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Guiding Opinions of the National Development and Reform Commission, the People's Bank of China, the Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs and Other Departments on Strengthening Honesty Construction in the E-commerce Field [Effective]
国家发展改革委、人民银行、中央网信办等关于全面加强电子商务领域诚信建设的指导意见 [现行有效]
【法宝引证码】

Guiding Opinions of the National Development and Reform Commission, the People's Bank of China, the Office of the Central Leading Group for Cyberspace Affairs, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Transport, the Ministry of Commerce, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the China Food and Drug Administration on Strengthening Honesty Construction in the E-commerce Field 

国家发展改革委、人民银行、中央网信办、公安部、交通运输部、商务部、工商总局、质检总局、食品药品监管总局关于全面加强电子商务领域诚信建设的指导意见

(No. 2794 [2016] of the National Development and Reform Commission) (发改财金〔2016〕2794号)

The relevant departments and institutions of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps; and the member entities of the inter-ministerial joint meeting for the development of social credit system: 各省、自治区、直辖市和新疆生产建设兵团有关部门、机构,社会信用体系建设部际联席会议成员单位:
For purposes of establishing and improving an honesty system in the e-commerce field, commending honesty, punishing dishonesty, creating a good market credit environment, and promoting the sound and rapid development of e-commerce, with the approval of the State Council, the following opinions are hereby offered: 为建立健全电子商务领域诚信体系,褒扬诚信,惩戒失信,营造良好的市场信用环境,促进电子商务健康快速发展,经国务院同意,现提出以下意见。
Fully recognizing the significance of strengthening honesty construction in the e-commerce field   一、充分认识加强电子商务领域诚信建设的重要意义
Over recent years, with the extensive application of big data, cloud computing and other internet technology, e-commerce has developed dramatically to become a part of the national economy and an important economic growth area. E-commerce has not only created new consumption demand, expanded employment channels and sparked new enthusiasm in entrepreneurship and investment, but also has played a positive promoting and leading role in advancing supply-side structural reform, expanding effective supply, accelerating economic development mode, stimulating the vigor of market participants and enhancing the inherent driving force of economic development. 近年来,随着大数据、云计算等互联网技术的大规模应用,电子商务迅猛发展,已成为国民经济的组成部分和重要经济增长点。电子商务发展不仅创造了新的消费需求,拓宽了就业渠道,引发了新的创业和投资热潮,而且对推进供给侧结构性改革,扩大有效供给,加快转变经济发展方式,激发市场主体活力,增强经济发展内生动力起到了积极的推动和引领作用。
Credit is an important foundation for e-commerce development. Attributed to years' exploration and innovation, certain progress has been made in the construction of the credit system in the e-commerce field in China. Nevertheless, the dishonesty problems remain quite severe, and counterfeit and shoddy products, disguising defective products as high-quality ones, false advertisements, service breaches, false transactions, fake orders and ratings, malicious negative comment, abusing, leaking and selling personal information, and other illegal and irregular acts are pervasive, which has seriously affected the normal market order, infringed upon the lawful rights and interests of consumers and endangered the sound development of e-commerce. Vigorously strengthening the establishment of an honesty system in the e-commerce field and prioritizing the resolution of the problems of a lack of trust of all parties to e-commerce transactions are helpful to cut transaction cost, better allow e-commerce to play an important role in promoting entrepreneurship and innovation among all the people, and provide significant support for the sustainable and sound development of China's economy and building a moderately prosperous society in all aspects. 信用是电子商务发展的重要基础。经过多年探索创新,我国电子商务领域信用体系建设取得一定进展,但目前失信问题仍十分严重,假冒伪劣、以次充好、虚假广告、服务违约、虚假交易、刷单炒信、恶意差评以及滥用、泄露和倒卖个人信息等违法违规行为泛滥,严重影响正常市场秩序,侵害消费者合法权益,危及电子商务健康发展。大力加强电子商务领域诚信体系建设,着力解决电子商务交易各方信任缺失问题,有利于降低交易成本,更好发挥电子商务在促进大众创业、万众创新中的重要作用,为我国经济持续健康发展和全面建成小康社会提供重要支撑。
II. General requirements   二、总体要求
(1) Guiding ideology (一)指导思想
We shall comprehensively implement the spirit of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China ("CPC") and the Third, Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee, extensively carry out the spirit of a series of important speeches delivered by General Secretary Xi Jinping, follow the decisions and arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, vigorously promote the joint establishment and sharing of credit records in the e-commerce field, improve the market-oriented credit appraisal system, establish and improve an incentive for honesty and punishment for dishonesty system, build a market regulation system with credit as its core, rectify and regulate e-commerce market order, create an honesty environment for e-commerce development, and promote the sound development of "Internet plus" and entrepreneurship and innovation among all the people. 全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中、五中、六中全会精神,深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神,按照党中央、国务院决策部署,大力推动电子商务领域信用记录共建共享,完善市场化信用评价体系,建立健全守信激励与失信惩戒制度,构建以信用为核心的市场监管体系,整顿规范电子商务市场秩序,营造诚实守信的电子商务发展环境,促进“互联网+”和大众创业、万众创新健康发展。
(2) Basic principles (二)基本原则
Government promotion and joint construction by the whole society. The organizing, steering and promoting role of the government shall be fully played, and the promotion of the development of the laws, regulations, standards and specifications as regards honesty construction in the e-commerce field shall be accelerated. Attention shall be paid to allowing the market mechanism to play its role, and credit service institutions and other social resources shall be encouraged and supported in vigorously participating, jointly making advancement and joining work forces. 政府推动,社会共建。充分发挥政府的组织、引领和推动作用,加快推动制定电子商务领域诚信建设相关法律法规和标准规范。注重发挥市场机制作用,鼓励支持信用服务机构等社会力量积极参与,共同推进,形成工作合力。
