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Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Amending the Administrative Litigation Law of the People's Republic of China (2014) [Effective]
全国人大常委会关于修改《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》的决定(2014) [现行有效]
【法宝引证码】

Order of the President of the People's Republic of China 

中华人民共和国主席令

(No. 15) (第十五号)

The Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Amending the Administrative Litigation Law of the People's Republic of China, as adopted at the 11th session of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on November 1, 2014, is hereby issued, and shall come into force on May 1, 2015. 《全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改〈中华人民共和国行政诉讼法〉的决定》已由中华人民共和国第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议于2014年11月1日通过,现予公布,自2015年5月1日起施行。
President of the People's Republic of China: Xi Jinping 中华人民共和国主席 习近平
November 1, 2014 2014年11月1日
Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress on Amending the Administrative Litigation Law of the People's Republic of China 全国人民代表大会常务委员会关于修改《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》的决定
(Adopted at the 11th session of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on November 1, 2014) (2014年11月1日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议通过)
As decided at the 11th session of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress, the Administrative Litigation Law of the People's Republic of China shall be amended as follows: 第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议决定对《中华人民共和国行政诉讼法》作如下修改:
1. Article 1 is amended to read: “To ensure the impartial and timely trial of administrative cases by the people's courts, settle administrative disputes, protect the lawful rights and interests of citizens, legal persons, and other organizations, and oversee administrative agencies' exercise of power according to the law, this Law is developed in accordance with the Constitution.”   一、将第一条修改为:“为保证人民法院公正、及时审理行政案件,解决行政争议,保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益,监督行政机关依法行使职权,根据宪法,制定本法。”
2. In Article 2, one paragraph is added as paragraph 2: “The term “administrative action” as mentioned in the preceding paragraph includes administrative actions taken by an organization empowered by a law, regulation, or rule.”   二、第二条增加一款,作为第二款:“前款所称行政行为,包括法律、法规、规章授权的组织作出的行政行为。”
3. One article is added as Article 3: “The people's courts shall protect the right of a citizen, a legal person, or any other organization to file a complaint, and accept, according to the law, administrative cases that shall be accepted.   三、增加一条,作为第三条:“人民法院应当保障公民、法人和其他组织的起诉权利,对应当受理的行政案件依法受理。
“Administrative agencies and the employees thereof may not interfere with or impede the acceptance of administrative cases by the people's courts. “行政机关及其工作人员不得干预、阻碍人民法院受理行政案件。
“The person in charge of an administrative agency against which a complaint is filed shall appear in court to respond to the complaint, or, if he or she is unable to appear in court, authorize a relevant employee of the administrative agency to appear in court.” “被诉行政机关负责人应当出庭应诉。不能出庭的,应当委托行政机关相应的工作人员出庭。”
4. Article 11 is renumbered as Article 12, in which paragraph 1 is amended to read: “The people's courts shall accept the following complaints filed by citizens, legal persons, or other organizations:   四、将第十一条改为第十二条,将第一款修改为:“人民法院受理公民、法人或者其他组织提起的下列诉讼:
“(1) A complaint against any administrative punishment, such as administrative detention, suspension or revocation of a license or permit, ordered suspension of production or business, confiscation of illegal income, confiscation of illegal property, a fine, or a warning. “(一)对行政拘留、暂扣或者吊销许可证和执照、责令停产停业、没收违法所得、没收非法财物、罚款、警告等行政处罚不服的;
“(2) A complaint against any administrative compulsory measure, such as restriction of personal freedom or seizure, impoundment, or freezing of property, or administrative enforcement. “(二)对限制人身自由或者对财产的查封、扣押、冻结等行政强制措施和行政强制执行不服的;
