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| Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests | | 中华人民共和国妇女权益保障法 |
(Adopted at the 5th Session of the Seventh National People's Congress on April 3, 1999 and amended according to the Decision of the 17th Session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress about Amending the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Women's Rights and Interests on August 28, 2005) | |
（1992年4月3日第七届全国人民代表大会第五次会议通过 根据2005年8月28日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十七次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国妇女权益保障法〉的决定》修正） |
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| Contents | | 目录 |
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| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总则 |
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| Chapter II Political Rights | | 第二章 政治权利 |
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| Chapter III Rights and Interests Relating to Culture and Education | | 第三章 文化教育权益 |
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| Chapter IV Rights and Interests of Labor and Social Security | | 第四章 劳动和社会保障权益 |
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| Chapter V Rights and Interests Relating to Property | | 第五章 财产权益 |
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| Chapter VI Right of Person | | 第六章 人身权利 |
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Chapter VII Rights and Interests Relating to Marriage and Family | | 第七章 婚姻家庭权益 |
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| Chapter VIII Legal Liability | | 第八章 法律责任 |
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| Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions | | 第九章 附则 |
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| Chapter I General Provisions | | 第一章 总则 |
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| Article 1 In accordance with the Constitution and the actual conditions of the country,this Law is formulated to protect women's lawful rights and interests, promote the equality between men and women and allow full play to women's role in socialist modernization. | | 第一条 为了保障妇女的合法权益，促进男女平等，充分发挥妇女在社会主义现代化建设中的作用，根据宪法和我国的实际情况，制定本法。 |
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| Article 2 Women shall enjoy equal rights with men in all aspects of political, economic, cultural, social and family life. | | 第二条 妇女在政治的、经济的、文化的、社会的和家庭的生活等各方面享有同男子平等的权利。 |
It is a basic state policy to realize equality between men and women. The state shall take necessary measures to gradually improve various systems for the protection of the rights and interests of women and to eliminate all kinds of discrimination against women. | |
实行男女平等是国家的基本国策。国家采取必要措施，逐步完善保障妇女权益的各项制度，消除对妇女一切形式的歧视。 |
The state shall protect the special rights and interests enjoyed by the women under the law. | |
国家保护妇女依法享有的特殊权益。 |
It is prohibited to discriminate against, ill-treat, abandon or cruelly kill the women. | |
禁止歧视、虐待、遗弃、残害妇女。 |
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| Article 3 The State Council shall work out a program for the development of Chinese women and shall incorporate it into the plan on the national economy and social development. | | 第三条 国务院制定中国妇女发展纲要，并将其纳入国民经济和社会发展规划。 |
Each local people's government at the county level shall, according to the program for the development of Chinese women, work out a plan on the development of women within its own administrative area and shall incorporate it into the plan on development of the national economy and social development. | |
县级以上地方各级人民政府根据中国妇女发展纲要，制定本行政区域的妇女发展规划，并将其纳入国民经济和社会发展计划。 |
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| Article 4 The protection of women's lawful rights and interests is a common responsibility of the whole society. State organs, public organizations, enterprises and institutions as well as urban and rural mass organizations of self-government at the grass-roots level shall, in accordance with the provisions of this Law and other relevant laws, protect women's rights and interests. | | 第四条 保障妇女的合法权益是全社会的共同责任。国家机关、社会团体、企业事业单位、城乡基层群众性自治组织，应当依照本法和有关法律的规定，保障妇女的权益。 |
The state shall take effective measures to provide necessary conditions for women to exercise their rights according to law. | |
国家采取有效措施，为妇女依法行使权利提供必要的条件。 |
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| Article 5 The state shall encourage women to cultivate a sense of self-respect, self-confidence, self-reliance and self-strengthening, and to safeguard their own lawful rights and interests by utilizing law. | | 第五条 国家鼓励妇女自尊、自信、自立、自强，运用法律维护自身合法权益。 |
