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Convention on Choice of Court Agreements [Effective]
选择法院协议公约 [现行有效]
【法宝引证码】

Convention on Choice of Court Agreements

 

选择法院协议公约

The States Parties to the present Convention, 本公约缔约国,
Desiring to promote international trade and investment through enhanced judicial co-operation, 希望通过加强司法合作增进国际贸易和投资,
Believing that such co-operation can be enhanced by uniform rules on jurisdiction and on recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments in civil or commercial matters, 相信在民商事项的管辖和外国判决承认与执行上统一规则能够加强这种合作,
Believing that such enhanced co-operation requires in particular an international legal regime that provides certainty and ensures the effectiveness of exclusive choice of court agreements between parties to commercial transactions and that governs the recognition and enforcement of judgments resulting from proceedings based on such agreements, 相信增进这种合作尤其需要国际法律机制提供确定性,并保障商业交易当事人达成的排他性选择法院协议的有效性以及根据这种协议进行诉讼产生的判决的承认和执行,
Have resolved to conclude this Convention and have agreed upon the following provisions 兹决定缔结本公约,并议定下列条款:
CHAPTER I – SCOPE AND DEFINITIONS 

第一章 范围和定义

Article 1 nbsp;Scope   第一条 范围
(1) This Convention shall apply in international cases to exclusive choice of court agreements concluded in civil or commercial matters. 一、本公约适用于国际案件中就民事或者商事事项签订的排他性选择法院协议。
(2) For the purposes of Chapter II, a case is international unless the parties are resident in the same Contracting State and the relationship of the parties and all other elements relevant to the dispute, regardless of the location of the chosen court, are connected only with that State. 二、为第二章的目的,除非当事人均在同一缔约国居住并且当事人的关系以及与争议有关的所有其他因素,无论被选择法院的所在地,均只与该国有关,一起案件就是国际性的。
(3) For the purposes of Chapter III, a case is international where recognition or enforcement of a foreign judgment is sought. 三、为第三章的目的,只要寻求承认和执行一项外国判决,一起案件就是国际性的。
Article 2 nbsp;Exclusions from scope   第二条 范围的排除
(1) This Convention shall not apply to exclusive choice of court agreements – 一、公约不适用于下列排他性选择法院协议:
a) to which a natural person acting primarily for personal, family or household purposes (a consumer) is a party; (一)自然人主要为个人、家庭或者家务目的(消费者)作为协议的一方;
b) relating to contracts of employment, including collective agreements. (二)涉及雇佣合同,包括集体协议。
(2) This Convention shall not apply to the following matters – 二、本公约不适用于下述事项:
a) the status and legal capacity of natural persons; (一)自然人的身份及法律能力;
b) maintenance obligations; (二)扶养义务;
c) other family law matters, including matrimonial property regimes and other rights or obligations arising out of marriage or similar relationships; (三)其他家庭法事项,包括婚姻财产制度以及由婚姻或者类似关系产生的其他权利义务;
d) wills and succession; (四)遗嘱与继承;
e) insolvency, composition and analogous matters; (五)破产、破产和解及类似事项;
f) the carriage of passengers and goods; (六)运输旅客和货物;
g) marine pollution, limitation of liability for maritime claims, general average, and emergency towage and salvage; (七)海洋污染,海事诉讼的责任限制,共同海损以及紧急拖船和救助;
h) anti-trust (competition) matters; (八)反托拉斯(竞争)事项;
i) liability for nuclear damage; (九)核损害的责任;
j) claims for personal injury brought by or on behalf of natural persons; (十)自然人或者其代表提起的人身伤害诉讼;
k) tort or delict claims for damage to tangible property that do not arise from a contractual relationship; (十一)非因合同关系产生的侵权或者不当行为对有形财产造成的损害;
l) rights in rem in immovable property, and tenancies of immovable property; (十二)不动产物权以及不动产租赁权;
m) the validity, nullity, or dissolution of legal persons, and the validity of decisions of their organs; (十三)法人的效力、无效或者解散,以及其机关所作决定的效力;
n) the validity of intellectual property rights other than copyright and related rights; (十四)著作权和邻接权以外的知识产权的有效性;
o) infringement of intellectual property rights other than copyright and related rights, except where infringement proceedings are brought for breach of a contract between the parties relating to such rights, or could have been brought for breach of that contract; (十五)侵犯除版权和邻接权以外的知识产权,但有关侵权诉讼是因违反当事人间与此种权利有关的合同提起或者可以提起的除外;