“(3) A complaint against an administrative agency's denial of, or failure to respond within the statutory period to, an application for administrative licensing or any other administrative licensing decision made by the administrative agency. “(三)申请行政许可,行政机关拒绝或者在法定期限内不予答复,或者对行政机关作出的有关行政许可的其他决定不服的;
“(4) A complaint against an administrative agency's decision to confirm the ownership or the right to use any natural resource, such as land, mineral resources, water, forest, hill, grassland, wasteland, tidal flat, or sea area. “(四)对行政机关作出的关于确认土地、矿藏、水流、森林、山岭、草原、荒地、滩涂、海域等自然资源的所有权或者使用权的决定不服的;
“(5) A complaint against a decision on expropriation or requisition or a decision on compensation for expropriation or requisition. “(五)对征收、征用决定及其补偿决定不服的;
“(6) A complaint against an administrative agency's refusal to perform, or failure to respond to an application for the administrative agency to perform, its statutory duties and responsibilities in respect of protecting personal rights, property rights, and other lawful rights and interests. “(六)申请行政机关履行保护人身权、财产权等合法权益的法定职责,行政机关拒绝履行或者不予答复的;
“(7) A complaint claiming that an administrative agency has infringed upon the plaintiff's autonomy in business management, right in the contractual operations on rural land, or right in operations on rural land. “(七)认为行政机关侵犯其经营自主权或者农村土地承包经营权、农村土地经营权的;
“(8) A complaint claiming that an administrative agency has abused its administrative power to preclude or restrict competition. “(八)认为行政机关滥用行政权力排除或者限制竞争的;
“(9) A complaint claiming that an administrative agency has illegally raised funds or apportioned expenses or illegally required performance of other obligations. “(九)认为行政机关违法集资、摊派费用或者违法要求履行其他义务的;
“(10) A complaint claiming that an administrative agency has failed to pay consolation money, minimum subsistence, or social insurance benefits according to the law. “(十)认为行政机关没有依法支付抚恤金、最低生活保障待遇或者社会保险待遇的;
“(11) A complaint claiming that an administrative agency has failed to perform according to the law or as agreed upon, or illegally modified or rescinded, an agreement, such as a government concession agreement or a land and building expropriation compensation agreement. “(十一)认为行政机关不依法履行、未按照约定履行或者违法变更、解除政府特许经营协议、土地房屋征收补偿协议等协议的;
“(12) A complaint claiming that an administrative agency has otherwise infringed upon personal rights, property rights, or other lawful rights and interests.” “(十二)认为行政机关侵犯其他人身权、财产权等合法权益的。”
5. Article 14 is renumbered as Article 15 and amended to read: “An Intermediate People's Court shall have jurisdiction over the following administrative cases as a court of first instance:   五、将第十四条改为第十五条,修改为:“中级人民法院管辖下列第一审行政案件:
“(1) A case filed against an administrative action taken by a department of the State Council or by a people's government at or above the county level. “(一)对国务院部门或者县级以上地方人民政府所作的行政行为提起诉讼的案件;
“(2) A case handled by the Customs. “(二)海关处理的案件;
“(3) A major or complicated case within its territorial jurisdiction. “(三)本辖区内重大、复杂的案件;
“(4) Other cases under the jurisdiction of an Intermediate People's Court as prescribed by the law.” “(四)其他法律规定由中级人民法院管辖的案件。”
6. Article 17 is renumbered as Article 18 and amended to read: “An administrative case shall be under the jurisdiction of the people's court at the place where the administrative agency taking the original administrative action is located. A case that has undergone reconsideration may also be under the jurisdiction of the people's court at the place where the reconsideration agency is located.   六、将第十七条改为第十八条,修改为:“行政案件由最初作出行政行为的行政机关所在地人民法院管辖。经复议的案件,也可以由复议机关所在地人民法院管辖。
“With the approval of the Supreme People's Court, a Higher People's Court may determine several people's courts that have jurisdiction over administrative cases across administrative regions.” “经最高人民法院批准,高级人民法院可以根据审判工作的实际情况,确定若干人民法院跨行政区域管辖行政案件。”
7. Article 20 is renumbered as Article 21 and amended to read: “Where two or more people's courts have jurisdiction over the same case, the plaintiff may file a complaint in one of these people's courts. If the plaintiff has filed a complaint in two or more people's courts that have jurisdiction over the case, the people's court that first dockets the case shall have jurisdiction.”   七、将第二十条改为第二十一条,修改为:“两个以上人民法院都有管辖权的案件,原告可以选择其中一个人民法院提起诉讼。原告向两个以上有管辖权的人民法院提起诉讼的,由最先立案的人民法院管辖。”