Women shall abide by the laws of the state, respect social morality and perform their obligations prescribed by law. | |
妇女应当遵守国家法律，尊重社会公德，履行法律所规定的义务。 |
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| Article 6 The people's governments at all levels shall attach importance to and strengthen the protection of rights and interests of women. | | 第六条 各级人民政府应当重视和加强妇女权益的保障工作。 |
The people's governments at and above the county level shall be the institutions responsible for the work of women and children. They shall organize, coordinate, guide and urge the relevant departments to conduct well the protection of the rights and interests of women." | |
县级以上人民政府负责妇女儿童工作的机构，负责组织、协调、指导、督促有关部门做好妇女权益的保障工作。 |
The relevant departments of the people's governments at the county level or above shall do well the work of protection of the rights and interests of women within their respective scope of functions | |
县级以上人民政府有关部门在各自的职责范围内做好妇女权益的保障工作。 |
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| Article 7 The All-China Women's Federation and women's federations at various levels shall, in accordance with the laws and charter of the All-China Women's Federation, represent and uphold the rights of women of all nationalities and all walks of life, and strive for the protection of women's rights and interests. | | 第七条 中华全国妇女联合会和地方各级妇女联合会依照法律和中华全国妇女联合会章程，代表和维护各族各界妇女的利益，做好维护妇女权益的工作。 |
The labor unions and the communist youth leagues shall, according to their respective working scope, strive for the protection of the rights and interests of women. | |
工会、共产主义青年团，应当在各自的工作范围内，做好维护妇女权益的工作。 |
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| Article 8 People's governments at various levels and relevant departments shall commend and award the organizations and individuals that have made notable achievements in the protection of women's lawful rights and interests. | | 第八条 对保障妇女合法权益成绩显著的组织和个人，各级人民政府和有关部门给予表彰和奖励。 |
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| Chapter II Political Rights | | 第二章 政治权利 |
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| Article 9 The state shall guarantee that women enjoy equal political rights with men. | | 第九条 国家保障妇女享有与男子平等的政治权利。 |
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| Article 10 Women have the right to conduct state affairs, manage economic and cultural undertakings and administer social affairs through various channels and in various ways. | | 第十条 妇女有权通过各种途径和形式，管理国家事务，管理经济和文化事业，管理社会事务。 |
When any law, rule, regulation or public policy relating to the important rights and interests of women is formulated, the opinions of the women's federations shall be taken into account. | |
制定法律、法规、规章和公共政策，对涉及妇女权益的重大问题，应当听取妇女联合会的意见。 |
The women and women's organizations shall be entitled to put forward opinions and proposals on the protection of rights and interests of women to the state organs at all levels. | |
妇女和妇女组织有权向各级国家机关提出妇女权益保障方面的意见和建议。 |
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| Article 11 Women shall enjoy the equal right, with men, to vote and to stand for election. | | 第十一条 妇女享有与男子平等的选举权和被选举权。 |
Among deputies to the National People's Congress and local people's congresses at various levels, there shall be an appropriate number of women deputies and the state shall take measures to gradually raise the proportion thereof. | |
全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会的代表中，应当有适当数量的妇女代表。国家采取措施，逐步提高全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会的妇女代表的比例。 |
Among the members of the residents' committees and villagers' committees, there shall be an appropriate number of women members. | |
居民委员会、村民委员会成员中，妇女应当有适当的名额。 |
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| Article 12 The state shall actively train and select female cadres. | | 第十二条 国家积极培养和选拔女干部。 |
State organs, public organizations, enterprises and public institutions must, in training, selecting and appointing cadres, adhere to the principle of equality between men and women, and shall ensure an appropriate number of female cadres for the leading posts. | |
国家机关、社会团体、企业事业单位培养、选拔和任用干部，必须坚持男女平等的原则，并有适当数量的妇女担任领导成员。 |
The state shall pay attention to the training and selection of female cadres of minority nationalities. | |
国家重视培养和选拔少数民族女干部。 |
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| Article 13 The All-China Women Federation and the women's federations shall, on behalf of the women, actively participate in the democratic decision-making, management and supervision of the state and social affairs. | | 第十三条 中华全国妇女联合会和地方各级妇女联合会代表妇女积极参与国家和社会事务的民主决策、民主管理和民主监督。 |