p) the validity of entries in public registers. (十六)公共登记项目的有效性。
(3) Notwithstanding paragraph 2, proceedings are not excluded from the scope of this Convention where a matter excluded under that paragraph arises merely as a preliminary question and not as an object of the proceedings. In particular, the mere fact that a matter excluded under paragraph 2 arises by way of defence does not exclude proceedings from the Convention, if that matter is not an object of the proceedings. 三、虽有第二款的规定,如果根据该款排除的事项仅仅作为初步问题而不是作为诉讼目的,则有关诉讼不排除在本公约适用范围之外。特别是有关诉讼不能仅因根据第二款排除的事项以抗辩的方式提出就排除在本公约范围之外,如果该事项不是诉讼目的的话。
(4) This Convention shall not apply to arbitration and related proceedings. 四、本公约不适用于仲裁和相关程序。
(5) Proceedings are not excluded from the scope of this Convention by the mere fact that a State, including a government, a governmental agency or any person acting for a State, is a party thereto. 五、不能仅因为当事一方是国家,包括政府、政府机构或者任何代表国家行事的人这一事实,就将有关诉讼排除在本公约适用范围之外。
(6) Nothing in this Convention shall affect privileges and immunities of States or of international organisations, in respect of themselves and of their property. 六、本公约的任何规定不应影响国家或者国际组织自身及其财产所享有的特权和豁免。
Article 3 nbsp;Exclusive choice of court agreements   第三条 排他性选择法院协议
For the purposes of this Convention – 为本公约的目的:
a) “exclusive choice of court agreement” means an agreement concluded by two or more parties that meets the requirements of paragraph c) and designates, for the purpose of deciding disputes which have arisen or may arise in connection with a particular legal relationship, the courts of one Contracting State or one or more specific courts of one Contracting State to the exclusion of the jurisdiction of any other courts; (一)“排他性选择法院协议”系指双方或者多方当事人签订的、符合第(三)项要求、为解决与某一特定法律关系有关的、已经或者可能发生的争议,而指定某个缔约国的法院或者某个缔约国的一个或者多个特定法院并排除任何其他法院管辖的协议;
b) a choice of court agreement which designates the courts of one Contracting State or one or more specific courts of one Contracting State shall be deemed to be exclusive unless the parties have expressly provided otherwise; (二)除非当事人另有明示约定,指定某个缔约国的法院或者某个缔约国的一个或者多个特定法院的法院选择协议应被视为排他性的;
c) an exclusive choice of court agreement must be concluded or documented – (三)一项排他性选择法院协议必须用以下方式缔结或者以文件形式证明:
i) in writing; or 1.以书面形式;或者
ii) by any other means of communication which renders information accessible so as to be usable for subsequent reference; 2.以其他任何联系方式,且该方式能提供可获取的信息,使其日后可予使用;
d) an exclusive choice of court agreement that forms part of a contract shall be treated as an agreement independent of the other terms of the contract. The validity of the exclusive choice of court agreement cannot be contested solely on the ground that the contract is not valid. (四)构成合同一部分的排他性选择法院协议应被视为独立于合同其他条款的一项协议。排他性选择法院协议的有效性不能仅因合同无效而受到影响。
Article 4 nbsp;Other definitions   第四条 其他定义
(1) In this Convention, “judgment” means any decision on the merits given by a court, whatever it may be called, including a decree or order, and a determination of costs or expenses by the court (including an officer of the court), provided that the determination relates to a decision on the merits which may be recognised or enforced under this Convention. An interim measure of protection is not a judgment. 一、本公约中,“判决”系指法院就实质问题作出的任何决定,不论其如何称谓,包括裁定或者命令,以及法院(包括法院官员)对开支或者费用的决定,只要此种决定与实质问题有关且可根据本公约得到承认或者执行。临时性保护措施不属判决。
(2) For the purposes of this Convention, an entity or person other than a natural person shall be considered to be resident in the State – 二、为本公约的目的,除自然人以外的其他人或者实体应被视为在下列国家居住:
a) where it has its statutory seat; (一)其法定住所所在地;
b) under whose law it was incorporated or formed; (二)其成立或者组建时依据的法律所属国;
c) where it has its central administration; or (三)其管理中心所在地;
d) where it has its principal place of business. (四)其主营业所所在地。
CHAPTER II – JURISDICTION 

