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| Notice of the Supreme People's Court on Issuing the Several Opinions on the Reasonable Allocation and Scientific Exercise of Enforcement Power | | 最高人民法院印发《关于执行权合理配置和科学运行的若干意见》的通知 |
(No. 15 [2011] of the Supreme People's Court) | |
（法发〔2011〕15号） |
The higher people's courts of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, the Military Court of the People's Liberation Army, and the Production and Construction Corps Branch of the Higher People's Court of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region: | |
各省、自治区、直辖市高级人民法院，解放军军事法院，新疆维吾尔自治区高级人民法院生产建设兵团分院： |
We hereby issue the Several Opinions on the Reasonable Allocation and Scientific Exercise of Enforcement Power for your compliance and implementation in light of actual circumstances. | |
现将《最高人民法院关于执行权合理配置和科学运行的若干意见》印发给你们，请结合工作实际，认真贯彻执行。 |
October 19, 2011 | |
二○一一年十月十九日 |
Several Opinions on the Reasonable Allocation and Scientific Exercise of Enforcement Power | |
最高人民法院关于执行权合理配置和科学运行的若干意见 |
To enhance the impartial, efficient, standardized and honest exercise of enforcement power, realize coordination and cooperation between bodies responsible for case-opening, trial and enforcement, and improve the unified management of enforcement work, we hereby issue the following opinions in accordance with the Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China and relevant judicial interpretations: | |
为了促进执行权的公正、高效、规范、廉洁运行，实现立案、审判、执行等机构之间的协调配合，完善执行工作的统一管理，根据《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》和有关司法解释的规定，提出以下意见。 |
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| I. Mechanism of separated and efficient exercise of enforcement power | | 一、关于执行权分权和高效运行机制 |
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| 1. Enforcement power is the power possessed by the people's courts to take various enforcement measures and examine enforcement objections, reconsiderations and petitions, including the power to implement enforcement and the power to examine enforcement. | | 1、执行权是人民法院依法采取各类执行措施以及对执行异议、复议、申诉等事项进行审查的权力，包括执行实施权和执行审查权。 |
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| 2. The enforcement division of a local people's court shall, according to the mechanism of separated exercise of enforcement power, set up an enforcement implementation department and an enforcement examination department at the same level with other tribunals to exercise the power to implement enforcement and the power to examine enforcement respectively. | | 2、地方人民法院执行局应当按照分权运行机制设立和其他业务庭平行的执行实施和执行审查部门，分别行使执行实施权和执行审查权。 |
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| 3. The scope of the power to implement enforcement primarily covers: property investigation, control, disposition, delivery and distribution, fines, detention, and other implementation matters. The power to implement enforcement shall be exercised by enforcement personnel or judges. | | 3、执行实施权的范围主要是财产调查、控制、处分、交付和分配以及罚款、拘留措施等实施事项。执行实施权由执行员或者法官行使。 |
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| 4. The scope of the power to examine enforcement primarily covers: examination and handling of enforcement objections, reconsiderations and petitions, decision on the transfer of enforcement jurisdiction, and other examination matters. The power to examine enforcement shall be exercised by judges. | | 4、执行审查权的范围主要是审查和处理执行异议、复议、申诉以及决定执行管辖权的移转等审查事项。执行审查权由法官行使。 |
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| 5. The handling of enforcement implementation matters shall be subject to an approval system, while the handling of enforcement examination matters shall be subject to a collegial system. | | 5、执行实施事项的处理应当采取审批制，执行审查事项的处理应当采取合议制。 |
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| 6. The people's courts may divide the enforcement implementation procedures into different stages such as property investigation and control, property disposition and property distribution, specify the time limit for each stage, and assign different enforcement personnel to handle them intensively, so as to realize mutual supervision and separation, check and balance of powers and improve the quality and efficiency of enforcement work. The general affairs department of an enforcement division shall exercise node control and workflow management of the stages. | | 6、人民法院可以将执行实施程序分为财产查控、财产处置、款物发放等不同阶段并明确时限要求，由不同的执行人员集中办理，互相监督，分权制衡，提高执行工作质量和效率。执行局的综合管理部门应当对分段执行实行节点控制和流程管理。 |
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| 7. When it is necessary to promptly take enforcement measures in urgent situations during enforcement, enforcement personnel may take property preservation measures such as seizure, impoundment and freezing of assets and other control measures under the instructions of the enforcement command center, but shall go through the approval formalities within two working days thereafter. | | 7、执行中因情况紧急必须及时采取执行措施的，执行人员经执行指挥中心指令，可依法采取查封、扣押、冻结等财产保全和其他控制性措施，事后两个工作日内应当及时补办审批手续。 |
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| 8. A people's court shall set up a mechanism for examining and handling enforcement complaint letters and visits within the enforcement division to effectively solve the problems of passive enforcement and irregular enforcement. The enforcement complaint examination section may participate in interviews with those making complaint letters and visits regarding enforcement issues, and accelerate the handling of such cases by taking measures such as posting a case-handling ranking notice and publicizing particular cases to urge timely handling. | | 8、人民法院在执行局内建立执行信访审查处理机制，以有效解决消极执行和不规范执行问题。执行申诉审查部门可以参与涉执行信访案件的接访工作，并应当采取排名通报、挂牌督办等措施促进涉执行信访案件的及时处理。 |
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| 9. The people's courts shall continue to promote the construction of the national court enforcement case information management system, and actively participate in the building of the social credit system. The enforcement information section shall use their functional advantages and take multiple measures to enlarge the search scope, realize the sharing of all enforcement case information in the court system and enhance the sharing of enforcement case information and other departments' credit information; and take credit-related punishment measures to urge debtors to voluntarily fulfill obligations. | | 9、继续推进全国法院执行案件信息管理系统建设，积极参与社会信用体系建设。执行信息部门应当发挥职能优势，采取多种措施扩大查询范围，实现执行案件所有信息在法院系统内的共享，推进执行案件信息与其他部门信用信息的共享，并通过信用惩戒手段促使债务人自动履行义务。 |
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| II. Division of Work and Cooperation between Enforcement Divisions and Bodies Responsible for Opening and Trying Cases | | 二、关于执行局与立案、审判等机构之间的分工协作 |
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| 10. Enforcement power shall be exercised by the enforcement division of a people's court. The people's tribunals may enforce cases heard by themselves upon the authorization of the enforcement division, but shall do so under the administration and guidance of the enforcement division. | | 10、执行权由人民法院的执行局行使；人民法庭可根据执行局授权执行自审案件，但应接受执行局的管理和业务指导。 |
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11. For enforcement implementation, enforcement objection, enforcement reconsideration, enforcement supervision, enforcement coordination, enforcement instruction and other enforcement cases and non-party's enforcement objection, enforcement applicant's objection to enforcement, enforcement distribution plan objection, property division subrogation and other actions involving enforcement, the case-opening bodies shall conduct case-opening examinations, and include such cases in the unified management system of the trial and enforcement of cases.
．．．．．． | | 11、办理执行实施、执行异议、执行复议、执行监督、执行协调、执行请示等执行案件和案外人执行异议之诉、申请执行人执行异议之诉、执行分配方案异议之诉、代位析产之诉等涉执行的诉讼案件，由立案机构进行立案审查，并纳入审判和执行案件统一管理体系。
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