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Ten Model Cases Involving Crimes of Telecommunications Network Fraud Published by the Supreme People's Court [Effective]
最高人民法院发布10起电信网络诈骗犯罪典型案例 [现行有效]
【法宝引证码】

Ten Model Cases Involving Crimes of Telecommunications Network Fraud Published by the Supreme People's Court 

最高人民法院发布10起电信网络诈骗犯罪典型案例

(November 19, 2019) (2019年11月19日)

Table of Model Cases 典型案例目录
I. People v. Chen Wenhui et al. (seven persons) (case of fraud and infringement of the personal information of citizens) 一、陈文辉等7人诈骗、侵犯公民个人信息案
II. People v. Du Tianyu (case of infringement of the personal information of citizens) 二、杜天禹侵犯公民个人信息案
III. People v. Chen Minghui et al. (seven persons) (case of fraud) 三、陈明慧等7人诈骗案
IV. People v. Li Shiquan et al. (69 persons) (case of fraud) 四、李时权等69人诈骗案
V. People v. Chen Jie et al. (nine persons) (case of fraud) 五、陈杰等9人诈骗案
VI. People v. Huang Guoliang et al. (nine persons) (case of fraud) 六、黄国良等9人诈骗案
VII. People v. Tong Jingxia (seven persons) (case of fraud) 七、童敬侠等7人诈骗案
VIII. People v. Zhu Tao et al. (crime of fraud) 八、朱涛等人诈骗案
IX. People v. Shao Tingxiong (case of fraud) 九、邵庭雄诈骗案
X. People v. Yang Xuewei (case of fraud) 十、杨学巍诈骗案
Model Cases 典型案例
I. People v. Chen Wenhui et al. (seven persons) (case of fraud and infringement of the personal information of citizens)   一、陈文辉等7人诈骗、侵犯公民个人信息案
1. Basic facts (一)基本案情
From November 2015 to August 2016, defendants Chen Wenhui, Huang Jinchun, Chen Baosheng, Zheng Jinfeng, Xiong Chao, Zheng Xiancong, and Chen Fudi ganged together, bought the information of students and citizens' housing purchase information online, respectively leased properties in Jiujiang City and Xinyu City of Jiangxi province, Qinzhou City of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Haikou City of Hainan province, and other places as venues for fraud, made more than 23,000 fraudulent calls, respectively impersonating the employees of education bureaus, finance bureaus, and property bureaus, under the pretext of offering impoverished student scholarships and housing purchase subsidies, mainly targeting students who sat the National College Entrance Examination, defrauded others of a total of more than 560,000 yuan, and caused the death of victim Xu Yuyu. 2015年11月至2016年8月,被告人陈文辉、黄进春、陈宝生、郑金锋、熊超、郑贤聪、陈福地等人交叉结伙,通过网络购买学生信息和公民购房信息,分别在江西省九江市、新余市、广西壮族自治区钦州市、海南省海口市等地租赁房屋作为诈骗场所,分别冒充教育局、财政局、房产局的工作人员,以发放贫困学生助学金、购房补贴为名,将高考学生为主要诈骗对象,拨打诈骗电话2.3万余次,骗取他人钱款共计56万余元,并造成被害人徐玉玉死亡。
2. Judgment (二)裁判结果
This case, tried by the Intermediate People's Court of Linyi City, Shandong province as the court of first instance and by the Higher People's Court of Shandong province as the court of second instance, had taken legal effect. 本案由山东省临沂市中级人民法院一审,山东省高级人民法院二审。现已发生法律效力。
In the opinion of the courts, defendants including Chen Wenhui formed a telecommunications fraud gang, impersonated the employees of state agencies, fabricated facts, and defrauded other persons of money by making calls, for the purpose of illegal possession. Their conduct constituted the crime of fraud. Chen Wenhui also obtained the personal information of citizens by illegal means and committed the crime of infringement of the personal information of citizens. Chen Wenhui was the principal playing an organizing and directing role in the crime of fraud in Jiujiang City and Xinyu City, Jiangxi province. As Chen Wenhui impersonated the employees of state agencies, defrauded students of money, and caused the death of victim Xu Yuyu, a heavy punishment should be imposed according to the circumstances. Following from the foregoing, defendant Chen Wenhui was sentenced to life imprisonment and deprivation of political rights for life, in addition to confiscation of all personal property, for the crime of fraud and the crime of infringement of the personal information of citizens; and defendants including Zheng Jinfeng and Huang Jinchun were sentenced to fixed-term imprisonments ranging from three to 15 years for the crime of fraud. 