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Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions [Not Yet Effective]
保护和促进文化表现形式多样性公约 [尚未生效]
【法宝引证码】

Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the Diversity of Cultural Expressions

 

保护和促进文化表现形式多样性公约

(October 20, 2005) (2005年10月20日联合国教育、科学及文化组织第三十三届会议通过 2007年1月30日,中国常驻联合国教科文组织代表团向联合国教科文组织递交了批准书,《公约》将于2007年4月30日对中国生效。)

Introduction 序言
The General Conference of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, meeting in Paris from 3 to 21 October 2005 at its 33rd session, 联合国教育、科学及文化组织大会于2005年10月3日至21日在巴黎举行第三十三届会议,
1. Affirming that cultural diversity is a defining characteristic of humanity, (一)确认文化多样性是人类的一项基本特性,
2. Conscious that cultural diversity forms a common heritage of humanity and should be cherished and preserved for the benefit of all, (二)认识到文化多样性是人类的共同遗产,应当为了全人类的利益对其加以珍爱和维护,
3. Being aware that cultural diversity creates a rich and varied world, which increases the range of choices and nurtures human capacities and values, and therefore is a mainspring for sustainable development for communities, peoples and nations, (三)意识到文化多样性创造了一个多姿多彩的世界,它使人类有了更多的选择,得以提高自己的能力和形成价值观,并因此成为各社区、各民族和各国可持续发展的一股主要推动力,
4. Recalling that cultural diversity, flourishing within a framework of democracy, tolerance, social justice and mutual respect between peoples and cultures, is indispensable for peace and security at the local, national and international levels, (四)忆及在民主、宽容、社会公正以及各民族和各文化间相互尊重的环境中繁荣发展起来的文化多样性对于地方、国家和国际层面的和平与安全是不可或缺的,
5. Celebrating the importance of cultural diversity for the full realization of human rights and fundamental freedoms proclaimed in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other universally recognized instruments, (五)颂扬文化多样性对充分实现《世界人权宣言》和其他公认的文书主张的人权和基本自由所具有的重要意义,
6. Emphasizing the need to incorporate culture as a strategic element in national and international development policies, as well as in international development cooperation, taking into account also the United Nations Millennium Declaration (2000) with its special emphasis on poverty eradication, (六)强调需要把文化作为一个战略要素纳入国家和国际发展政策,以及国际发展合作之中,同时也要考虑特别强调消除贫困的《联合国千年宣言》(2000年),
7. Taking into account that culture takes diverse forms across time and space and that this diversity is embodied in the uniqueness and plurality of the identities and cultural expressions of the peoples and societies making up humanity, (七)考虑到文化在不同时间和空间具有多样形式,这种多样性体现为人类各民族和各社会文化特征和文化表现形式的独特性和多元性,
8. Recognizing the importance of traditional knowledge as a source of intangible and material wealth, and in particular the knowledge systems of indigenous peoples, and its positive contribution to sustainable development, as well as the need for its adequate protection and promotion, (八)承认作为非物质和物质财富来源的传统知识的重要性,特别是原住民知识体系的重要性,其对可持续发展的积极贡献,及其得到充分保护和促进的需要,
9. Recognizing the need to take measures to protect the diversity of cultural expressions, including their contents, especially in situations where cultural expressions may be threatened by the possibility of extinction or serious impairment, (九)认识到需要采取措施保护文化表现形式连同其内容的多样性,特别是当文化表现形式有可能遭到灭绝或受到严重损害时,
10. Emphasizing the importance of culture for social cohesion in general, and in particular its potential for the enhancement of the status and role of women in society, (十)强调文化对社会凝聚力的重要性,尤其是对提高妇女的社会地位、发挥其社会作用所具有的潜在影响力,
