级人民代表大会负责并报告工作。 |
| Article 26 The standing committee of a local people's congress at or abovethe county level shall be coosed of a chairman, vice-chairmen and members to beelected by that people's congress from among its deputies. | | 第二十六条 县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会常务委员会由本级人民代表大会在代表中选举主任一人、副主任若干人和委员若干人组成。 |
| No one on thestanding committee may concurrently hold office in the people's government,people's court and people's procuratorate at the same level. | | 常务委员会的组成人员不得担任国家行政机关、审判机关和检察机关的职务；如果担任上述职务，必须向常务委员会辞去常务委员会的职务。 |
| The number of members on the various standing committees shall be as follows: | | 常务委员会组成人员的名额： |
| (1) 35 to 65 members for those of provinces, autonomous regions, andmunicipalities directly under the Central Government and no more than 85members for those of provinces with extremely large populations; | | （一）省、自治区、直辖市三十五人至六十五人，人口特多的省不超过八十五人； |
| (2) 13 to 35 members for those of autonomous prefectures, and cities, and nomore than 45 members for cities with extremely large populations; | | （二）自治州、市十三人至三十五人，人口特多的市不超过四十五人； |
| (3) 11 to 19 members for those of counties, autonomous counties, andmunicipal districts and no more than 29 members for those of counties ormunicipal districts with extremely large populations. | | （三）县、自治县、市辖区十一人至十九人，人口特多的县、市辖区不超过二十九人。 |
| Article 27 The standing committees of the people's congresses of provinces,autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Governmentmay, when their respective people's congresses are not in session, formulateand promulgate local regulations in accordance with the specific conditions andactual needs of their respective administrative areas, provided that theseregulations do not contravene the Constitution, the law, policies, decreesor administrative orders of the state; they shall report such local regulationsto the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress and the StateCouncil for the record. | | 第二十七条 省、自治区、直辖市的人民代表大会常务委员会在本级人民代表大会闭会期间，根据本行政区域的具体情况和实际需要，在和国家宪法、法律、政策、法令、政令不抵触的前提下，可以制订和颁布地方性法规，并报全国人民代表大会常务委员会和国务院备案。 |
The standing committees of the people'scongresses of cities where the provincial and autonomous regional people'sgovernments are located and the standing committees of the people's congressesof those relatively large cities with the approval of the State Council maydraw up drafts of local regulations needed in their respective cities andsubmit them to the standing committees of the people's congresses of therespective provinces and autonomous regions for deliberation and enactment andalso for submission to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congressand the State Council for the record. | | 省、自治区的人民政府所在地的市和经国务院批准的较大的市的人民代表大会常务委员会，可以拟订本市需要的地方性法规草案，提请省、自治区的人民代表大会常务委员会审议制定，并报全国人民代表大会常务委员会和国务院备案。 |
| Article 28 The standing committee of a local people's congress at or abovethe county level shall exercise the following functions and powers: | | 第二十八条 县级以上的地方各级人民代表大会常务委员会行使下列职权： |
| (1) to direct or conduct the election of deputies to its people's congress; | | （一）领导或者主持本级人民代表大会代表的选举； |
| (2) to convene sessions of its congress; | | （二）召集本级人民代表大会会议； |
| (3) to discuss and decide on major issues in political, economic, cultural,educational, public health, civil and nationality affairs in its administrativearea; | | （三）讨论、决定本行政区域的政治、经济、文化、教育、卫生、民政、民族工作的重大事项； |
| (4) to decide, upon the recommendation of the people's government at thecorresponding level, to make partial alterations in the national economic plansand budgets of its administrative area; | | （四）根据本级人民政府的建议，决定对本行政区域国民经济计划和预算的部分变更； |
| (5) to supervise the work of the people's government, people's court andpeople's procuratorate at the corresponding level, to maintain contact with thedeputies of its people's congress and to receive and handle accusations andcomplaints from the people against the abovementioned organs and state functionaries; | | （五）监督本级人民政府、人民法院和人民检察院的工作，联系本级人民代表大会代表，受理人民群众对上述机关和国家工作人员的申诉和意见； |
| (6) to alter or annul inappropriate resolutions of the people's congress atthe next lower level; | | （六）改变或者撤销下一级人民代表大会的不适当的决议； |
| (7) to decide on the appointment or removal of deputy governors,vice-chairmen of the autonomous region, deputy mayors, deputy prefects anddeputy heads of the county or district when its people's congress is not insession; and to decide on the choice of a person to act on behalf of thegovernor, chairman of an autonomous region, mayor, prefect or head of a countyor district when the latter is, for any reason, unable to perform his duties; | | （七）在本级人民代表大会闭会期间，决定副省长、自治区副主席、副市长、副州长、副县长、副区长的个别任免；在省长、自治区主席、市长、州长、县长、区长因故不能担任职务的时候，决定代理的人选； |
