Law of the People's Republic of China on Desert Prevention and Transformation | | 中华人民共和国防沙治沙法 |
| (Adopted at the 23rd meeting of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on August 31, 2001; and amended in accordance with the Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress to Amend Fifteen Laws Including the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Wild Animals adopted at the 6th Session of the Standing Committee of the Thirteenth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on October 26, 2018 ) | | （2001年8月31日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第二十三次会议通过 根据2018年10月26日第十三届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第六次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国野生动物保护法〉等十五部法律的决定》修正） |
| Contents | | 目 录 |
| Chapter 1 General Provisions | | 第一章 总 则 |
| Chapter 2 Planning on Desert Prevention and Transformation | | 第二章 防沙治沙规划 |
| Chapter 3 Prevention of Land Desertification | | 第三章 土地沙化的预防 |
| Chapter 4 Transformation of Desertified Land | | 第四章 沙化土地的治理 |
| Chapter 5 Guarantee Measures | | 第五章 保障措施 |
| Chapter 6 Legal Responsibilities | | 第六章 法律责任 |
| Chapter 7 Supplementary Provisions | | 第七章 附 则 |
| Chapter 1 General Provisions | | 第一章 总 则 |
| Article 1 This Law was formulated in order to prevent land desertification, to transform desertified land, to protect the safety of environment and to promote the sustainable development of economy and society. | | 第一条 为预防土地沙化，治理沙化土地，维护生态安全，促进经济和社会的可持续发展，制定本法。 |
| Article 2 The activities of prevention of land desertification, transformation of desertified land, development and utilization of desertified land within the territory of the People's Republic of China must abide by this Law. | | 第二条 在中华人民共和国境内，从事土地沙化的预防、沙化土地的治理和开发利用活动，必须遵守本法。 |
| Land desertification refers to the encroachment of natural desert and the process in which the vegetation on sandy land is damaged and the sandy soil is exposed due to climate changes and human activities. | | 土地沙化是指因气候变化和人类活动所导致的天然沙漠扩张和沙质土壤上植被破坏、沙土裸露的过程。 |
| Land desertification referred to in this Law means the encroachment of natural desert and the process in which the vegetation and coverings on sandy land are damaged, quicksand is formed and the sand soil is exposed due to unreasonable human activities. | | 本法所称土地沙化，是指主要因人类不合理活动所导致的天然沙漠扩张和沙质土壤上植被及覆盖物被破坏，形成流沙及沙土裸露的过程。 |
| Desertified land referred to in this Law means the land that has already been desertified and the land that is obviously going to be desertified. The specific scope shall be clarified by the planning on national desert prevention and transformation approved by the State Council. | | 本法所称沙化土地，包括已经沙化的土地和具有明显沙化趋势的土地。具体范围，由国务院批准的全国防沙治沙规划确定。 |
| Article 3 Desert prevention and transformation shall follow the following principles: | | 第三条 防沙治沙工作应当遵循以下原则： |
| 1) planning desert prevention and transformation uniformly, adjusting it according to the circumstances, carrying it out step by step, and insisting on the combination of regional and key prevention and transformation; | | （一）统一规划，因地制宜，分步实施，坚持区域防治与重点防治相结合； |
| 2) giving priority to prevention, combining prevention with transformation, and transforming desertified land in a comprehensive way; | | （二）预防为主，防治结合，综合治理； |
| 3) combining the protection and restoring of vegetation with the reasonable utilization of natural resources; | | （三）保护和恢复植被与合理利用自然资源相结合； |
| 4) following environmental rules and relying on technological advancement; | | （四）遵循生态规律，依靠科技进步； |
| 5) combining the improvement of environment with helping peasants and herdsmen get out of poverty and become rich; | | （五）改善生态环境与帮助农牧民脱贫致富相结合； |
| 6) combining the state support with local self-reliance, combining the government organization with public participation, and encouraging units and individuals to contract for desert prevention and transformation; and | | （六）国家支持与地方自力更生相结合，政府组织与社会各界参与相结合，鼓励单位、个人承包防治； |
| 7) protecting the lawful rights and interests of the persons engaged in the sand prevention and transformation. | | （七）保障防沙治沙者的合法权益。 |
| Article 4 The State Council and the local people's governments at the county level or above of the places where the desertified lands are located shall bring the desert prevention and transformation into the plans of the development of national economy and society, and shall protect and support the carrying out of desert prevention and transformation. | | 第四条 国务院和沙化土地所在地区的县级以上地方人民政府，应当将防沙治沙纳入国民经济和社会发展计划，保障和支持防沙治沙工作的开展。 |
| The local people's governments at all levels of the places where the desertified lands are located shall take effective measures to prevent land desertification, to transform the desertified land and to protect and improve the environmental quality of their respective administrative areas. | | 沙化土地所在地区的地方各级人民政府，应当采取有效措施，预防土地沙化，治理沙化土地，保护和改善本行政区域的生态质量。 |