法院认为,被告人陈文辉等人以非法占有为目的,结成电信诈骗犯罪团伙,冒充国家机关工作人员,虚构事实,拨打电话骗取他人钱款,其行为均构成诈骗罪。陈文辉还以非法方法获取公民个人信息,其行为又构成侵犯公民个人信息罪。陈文辉在江西省九江市、新余市的诈骗犯罪中起组织、指挥作用,系主犯。陈文辉冒充国家机关工作人员,骗取在校学生钱款,并造成被害人徐玉玉死亡,酌情从重处罚。据此,以诈骗罪、侵犯公民个人信息罪判处被告人陈文辉无期徒刑,剥夺政治权利终身,并处没收个人全部财产;以诈骗罪判处被告人郑金锋、黄进春等人十五年至三年不等有期徒刑。
3. Significance (三)典型意义
Telecommunications network fraud cases have occurred frequently in recent years, seriously endangering the property security and lawful rights and interests of the public, destroying social trust, affecting social harmony and stability. Xu Yuyu, a Shandong-based candidate for the National College Entrance Examination, was defrauded of more than 9,000 yuan, the tuition fee raised by her family, and died suddenly in grief and anger, triggering intensive public opinion. The issue of crackdown on telecommunications network fraud cases once again attracted widespread attention across society. In order to increase punishment efforts, the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, and the Ministry of Public Security jointly formulated and issued the Opinions on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Handling of Telecommunications Network Fraud and other Criminal Cases ("Opinions") in December 2016, specifying that any fraud that caused suicide, death, mental disorder, or any other serious consequence to the victim, any fraud committed by impersonating any employee of a judicial agency or any other state agency, and the organization and directing of a criminal gang for telecommunications network fraud, and defrauding a student of property shall be subject to heavy punishment according to circumstances. This case is the first major case tried under the Opinions. Subject to the principle that crime and liability fit punishment, defendant Chen Wenhui was given the maximum sentence, fully embodying the spirit of severe punishment of telecommunications network fraud criminals. 电信网络诈骗类案件近年高发、多发,严重侵害人民群众的财产安全和合法权益,破坏社会诚信,影响社会的和谐稳定。山东高考考生徐玉玉因家中筹措的9 000余元学费被诈骗,悲愤之下引发猝死,舆论反应强烈,对电信网络诈骗犯罪案件的打击问题再次引发了社会的广泛关注。为加大打击惩处力度,2016年12月,“两高一部”共同制定出台了《关于办理电信网络诈骗等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》,明确对诈骗造成被害人自杀、死亡或者精神失常等严重后果的,冒充司法机关等国家机关工作人员实施诈骗的,组织、指挥电信网络诈骗犯罪团伙的,诈骗在校学生财物的,要酌情从重处罚。本案是适用《意见》审理的第一例大要案,在罪责刑相适应原则的前提下,对被告人陈文辉顶格判处,充分体现了对电信网络诈骗犯罪分子依法从严惩处的精神。
II. People v. Du Tianyu (case of infringement of the personal information of citizens)   二、杜天禹侵犯公民个人信息案
1. Basic facts (一)基本案情
Defendant Du Tianyu illegally broke into the website of the 2016 University Entrance Examination Information Platform of Shandong Province by means of introducing a Trojan horse, obtained the authority to administer the website, illegally accessed more than 640,000 pieces of personal information of candidates for the National College Entrance Examination from Shandong province in 2016, and sold more than 100,000 pieces of the above information to defendant Chen Wenhui in a separate case, illegally making a profit of 14,100 yuan. Chen Wenhui used the above information bought from Du Tianyu to arrange for persons to commit the crime of telecommunications fraud by making more than 10,000 fraudulent calls in total, defrauding others of more than 200,000 yuan, causing the death of Xu Yuyu, a candidate for the National College Entrance Examination. 被告人杜天禹通过植入木马程序的方式,非法侵入山东省2016年普通高等学校招生考试信息平台网站,取得该网站管理权,非法获取2016年山东省高考考生个人信息64万余条,并向另案被告人陈文辉出售上述信息10万余条,非法获利14 100元,陈文辉利用从杜天禹处购得的上述信息,组织多人实施电信诈骗犯罪,拨打诈骗电话共计1万余次,骗取他人钱款20余万元,并造成高考考生徐玉玉死亡。
