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| Notice by the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Justice of Issuing the Opinions on Several Issues Concerning Handling Criminal Cases Involving Evil Forces | | 最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、司法部印发《关于办理恶势力刑事案件若干问题的意见》的通知 |
| (No. 10 [2019] of the Supreme People's Court) | | （法发〔2019〕10号） |
| The higher people's courts, the people's procuratorates, the public security departments (bureaus), and the justice departments (bureaus) of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government; the Military Court and the Military Procuratorate of the People's Liberation Army; the Production and Construction Corps Branch of the Higher People's Court of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; and the People's Procuratorate, the Public Security Bureau, and the Justice Bureau of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps: | | 各省、自治区、直辖市高级人民法院、人民检察院、公安厅（局）、司法厅（局），解放军军事法院、军事检察院，新疆维吾尔自治区高级人民法院生产建设兵团分院、新疆生产建设兵团人民检察院、公安局、司法局： |
| For the purposes of conscientiously implementing the arrangements and requirements of the CPC Central Committee for launching the special campaign to combat organized crime and root out local mafia and correctly understanding and applying the Guiding Opinions of the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Justice on Several Issues concerning the Handling of Criminal Cases Involving Mafia-like Gangs and Evil Forces (No. 1 [2018], SPC), the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Justice jointly issue the Opinions on Several Issues Concerning Handling Criminal Cases Involving Evil Forces for your conscientious implementation. | | 为认真贯彻落实中央开展扫黑除恶专项斗争的部署要求，正确理解和适用最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、司法部《关于办理黑恶势力犯罪案件若干问题的指导意见》（法发〔2018〕1号），最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、司法部联合印发了《关于办理恶势力刑事案件若干问题的意见》，请认真贯彻执行。 |
| Supreme People's Court | | 最高人民法院 |
| Supreme People's Procuratorate | | 最高人民检察院 |
| Ministry of Public Security | | 公安部 |
| Ministry of Justice | | 司法部 |
| February 28, 2019 | | 2019年2月28日 |
| Opinions of the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Justice on Several Issues Concerning Handling Criminal Cases Involving Evil Forces | | 最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、司法部关于办理恶势力刑事案件若干问题的意见 |
| For the purposes of conscientiously implementing the arrangements and requirements of the CPC Central Committee for launching the special campaign to combat organized crime and root out local mafia and correctly understanding and applying the Guiding Opinions of the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, the Ministry of Public Security, and the Ministry of Justice on Several Issues concerning the Handling of Criminal Cases Involving Mafia-like Gangs and Evil Forces (No. 1 [2018], SPC, hereinafter referred to as the "Guiding Opinions"), according to the provisions of the Criminal Law, the Criminal Procedure Law and relevant judicial interpretations and regulatory documents, the following opinions are hereby offered on several issues concerning handling criminal cases involving evil forces: | | 为认真贯彻落实中央开展扫黑除恶专项斗争的部署要求，正确理解和适用最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部、司法部《关于办理黑恶势力犯罪案件若干问题的指导意见》（法发﹝2018﹞1号，以下简称《指导意见》），根据刑法、刑事诉讼法及有关司法解释、规范性文件的规定，现对办理恶势力刑事案件若干问题提出如下意见： |
| I. General requirements for handling criminal cases involving evil forces | | 一、办理恶势力刑事案件的总体要求 |
| 1. The people's courts, the people's procuratorates, the public security authorities, and the justice administrative authorities shall profoundly understand the serious social harm of illegal and criminal activities of evil forces, unswervingly adhere to the principle of severe punishment according to the law, and comprehensively embody the spirit of severe punishment according to the law by various legal means at each stage of criminal investigation, prosecution, trial, and execution, so as to effectively deter offenders of evil forces and effectively combat and prevent illegal and criminal activities of evil forces. | | 1．人民法院、人民检察院、公安机关和司法行政机关要深刻认识恶势力违法犯罪的严重社会危害，毫不动摇地坚持依法严惩方针，在侦查、起诉、审判、执行各阶段，运用多种法律手段全面体现依法从严惩处精神，有力震慑恶势力违法犯罪分子，有效打击和预防恶势力违法犯罪。 |
