| Announcement of the Supreme People's Court of the People's Republic of China | | 中华人民共和国最高人民法院公告 |
| The Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Trial Supervision Procedure of the Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China, as adopted at the 1453rd meeting of the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court on November 10, 2008, is hereby issued, and shall come into force on December 1, 2008. | | 最高人民法院《关于适用〈中华人民共和国民事诉讼法〉审判监督程序若干问题的解释》已于2008年11月10日由最高人民法院审判委员会第1453次会议通过，现予公布，自2008年12月1日起施行。 |
| November 25, 2008 | | 二○○八年十一月二十五日 |
| Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court on Several Issues Concerning the Application of the Trial Supervision Procedure of the Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China | | 最高人民法院关于适用《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》审判监督程序若干问题的解释 |
| (No. 14 [2008] of the Supreme People's Court) | | （法释〔2008〕14号） |
| To guarantee the right to petition for retrial of the parties, regulate the trial supervision procedure, and protect the lawful rights and interests of all parties, according to the Civil Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China as amended on October 28, 2007 and in light of judicial practices, we hereby interpret several issues concerning the application of law in the trial supervision procedure as follows: | | 为了保障当事人申请再审权利，规范审判监督程序，维护各方当事人的合法权益，根据2007年10月28日修正的《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》，结合审判实践，对审判监督程序中适用法律的若干问题作出如下解释： |
| Article 1 Where a party petitions to the people's court at the next higher level than the people's court of the original trial for retrial for a reason mentioned in Article 179 of the Civil Procedure Law within the time limit as set forth in Article 184 of the Civil Procedure Law, the people's court at the next higher level shall accept the petition according to law. | | 第一条 当事人在民事诉讼法第一百八十四条规定的期限内，以民事诉讼法第一百七十九条所列明的再审事由，向原审人民法院的上一级人民法院申请再审的，上一级人民法院应当依法受理。 |
| Article 2 For the time limit for petition for retrial as mentioned in Article 184 of the Civil Procedure Law, provisions on the suspension, interruption or extension of such time limit shall not apply. | | 第二条 民事诉讼法第一百八十四条规定的申请再审期间不适用中止、中断和延长的规定。 |
| Article 3 To petition for retrial, a party shall submit a retrial petition to the people's court and submit the duplicates of such petition based on the number of the opposing parties. | | 第三条 当事人申请再审，应当向人民法院提交再审申请书，并按照对方当事人人数提出副本。 |
| The people's court shall check whether the retrial petition has covered the following matters: | | 人民法院应当审查再审申请书是否载明下列事项： |
| (1) Name, domicile, valid contact information and other basic information about the retrial petitioner and the opposing party; title and domicile of corporate bodies or other organizations, name, position and valid contact information of their legal representatives or chief persons in charge, and other basic information; | | （一）申请再审人与对方当事人的姓名、住所及有效联系方式等基本情况；法人或其他组织的名称、住所和法定代表人或主要负责人的姓名、职务及有效联系方式等基本情况； |
| (2) Name of the people's court of the original trial, and the case number of the original judgment, ruling or mediation paper; | | （二）原审人民法院的名称，原判决、裁定、调解文书案号； |
| (3) Legal circumstances, specific factss and reasons under which the retrial petition is made; and | | （三）申请再审的法定情形及具体事实、理由； |
| (4) The specific claim made in the retrial petition. | | （四）具体的再审请求。 |
| Article 4 To petition for retrial, a party shall submit a written judgment, ruling or mediation paper that has come into legal force, an identity certificate and the relevant evidence materials to the people's court. | | 第四条 当事人申请再审，应当向人民法院提交已经发生法律效力的判决书、裁定书、调解书，身份证明及相关证据材料。 |
| Article 5 Where a non-party makes a claim for the subject matter of enforcement as determined in the original judgment, ruling or mediation paper but is unable to file a new suit to solve the dispute, the non-party may, within two years after the said judgment, ruling or mediation paper becomes effective or within three months after knowing or being supposed to know that his/her interests have been impaired, petition for retrial to the people's court at the next higher level than the people's court which rendered the original judgment, ruling or mediation paper. | | 第五条 案外人对原判决、裁定、调解书确定的执行标的物主张权利，且无法提起新的诉讼解决争议的，可以在判决、裁定、调解书发生法律效力后二年内，或者自知道或应当知道利益被损害之日起三个月内，向作出原判决、裁定、调解书的人民法院的上一级人民法院申请再审。 |