Women's federations at various levels and their member organizations may recommend female cadres to state organs, public organizations, enterprises or institutions. | |
各级妇女联合会及其团体会员，可以向国家机关、社会团体、企业事业单位推荐女干部。 |
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| Article 14 The departments concerned shall listen to and accept criticisms or rational suggestions regarding the protection of women's rights and interests; with respect to complaints or charges against, or exposure of infringement upon women's rights and interests, the departments concerned must ascertain the facts, and be responsible for the disposition thereof; no organization or individual may suppress such complaints, charges or exposures or resort to retaliation. | | 第十四条 对于有关保障妇女权益的批评或者合理建议，有关部门应当听取和采纳；对于有关侵害妇女权益的申诉、控告和检举，有关部门必须查清事实，负责处理，任何组织或者个人不得压制或者打击报复。 |
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| Chapter III Rights and Interests Relating to Culture and Education | | 第三章 文化教育权益 |
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| Article 15 The state shall guarantee that women enjoy equal rights with men with respect to culture and education. | | 第十五条 国家保障妇女享有与男子平等的文化教育权利。 |
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| Article 16 Schools and departments concerned shall, by implementing the relevant regulations of the state, guarantee that women enjoy equal rights with men in such aspects as starting school, entering a higher school, job assignment upon graduation, conferment of academic degrees and dispatch for study abroad. | | 第十六条 学校和有关部门应当执行国家有关规定，保障妇女在入学、升学、毕业分配、授予学位、派出留学等方面享有与男子平等的权利。 |
When a school recruits students, it shall not, except for some particular specialties, refuse to recruit the female students or raise the standards on the recruitment of female students for the reason of gender. | |
学校在录取学生时，除特殊专业外，不得以性别为由拒绝录取女性或者提高对女性的录取标准。 |
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| Article 17 Schools shall, in line with the characteristics of female adolescents, take measures in respect of education, management and facilities so as to ensure their sound development in body and in mind. | | 第十七条 学校应当根据女性青少年的特点，在教育、管理、设施等方面采取措施，保障女性青少年身心健康发展。 |
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| Article 18 Parents or other guardians must perform their duty of ensuring that female school-age children or adolescents receive the compulsory education. | | 第十八条 父母或者其他监护人必须履行保障适龄女性儿童少年接受义务教育的义务。 |
Where parents or other guardians fail to send female school-age children or adolescents to school, the local people's governments shall admonish and criticize them and, by adopting effective measures, order them to send their female school-age children or adolescents to school, with the exception of those who, on account of illness or other special circumstances, are allowed by the local people's governments not to go to school. | |
除因疾病或者其他特殊情况经当地人民政府批准的以外，对不送适龄女性儿童少年入学的父母或者其他监护人，由当地人民政府予以批评教育，并采取有效措施，责令送适龄女性儿童少年入学。 |
The government, society and schools shall take effective measures to solve the actual difficulties for the female children of the right age of schooling to receive education and shall create chances to ensure the female children of the right age of schooling among the poor, disabled and migrant population to finish the compulsory education. | |
政府、社会、学校应当采取有效措施，解决适龄女性儿童少年就学存在的实际困难，并创造条件，保证贫困、残疾和流动人口中的适龄女性儿童少年完成义务教育。 |
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| Article 19 People's governments at various levels shall, in accordance with relevant provisions, incorporate the work of elimination of illiteracy or semi-literacy among women into plans for illiteracy elimination and post-elimination education, adopt organizational forms and working methods suitable to women's characteristics, and organize and supervise the relevant departments in the implementation of such plans. | | 第十九条 各级人民政府应当依照规定把扫除妇女中的文盲、半文盲工作，纳入扫盲和扫盲后继续教育规划，采取符合妇女特点的组织形式和工作方法，组织、监督有关部门具体实施。 |
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| Article 20 The people's governments at all levels and the relevant departments shall, in the light of the actual needs of the towns and rural women, organize women to receive professional education and practical technical training. | | 第二十条 各级人民政府和有关部门应当采取措施，根据城镇和农村妇女的需要，组织妇女接受职业教育和实用技术培训。 |
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| Article 21 State organs, public organizations, enterprises and institutions shall, by implementing relevant regulations of the state, ensure that women enjoy equal rights with men in their participation in scientific, technological, literary, artistic and other cultural activities. | | 第二十一条 国家机关、社会团体和企业事业单位应当执行国家有关规定，保障妇女从事科学、技术、文学、艺术和其他文化活动，享有与男子平等的权利。 |