| (8) to decide on the appointment or removal of the secretary-general and thedepartment and bureau directors, commission chairmen and section chiefs of thepeople's government at the corresponding level and to report such decisions tothe people's government at the next higher level for the record; | | （八）决定本级人民政府秘书长、厅长、局长、主任、科长的任免，报上一级人民政府备案； |
| (9) to appoint or remove, in accordance with the provisions of the Organic Lawof the People's Courts and the Organic Law of the People's Procuratorates,vice-presidents, chief judges and associate chief judged of divisions, membersof the judicial committees and judges of the people's courts, and to appoint orremove or approve the appointment or removal of deputy chief procurators,members of the procuratorial committees and procurators of the people'sprocuratorates; | | （九）按照人民法院组织法和人民检察院组织法的规定，任免人民法院副院长、庭长、副庭长、审判委员会委员、审判员，任免或者批准任免人民检察院副检察长、检察委员会委员、检察员； |
| (10) to conduct a by-election, when its people's congress is not in session,in the event that a post of deputy to the people's congress at the next higherlevel becomes vacant and to replace individual deputies; and | | （十）在本级人民代表大会闭会期间，补选上一级人民代表大会出缺的代表和撤换个别代表； |
| (11) to decide on the conferment of local titles of honour. | | （十一）决定授予地方的荣誉称号。 |
| Article 29 Meetings of a standing committee shall be convened by itschairman and held at least once every other month. | | 第二十九条 常务委员会会议由主任召集，每两个月至少举行一次。 |
| Resolutions of a standing committee shall be adopted by a majority vote of allits members. | | 常务委员会的决议，由常务委员会以全体组成人员的过半数通过。 |
A council of the chairmen composed of thechairman and vice-chairmen of the standing committee shall handle the importantday-to-day work of the standing committee. | | 常务委员会主任、副主任组成主任会议，处理常务委员会的重要日常工作。 |
| Article 30 Standing committees may set up administrative offices accordingto their needs in work. | | 第三十条 常务委员会根据工作需要，设立办事机构。 |
| Chapter 4: Local People'sGovernment at Various Levels | | 第四章 地方各级人民政府 |
| Article 31 Local people's governments at various levels shall be theexecutive organs of the local people's congresses at the corresponding levels;they shall be the local organs of state administration. | | 第三十一条 地方各级人民政府，是地方各级人民代表大会的执行机关，是地方各级国家行政机关。 |
| Article 32 Local people's governments at various levels shall be responsibleand report on their work to the people's congresses at the corresponding levelsand to the state administrative organs at the next higher level. Local people'sgovernments at or above the county level shall be responsible and report ontheir work to the standing committees of the people's congresses at thecorresponding levels when the congresses are not in session. | | 第三十二条 地方各级人民政府都对本级人民代表大会和上一级国家行政机关负责并报告工作。县级以上的地方各级人民政府在本级人民代表大会闭会期间，对本级人民代表大会常务委员会负责并报告工作。 |
| The local people's governments at various levels throughout the country shallbe state administrative organs under the unified leadership of the StateCouncil and shall be subordinate to it. | | 全国地方各级人民政府都是国务院统一领导下的国家行政机关，都服从国务院。 |
| Article 33 The people's government of a province, autonomous region, ormunicipality directly under the Central Government shall be respectivelycomposed of the governor and deputy governors, the chairman and vice-chairmenof the autonomous region; or the mayor and deputy mayors, and additionally thesecretary-general, department directors, bureau directors and commissionchairmen. | | 第三十三条 省、自治区、直辖市的人民政府分别由省长、副省长，自治区主席、副主席，市长、副市长和秘书长、厅长、局长、委员会主任等组成。 |
| The people's government of an autonomous prefecture, county, autonomous county,city or municipal district shall be respectively composed of the prefect anddeputy prefects, the head and deputy heads of the county, the mayor and deputymayors, or the head and deputy heads of the district, and additionally thebureau directors and section chiefs. | | 自治州、县、自治县、市、市辖区的人民政府分别由州长、副州长，县长、副县长，市长、副市长，区长、副区长和局长、科长等组成。 |
| The people's government of a town shall have a town head and deputy heads. Themanagement committee of a township and nationality township shall be composedof a director, deputy directors and members. | | 乡、民族乡人民政府设乡长、副乡长。镇人民政府设镇长、副镇长。 |
| Article 34 The term of office of the people's governments of provinces,autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government,autonomous prefectures, and cities divided into districts shall be five years.The term of office of the people's governments of counties, autonomouscounties, cities not divided into districts, municipal districts, townships,nationality townships, and towns shall be three years. | | 第三十四条 省、自治区、直辖市、自治州、设区的市的人民政府每届任期五年。县、自治县、不设区的市、市辖区、乡、民族乡、镇的人民政府每届任期三年。 |