第二章 管辖权

Article 5 nbsp;Jurisdiction of the chosen court   第五条 被选择法院的管辖权
(1) The court or courts of a Contracting State designated in an exclusive choice of court agreement shall have jurisdiction to decide a dispute to which the agreement applies, unless the agreement is null and void under the law of that State. 一、在一项排他性选择法院协议中指定的某缔约国的一个或者多个法院对于该协议适用的争议有管辖权,除非根据该国法律该协议是无效的。
(2) A court that has jurisdiction under paragraph 1 shall not decline to exercise jurisdiction on the ground that the dispute should be decided in a court of another State. 二、根据第一款享有管辖权的法院不应以该争议应由另一国家的法院审理为由拒绝行使管辖权。
(3) The preceding paragraphs shall not affect rules – 三、前款规定不应影响下列规则:
a) on jurisdiction related to subject matter or to the value of the claim; (一)诉讼标的或者请求数额的管辖权;
b) on the internal allocation of jurisdiction among the courts of a Contracting State. However, where the chosen court has discretion as to whether to transfer a case, due consideration should be given to the choice of the parties. (二)缔约国法院管辖权的国内分配。但是,当被选择法院有权自行裁量是否移送某一案件时,当事人的选择应予适当考虑。
Article 6 nbsp;Obligations of a court not chosen   第六条 未被选择法院的义务
A court of a Contracting State other than that of the chosen court shall suspend or dismiss proceedings to which an exclusive choice of court agreement applies unless – 被选择法院以外的缔约国法院应当中止或者放弃排他性选择法院协议适用的诉讼程序,除非:
a) the agreement is null and void under the law of the State of the chosen court; (一)根据被选择法院所在地国家的法律,该协议是无效的;
b) a party lacked the capacity to conclude the agreement under the law of the State of the court seised; (二)根据受理案件的法院所在地国家的法律,一方当事人缺乏缔结该协议的能力;
c) giving effect to the agreement would lead to a manifest injustice or would be manifestly contrary to the public policy of the State of the court seised; (三)承认该协议有效将导致明显的不公正或者明显违背受理案件法院所在地国家的公共政策;
d) for exceptional reasons beyond the control of the parties, the agreement cannot reasonably be performed; or (四)基于当事人不可控制的例外原因,该协议不能合理得到履行;
e) the chosen court has decided not to hear the case. (五)被选择法院已决定不审理该案。
Article 7 cle 7 Interim measures of protection   第七条 临时保护措施
Interim measures of protection are not governed by this Convention. This Convention neither requires nor precludes the grant, refusal or termination of interim measures of protection by a court of a Contracting State and does not affect whether or not a party may request or a court should grant, refuse or terminate such measures. 本公约不适用于临时保护措施问题。本公约既不要求也不禁止缔约国法院准许、拒绝或者撤销临时保护措施,也不影响一方当事人是否可以请求或者法院应否准许、拒绝或者撤销该种措施。
CHAPTER III – RECOGNITION AND ENFORCEMENT 