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| Chapter IV Rights and Interests of Labor and Social Security | | 第四章 劳动和社会保障权益 |
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| Article 22 The state shall guarantee that women enjoy the same labor and social security rights as men do. | | 第二十二条 国家保障妇女享有与男子平等的劳动权利和社会保障权利。 |
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| Article 23 With the exception of the special types of work or post unsuitable to women, no unit may, in employing staff and workers, refuse to employ women by reason of sex or raise the employment standards for women. | | 第二十三条 各单位在录用职工时，除不适合妇女的工种或者岗位外，不得以性别为由拒绝录用妇女或者提高对妇女的录用标准。 |
When an entity employs a woman, it shall sign a labor (employment) contract or service agreement with her. The labor (employment) contract or service agreement shall not contain restrictions on her matrimony and child-bearing. | |
各单位在录用女职工时，应当依法与其签订劳动（聘用）合同或者服务协议，劳动（聘用）合同或者服务协议中不得规定限制女职工结婚、生育的内容。 |
Recruitment of female workers under the age of sixteen shall be prohibited. | |
禁止录用未满十六周岁的女性未成年人，国家另有规定的除外。 |
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| Article 24 Equal pay for equal work shall be applied to men and women alike. Women shall be equal with men in the enjoyment of welfare benefits. | | 第二十四条 实行男女同工同酬。妇女在享受福利待遇方面享有与男子平等的权利。 |
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| Article 25 In such aspects as promotion in post or in rank, evaluation and determination of professional and technological titles, the principle of equality between men and women shall be upheld and discrimination against women shall not be allowed. | | 第二十五条 在晋职、晋级、评定专业技术职务等方面，应当坚持男女平等的原则，不得歧视妇女。 |
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| Article 26 All units shall, in line with women's characteristics and according to law, protect women's safety and health during their work or physical labor, and shall not assign them any work or physical labor not suitable to women. | | 第二十六条 任何单位均应根据妇女的特点，依法保护妇女在工作和劳动时的安全和健康，不得安排不适合妇女从事的工作和劳动。 |
Women shall be under special protection during menstrual period, pregnancy, obstetrical period and nursing period. | |
妇女在经期、孕期、产期、哺乳期受特殊保护。 |
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| Article 27 No entity may, for the reason of matrimony, pregnancy, maternity leave or breast-feeding, decrease a female employee's wage, dismiss her or unilaterally terminate the labor (employment) contract or service agreement, with the exception that the female employee requests to terminate the labor (employment) contract or service agreement. | | 第二十七条 任何单位不得因结婚、怀孕、产假、哺乳等情形，降低女职工的工资，辞退女职工，单方解除劳动（聘用）合同或者服务协议。但是，女职工要求终止劳动（聘用）合同或者服务协议的除外。 |
No entity may discriminate against women for the reason of gender when implementing the retirement system of the state. | |
各单位在执行国家退休制度时，不得以性别为由歧视妇女。 |
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| Article 28 The state shall develop social insurance, social relief, social welfare and health care causes so as to ensure women enjoy the rights and interests in the aspects of social insurance, social relief, social welfare and health care. | | 第二十八条 国家发展社会保险、社会救助、社会福利和医疗卫生事业，保障妇女享有社会保险、社会救助、社会福利和卫生保健等权益。 |
The state promotes and encourages the public welfare activities aiming to help women. | |
国家提倡和鼓励为帮助妇女开展的社会公益活动。 |
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| Article 29 The state carries out the child-bearing insurance system and shall establish other sound guarantee systems relating to child-bearing. | | 第二十九条 国家推行生育保险制度，建立健全与生育相关的其他保障制度。 |
The local people's governments at all levels and the relevant departments shall provide the poor women with necessary child-bearding aids in pursuance of the pertinent provisions. | |
地方各级人民政府和有关部门应当按照有关规定为贫困妇女提供必要的生育救助。 |
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| Chapter V Rights and Interests Relating to Property | | 第五章 财产权益 |
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| Article 30 The state shall guarantee that women enjoy the equal right, with men, to property. | | 第三十条 国家保障妇女享有与男子平等的财产权利。 |
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| Article 31 In joint property relationship derived from marriage or family, the rights and interests enjoyed by women according to law may not be infringed upon. | | 第三十一条 在婚姻、家庭共有财产关系中，不得侵害妇女依法享有的权益。 |
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| Article 32 Women shall enjoy equal rights with men in the contracted management of rural land, distribution of proceeds of collective economic organizations, use of land requisition and occupation compensations and use of house sites. | | 第三十二条 妇女在农村土地承包经营、集体经济组织收益分配、土地征收或者征用补偿费使用以及宅基地使用等方面，享有与男子平等的权利。 |