| Article 35 A local people's government at or above the county level shallexercise the following functions and powers: | | 第三十五条 县级以上的地方各级人民政府行使下列职权： |
| (1) to implement the resolutions of the people's congress and its standingcommittee at the corresponding level as well as the resolutions and orders ofstate administrative organs at higher levels, formulate administrative measuresand issue resolutions and orders. The people's government of a province,autonomous region, municipality directly under the Central Government or citywhere a provincial or autonomous regional people's government is located maydraw up regulations in accordance with the law and the State Council'sadministrative rules and regulations; with the approval of the State Council,the people's governments of a relatively large city may do the same | | （一）执行本级人民代表大会和它的常务委员会的决议，以及上级国家行政机关的决议和命令，规定行政措施，发布决议和命令。省、自治区、直辖市以及省、自治区的人民政府所在地的市和经国务院批准的较大的市的人民政府，还可以根据法律和国务院的行政法规，制定规章； |
| (2) to direct the work of its subordinate departments and of the people'sgovernments at lower levels; | | （二）领导所属各工作部门和下级人民政府的工作； |
| (3) to alter or annul inappropriate orders and directives of its subordinatedepartments and inappropriate resolutions and orders of the people'sgovernments at lower levels; | | （三）改变或者撤销所属各工作部门的不适当的命令、指示和下级人民政府的不适当的决议、命令； |
| (4) to appoint or remove personnel in state organs and award or punish themaccording to the provisions of the law; | | （四）依照法律的规定任免和奖惩国家机关工作人员； |
| (5) to implement its economic plans and budgets and administer the work ofeconomic and cultural development, civil affairs, public security and othersuch work in its administrative area; | | （五）执行经济计划和预算，管理本行政区域内经济、文化建设和民政、公安等工作； |
| (6) to protect the socialist property owned by the whole people, propertyowned collectively by working people and citizens legitimate private propertyand to maintain public order and safeguard citizens rights of the person andtheir democratic and other rights; | | （六）保护社会主义的全民所有的财产和劳动群众集体所有的财产，保护公民私人所有的合法财产，维护社会秩序，保障公民的人身权利、民主权利和其他权利； |
| (7) to safeguard the proper decision-making power of the basic accountingunits of township and nationality townships; | | （七）保障农村集体经济组织应有的自主权； |
| (8) to safeguard the rights of minority nationalities and respect theirfolkways and customs. A provincial people's government shall also assist thoseareas where minority nationalities live in concentrated communities within itssphere of jurisdiction to exercise regional autonomy, and it shall assist thevarious minority nationalities in their political, economic and culturaldevelopment; | | （八）保障少数民族的权利和尊重少数民族的风俗习惯，省人民政府并且帮助本省各少数民族聚居的地方实行区域自治，帮助各少数民族发展政治、经济和文化的建设事业； |
| (9) to safeguard women's political rights, rights to work and to receiveequal pay for equal work and other rights equal to those of men; and | | （九）保障妇女同男子有平等的政治权利、劳动权利、同工同酬和其他权利； |
| (10) to handle other matters assigned by state administrative organs athigher levels. | | （十）办理上级国家行政机关交办的其他事项。 |
| Article 36 The management committee of a township and nationality townshipand the people's government of a town shall exercise the following functionsand powers: | | 第三十六条 乡、民族乡、镇的人民政府行使下列职权： |
| (1) to implement the resolutions of the people's congress at thecorresponding level and the resolutions and orders of state administrativeorgans at higher levels and to issue resolutions and orders; | | （一）执行本级人民代表大会的决议和上级国家行政机关的决议和命令，发布决议和命令； |
| (2) to direct the election of deputies to the people's congress at thecorresponding level; | | （二）领导本级人民代表大会代表的选举； |
| (3) to convene sessions of the people's congress at the corresponding level; | | （三）召集本级人民代表大会会议； |
| (4) to administer the work of economic and cultural development, civilaffairs, public security and other such work in its administrative area; | | （四）管理本行政区域内经济、文化建设和民政、公安等工作； |
| (5) to protect the socialist property owned by the whole people, propertyowned collectively by working people and citizens' legitimate private propertyand to maintain public order and safeguard citizens' rights of the person andtheir democratic and other rights; | | （五）保护社会主义的全民所有的财产和劳动群众集体所有的财产，保护公民私人所有的合法财产，维护社会秩序，保障公民的人身权利、民主权利和其他权利； |
| (6) to safeguard the proper decision-making power of the basic accountingunit of a township and nationality township; | | （六）保障农村集体经济组织应有的自主权； |
| (7) to safeguard the rights of minority nationalities and respect theirfolkways and customs; | | （七）保障少数民族的权利和尊重少数民族的风俗习惯； |
| (8) to safeguard women's political rights, rights to work and to receiveequal pay for equal work and other rights equal to those of men; and | | （八）保障妇女同男子有平等的政治权利、劳动权利、同工同酬和其他权利； |