2. Judgment (二)裁判结果
The case was tried by the Luozhuang District People's Court of Linyi City, Shandong province as the court of first instance. After the judgment was pronounced in court, defendant Du Tianyu stated that he would not appeal against the judgment. The judgment had taken legal effect. 本案由山东省临沂市罗庄区人民法院一审,当庭宣判后,被告人杜天禹表示服判不上诉。现已发生法律效力。
According to the court, defendant Du Tianyu obtained more than 640,000 pieces of personal information of citizens and sold more than 100,000 pieces of the personal information, in violation of the relevant provisions issued by the state, and his conduct constituted the crime of infringement of personal information. Defendant Du Tianyu, as a professional engaged in information technology, should know the importance of maintaining information network security and protecting the personal information of citizens, but he used his technical expertise to illegally break into the website of the National College Entrance Examination Information Platform and steal the personal information of candidates and sold it for profit, seriously endangering cybersecurity, causing major hidden dangers to the personal and property security of others. On the above grounds, defendant Du Tianyu was sentenced to a fixed-term imprisonment of six years, in addition to a fine of 60,000 yuan, for the crime of infringement of the personal information of citizens. 法院认为,被告人杜天禹违反国家有关规定,非法获取公民个人信息64万余条,出售公民个人信息10万余条,其行为已构成侵犯公民个人信息罪。被告人杜天禹作为从事信息技术的专业人员,应当知道维护信息网络安全和保护公民个人信息的重要性,但却利用技术专长,非法侵入高等学校招生考试信息平台的网站,窃取考生个人信息并出卖牟利,严重危害网络安全,对他人的人身财产安全造成重大隐患。据此,以侵犯公民个人信息罪判处被告人杜天禹有期徒刑六年,并处罚金人民币六万元。
3. Significance (三)典型意义
The crime of infringement of the personal information of citizens, known as the "source of crimes" among cybercrimes, gives birth to a series of crimes such as telecommunications network fraud, extortion, and kidnapping and poses very serious harm to society, entailing the necessity of crackdown. This case is related to the case of fraud against victim Xu Yuyu. The theft and sale of the personal information of citizens by defendant Du Tianyu facilitated defendant Chen Wenhui in a separate case in precisely committing the crime of fraud to defraud other persons of money. Du Tianyu should be held correspondingly liable for the adverse social impact caused by his sale of the personal information of citizens. The court applied the relevant provisions of the Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in Handling Criminal Cases of Infringement of the Personal Information of Citizens during the process of trial. After the judgment in the case had been pronounced, defendant admitted guilt without appealing, and good legal and social effects were produced. 侵犯公民个人信息犯罪被称为网络犯罪的“百罪之源”,由此滋生了电信网络诈骗、敲诈勒索、绑架等一系列犯罪,社会危害十分严重,确有打击必要。本案系被害人徐玉玉被诈骗案的关联案件,被告人杜天禹窃取并出售公民个人信息的行为,给另案被告人陈文辉精准实施诈骗犯罪得以骗取他人钱财提供了便利条件,杜天禹应当对其出售公民个人信息行为所造成的恶劣社会影响承担相应的责任。法院在审理过程中适用“两高”《关于办理侵犯公民个人信息刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》相关规定,案件宣判后,被告人认罪服判未上诉,取得了良好的法律效果和社会效果。