8. Article 21 is renumbered as Article 22 and amended to read: “Where a people's court finds that a case accepted is not under its jurisdiction, it shall transfer the case to the people's court that has jurisdiction over the case, and the people's court to which the case is transferred shall accept the case. If the people's court to which the case is transferred deems that the case is not under its jurisdiction either according to the relevant provisions, it shall report to the people's court at a higher level for designated jurisdiction, and may not transfer the case to another people's court on its own initiative.”   八、将第二十一条改为第二十二条,修改为:“人民法院发现受理的案件不属于本院管辖的,应当移送有管辖权的人民法院,受移送的人民法院应当受理。受移送的人民法院认为受移送的案件按照规定不属于本院管辖的,应当报请上级人民法院指定管辖,不得再自行移送。”
9. Article 23 is renumbered as Article 24 and amended to read: “A people's court at a higher level shall have the power to try administrative cases over which a people's court at a lower level has jurisdiction as a court of first instance.   九、将第二十三条改为第二十四条,修改为:“上级人民法院有权审理下级人民法院管辖的第一审行政案件。
“Where a people's court at a lower level deems that it is necessary for a people's court at a higher level to try an administrative case over which the people's court at a lower level has jurisdiction as a court of first instance or to designate jurisdiction over the case, it may report the case to the people's court at a higher level for decision.” “下级人民法院对其管辖的第一审行政案件,认为需要由上级人民法院审理或者指定管辖的,可以报请上级人民法院决定。”
10. Article 24 is renumbered as Article 25, in which paragraph 1 is amended to read: “A person subjected to an administrative action or any other person which is a citizen, a legal person, or any other organization with an interest in the administrative action shall have the right to file a complaint against the administrative action.”   十、将第二十四条改为第二十五条,将第一款修改为:“行政行为的相对人以及其他与行政行为有利害关系的公民、法人或者其他组织,有权提起诉讼。”
11. Article 25 is renumbered as Article 26, in which paragraph 2 is amended to read: “For a case that has undergone reconsideration, if the reconsideration agency's decision sustains the original administrative action, the administrative agency taking the original administrative action and the reconsideration agency shall be co-defendants; or, if the reconsideration agency's decision modifies the original administrative action, the reconsideration agency shall be the defendant.   十一、将第二十五条改为第二十六条,将第二款修改为:“经复议的案件,复议机关决定维持原行政行为的,作出原行政行为的行政机关和复议机关是共同被告;复议机关改变原行政行为的,复议机关是被告。”
One paragraph is added as paragraph 3: “If the reconsideration agency fails to make a reconsideration decision during the statutory period, and a citizen, a legal person, or any other organization files a complaint against the original administrative action, the administrative agency taking the original administrative action shall be the defendant; or if a complaint is filed against the inaction of the reconsideration agency, the reconsideration agency shall be the defendant.” 增加一款,作为第三款:“复议机关在法定期限内未作出复议决定,公民、法人或者其他组织起诉原行政行为的,作出原行政行为的行政机关是被告;起诉复议机关不作为的,复议机关是被告。”
Paragraph 4 is renumbered as paragraph 5 and amended to read: “For an administrative action taken by an organization as authorized by an administrative agency, the authorizing administrative agency shall be the defendant.” 将第四款改为第五款,修改为:“行政机关委托的组织所作的行政行为,委托的行政机关是被告。”
Paragraph 5 is renumbered as paragraph 6 and amended to read: “Where an administrative agency is abolished or its powers are modified, the administrative agency that succeeds to such powers shall be the defendant.” 将第五款改为第六款,修改为:“行政机关被撤销或者职权变更的,继续行使其职权的行政机关是被告。”
12. Article 26 is renumbered as Article 27 and amended to read: “Where one side or both sides in an administrative case arising from the same administrative action consist of two or more parties, or, where the people's court deems that two or more administrative cases arising from the same type of administrative actions may be concurrently tried upon consent of the parties to such cases, such a procedure is a joinder of proceedings.”   十二、将第二十六条改为第二十七条,修改为:“当事人一方或者双方为二人以上,因同一行政行为发生的行政案件,或者因同类行政行为发生的行政案件、人民法院认为可以合并审理并经当事人同意的,为共同诉讼。”