| If a non-party files any written opposition concerning the subject matter of enforcement in the enforcement process, it shall be handled in pursuance of Article 204 of the Civil Procedure Law. | | 在执行过程中，案外人对执行标的提出书面异议的，按照民事诉讼法第二百零四条的规定处理。 |
| Article 6 Where the retrial petition or any other material submitted by a retrial petitioner does not conform to Article 3 or 4 of this Interpretation, or contains any information of personal attack, that may intensify the situation, the people's court shall require the retrial petitioner to make a supplementation or correction. | | 第六条 申请再审人提交的再审申请书或者其他材料不符合本解释第三条、第四条的规定，或者有人身攻击等内容，可能引起矛盾激化的，人民法院应当要求申请再审人补充或改正。 |
| Article 7 A people's court shall, within five days after receiving a retrial petition and the relevant materials that satisfy the prescribed conditions, finish going through the acceptance registration formalities including serving a notice of acceptance upon the retrial petitioner, and serve a notice of acceptance and a duplicate of the retrial petitioner upon the opposing party. | | 第七条 人民法院应当自收到符合条件的再审申请书等材料后五日内完成向申请再审人发送受理通知书等受理登记手续，并向对方当事人发送受理通知书及再审申请书副本。 |
| Article 8 After accepting a retrial petition, a people's court shall form a collegial panel to review it. | | 第八条 人民法院受理再审申请后，应当组成合议庭予以审查。 |
| Article 9 The focus of the review conducted by a people's court on a retrial petition shall be whether the reason for retrial is tenable. | | 第九条 人民法院对再审申请的审查，应当围绕再审事由是否成立进行。 |
| Article 10 Where a retrial petitioner submits any of the following evidence, a people's court may determine it as the “new evidence” as mentioned in Item 1, Paragraph 1, Article 179 of the Civil Procedure Law: | | 第十条 申请再审人提交下列证据之一的，人民法院可以认定为民事诉讼法第一百七十九条第一款第（一）项规定的“新的证据”： |
| (1) Evidence existing before the end of the original trial but discovered thereafter; | | （一）原审庭审结束前已客观存在庭审结束后新发现的证据； |
| (2) Evidence discovered before the end of the original trial but unacquirable due to objective reasons or unavailable within the prescribed time; or | | （二）原审庭审结束前已经发现，但因客观原因无法取得或在规定的期限内不能提供的证据； |
| (3) Evidence based on which the person who made the original conclusion of expert evaluation or transcript of on-site investigation overthrows the original conclusion upon reevaluation or reinvestigation after the end of the original trial. | | （三）原审庭审结束后原作出鉴定结论、勘验笔录者重新鉴定、勘验，推翻原结论的证据。 |
| Substantive evidence provided by the party concerned in the original trial which was not cross-examined or attested in the original trial but is conducive enough to reverse the original judgment or ruling shall be deemed as new evidence. | | 当事人在原审中提供的主要证据，原审未予质证、认证，但足以推翻原判决、裁定的，应当视为新的证据。 |
| Article 11 Facts which have a substantial impact on the original judgment or ruling and are used to determine such major matters as the competence of the party, the nature of case, or the specific rights, obligations and civil responsibilities shall be determined as the “basic facts” as mentioned in Item 2, Paragraph 1, Article 179 of the Civil Procedure Law. | | 第十一条 对原判决、裁定的结果有实质影响、用以确定当事人主体资格、案件性质、具体权利义务和民事责任等主要内容所依据的事实，人民法院应当认定为民事诉讼法第一百七十九条第一款第（二）项规定的“基本事实”。 |
| Article 12 The term “evidence necessary for adjudicating a case” as mentioned in Item 5, Paragraph 1, Article 179 of the Civil Procedure Law refers to evidence which a people's court must have to ascertain the basic facts of a case. | | 第十二条 民事诉讼法 |
| Article 13 Where the application of laws, regulations or judicial interpretations in the original judgment or ruling is under any of the following circumstances, a people's court shall decide it as “an error in the application of law” as mentioned in Item 6, Paragraph 1, Article 179 of the Civil Procedure Law: | | 第十三条 原判决、裁定适用法律、法规或司法解释有下列情形之一的，人民法院应当认定为民事诉讼法第一百七十九条第一款第（六）项规定的“适用法律确有错误”： |
| (1) Laws applied are obviously incommensurate with the nature of the case; | | （一）适用的法律与案件性质明显不符的； |
| (2) The civil liability is determined obviously in contravention of the agreement reached by the parties or provisions of laws; | | （二）确定民事责任明显违背当事人约定或者法律规定的； |
(3) Laws applied have become invalid or have not come into force yet;
．．．．．． | | （三）适用已经失效或尚未施行的法律的；
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