11. Being aware that cultural diversity is strengthened by the free flow of ideas, and that it is nurtured by constant exchanges and interaction between cultures, (十一)意识到文化多样性通过思想的自由交流得到加强,通过文化间的不断交流和互动得到滋养,
12. Reaffirming that freedom of thought, expression and information, as well as diversity of the media, enable cultural expressions to flourish within societies, (十二)重申思想、表达和信息自由以及传媒多样性使各种文化表现形式得以在社会中繁荣发展,
13. Recognizing that the diversity of cultural expressions, including traditional cultural expressions, is an important factor that allows individuals and peoples to express and to share with others their ideas and values, (十三)认识到文化表现形式,包括传统文化表现形式的多样性,是个人和各民族能够表达并同他人分享自己的思想和价值观的重要因素,
14. Recalling that linguistic diversity is a fundamental element of cultural diversity, and reaffirming the fundamental role that education plays in the protection and promotion of cultural expressions, (十四)忆及语言多样性是文化多样性的基本要素之一,并重申教育在保护和促进文化表现形式中发挥着重要作用,
15. Taking into account the importance of the vitality of cultures, including for persons belonging to minorities and indigenous peoples, as manifested in their freedom to create, disseminate and distribute their traditional cultural expressions and to have access thereto, so as to benefit them for their own development, (十五)考虑到文化活力的重要性,包括对少数民族和原住民人群中的个体的重要性,这种重要的活力体现为创造、传播、销售及获取其传统文化表现形式的自由,以有益于他们自身的发展,
16. Emphasizing the vital role of cultural interaction and creativity, which nurture and renew cultural expressions and enhance the role played by those involved in the development of culture for the progress of society at large, (十六)强调文化互动和文化创造力对滋养和革新文化表现形式所发挥的关键作用,他们也会增强那些为社会整体进步而参与文化发展的人们所发挥的作用,
17. Recognizing the importance of intellectual property rights in sustaining those involved in cultural creativity, (十七)认识到知识产权对支持文化创造的参与者具有重要意义,
18. Being convinced that cultural activities, goods and services have both an economic and a cultural nature, because they convey identities, values and meanings, and must therefore not be treated as solely having commercial value, (十八)确信传递着文化特征、价值观和意义的文化活动、产品与服务具有经济和文化双重性质,故不应视为仅具商业价值,
19. Noting that while the processes of globalization, which have been facilitated by the rapid development of information and communication technologies, afford unprecedented conditions for enhanced interaction between cultures, they also represent a challenge for cultural diversity, namely in view of risks of imbalances between rich and poor countries, (十九)注意到信息和传播技术飞速发展所推动的全球化进程为加强各种文化互动创造了前所未有的条件,但同时也对文化多样性构成挑战,尤其是可能在富国与穷国之间造成种种失衡,
20. Being aware of UNESCO's specific mandate to ensure respect for the diversity of cultures and to recommend such international agreements as may be necessary to promote the free flow of ideas by word and image, (二十)意识到联合国教科文组织肩负的特殊使命,即确保对文化多样性的尊重以及建议签订有助于推动通过语言和图像进行自由思想交流的各种国际协定,
21. Referring to the provisions of the international instruments adopted by UNESCO relating to cultural diversity and the exercise of cultural rights, and in particular the Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity of 2001, (二十一)根据联合国教科文组织通过的有关文化多样性和行使文化权利的各种国际文书的条款,特别是2001年通过的《世界文化多样性宣言》,
Adopts this Convention on 20 October 2005. 于2005年10月20日通过本公约。
I. Objectives and guiding principles 