Measures in multiple aspects and cooperation in supervision. The interaction between government departments and relevant social organizations shall be strengthened, and a coordinated e-commerce supervision mechanism covering online and offline business and the whole process from production, transactions, payment, logistics to customer services shall be established. The supervisions of dishonesty problems in e-commerce shall be enhanced by comprehensively using random inspections, special inspections, complaint handling, third-party appraisals and other means. 多管齐下,协同监管。加强政府部门、有关社会组织联动,建立覆盖线上、线下,贯穿生产、交易、支付、物流、客服全流程的电子商务协同监管机制。综合运用随机抽查、专项检查、投诉处理、第三方评价等手段,加大对电子商务失信问题的监管力度。
Seeking both temporary and permanent solutions and comprehensive advancement. Effective measures shall be adopted to rectify and regulate in a concentrated manner prominent dishonesty problems in the e-commerce field which the people reported strongly so as to clean the market environment. The establishment of a permanent mechanism in the credit system in the e-commerce field shall be enhanced in priority, credit records shall be established and improved, the sharing and application of information shall be promoted, and the system of joint incentive for honesty and joint punishment for dishonesty shall be improved. 标本兼治,全面推进。对人民群众反映强烈的电子商务领域突出失信问题,采取有效措施进行集中整治规范,净化市场环境。着力加强电子商务领域信用体系长效机制建设,建立完善信用记录,推动信息共享和应用,完善守信联合激励和失信联合惩戒制度。
Specifying entities and implementing responsibility. Relevant regulatory departments shall strengthen the supervision of e-commerce platforms, and the primary responsibility of e-commerce platforms shall be enhanced. E-commerce platforms shall be vigorously guided in adhering to regulated development, strengthening the construction of their honesty, establishing and improving internal credit management systems, complaint and report systems and credit supervision mechanisms of parties to transactions, and enhancing credit restrictions on market participants. 明确主体,落实责任。有关监管部门加强对电子商务平台的监管,强化电子商务平台的主体责任。积极引导电子商务平台坚持规范发展,加强自身诚信建设,建立健全内部信用管理制度、投诉举报制度和对交易主体的信用监管机制,强化对市场主体的信用约束。
III. Strengthening whole-process credit construction in e-commerce   三、加强电子商务全流程信用建设
(3) Establishing a real-name registration and authentication system. E-commerce platforms shall carry out the identity marks and user real-name registration system, verify the identities of entities and individuals that run online stores and regularly update and submit relevant information to relevant competent industry departments and regulatory departments. With food, drugs, medical instruments, agricultural products, daily consumer goods and other products relating to the life and property safety of the people as priorities, industrial and commerce registration and relevant license formalities shall be strictly undergone according to the laws and regulations, and business licenses, identity verification marks and other information shall be published. The information on product licenses at official websites shall be linked. The supply of authentication services of trusted e-commerce websites shall be supported, and the application of trusted website marks shall be promoted, so as to provide e-commerce users with means to identify counterfeit and phishing sites. (三)建立实名登记和认证制度。电子商务平台要落实身份标识和用户实名登记制度,对开办网店的单位和个人核实身份,定期更新并依法报送相关行业主管、监管部门。以食品、药品、医疗器械、农产品、日用消费品等关系人民群众生命财产安全的产品为重点,严格依照法律法规规定办理工商登记和相关许可手续,并将营业执照或身份核验标识等信息向社会公开。建立产品许可官方网站信息链接。支持开展电子商务网站可信认证服务工作,推广应用网站可信标识,为电子商务用户识别假冒、钓鱼网站提供手段。
(4) Improving the network transaction credit appraisal system. E-commerce platforms shall be supported and encouraged, based on their characteristics, to establish a mutual credit appraisal by parties to e-commerce transactions and credit points system, explore and establish a post-transaction appraisal or supplementary appraisal system, keep the appraisals by parties to transactions and the performance of commitments to services in credit files, and fully and publicly disclose the appraisal results and points for the reference of market traders. E-commerce platforms shall be vigorously supported, on the basis of real-time dynamic monitoring of transaction process and intermediate links in circulation, in strengthening the classification and identification of dishonest behaviors and cooperating with third-party credit service institutions in preventing false credit appraisal risks. Third-party credit appraisals shall be supported, and a comprehensive credit appraisal mechanism in respect of e-commerce platforms, residing merchants and upstream and downstream enterprises shall be developed. (四)完善网络交易信用评价体系。支持和鼓励电子商务平台结合自身特点,建立电子商务交易双方信用互评、信用积分制度,探索建立交易后评价或追加评价制度,将交易双方评价和服务承诺履约情况记入信用档案,并将评价结果和积分充分公开,供市场交易者参考。积极支持电子商务平台在对交易流程、流通环节进行实时动态监控的基础上,加强对失信行为的分类与甄别,并与第三方信用服务机构合作,防范信用炒作风险。支持开展第三方信用评价,建立对电子商务平台、入驻商家和上下游企业的综合信用评价机制。
(5) Strengthening the management of network payment. The coordination and cooperation between e-commerce platforms and non-bank payment institutions shall be enhanced. Non-bank payment institutions shall be allowed to fully play their role in e-commerce payments, and network fraud and other acts shall be prevented. The network payment service system shall be further improved, and the regulation and standardization of network payment business shall be promoted.
......
 (五)加强网络支付管理。加强电子商务平台与非银行支付机构的协调配合。充分发挥非银行支付机构在电子商务账款支付中的作用,防范网络欺诈等行为。进一步完善网络支付服务体系,推动网络支付业务规范化、标准化。
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