| At the places where the desertified lands are located, the state shall establish examination, award and punishment system of government administrative leaders on their responsibilities of accomplishing sand prevention and transformation objectives within their office terms. The local people's governments at the county level or above of the places where the desertified lands are located shall report the goings of sand prevention and transformation to the people's congresses and their standing committees at the same level. | | 国家在沙化土地所在地区，建立政府行政领导防沙治沙任期目标责任考核奖惩制度。沙化土地所在地区的县级以上地方人民政府，应当向同级人民代表大会及其常务委员会报告防沙治沙工作情况。 |
| Article 5 Under the leadership of the State Council, the administrative department in charge of forestry and grassland of the State Council shall be responsible for the organization, coordination and direction of the desert prevention and transformation of the whole country. | | 第五条 在国务院领导下，国务院林业草原行政主管部门负责组织、协调、指导全国防沙治沙工作。 |
| The administrative departments in charge of forestry and grassland, agriculture, irrigation works, land, environment protection, etc, and the organ in charge of weather shall, according to the responsibilities provided by relevant laws and the division of responsibilities determined by the State Council, perform their respective duties, coordinate with each other closely and jointly do a good job in desert prevention and transformation. | | 国务院林业草原、农业、水利、土地、生态环境等行政主管部门和气象主管机构，按照有关法律规定的职责和国务院确定的职责分工，各负其责，密切配合，共同做好防沙治沙工作。 |
| The local people's governments at the county level or above shall organize and lead the relevant departments under them to perform their respective duties according to the division of duties, coordinate with each other closely and do a good job of desert prevention and transformation of their respective administrative areas. | | 县级以上地方人民政府组织、领导所属有关部门，按照职责分工，各负其责，密切配合，共同做好本行政区域的防沙治沙工作。 |
| Article 6 The units and individuals using land shall bear the obligation to prevent that land from desertification. | | 第六条 使用土地的单位和个人，有防止该土地沙化的义务。 |
| The units and individuals using the land that has already been desertified shall bear the obligation to transform that desertified land. | | 使用已经沙化的土地的单位和个人，有治理该沙化土地的义务。 |
| Article 7 The state shall support the scientific research and technological spreading of desert prevention and transformation, bring the role of scientific research departments and organs into play in desert prevention and transformation, train special technological personnel of desert prevention and transformation and improve the level of scientific technologies of desert prevention and transformation. | | 第七条 国家支持防沙治沙的科学研究和技术推广工作，发挥科研部门、机构在防沙治沙工作中的作用，培养防沙治沙专门技术人员，提高防沙治沙的科学技术水平。 |
| The state supports international cooperation in desert prevention and transformation. | | 国家支持开展防沙治沙的国际合作。 |
| Article 8 The units and individuals that make notable achievements in desert prevention and transformation shall be honored and awarded by the people's governments; those that make prominent contributions to protect and improve environment quality shall be given ample awards. | | 第八条 在防沙治沙工作中作出显著成绩的单位和个人，由人民政府给予表彰和奖励；对保护和改善生态质量作出突出贡献的应当给予重奖。 |
| Article 9 The people's governments at all levels of the places where the desertified lands are located shall organize the relevant departments to carry out publicizing and education on knowledge of desert prevention and transformation, increase the sense of desert prevention and transformation of the citizens and improve the capacities of desert prevention and transformation of the citizens. | | 第九条 沙化土地所在地区的各级人民政府应当组织有关部门开展防沙治沙知识的宣传教育，增强公民的防沙治沙意识，提高公民防沙治沙的能力。 |
| Chapter 2 Planning of Desert Prevention and Transformation | | 第二章 防沙治沙规划 |
| Article 10 Desert prevention and transformation shall adopt uniform planning. The activities of desert prevention and transformation, and the activities of development and utilization within the range of desertified land must abide by the planning on desert prevention and transformation. | | 第十条 防沙治沙实行统一规划。从事防沙治沙活动，以及在沙化土地范围内从事开发利用活动，必须遵循防沙治沙规划。 |
| The planning on desert prevention and transformation shall make definite provisions on the time limits, steps, measures, etc, for preventing the tendency of land desertification expansion and for gradually reducing the desertified land, and shall bring the specific implementation schemes into the five-year plans and annual plans of national economic and social development. | | 防沙治沙规划应当对遏制土地沙化扩展趋势，逐步减少沙化土地的时限、步骤、措施等作出明确规定，并将具体实施方案纳入国民经济和社会发展五年计划和年度计划。 |
| Article 11 The administrative department in charge of forestry and grassland of the State Council shall, jointly with the relevant departments of agriculture, irritation works, land, environment protection, etc, of the State Council, draw up the planning of desert prevention and transformation of the whole country, which shall be carried out upon the approval of the State Council. | | 第十一条 国务院林业草原行政主管部门会同国务院农业、水利、土地、生态环境等有关部门编制全国防沙治沙规划，报国务院批准后实施。 |