第一章 目标与指导原则

Article 1-Objectives   第一条 目标
The objectives of this Convention are: 本公约的目标是:
1. to protect and promote the diversity of cultural expressions; (一)保护和促进文化表现形式的多样性;
2. to create the conditions for cultures to flourish and to freely interact in a mutually beneficial manner; (二)以互利的方式为各种文化的繁荣发展和自由互动创造条件;
3. to encourage dialogue among cultures with a view to ensuring wider and balanced cultural exchanges in the world in favour of intercultural respect and a culture of peace; (三)鼓励不同文化间的对话,以保证世界上的文化交流更广泛和均衡,促进不同文化间的相互尊重与和平文化建设;
4. to foster interculturality in order to develop cultural interaction in the spirit of building bridges among peoples; (四)加强文化间性,本着在各民族间架设桥梁的精神开展文化互动;
5. to promote respect for the diversity of cultural expressions and raise awareness of its value at the local, national and international levels; (五)促进地方、国家和国际层面对文化表现形式多样性的尊重,并提高对其价值的认识;
6. to reaffirm the importance of the link between culture and development for all countries, particularly for developing countries, and to support actions undertaken nationally and internationally to secure recognition of the true value of this link; (六)确认文化与发展之间的联系对所有国家,特别是对发展中国家的重要性,并支持为确保承认这种联系的真正价值而在国内和国际采取行动;
7. to give recognition to the distinctive nature of cultural activities, goods and services as vehicles of identity, values and meaning; (七)承认文化活动、产品与服务具有传递文化特征、价值观和意义的特殊性;
8. to reaffirm the sovereign rights of States to maintain, adopt and implement policies and measures that they deem appropriate for the protection and promotion of the diversity of cultural expressions on their territory; (八)重申各国拥有在其领土上维持、采取和实施他们认为合适的保护和促进文化表现形式多样性的政策和措施的主权;
9. to strengthen international cooperation and solidarity in a spirit of partnership with a view, in particular, to enhancing the capacities of developing countries in order to protect and promote the diversity of cultural expressions. (九)本着伙伴精神,加强国际合作与团结,特别是要提高发展中国家保护和促进文化表现形式多样性的能力。
Article 2 – Guiding principles   第二条 指导原则
1. Principle of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms 一、尊重人权和基本自由原则
Cultural diversity can be protected and promoted only if human rights and fundamental freedoms, such as freedom of expression, information and communication, as well as the ability of individuals to choose cultural expressions, are guaranteed. No one may invoke the provisions of this Convention in order to infringe human rights and fundamental freedoms as enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights or guaranteed by international law, or to limit the scope thereof. 只有确保人权,以及表达、信息和交流等基本自由,并确保个人可以选择文化表现形式,才能保护和促进文化多样性。任何人都不得援引本公约的规定侵犯《世界人权宣言》规定的或受到国际法保障的人权和基本自由或限制其适用范围。
2. Principle of sovereignty 二、主权原则
States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to adopt measures and policies to protect and promote the diversity of cultural expressions within their territory. 根据《联合国宪章》和国际法原则,各国拥有在其境内采取保护和促进文化表现形式多样性措施和政策的主权。
3. Principle of equal dignity of and respect for all cultures 三、所有文化同等尊严和尊重原则
The protection and promotion of the diversity of cultural expressions presuppose the recognition of equal dignity of and respect for all cultures, including the cultures of persons belonging to minorities and indigenous peoples. 保护与促进文化表现形式多样性的前提是承认所有文化,包括少数民族和原住民的文化在内,具有同等尊严,并应受到同等尊重。
4. Principle of international solidarity and cooperation 四、国际团结与合作原则
International cooperation and solidarity should be aimed at enabling countries, especially developing countries, to create and strengthen their means of cultural expression, including their cultural industries, whether nascent or established, at the local, national and international levels. 国际合作与团结的目的应当是使各个国家,尤其是发展中国家都有能力在地方、国家和国际层面上创建和加强其文化表现手段,包括其新兴的或成熟的文化产业。
5. Principle of the complementarity of economic and cultural aspects of development 五、经济和文化发展互补原则
Since culture is one of the mainsprings of development, the cultural aspects of development are as important as its economic aspects, which individuals and peoples have the fundamental right to participate in and enjoy. 文化是发展的主要推动力之一,所以文化的发展与经济的发展同样重要,且所有个人和民族都有权参与两者的发展并从中获益。
6. Principle of sustainable development 六、可持续发展原则