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| Article 33 No organization or individual may trespass a woman's rights and interests in the rural collective economic organization on the ground that she hasn't got married, is married, is divorced or has lost her spouse. | | 第三十三条 任何组织和个人不得以妇女未婚、结婚、离婚、丧偶等为由，侵害妇女在农村集体经济组织中的各项权益。 |
If the husband settles in the domicile of the wife because of marriage, the husband and the children of the couple shall enjoy the same rights and interests as the members of the local rural collective economic organization do. | |
因结婚男方到女方住所落户的，男方和子女享有与所在地农村集体经济组织成员平等的权益。 |
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| Article 34 Women's equal right, with men, of succession to property shall be protected by law. Among the statutory successors in the same order, women shall not be discriminated against. Widowed women have the right to dispose of the property inherited by them, and no one may interfere with the disposition thereof. | | 第三十四条 妇女享有的与男子平等的财产继承权受法律保护。在同一顺序法定继承人中，不得歧视妇女。 |
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丧偶妇女有权处分继承的财产，任何人不得干涉。 |
| Article 35 Widowed women who have made the predominant contributions in supporting their parents-in-law shall be regarded as the statutory successors first in order, and their rights of succession thereto shall not be affected by inheritance in subrogation. | |
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| Chapter VI Right of Person | |
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| | 第六章 人身权利 |
| Article 36 The state shall guarantee that women enjoy the same right of person as men do. | |
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| | 第三十六条 国家保障妇女享有与男子平等的人身权利。 |
| Article 37 Women's personal freedom shall be inviolable. Unlawful detention or deprivation or restriction of women's freedom of the person by other illegal means shall be prohibited; and unlawful body search of women shall be prohibited. | |
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| | 第三十七条 妇女的人身自由不受侵犯。禁止非法拘禁和以其他非法手段剥夺或者限制妇女的人身自由；禁止非法搜查妇女的身体。 |
| Article 38 Women's right of life and health shall be inviolable. Drowning, abandoning or cruel infanticide in any manner of female babies shall be prohibited; discrimination against or maltreatment of women who gave birth to female babies or who are barren shall be prohibited; cruel treatment causing injury even death of women by superstition or violence shall be prohibited; maltreatment or abandonment of sick, disabled and aged women shall be prohibited. | |
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| | 第三十八条 妇女的生命健康权不受侵犯。禁止溺、弃、残害女婴；禁止歧视、虐待生育女婴的妇女和不育的妇女；禁止用迷信、暴力等手段残害妇女；禁止虐待、遗弃病、残妇女和老年妇女。 |
| Article 39 Abduction of and trafficking in, or kidnapping of women shall be prohibited; buying of women who are abducted and trafficked in, or kidnapped shall be prohibited; and baffling the rescue of women who are abducted and trafficked in, or kidnapped shall be prohibited. | |
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The people's governments at all levels and the relevant departments shall timely take measures to rescue women who are abducted and trafficked in, or kidnapped, and shall properly deal with the problems arising thereafter. The women's federations shall make cooperative efforts to complete the relevant work. Nobody may discriminate against any woman who is abducted and trafficked in, or kidnapped. | | 第三十九条 禁止拐卖、绑架妇女；禁止收买被拐卖、绑架的妇女；禁止阻碍解救被拐卖、绑架的妇女。 |
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各级人民政府和公安、民政、劳动和社会保障、卫生等部门按照其职责及时采取措施解救被拐卖、绑架的妇女，做好善后工作，妇女联合会协助和配合做好有关工作。任何人不得歧视被拐卖、绑架的妇女。 |
| Article 40 Sexual harassment against women is banned. The victims shall be entitled to complain to the entity or the relevant organs. | |
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| | 第四十条 禁止对妇女实施性骚扰。受害妇女有权向单位和有关机关投诉。 |
| Article 41 Prostitution and whoring shall be prohibited. | |
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It is prohibited to organize, force, induce, shelter or introduce a woman to engage in prostitution or to act indecently against women. | | 第四十一条 禁止卖淫、嫖娼。 |
It is prohibited to organize, force or induce women to engage in obscene performances. | |
禁止组织、强迫、引诱、容留、介绍妇女卖淫或者对妇女进行猥亵活动。 |
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禁止组织、强迫、引诱妇女进行淫秽表演活动。 |
| Article 42 Women's personal rights, such as right of reputation, right of honor, right of privacy, and right to portrait shall be protected by law. | |