13. One article is added as Article 28: “Where one side in a joinder of proceedings consists of a large number of parties, such parties may elect a representative or representatives from among them to proceed. The conduct of such a representative in the proceedings shall be binding upon all the parties represented; however, to modify or relinquish any claims or admit any claims of the opposing party, such a representative must obtain the consent of the parties represented.”   十三、增加一条,作为第二十八条:“当事人一方人数众多的共同诉讼,可以由当事人推选代表人进行诉讼。代表人的诉讼行为对其所代表的当事人发生效力,但代表人变更、放弃诉讼请求或者承认对方当事人的诉讼请求,应当经被代表的当事人同意。”
14. Article 27 is renumbered as Article 29 and amended to read: “Where a citizen, a legal person, or any other organization with an interest in the administrative action alleged in a complaint does not file a complaint against the administrative action, or where a citizen, a legal person, or any other organization has an interest in the outcome of the case, the citizen, legal person, or other organization may, as a third party, file a request for participating in the proceedings or participate in the proceedings as notified by the people's court.   十四、将第二十七条改为第二十九条,修改为:“公民、法人或者其他组织同被诉行政行为有利害关系但没有提起诉讼,或者同案件处理结果有利害关系的,可以作为第三人申请参加诉讼,或者由人民法院通知参加诉讼。
“Where a people's court enters a judgment that imposes any obligation on a third party or impairs the rights and interests of the third party, the third party shall have the right to file an appeal according to the law.” “人民法院判决第三人承担义务或者减损第三人权益的,第三人有权依法提起上诉。”
15. Article 29 is renumbered as Article 31 and amended to read: “A party or a legal representative may retain one or two persons as litigation representatives.   十五、将第二十九条改为第三十一条,修改为:“当事人、法定代理人,可以委托一至二人作为诉讼代理人。
“The following persons may serve as a litigation representative: “下列人员可以被委托为诉讼代理人:
“(1) A lawyer, or a legal service worker at the basic level. “(一)律师、基层法律服务工作者;
“(2) A close relative or staff member of a party. “(二)当事人的近亲属或者工作人员;
“(3) A citizen recommended by a party's community or employer or by a relevant social group.” “(三)当事人所在社区、单位以及有关社会团体推荐的公民。”
16. Article 30 is renumbered as Article 32 and amended to read: “Lawyers who represent the parties to a case shall have the right to consult and copy materials related to the case according to the relevant provisions and the right to investigate and collect evidence related to the case from relevant organizations and citizens. Materials which involve any state secret, trade secret, or individual privacy shall be kept confidential according to the law.   十六、将第三十条改为第三十二条,修改为:“代理诉讼的律师,有权按照规定查阅、复制本案有关材料,有权向有关组织和公民调查,收集与本案有关的证据。对涉及国家秘密、商业秘密和个人隐私的材料,应当依照法律规定保密。
“The parties and other litigation representatives shall have the right to consult and copy materials related to the court trial, except the portions involving any state secret, trade secret, or individual privacy.” “当事人和其他诉讼代理人有权按照规定查阅、复制本案庭审材料,但涉及国家秘密、商业秘密和个人隐私的内容除外。”
17. Article 31 is renumbered as Article 33 and amended to read: “Evidence includes:   十七、将第三十一条改为第三十三条,修改为:“证据包括:
“(1) documentary evidence; “(一)书证;
“(2) physical evidence; “(二)物证;
“(3) audio and video recordings; “(三)视听资料;
“(4) electronic data; “(四)电子数据;
“(5) witness testimony; “(五)证人证言;
“(6) statement of a party; “(六)当事人的陈述;
“(7) opinion of a forensic identification or evaluation expert; and “(七)鉴定意见;
“(8) survey transcripts and on-site disposition transcripts. “(八)勘验笔录、现场笔录。
“The aforesaid evidence must be verified in court before being used as a basis for finding the facts of a case.” “以上证据经法庭审查属实,才能作为认定案件事实的根据。”
18. Article 32 is renumbered as Article 34, in which one paragraph is added as paragraph 2: “Where the defendant fails to provide, or provides beyond the prescribed time limit without a good reason, any evidence, it shall be deemed that the evidence does not exist, unless the evidence is provided by a third party because the alleged administrative action involves the lawful rights and interests of the third party.”   十八、将第三十二条改为第三十四条,增加一款,作为第二款:“被告不提供或者无正当理由逾期提供证据,视为没有相应证据。但是,被诉行政行为涉及第三人合法权益,第三人提供证据的除外。”