Cultural diversity is a rich asset for individuals and societies. The protection, promotion and maintenance of cultural diversity are an essential requirement for sustainable development for the benefit of present and future generations. 文化多样性是个人和社会的一种财富。保护、促进和维护文化多样性是当代和后代的可持续发展的一项基本要求。
7. Principle of equitable access 七、平等享有原则
Equitable access to a rich and diversified range of cultural expressions from all over the world and access of cultures to the means of expressions and dissemination constitute important elements for enhancing cultural diversity and encouraging mutual understanding. 平等享有全世界丰富多样的文化表现形式,所有文化享有各种表现形式和传播手段,是增进文化多样性和促进相互理解的要素。
8. Principle of openness and balance 八、开放和平衡原则
When States adopt measures to support the diversity of cultural expressions, they should seek to promote, in an appropriate manner, openness to other cultures of the world and to ensure that these measures are geared to the objectives pursued under the present Convention. 在采取措施维护文化表现形式多样性时,各国应寻求以适当的方式促进向世界其他文化开放,并确保这些措施符合本公约的目标。
II. Scope of application 第二章 适用范围
Article 3 – Scope of application   第三条 公约的适用范围
This Convention shall apply to the policies and measures adopted by the Parties related to the protection and promotion of the diversity of cultural expressions. 本公约适用于缔约方采取的有关保护和促进文化表现形式多样性的政策和措施。
III. Definitions 第三章 定义
Article 4 – Definitions   第四条 定义
For the purposes of this Convention, it is understood that: 在本公约中,应作如下理解:
1. Cultural diversity (一)文化多样性。
"Cultural diversity" refers to the manifold ways in which the cultures of groups and societies find expression. These expressions are passed on within and among groups and societies. Cultural diversity is made manifest not only through the varied ways in which the cultural heritage of humanity is expressed, augmented and transmitted through the variety of cultural expressions, but also through diverse modes of artistic creation, production, dissemination, distribution and enjoyment, whatever the means and technologies used. “文化多样性”指各群体和社会借以表现其文化的多种不同形式。这些表现形式在他们内部及其间传承。文化多样性不仅体现在人类文化遗产通过丰富多彩的文化表现形式来表达、弘扬和传承的多种方式,也体现在借助各种方式和技术进行的艺术创造、生产、传播、销售和消费的多种方式。
2. Cultural content (二)文化内容。
"Cultural content" refers to the symbolic meaning, artistic dimension and cultural values that originate from or express cultural identities. “文化内容”指源于文化特征或表现文化特征的象征意义、艺术特色和文化价值。
3. Cultural expressions (三)文化表现形式。
"Cultural expressions" are those expressions that result from the creativity of individuals, groups and societies, and that have cultural content. “文化表现形式”指个人、群体和社会创造的具有文化内容的表现形式。
4. Cultural activities, goods and services (四)文化活动、产品与服务。
"Cultural activities, goods and services" refers to those activities, goods and services, which at the time they are considered as a specific attribute, use or purpose, embody or convey cultural expressions, irrespective of the commercial value they may have. Cultural activities may be an end in themselves, or they may contribute to the production ofcultural goods and services. “文化活动、产品与服务”是指从其具有的特殊属性、用途或目的考虑时,体现或传达文化表现形式的活动、产品与服务,无论他们是否具有商业价值。文化活动可能以自身为目的,也可能是为文化产品与服务的生产提供帮助。
5. Cultural industries (五)文化产业。
"Cultural industries" refers to industries producing and distributing cultural goods or services as defined in paragraph 4 above. “文化产业”指生产和销售上述第(四)项所述的文化产品或服务的产业。
6. Cultural policies and measures (六)文化政策和措施。
"Cultural policies and measures" refers to those policies and measures relating to culture, whether at the local, national, regional or international level that are either focused on culture as such or are designed to have a direct effect on cultural expressions of individuals, groups or societies, including on the creation, production, dissemination, distribution of and access to cultural activities, goods and services. “文化政策和措施”指地方、国家、区域或国际层面上针对文化本身或为了对个人、群体或社会的文化表现形式产生直接影响的各项政策和措施,包括与创作、生产、传播、销售和享有文化活动、产品与服务相关的政策和措施。
7. Protection (七)保护。
"Protection" means the adoption of measures aimed at the preservation, safeguarding and enhancement of the diversity of cultural expressions. "Protect" means to adopt such measures. 名词“保护”意指为保存、卫护和加强文化表现形式多样性而采取措施。动词“保护”意指采取这类措施。
8. Interculturality (八)文化间性。
"Interculturality" refers to the existence and equitable interaction of diverse cultures and the possibility of generating shared cultural expressions through dialogue and mutual respect. “文化间性”指不同文化的存在与平等互动,以及通过对话和相互尊重产生共同文化表现形式的可能性。
IV. Rights and obligations of Parties 