III. People v. Chen Minghui et al. (seven persons) (case of fraud)   三、陈明慧等7人诈骗案
1. Basic facts (一)基本案情
Defendant Chen Minghui gathered Fan Zhijie, Gao Xuezhong, Ye Qifeng, Xiong Yunjiang and others to form a fraud gang, which disseminated Keep Running and other false prize information, deceived recipients of the information into visiting a "phishing website" and submitting personal information to claim prizes, defrauded victims of property by requiring them to pay deposits, notarization fees, and taxes, among others, and then impersonated lawyers or court employees to frighten victims to pay processing fees on the grounds of their breach of contract by failing to pay deposits or claim prizes as required. From June to August 2016, the fraud gang defrauded a total of 63 persons including victim Cai Shuyan of 681,310 yuan in total and other victims of property worth 359,812.21 yuan in total. After learning that she was defrauded, Cai Shuyan committed suicide by jumping into the sea on August 29, 2016. Chen Minghui also sent a total of more than 730,000 pieces of fraudulent prize information in the name of Where Are We Going, Dad? and other TV shows. 被告人陈明慧纠集范治杰、高学忠、叶奇锋、熊运江等人结成诈骗团伙,群发“奔跑吧兄弟”等虚假中奖信息,诱骗收到信息者登录“钓鱼网站”填写个人信息认领奖品,后以兑奖需要交纳保证金、公证费、税款等为由,骗取被害人财物,再通过冒充律师、法院工作人员以被害人未按要求交纳保证金或领取奖品构成违约为由,恐吓要求被害人交纳手续费,2016年6月至8月间,共骗取被害人蔡淑妍等63人共计681 310元,骗取其他被害人财物共计359 812.21元。蔡淑妍得知受骗后,于2016年8月29日跳海自杀。陈明慧还通过冒充“爸爸去哪儿”等综艺节目发送虚假中奖诈骗信息共计73万余条。
2. Judgment (二)裁判结果
This case, tried by the Intermediate People's Court of Jieyang City, Guangdong province as the court of first instance and by the Higher People's Court of Guangdong province as the court of second instance, had taken legal effect. 本案由广东省揭阳市中级人民法院一审,广东省高级人民法院二审。现已发生法律效力。
According to the courts, defendants including Chen Minghui formed a telecommunications fraud gang for the purpose of illegal possession to defraud the public at large by employing the method of fabricating facts, by using "phishing website" links, sending fraudulent information, making fraudulent calls, and other means. Their conduct constituted the crime of fraud. Chen Minghui was the principal who gathered other fellow criminals to commit the crime and played a major role in the joint crime of fraud and fell under multiple aggravating circumstances. Therefore, defendant Chen Minghui was sentenced to life imprisonment and deprivation of political rights for life, in addition to confiscation of all personal property, for the crime of fraud; and defendants including Fan Zhijie were sentenced to fixed-term imprisonments ranging from 11 to 15 years for the crime of fraud. 法院认为,被告人陈明慧等人以非法占有为目的,结成电信诈骗犯罪团伙,采用虚构事实的方法,通过利用“钓鱼网站”链接、发送诈骗信息、拨打诈骗电话等手段针对不特定多数人实施诈骗,其行为均已构成诈骗罪。陈明慧纠集其他同案人参与作案,在共同诈骗犯罪中起主要作用,系主犯,又有多个酌情从重处罚情节。据此,以诈骗罪判处被告人陈明慧无期徒刑,剥夺政治权利终身,并处没收个人全部财产;以诈骗罪判处被告人范治杰等人十五年至十一年不等有期徒刑。
3. Significance (三)典型意义
This case, as one of major cases involving the sudden death and suicide of defrauded candidates for the National College Entrance Examination, attracted much public attention after being covered by the press. The courts applied the Opinions of the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate, and the Ministry of Public Security on Several Issues Concerning the Application of Law in the Handling of Telecommunications Network Fraud and other Criminal Cases in the process of trial and imposed a sentence for the completed crime of fraud on the grounds that Chen Minghui organized and directed a telecommunications fraud gang and fell under several aggravating circumstances including using "phishing website" links, impersonating the employees of judicial agencies, defrauding minors and students, and causing a victim to commit suicide and that Chen Minghui committed both completed and attempted crimes of fraud punishable by the same sentencing range, fully embodying the spirit of severe punishment of such crime. 