| (9) to handle other matters assigned by the people's governments at higherlevels. | | （九）办理上级人民政府交办的其他事项。 |
| Article 37 Overall responsibility for the work of local people's governmentsat various levels shall be assumed respectively by governors, chairmen ofautonomous regions, mayors, prefects and heads of counties, districts,townships and towns. | | 第三十七条 地方各级人民政府分别实行省长、自治区主席、市长、州长、县长、区长、乡长、镇长负责制。 |
The governors, chairmen of autonomousregions, mayors, prefects, heads of counties, districts and towns shall directthe work of their local people's governments at the corresponding levels. Thedirectors of township and nationality townships shall direct the work of themanagement committees. | | 省长、自治区主席、市长、州长、县长、区长、乡长、镇长分别主持地方各级人民政府的工作。 |
| Article 38 Local people's governments at various levels shall establishnecessary working offices in accordance with work requirements and theprinciple of compact and efficient organization. | | 第三十八条 地方各级人民政府根据工作需要和精干的原则，设立必要的工作部门。 |
| The establishment, increase, reduction or amalgamation of such working officesas departments, bureaus and commissions under people's governments ofprovinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the CentralGovernment shall be reported by the respective people's governments to theState Council for approval. | | 省、自治区、直辖市的人民政府的厅、局、委员会等工作部门的设立、增加、减少或者合并，由本级人民政府报请国务院批准。 |
| The establishment, increase, reduction or amalgamation of such working officesas bureaus and sections under people's governments of autonomous prefectures,counties, autonomous counties, cities and municipal districts shall be reportedby the respective people's governments to the people's governments at the nexthigher level for approval. | | 自治州、县、自治县、市、市辖区的人民政府的局、科等工作部门的设立、增加、减少或者合并，由本级人民政府报请上一级人民政府批准。 |
| Article 39Each department, bureau, commission and section shall have adepartment director, bureau director, commission chairman and section chief,respectively, and may have deputies to those positions when necessary. | | 第三十九条 各厅、局、委员会、科分别设厅长、局长、主任、科长，在必要的时候可以设副职。 |
| A general office shall have a director and, when necessary, deputy directors. | | 办公厅、办公室设主任，在必要的时候可以设副主任。 |
| The people's government of a province, autonomous region, municipality directlyunder the Central Government, autonomous prefecture, or city divided intodistricts shall have a secretary-general and deputy secretaries-general. | | 省、自治区、直辖市、自治州、设区的市的人民政府设秘书长一人，副秘书长若干人。 |
| Article 40 The working offices of the people's governments of provinces,autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Governmentshall be under the unified leadership of their respective people's governmentsas well as the leadership or operational guidance of competent departments ofthe State Council. | | 第四十条 省、自治区、直辖市的人民政府的各工作部门受人民政府统一领导，并且受国务院主管部门的领导或者业务指导。 |
| The working offices of the people's governments of autonomous prefectures,counties, autonomous counties, cities and municipal districts shall be underthe unified leadership of their respective people's governments as well as theleadership or operational guidance of competent departments of the people'sgovernments at higher levels. | | 自治州、县、自治县、市、市辖区的人民政府的各工作部门受人民政府统一领导，并且受上级人民政府主管部门的领导或者业务指导。 |
| Article 41 The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions,municipalities directly under the Central Government, autonomous prefectures,counties, autonomous counties, cities and municipal districts shall assist inthe work of the state organs, enterprises and institutions that are located intheir respective administrative areas but not under their jurisdiction, andshall supervise them in the observance and implementation of laws, decrees andpolicies. | | 第四十一条 省、自治区、直辖市、自治州、县、自治县、市、市辖区的人民政府应当协助设立在本行政区域内不属于自己管理的国家机关、企业、事业单位进行工作，并且监督它们遵守和执行法律、法令和政策。 |
| Article 42 When necessary and with the approval of the State Council, thepeople's government of a province or autonomous region may establish specialadministrative offices as their agencies. | | 第四十二条 省、自治区的人民政府在必要的时候，经国务院批准，可以设立若干行政公署，作为它的派出机关。 |
| When necessary and with the approval of the people's government of a province,autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government, thepeople's government of a county or autonomous county may establish districtoffices as its agencies. | | 县、自治县的人民政府在必要的时候，经省、自治区、直辖市的人民政府批准，可以设立若干区公所，作为它的派出机关。 |
| With the approval of the people's government at the next higher level, thepeople's government of a municipal district or city not divided into districtsmay establish neighborhood offices as its agencies. | | 市辖区、不设区的市的人民政府，经上一级人民政府批准，可以设立若干街道办事处，作为它的派出机关。 |
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