第四章 缔约方的权利和义务

Article 5 – General rule regarding rights and obligations   第五条 权利和义务的一般规则
1. The Parties, in conformity with the Charter of the United Nations, the principles of international law and universally recognized human rights instruments, reaffirm their sovereign right to formulate and implement their cultural policies and to adopt measures to protect and promote the diversity of cultural expressions and to strengthen international cooperation to achieve the purposes of this Convention. 一、缔约方根据《联合国宪章》、国际法原则及国际公认的人权文书,重申拥有为实现本公约的宗旨而制定和实施其文化政策、采取措施以保护和促进文化表现形式多样性及加强国际合作的主权。
2. When a Party implements policies and takes measures to protect and promote the diversity of cultural expressions within its territory, its policies and measures shall be consistent with the provisions of this Convention. 二、当缔约方在其境内实施政策和采取措施以保护和促进文化表现形式的多样性时,这些政策和措施应与本公约的规定相符。
Article 6 – Rights of parties at the national level   第六条 缔约方在本国的权利
1. Within the framework of its cultural policies and measures as defined in Article 4.6 and taking into account its own particular circumstances and needs, each Party may adopt measures aimed at protecting and promoting the diversity of cultural expressions within its territory. 一、各缔约方可在第四条第(六)项所定义的文化政策和措施范围内,根据自身的特殊情况和需求,在其境内采取措施保护和促进文化表现形式的多样性。
2. Such measures may include the following: 二、这类措施可包括:
(1) regulatory measures aimed at protecting and promoting diversity of cultural expressions; (一)为了保护和促进文化表现形式的多样性所采取的管理性措施;
(2) measures that, in an appropriate manner, provide opportunities for domestic cultural activities, goods and services among all those available within the national territory for the creation, production, dissemination, distribution and enjoyment of such domestic cultural activities, goods and services, including provisions relating to the language used for such activities, goods and services; (二)以适当方式在本国境内的所有文化活动、产品与服务中为本国的文化活动、产品与服务提供创作、生产、传播、销售和享有的机会的措施,包括规定上述活动、产品与服务所使用的语言;
(3) measures aimed at providing domestic independent cultural industries and activities in the informal sector effective access to the means of production, dissemination and distribution of cultural activities, goods and services; (三)为国内独立的文化产业和非正规产业部门活动能有效获取生产、传播和销售文化活动、产品与服务的手段采取的措施;
(4) measures aimed at providing public financial assistance; (四)提供公共财政资助的措施;
(5) measures aimed at encouraging non-profit organizations, as well as public and private institutions and artists and other cultural professionals, to develop and promote the free exchange and circulation of ideas, cultural expressions and cultural activities, goods and services, and to stimulate both the creative and entrepreneurial spirit in their activities; (五)鼓励非营利组织以及公共和私人机构、艺术家及其他文化专业人员发展和促进思想、文化表现形式、文化活动、产品与服务的自由交流和流通,以及在这些活动中激励创新精神和积极进取精神的措施;
(6) measures aimed at establishing and supporting public institutions, as appropriate; (六)建立并适当支持公共机构的措施;
(7) measures aimed at nurturing and supporting artists and others involved in the creation of cultural expressions; (七)培育并支持参与文化表现形式创作活动的艺术家和其他人员的措施;
(8) measures aimed at enhancing diversity of the media, including through public service broadcasting. (八)旨在加强媒体多样性的措施,包括运用公共广播服务。
Article 7 – Measures to promote cultural expressions   第七条 促进文化表现形式的措施
1. Parties shall endeavour to create in their territory an environment which encourages individuals and social groups: 一、缔约方应努力在其境内创造环境,鼓励个人和社会群体:
(1) to create, produce, disseminate, distribute and have access to their own cultural expressions, paying due attention to the special circumstances and needs of women as well as various social groups, including persons belonging to minorities and indigenous peoples; (一)创作、生产、传播、销售和获取他们自己的文化表现形式,同时对妇女及不同社会群体,包括少数民族和原住民的特殊情况和需求给予应有的重视;
(2) to have access to diverse cultural expressions from within their territory as well as from other countries of the world. (二)获取本国境内及世界其他国家的各种不同的文化表现形式。
2. Parties shall also endeavour to recognize the important contribution of artists, others involved in the creative process, cultural communities, and organizations that support their work, and their central role in nurturing the diversity of cultural expressions. 二、缔约方还应努力承认艺术家、参与创作活动的其他人员、文化界以及支持他们工作的有关组织的重要贡献,以及他们在培育文化表现形式多样性方面的核心作用。
Article 8 – Measures to protect cultural expressions   第八条 保护文化表现形式的措施
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