19. Article 33 is renumbered as Article 35 and amended to read: “In the course of litigation, the defendant or a litigation representative thereof may not directly collect evidence from the plaintiff, a third party, or a witness.”   十九、将第三十三条改为第三十五条,修改为:“在诉讼过程中,被告及其诉讼代理人不得自行向原告、第三人和证人收集证据。”
20. Three articles are added as Articles 36, 37, and 38:   二十、增加三条,作为第三十六条、第三十七条、第三十八条:
“Article 36 Where the defendant had collected evidence when taking the administrative action, but is unable to provide such evidence for a good reason such as a force majeure, with the permission of the people's court, the time limit for the defendant to provide such evidence may be extended. “第三十六条 被告在作出行政行为时已经收集了证据,但因不可抗力等正当事由不能提供的,经人民法院准许,可以延期提供。
“Where the plaintiff or a third party provides any ground or evidence that was not provided in the defendant's administrative disposition procedures, with the permission of the people's court, the defendant may provide additional evidence. “原告或者第三人提出了其在行政处理程序中没有提出的理由或者证据的,经人民法院准许,被告可以补充证据。
“Article 37 The plaintiff may provide evidence to prove that the alleged administrative action was taken in violation of the law. The inadmissibility of evidence provided by the plaintiff shall not relieve the defendant from the burden of proof. “第三十七条 原告可以提供证明行政行为违法的证据。原告提供的证据不成立的,不免除被告的举证责任。
“Article 38 Where a complaint is filed for the defendant's failure to perform its statutory duties and responsibilities, the plaintiff shall provide evidence to prove that it has filed a request for such performance with the defendant, except under either of the following circumstances: “第三十八条 在起诉被告不履行法定职责的案件中,原告应当提供其向被告提出申请的证据。但有下列情形之一的除外:
(1) The defendant shall actively perform its statutory duties and responsibilities as required by its powers. “(一)被告应当依职权主动履行法定职责的;
(2) The plaintiff is unable to provide evidence for a good reason. “(二)原告因正当理由不能提供证据的。
“In a case of administrative compensation or indemnity, the plaintiff shall provide evidence on the damage caused by the administrative action. If the inability of the plaintiff to provide such evidence is caused by the defendant, the defendant shall have the burden of proof.” “在行政赔偿、补偿的案件中,原告应当对行政行为造成的损害提供证据。因被告的原因导致原告无法举证的,由被告承担举证责任。”
21. Article 34 is divided into Articles 39 and 40 and amended to read:   二十一、将第三十四条改为两条,作为第三十九条、第四十条,修改为:
“Article 39 A people's court shall have the power to require a party to provide evidence or provide additional evidence. “第三十九条 人民法院有权要求当事人提供或者补充证据。
“Article 40 A people's court shall have the power to subpoena evidence from the relevant administrative agencies, other organizations, and citizens, but may not, for the purpose of proving the legality of an administrative, subpoena any evidence that had not been collected by the defendant when taking the administrative action.” “第四十条 人民法院有权向有关行政机关以及其他组织、公民调取证据。但是,不得为证明行政行为的合法性调取被告作出行政行为时未收集的证据。”
22. One article is added as Article 41: “The plaintiff or a third party in a case may apply to the people's court for subpoenaing the following evidence related to the case which the plaintiff or third party is unable to collect independently:   二十二、增加一条,作为第四十一条:“与本案有关的下列证据,原告或者第三人不能自行收集的,可以申请人民法院调取:
“(1) Evidence preserved by a state organ which may be obtained by a subpoena of a people's court. “(一)由国家机关保存而须由人民法院调取的证据;
“(2) Evidence which involves any state secret, trade secret, or individual privacy. “(二)涉及国家秘密、商业秘密和个人隐私的证据;
“(3) Other evidence which the plaintiff or a third party is unable to collect independently for objective reasons.” “(三)确因客观原因不能自行收集的其他证据。”
23. One article is added as Article 43: “Evidence shall be presented in court and cross-examined by the parties. Evidence involving any state secret, trade secret, or individual privacy may not be presented in an open court.
......
   二十三、增加一条,作为第四十三条:“证据应当在法庭上出示,并由当事人互相质证。对涉及国家秘密、商业秘密和个人隐私的证据,不得在公开开庭时出示。
......

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