| 2. The people's courts, the people's procuratorates, the public security authorities, and the justice administrative authorities shall strictly adhere to handling cases in accordance with the law, ensure accurate determination of evil forces and evil-force criminal gangs based on clear facts of case and convincing and sufficient evidence, and resolutely prevent determination standards from being intentionally raised or lowered. The people's courts, the people's procuratorates, the public security authorities, and the justice administrative authorities shall adhere to the implementation of the criminal policy of tempering justice with mercy and based on the subjective malice, danger to the person, status and role in evil forces and evil-force criminal gangs, and responsibility for specific crime of criminal suspects and defendants, effectively achieve that justice and mercy are justified and that the punishment fits the crime, so as to realize the unity of political, legal and social effects. | | 2．人民法院、人民检察院、公安机关和司法行政机关要严格坚持依法办案，确保在案件事实清楚，证据确实、充分的基础上，准确认定恶势力和恶势力犯罪集团，坚决防止人为拔高或者降低认定标准。要坚持贯彻落实宽严相济刑事政策，根据犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的主观恶性、人身危险性、在恶势力、恶势力犯罪集团中的地位、作用以及在具体犯罪中的罪责，切实做到宽严有据，罚当其罪，实现政治效果、法律效果和社会效果的统一。 |
| 3. The people's courts, the people's procuratorates, the public security authorities, and the justice administrative authorities shall fully fulfill their respective functions, assume responsibility based on division of labor, cooperate with each other, check each other, adhere to the requirements of the trial-centered reform of the criminal procedure system, strictly implement the "three procedures," continually strengthen their awareness of procedures and evidence, and effectively strengthen legal supervision, so as to ensure strict law enforcement and fair justice and fully protect all the prosecution-related rights of parties and participants in prosecution. | | 3．人民法院、人民检察院、公安机关和司法行政机关要充分发挥各自职能，分工负责，互相配合，互相制约，坚持以审判为中心的刑事诉讼制度改革要求，严格执行“三项规程”，不断强化程序意识和证据意识，有效加强法律监督，确保严格执法、公正司法，充分保障当事人、诉讼参与人的各项诉讼权利。 |
| II. Standards for the determination of evil forces and evil-force criminal gangs | | 二、恶势力、恶势力犯罪集团的认定标准 |
| 4. An evil force is an illegal and criminal organization which often gathers its members, by violence, threat, or otherwise, to carry out illegal and criminal activities many times in a certain region or industry, do evil, tyrannize over people, or disrupt the economic and social life order, causing relatively bad social impacts, but has not developed into a mafia-like gang. | | 4．恶势力，是指经常纠集在一起，以暴力、威胁或者其他手段，在一定区域或者行业内多次实施违法犯罪活动，为非作恶，欺压百姓，扰乱经济、社会生活秩序，造成较为恶劣的社会影响，但尚未形成黑社会性质组织的违法犯罪组织。 |
| 5. "Pornography, gambling, drugs, theft, robbery, fraud" and other illegal and criminal activities carried out solely for illegal economic benefits, which have no characteristics of doing evil and tyrannizing over people, and illegal and criminal activities arising from the marriage or relationship disputes, family disputes, neighborhood disputes, labor disputes, or legal debt disputes of a person or his or her close relatives, or for justified reasons, shall not be handled as cases involving evil forces. | | 5．单纯为牟取不法经济利益而实施的“黄、赌、毒、盗、抢、骗”等违法犯罪活动，不具有为非作恶、欺压百姓特征的，或者因本人及近亲属的婚恋纠纷、家庭纠纷、邻里纠纷、劳动纠纷、合法债务纠纷而引发以及其他确属事出有因的违法犯罪活动，不应作为恶势力案件处理。 |
6. An evil force shall generally consist of three or more persons and have a relatively permanent organizer. An organizer is an offender who plays an organizing, planning, and directing role in illegal and criminal activities carried out by the evil force. If an organization consists of relatively permanent members and meets other conditions for determination of evil forces, but the illegal and criminal activities carried out many times are organized, planned, and directed by different members, it may also be determined as an evil force, and a member that performs the aforesaid acts may be determined as an organizer.
．．．．．． | | 6．恶势力一般为3人以上，纠集者相对固定。纠集者，是指在恶势力实施的违法犯罪活动中起组织、策划、指挥作用的违法犯罪分子。成员较为固定且符合恶势力其他认定条件，但多次实施违法犯罪活动是由不同的成员组织、策划、指挥，也可以认定为恶势力，有前述行为的成员均可以认定为纠集者。
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