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It is prohibited to injure women's reputation or personal dignity by insult, slander, etc. It is prohibited to debase or injure women's personal dignity by public media or otherwise. Without a woman's own permission, it is prohibited to use her portrait in advertisements, trademarks, window display, newspapers, periodicals, books, audio and video recordings, electronic publications, internet, etc. | | 第四十二条 妇女的名誉权、荣誉权、隐私权、肖像权等人格权受法律保护。 |
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禁止用侮辱、诽谤等方式损害妇女的人格尊严。禁止通过大众传播媒介或者其他方式贬低损害妇女人格。未经本人同意，不得以营利为目的，通过广告、商标、展览橱窗、报纸、期刊、图书、音像制品、电子出版物、网络等形式使用妇女肖像。 |
| Chapter VII Rights and Interests Relating to Marriage and Family | |
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| | 第七章 婚姻家庭权益 |
| Article 43 The state shall guarantee that women enjoy equal rights with men in marriage and family. | |
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| | 第四十三条 国家保障妇女享有与男子平等的婚姻家庭权利。 |
| Article 44 The state shall protect women's right of self-determination in marriage. Interference with women's freedom of marriage or divorce shall be prohibited. | |
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| | 第四十四条 国家保护妇女的婚姻自主权。禁止干涉妇女的结婚、离婚自由。 |
| Article 45 During the period of pregnancy, within one year after childbearing or within 6 months after termination of pregnancy of a woman, her husband shall not apply for divorce. If the woman applies for divorce or if the people's court deems necessary to accept the divorce application of the husband, the case shall not be subject to this restriction. | |
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| | 第四十五条 女方在怀孕期间、分娩后一年内或者终止妊娠后六个月内，男方不得提出离婚。女方提出离婚的，或者人民法院认为确有必要受理男方离婚请求的，不在此限。 |
| Article 46 It is prohibited to commit family violence against women. | |
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The state shall take measures to prevent and stop family violence. | | 第四十六条 禁止对妇女实施家庭暴力。 |
The public security, civil affairs, judicial administrative departments, the urban and rural grassroots self-governing organizations, and social organization shall, according to their respective functions, prevent and stop family violence and help the women victims. | |
国家采取措施，预防和制止家庭暴力。 |
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公安、民政、司法行政等部门以及城乡基层群众性自治组织、社会团体，应当在各自的职责范围内预防和制止家庭暴力，依法为受害妇女提供救助。 |
| Article 47 A woman shall enjoy equal rights with her spouse in possessing, utilizing, profiting from and disposing of the property jointly possessed by the husband and wife according to law, which shall not be affected by the status of income of either party. | |
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If both husband and wife stipulate in writing that they separately own the property they respectively obtain during the existence of their marriage and if the wife has made considerably more efforts to support children, take care of the old or assist the husband in work, etc, the wife shall be entitled to demand compensations from the other party at the time of divorce. | | 第四十七条 妇女对依照法律规定的夫妻共同财产享有与其配偶平等的占有、使用、收益和处分的权利，不受双方收入状况的影响。 |
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夫妻书面约定婚姻关系存续期间所得的财产归各自所有，女方因抚育子女、照料老人、协助男方工作等承担较多义务的，有权在离婚时要求男方予以补偿。 |
| Article 48 At the time of divorce, the husband and the wife shall seek agreement regarding the disposition of their jointly possessed houses; if they fail to reach an agreement, the people's court shall make a judgment in light of the actual circumstances of both parties and according to the principle of showing consideration for their child (children) and for the rights and interests of the wife, except that it is otherwise agreed upon by the two parties. | |
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In a case where the husband and wife jointly rent a house or a room, the wife's housing shall, at the time of divorce, be solved according to the principle of showing consideration for their child (children) and for the rights and interests of the wife. | | 第四十八条 夫妻共有的房屋，离婚时，分割住房由双方协议解决；协议不成的，由人民法院根据双方的具体情况，按照照顾子女和女方权益的原则判决。夫妻双方另有约定的除外。 |
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夫妻共同租用的房屋，离婚时，女方的住房应当按照照顾子女和女方权益的原则解决。 |
| Article 49 Both parents shall enjoy the equal right to guardianship of their minor child (children). | |
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In a case where the father is deceased, incapacitated or under any other circumstances that make him unable to act as the guardian of a minor child (children), nobody may interfere with the mother's right of guardianship. | | 第四十九条 父母双方对未成年子女享有平等的监护权。 |
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父亲死亡、丧失行为能力或者有其他情形不能担任未成年子女的监护人的，母亲的监护权任何人不得干涉。 |
