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Opinions of the Supreme People's Court and the China Disabled Persons' Federation on Effectively Protecting the Disabled Persons' Lawful Rights and Interests in Trial and Enforcement [Effective]
最高人民法院、中国残疾人联合会关于在审判执行工作中切实维护残疾人合法权益的意见 [现行有效]
【法宝引证码】

Opinions of the Supreme People's Court and the China Disabled Persons' Federation on Effectively Protecting the Disabled Persons' Lawful Rights and Interests in Trial and Enforcement 

最高人民法院、中国残疾人联合会关于在审判执行工作中切实维护残疾人合法权益的意见

(No. 15 [2018] of the Supreme People's Court) (法发[2018]15号)

The higher people's courts of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, the Military Court of the People's Liberation Army, the Production and Construction Corps Branch of the Higher People's Court of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; and the disabled persons' federations of all provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, the Disabled Persons' Federation under Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and the Disabled Persons' Federation under the Reclamation Area of Helongjiang Province: 各省、自治区、直辖市高级人民法院,解放军军事法院,新疆维吾尔自治区高级人民法院生产建设兵团分院;各省、自治区、直辖市残联,新疆生产建设兵团残联,黑龙江垦区残联:
Disabled persons are a group of people with special hardships and need additional care and protection from the whole society. Safeguarding the lawful rights and interests of the disabled persons is an important mission of the people's court in implementing the spirit of the 19th CPC National Congress and president Xi Jinping's thought on socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era and upholding the values of “human at the center and justice for people”. For the purposes of protecting disable persons' legitimate rights and interests and facilitating their participation in litigation activities, we hereby offer the following opinions based on the relevant laws and regulations, such as the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Protection of Disabled Persons. 残疾人是社会特殊困难群体,需要全社会格外关心、加倍爱护。切实维护残疾人合法权益,是人民法院深入贯彻党的十九大精神和习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想,坚持以人为本、司法为民的重要使命。为切实保障残疾人合法权益,方便残疾人参加诉讼活动,依据《中华人民共和国残疾人保障法》等法律规定,提出以下意见。
1. Basic requirements. The people's court shall, in accordance with the principle of “convenience to both” and the state's laws and policies of protecting disabled persons, focus on solving problems, apply policies based on the specific circumstances of cases, respond actively to the judicial needs of disabled persons, guarantee that disabled persons can participate in litigation activities in an adequate and convenient manner on an equal footing, and continuously improve the capability and level in providing judicial services and guarantees to disabled persons. The disabled persons' federations shall perform their duties and play an active part in providing support and assistance to disabled persons in participating in litigation activities. 1.基本要求。人民法院应当按照诉讼两便原则和国家保障残疾人的法律、政策,坚持问题导向,因案施策,积极回应残疾人的司法需求,保障残疾人平等、充分、方便地参与诉讼活动,不断提升为残疾人提供司法服务和保障工作的能力和水平。残疾人联合会应当依法履责,积极为残疾人参加诉讼活动提供支持和帮助。
2. Strengthen communication and collaboration. When handling a case involving a disabled person or disabled persons, efforts shall be made to strengthen communication with people's organizations (including the disabled persons' federations), relevant governmental departments, as well as the entities, communities, neighborhood committees and villagers' committees of the disabled person(s), gain an understanding of the overall situation, encourage sufficient communication and coordination, step up efforts in addressing the disabled persons' actual difficulties, and join forces in effectively protecting their lawful rights and interests. 2.加强沟通协作。办理涉残疾人案件,应加强同残疾人联合会等人民团体、政府有关部门以及残疾人所在单位、社区、居民委员会、村民委员会等的沟通联系,全面了解情况,充分沟通协调,推动解决残疾当事人的实际困难,合力做好维护残疾人合法权益工作。
3. Make it easier for disabled persons to file a case. For a disabled person with traffic inconvenience, the people's court can directly put a case on file for him; and green channels, such as Internet, visits and phone calls, can be used to help file the case rapidly. If a disabled person feels it difficult to write a complaint, he may verbally file the complaint, and the people's court shall transcribe the complaint; if the content of a disabled person's complaint is incomplete or incorrect, he shall be notified in one time of the content that needs corrections and be given instructions. 3.方便残疾人立案。对交通不便的涉残疾人案件,可由人民法庭直接立案;积极采用网上立案、上门立案、电话立案等绿色通道快速立案。残疾人书写起诉状确有困难的,可以口头起诉,由人民法院记入笔录;提交的起诉状内容有欠缺或者错误的,应当一次性告知需要补正的内容,并予以指导。
4. Give more effective litigation guidance. More guidance and explanations shall be given to disabled persons on litigation procedures, to ensure that their litigation rights be exercised in accordance with the law. Where a disabled person bas difficulty in collecting evidences on his own, the requirements for investigation and evidence collection shall be relaxed in accordance with the law. Where a disabled person applies for property preservation, the method of providing security to property preservation shall be determined based on the case's actual circumstances and the disabled person's actual conditions. 4.加强诉讼引导。对残疾当事人要加强诉讼程序的引导和释明,保障其依法行使诉讼权利。对确有困难无法自行收集证据的残疾当事人,依法放宽职权调查取证的条件。对残疾当事人申请保全的,根据案件具体情况和残疾当事人的实际,依法合理确定保全担保的方式。
5. Apply the guardianship system according to the law. Where a disabled person with no civil conduct capacity or limited civil conduct capacity participates in an action, his guardian shall participate in the action on his behalf as his legal representative. Where no guardian is determined in advance, persons legally qualified for guardianship may determine the guardian through consultation. Should consultation fail, a guardian shall be designated from the persons legally qualified for guardianship under the principle of “being in the best interest of the person under guardianship” and with his true wills respected. Those who are not legally qualified for guardianship shall participate in the action as the disabled person's legal representative in accordance with Article 32 of the General Provisions of the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China.
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 5.依法适用监护制度。无民事行为能力、限制民事行为能力的残疾人参加诉讼的,应由其监护人作为法定代理人代为诉讼。事先没有确定监护人的,可以由有监护资格的人协商确定。协商不成的,按照最有利于被监护人的原则,尊重被监护人的真实意愿,在依法具有监护资格的人中指定监护人。没有依法具有监护资格的人的,可以依照民法总则三十二条规定指定有关组织担任诉讼代理人。
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