| The people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall, according to the planning of desert prevention and transformation of the whole country, draw up the planning of desert prevention and transformation of their respective administrative areas, which shall be carried out upon the approval of the State Council or of the relevant departments appointed by the State Council. | | 省、自治区、直辖市人民政府依据全国防沙治沙规划，编制本行政区域的防沙治沙规划，报国务院或者国务院指定的有关部门批准后实施。 |
| The people's governments of the cities, counties of the places where the desertified lands are located shall, according to the planning of desert prevention and transformation of the people's governments at the higher level, organize the formulation of the planning of desert prevention and transformation of their respective administrative areas, which shall be carried out upon the approval of the people's government at the higher level. | | 沙化土地所在地区的市、县人民政府，应当依据上一级人民政府的防沙治沙规划，组织编制本行政区域的防沙治沙规划，报上一级人民政府批准后实施。 |
| To amend the planning of desert prevention and transformation, the approval of the original approving department must be obtained; no unit or individual may change the planning of desert prevention and transformation without approval. | | 防沙治沙规划的修改，须经原批准机关批准；未经批准，任何单位和个人不得改变防沙治沙规划。 |
| Article 12 The formulation of planning of desert prevention and transformation shall adopt classified protection, comprehensive transformation and reasonable utilization of the desertified land according to the natural conditions such as geological location of the desertified land, land types, vegetation conditions, climate and water resource conditions, land desertification degrees, etc, and the environmental and economic functions the desertified land plays. | | 第十二条 编制防沙治沙规划，应当根据沙化土地所处的地理位置、土地类型、植被状况、气候和水资源状况、土地沙化程度等自然条件及其所发挥的生态、经济功能，对沙化土地实行分类保护、综合治理和合理利用。 |
| The connected patches of desertified land that are not suitable for development and utilization because there are no conditions for transformation in the planned term and because of the needs of environment protection shall be planned as the sealed conservation area of desertified land and shall adopt sealed protection. The range of the sealed conservation area of desertified land shall be determined by the planning of desert prevention and transformation of the whole country and that of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government. | | 在规划期内不具备治理条件的以及因保护生态的需要不宜开发利用的连片沙化土地，应当规划为沙化土地封禁保护区，实行封禁保护。沙化土地封禁保护区的范围，由全国防沙治沙规划以及省、自治区、直辖市防沙治沙规划确定。 |
| Article 13 The planning of desert prevention and transformation shall be linked up with the overall planning of land use; and the use of desertified land prescribed in the planning of desert prevention and transformation shall be in accordance with the overall planning of land use of the people's government at the corresponding level. | | 第十三条 防沙治沙规划应当与土地利用总体规划相衔接；防沙治沙规划中确定的沙化土地用途，应当符合本级人民政府的土地利用总体规划。 |
| Chapter 3 Prevention of Land Desertification | | 第三章 土地沙化的预防 |
| Article 14 The administrative department in charge of forestry and grassland of the State Council shall organize other relevant administrative departments in charge to monitor, count up and analyze the circumstances of land desertification of the whole country and shall publicize the monitoring results regularly. | | 第十四条 国务院林业草原行政主管部门组织其他有关行政主管部门对全国土地沙化情况进行监测、统计和分析，并定期公布监测结果。 |
| The administrative departments in charge of forestry and grassland or other relevant departments of the local people's governments at the county level or above shall, according to the technological rules of land desertification monitoring, monitor the desertified land and report the monitoring results to the people's government at the same level and the administrative departments in charge of forestry and grassland or other relevant departments at the higher level. | | 县级以上地方人民政府林业草原或者其他有关行政主管部门，应当按照土地沙化监测技术规程，对沙化土地进行监测，并将监测结果向本级人民政府及上一级林业草原或者其他有关行政主管部门报告。 |
Article 15 The administrative departments in charge of forestry and grassland or other relevant administrative departments of the local people's governments at the county level or above shall report to the people's governments at the same levels when they find the land are being desertified or the degree of land desertification increases during the process of monitoring land desertification. The people's governments that receive the reports shall instruct the relevant administrative departments in charge to stop the acts that cause the land desertification and take effective measures to transform it.
．．．．．． | | 第十五条 县级以上地方人民政府林业草原或者其他有关行政主管部门，在土地沙化监测过程中，发现土地发生沙化或者沙化程度加重的，应当及时报告本级人民政府。收到报告的人民政府应当责成有关行政主管部门制止导致土地沙化的行为，并采取有效措施进行治理。
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