第三章 承认和执行

Article 8 nbsp;Recognition and enforcement   第八条 承认和执行
(1) A judgment given by a court of a Contracting State designated in an exclusive choice of court agreement shall be recognised and enforced in other Contracting States in accordance with this Chapter. Recognition or enforcement may be refused only on the grounds specified in this Convention. 一、排他性选择法院协议指定的缔约国法院作出的判决,应当根据本章规定在其他缔约国得到承认和执行。承认或者执行仅可根据本公约规定的理由拒绝。
(2) Without prejudice to such review as is necessary for the application of the provisions of this Chapter, there shall be no review of the merits of the judgment given by the court of origin. The court addressed shall be bound by the findings of fact on which the court of origin based its jurisdiction, unless the judgment was given by default. 二、在不影响为适用本章规定所必要的审查的前提下,不应对原审法院作出的判决的实质问题进行审查。除非判决是缺席作出的,被请求法院应受原审法院就确立其管辖权所基于的事实认定的约束。
(3) A judgment shall be recognised only if it has effect in the State of origin, and shall be enforced only if it is enforceable in the State of origin. 三、一项判决只有在原审国是有效的才应得到承认,并且只有在原审国是可执行的才应得到执行。
(4) Recognition or enforcement may be postponed or refused if the judgment is the subject of review in the State of origin or if the time limit for seeking ordinary review has not expired. A refusal does not prevent a subsequent application for recognition or enforcement of the judgment. 四、如果判决在原审国是复审的对象,或者申请一般性复审的时限未过,可以推迟或者拒绝承认或者执行。拒绝并不妨碍此后申请承认或者执行该判决。
(5) This Article shall also apply to a judgment given by a court of a Contracting State pursuant to a transfer of the case from the chosen court in that Contracting State as permitted by Article 5, paragraph 3. However, where the chosen court had discretion as to whether to transfer the case to another court, recognition or enforcement of the judgment may be refused against a party who objected to the transfer in a timely manner in the State of origin. 五、本条应当同样适用于第五条第三款所准许的、所选择的缔约国法院将案件移送给该缔约国另一法院所作出的判决。但是,当所选择的法院有权自由决定是否将案件移送另一法院,而当事人一方在原审国及时就移交案件提出异议的,可以拒绝承认或者执行针对该当事人的判决。
Article 9 nbsp;Refusal of recognition or enforcement   第九条 承认或者执行的拒绝
Recognition or enforcement may be refused if – 承认或者执行可以被拒绝,如果:
a) the agreement was null and void under the law of the State of the chosen court, unless the chosen court has determined that the agreement is valid; (一)该协议根据被选择法院国法律是无效的,除非被选择法院已确定该协议是有效的;
b) a party lacked the capacity to conclude the agreement under the law of the requested State; (二)根据被请求国法律,一方当事人缺乏缔结该协议的能力;
c) the document which instituted the proceedings or an equivalent document, including the essential elements of the claim, (三)提起诉讼的文书或者同等文件,包括请求的基本要素:
i) was not notified to the defendant in sufficient time and in such a way as to enable him to arrange for his defence, unless the defendant entered an appearance and presented his case without contesting notification in the court of origin, provided that the law of the State of origin permitted notification to be contested; or 1.没有在足够的时间内以一定方式通知被告使其能够安排答辩,除非被告在原审法院出庭并答辩,且在原审国法律允许就通知提出异议的条件下,被告未就原审法庭的通知问题提出异议;
ii) was notified to the defendant in the requested State in a manner that is incompatible with fundamental principles of the requested State concerning service of documents; 2.在被请求国通知被告的方式与被请求国有关文书送达的基本原则不符;
d) the judgment was obtained by fraud in connection with a matter of procedure; (四)该判决是通过与程序事项有关的欺诈获得的;
e) recognition or enforcement would be manifestly incompatible with the public policy of the requested State, including situations where the specific proceedings leading to the judgment were incompatible with fundamental principles of procedural fairness of that State; (五)承认或者执行将会与被请求国的公共政策明显相悖,包括导致该判决的具体诉讼程序不符合被请求国程序公正基本原则的情形;
f) the judgment is inconsistent with a judgment given in the requested State in a dispute between the same parties; or
......
 (六)该判决与被请求国就相同当事人间争议作出的判决相冲突;
......

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