本案作为高考学生被骗后猝死、自杀等重大案件之一,经媒体报导后,舆论高度关注,法院审理过程中适用“两高一部”《关于办理电信网络诈骗等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见》规定,以陈明慧组织、指挥电信诈骗团伙,有利用“钓鱼网站”链接、冒充司法机关工作人员、诈骗未成年人、在校学生、造成一名被害人自杀等多个从重处罚情节,在陈明慧实施诈骗既有既遂又有未遂,且达到同一量刑幅度的情况下,以诈骗罪既遂处罚,充分体现了对此类犯罪从严惩处的精神。
IV. People v. Li Shiquan et al. (69 persons) (case of fraud)   四、李时权等69人诈骗案
1. Basic facts (一)基本案情
Defendant Li Shiquan was knowledgeable about the operational mode of pyramid schemes because he used to engage in pyramid selling activities, and he established a fraud criminal group consisting of more than 140 persons under the mode. Li Shiquan, as the general manager of the fraud criminal group fully responsible for controlling the activities of the criminal group, appointed defendants Wu Yueqiong, Wu Guifei, Yan Qunxia, Yan Yanfei, Luo Jin, and Hu Ping'an, among others, as the main managers, established fraud sites, arranged for the main managers to monitor and manage each site, arranged for special persons to teach methods for committing crime, collected funds obtained from fraud, and distributed proceeds of crime. The criminal group adopted an organization management mode of multilevel marketing organizations: general manager, managers, directors, business supervisors, and salespersons. It required each new member to pay an entrance fee of 2,900 yuan per transaction, offered rebates level by level according to a certain percentage, regarded contributions to the organization as a performance standard for member promotion, used level-by-level rebates as rewards and incentives at all levels, and continued to entice others to join the fraud group. From January 2016 to December 15, 2016, the criminal group established ten fraud sites in Guyuan City, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. Several offline fraudsters obtained the information of victims from across the country from dating websites such as youyuan.com and baihe.com, added victims as to the contract lists of mobile WeChat, QQ, and other instant messaging services, gained the trust of victims under the pretense of finding dates and making friends as single women to entice victims to join the organization, or failing that, request them to pay travel expenses, telephone expenses, medical expenses, and other expenses, and conducted fraudulent activities against unspecified victims. The criminal activities of fraud affected 31 provinces, municipalities directly under the Central Government, and autonomous regions across the country, and the illegal proceeds of fraud amounted to more than 9.2 million yuan.
......
 被告人李时权曾从事传销活动,掌握了传销组织的运作模式,在该模式下建立起140余人的诈骗犯罪集团。李时权作为诈骗犯罪集团的总经理,全面负责掌握犯罪集团的活动,任命被告人吴月琼、吴贵飞、闫群霞、闫燕飞、骆金、胡平安等人为主要管理人员,设立诈骗窝点并安排主要管理人员对各个窝点进行监控和管理,安排专人传授犯罪方法,收取诈骗所得资金,分配犯罪所得。该犯罪集团采用总经理-经理-主任-业务主管-业务员的层级传销组织管理模式,对新加入成员要求每人按照2900元一单的数额缴纳入门费,按照一定的比例数额层层返利,向组织交单作为成员晋升的业绩标准,层层返利作为对各层级的回报和利益刺激,不断诱骗他人加入该诈骗集团。2016年1月至2016年12月15日期间,该犯罪集团在宁夏回族自治区固原市设立十个诈骗窝点,由多名下线诈骗人员从“有缘网”“百合网”等婚恋交友网站上获取全国各地被害人信息,利用手机微信、QQ等实时通讯工具将被害人加为好友,再冒充单身女性以找对象、交朋友为名取得被害人信任,能骗来加入组织的加入组织,不能骗来的向其索要路费、电话费、疾病救治费等费用,对不特定的被害人实施诈骗活动,诈骗犯罪活动涉及全国31个省市自治区,诈骗非法所得920余万元。
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