| Article 50 At the time of divorce, if the wife becomes sterile because of the sterilization operation or any other reasons, the problem to bring up the child (children) shall be so handled that, while to the advantage of the rights and interests of the child (children), due consideration shall be given to the wife's reasonable demands. | |
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| | 第五十条 离婚时，女方因实施绝育手术或者其他原因丧失生育能力的，处理子女抚养问题，应在有利子女权益的条件下，照顾女方的合理要求。 |
| Article 51 Women have the right to child-bearing in accordance with relevant regulations of the state as well as the freedom not to bear any child. | |
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Where a couple of child-bearing age practise family planning | | 第五十一条 妇女有按照国家有关规定生育子女的权利，也有不生育的自由。 |
according to the relevant regulations of the state,the departments concerned shall provide safe and effective contraceptives and techniques, and ensure the health and safety of the woman receiving any birth-control operation. | |
育龄夫妻双方按照国家有关规定计划生育，有关部门应当提供安全、有效的避孕药具和技术，保障实施节育手术的妇女的健康和安全。 |
The state carries out the pre-marriage, pregnancy and confinement health care system and shall develop the cause of health care of infants and mothers. The people's governments at all levels shall take measures to guarantee that the women enjoy the family planning technologies and services so as to enhance the women's procreative health level. | |
国家实行婚前保健、孕产期保健制度，发展母婴保健事业。各级人民政府应当采取措施，保障妇女享有计划生育技术服务，提高妇女的生殖健康水平。 |
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| Chapter VIII Legal Liabilities | | 第八章 法律责任 |
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| Article 52 When a woman's lawful rights and interests are infringed upon, she has the right to require the competent department for settlement, or file an application with the arbitration institution for arbitration or bring a lawsuit in a people's court. | | 第五十二条 妇女的合法权益受到侵害的，有权要求有关部门依法处理，或者依法向仲裁机构申请仲裁，或者向人民法院起诉。 |
With regard to a woman who needs legal aid or judicial aid because of actual financial difficulties, the local legal aid institution or the people's court shall help her and shall provide her with legal aid or judicial aid under the law. | |
对有经济困难需要法律援助或者司法救助的妇女，当地法律援助机构或者人民法院应当给予帮助，依法为其提供法律援助或者司法救助。 |
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| Article 53 When a woman's lawful rights and interests are infringed upon, she may file a complaint with a women's organization, which shall require the relevant department or entity to investigate and deal with the case. The relevant department or entity shall do so in accordance with the law and give the woman a reply. | | 第五十三条 妇女的合法权益受到侵害的，可以向妇女组织投诉，妇女组织应当维护被侵害妇女的合法权益，有权要求并协助有关部门或者单位查处。有关部门或者单位应当依法查处，并予以答复。 |
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| Article 54 A women's organization shall support the women victims who need help in litigation. | | 第五十四条 妇女组织对于受害妇女进行诉讼需要帮助的，应当给予支持。 |
With regard to an act infringing upon the interests of a particular group of women, the women's federations or the relevant women's organizations may expose and criticize it through the public media and may be entitled to require the relevant department to investigate and punish it. | |
妇女联合会或者相关妇女组织对侵害特定妇女群体利益的行为，可以通过大众传播媒介揭露、批评，并有权要求有关部门依法查处。 |
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| Article 55 Where a woman's rights and interests in the rural collective economic organization is damaged under the excuse that she hasn't got married, is married, is divorced or has lost her spouse, or in the event that the husband settles at the domicile of his wife, the equality of the husband and the child (children) in enjoying the same rights and interests as those enjoyed by the members of the local rural collective economic organization is infringed upon, the town (township) people's government shall mediate the case in accordance with the law. The victim may also file an application with the rural land contracting arbitration institution for arbitration or lodge a lawsuit in the people's court, the people's court shall accept the case in accordance with the law. | | 第五十五条 违反本法规定，以妇女未婚、结婚、离婚、丧偶等为由，侵害妇女在农村集体经济组织中的各项权益的，或者因结婚男方到女方住所落户，侵害男方和子女享有与所在地农村集体经济组织成员平等权益的，由乡镇人民政府依法调解；受害人也可以依法向农村土地承包仲裁机构申请仲裁，或者向人民法院起诉，人民法院应当依法受理。 |
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| Article 56 Where a violation of this law damages the lawful rights and interests of a woman, if any other law or regulation provides any administrative punishment against it, this law or regulation shall be followed. If such violation causes any property losses or any other damages, the violator shall bear civil liabilities. If any crime is constituted, he shall be subject to criminal liabilities. | | 第五十六条 违反本法规定，侵害妇女的合法权益，其他法律、法规规定行政处罚的，从其规定；造成财产损失或者其他损害的，依法承担民事责任；构成犯罪的，依法追究刑事责任。 |
