Opinions of the Supreme People's Court on Providing Judicial Guarantee for the Building of Pilot Free Trade Zones | | 最高人民法院关于为自由贸易试验区建设提供司法保障的意见 |
(No. 34 [2016] of the Supreme People's Court) | | (法发〔2016〕34号) |
For the purposes of giving full play to the trial functions and roles of the people's courts, and guaranteeing the building of China's pilot free trade zones (hereinafter referred to as "FTZ"), in accordance with the relevant decisions of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, and based on trial practices, the following opinions on the trial of FTZ-related cases by the people's courts are offered: | | 为充分发挥人民法院的审判职能作用,保障我国自由贸易试验区(以下简称自贸试验区)的建设,根据全国人民代表大会常务委员会相关决定,结合审判实践,对人民法院涉自贸试验区案件的审判工作提出以下意见: |
I. Raising consciousness and effectively improving the sense of responsibility and sense of mission to provide judicial guarantee for FTZ building. | | 一、提高认识,切实增强为自贸试验区建设提供司法保障的责任感和使命感 |
(1) Recognizing the significance of FTZ building. FTZ is a test field of China's reform and opening up, and an important window for China to build a new open economic system. FTZ building is a powerful driving force for the improvement of China's economic systems and mechanisms, and has a major impact on the enforcement of laws. The people's courts at all levels shall vigorously and effectively make judicial preparations accordingly, develop the awareness of the big picture from the perspective of comprehensively advancing the rule of law, act strictly according to the law, impartially and efficiently try various FTZ-related cases, equally protect the lawful rights and interests of parties from home and abroad, and provide high-quality and efficient judicial guarantee for FTZ building. | | 1.深刻认识自贸试验区建设的重大意义。自贸试验区是我国改革开放的试验田,是我国构建开放型经济新体制的重要窗口。自贸试验区的建设,对完善我国经济体制机制是有力的推动,在法律实施方面有重大影响。各级人民法院应当积极做好司法应对,从全面推进依法治国的高度树立大局意识,严格依法办事,公正、高效审理各类涉自贸试验区的案件,平等保护中外当事人合法权利,为自贸试验区的建设提供优质高效的司法保障。 |
(2) Guaranteeing the institutional innovation in FTZ building in accordance with the law. FTZ building not only shoulders the historical mission of exploring a new path and accumulating new experience for China to comprehensively deepen reform and opening up, but also is a vigorous attempt at the central decision that any major reform shall have a legal basis. The people's courts at all levels shall explore reform measures to provide judicial support for FTZ while ensuring that the reform measures are adopted within the framework of law. On the basis of accurate application of law, attention shall be paid to the timely adjustment of judgment standards, the transformation of governmental functions shall be vigorously supported, the autonomy of will of the parties to contracts shall be respected, and transaction security shall be maintained. | | 2.依法保障自贸试验区建设的制度创新。自贸试验区的建设肩负着为我国全面深化改革和扩大开放探索新途径、积累新经验的历史使命,也是对凡属重大改革都要于法有据的中央决策的积极尝试。各级人民法院应探索为自贸试验区提供司法保障的改革举措,同时,要确保这些改革举措的探索在法律框架内进行。在准确适用法律的基础上,注重及时调整裁判尺度,积极支持政府职能转变,尊重合同当事人的意思自治,维护交易安全。 |
The modernization development of the FTZ governance system and ability shall be vigorously participated in. In all the work conducted within FTZ such as the transformation of governmental functions, the opening-up of investment fields, the transformation of trade development modes, the opening-up and innovation in the financial field, and the improvement of legal guarantee, the people's courts at all levels shall, based on their own judicial practices, vigorously cooperate in the implementation of all reform measures, actively improve working mechanisms, innovate in work methods, and make positive contributions to creating an impartial, open and transparent legal environment and law-based, international and facilitating business environment. | | 积极参与自贸试验区的治理体系和治理能力现代化建设。在自贸试验区进行的政府职能转变、投资领域开放、贸易发展方式转变、金融领域开放创新、完善法治保障等各项工作中,各级人民法院要结合自身的司法实践,积极配合各项改革措施的实施,主动完善工作机制,创新工作方法,为营造公正、公开、透明的法治环境和法治化、国际化、便利化的营商环境作出积极贡献。 |
II. Giving full play to the functions and roles of trials and providing judicial guarantee to promote the sound development of FTZ | | 二、充分发挥审判职能作用,为促进自贸试验区健康发展提供司法保障 |
(3) Vigorously exercising criminal trial functions, and cracking down upon FTZ-related crimes. The crimes committed by sabotaging FTZ building and abusing special FTZ market regulation conditions shall be clamped down, and the social stability and market order in FTZ shall be maintained. Importance shall be attached to the resolution of cross-border crime of infringement upon intellectual property rights. Smuggling, illegal fund raising, evasion of foreign exchange control, money laundering, and other criminal behaviors in FTZ shall be punishable in accordance with the law. Furthermore, attention shall be paid to the guilt and innocence standards for the crimes of false declaration of registered capital, false capital contribution, withdrawing contributed capital, and illegal business operation. | | 3.积极行使刑事审判职能,依法打击涉自贸试验区的刑事犯罪。打击破坏自贸试验区建设、滥用自贸试验区特殊市场监管条件进行的犯罪,维护自贸试验区社会稳定及市场秩序。重视解决侵犯知识产权跨境犯罪问题。依法惩治涉自贸试验区的走私、非法集资、逃汇、洗钱等犯罪行为。同时注意区分虚报注册资本罪、虚假出资罪、抽逃出资罪以及非法经营罪的罪与非罪的界限。 |
(4) Strengthening FTZ-related civil trials and protecting the civil rights and interests of parties. Labor protection shall be enhanced and the labor disputes between employers and employees shall be accurately handled, so as to promote the sound development of the employment systems of enterprises in FTZ. The rights and interests of consumers shall be protected, the security of consumers' personal information shall be maintained, the standard clauses of contracts in the service fields shall be strictly reviewed, and the behaviors impairing consumers with false advertisements shall be punishable. Eco-environment shall be protected, and actions brought by relevant departments and organizations against environment-polluting and ecology-damaging behaviors detrimental to the social and public interests or having major risks shall be vigorously tried. | | 4.加强涉自贸试验区的民事审判工作,依法保护当事人的民事权益。加强劳动保护,正确处理用人单位与劳动者的劳动争议,促进自贸试验区内企业用工制度的健康发展。保护消费者权益,维护消费者个人信息的安全,严格对服务领域合同格式条款的审查,惩治利用虚假广告侵害消费者的行为。保护生态环境,积极审理有关机关和组织对损害社会公共利益或者具有重大风险的污染环境、破坏生态行为提起的诉讼。 |
The relatively common problems of "residential property used for commercial purposes" and "one address for multiple business licenses" in FTZ shall be correctly handled. The restrictive conditions for changing residential properties to commercial properties as provided for in Article 77 of the Property Law of the People's Republic of China shall be accurately understood and applied so as to ensure the normal livelihood of the people. If several companies use one identical address as registered domicile, attention shall be paid to the issue whether property or personality is mixed up in the trying of relevant cases so as to protect the interests of creditors in accordance with the law. ...... | | 正确处理在自贸试验区较为常见的“民宅商用”“一址多照”问题。正确理解和适用《中华人民共和国物权法》第七十七条规定的将住宅改变为经营性用房的限制条件,保障人民群众正常的生活秩序。对多个公司使用同一地址作为住所地登记的,在审理相关案件时要注意是否存在财产混同、人格混同等情况,依法维护债权人利益。 ...... |
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