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| Article 57 Where anyone evades, delays or suppresses the investigation and disposition of a complaint, charge or tip-off regarding an infringement upon the rights and interests of a woman, or avenges the person who initiates the complaint or charge or offers the tip-off, the entity he works for, the administrative department or the superior organ shall order him to make corrections and shall give an administrative sanction to the directly liable person-in-charge and other directly liable persons. | | 第五十七条 违反本法规定，对侵害妇女权益的申诉、控告、检举，推诿、拖延、压制不予查处，或者对提出申诉、控告、检举的人进行打击报复的，由其所在单位、主管部门或者上级机关责令改正，并依法对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员给予行政处分。 |
If a state organ or any of its staff members fails to perform its (his) duties, fails to stop an infringements upon the rights and interests of a woman or fails to give necessary help to a woman victim and thus causes any serious consequences, the entity of the aforesaid staff member or the superior organ shall give an administrative sanction to the directly liable person-in-charge and other directly liable persons. | |
国家机关及其工作人员未依法履行职责，对侵害妇女权益的行为未及时制止或者未给予受害妇女必要帮助，造成严重后果的，由其所在单位或者上级机关依法对直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员给予行政处分。 |
Anyone who infringes upon the rights and interests of a woman in the aspects of education, labor and social security, person, property, marriage and family by violating this Law shall be ordered to make corrections by the entity he works for, or by the administrative department or by the superior organ. If the directly liable person-in-charge and other directly liable persons are functionaries of the state, they shall be given an administrative sanction by the entity they work for or by the superior organ. | |
违反本法规定，侵害妇女文化教育权益、劳动和社会保障权益、人身和财产权益以及婚姻家庭权益的，由其所在单位、主管部门或者上级机关责令改正，直接负责的主管人员和其他直接责任人员属于国家工作人员的，由其所在单位或者上级机关依法给予行政处分。 |
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| Article 58 If anyone commits sexual harassment or family violence against a woman to violate this Law, and if his act constitutes a violation of the public security administration, the victim may require the public security organ to give the violator an administrative punishment or may initiate a civil action in the people's court. | | 第五十八条 违反本法规定，对妇女实施性骚扰或者家庭暴力，构成违反治安管理行为的，受害人可以提请公安机关对违法行为人依法给予行政处罚，也可以依法向人民法院提起民事诉讼。 |
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| Article 59 Where anyone debases or injures the personal dignity of a woman through public media or by any other way to violate this Law, the department of culture, the department of radio, film and television, the department of press and publication or other relevant departments shall, according to their respective functions, order him (it) to make corrections and shall give it (him) an administrative punishment. | | 第五十九条 违反本法规定，通过大众传播媒介或者其他方式贬低损害妇女人格的，由文化、广播电影电视、新闻出版或者其他有关部门依据各自的职权责令改正，并依法给予行政处罚。 |
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| Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions | | 第九章 附则 |
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| Article 60 The standing committee of the people's congress of each province, autonomous region or municipality may formulate measures for the implementation of this Law. | | 第六十条 省、自治区、直辖市人民代表大会常务委员会可以根据本法制定实施办法。 |
The people's congress of an autonomous area of ethnic minorities may, in accordance with the principle as provided for by this Law and by taking into consideration the actual circumstances of women of the local ethnic minorities, formulate flexible or supplementary provisions. The provisions of an autonomous region shall not come into force until they have been approved by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress. The provisions of autonomous prefecture or autonomous county shall not come into force until they have been approved by the standing committee of the people's congress of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government, and been reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for archival purposes. | |
民族自治地方的人民代表大会，可以依据本法规定的原则，结合当地民族妇女的具体情况，制定变通的或者补充的规定。自治区的规定，报全国人民代表大会常务委员会批准后生效；自治州、自治县的规定，报省、自治区、直辖市人民代表大会常务委员会批准后生效，并报全国人民代表大会常务委员会备案。 |
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| Article 61 This Law shall come into force as of October 1, 1992. | | 第六十一条 本法自1992年10月1日起施行。 |
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