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| Opinions of the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuratorate and the Ministry of Public Security on Several Issues concerning the Application of Law in the Handling of Telecommunications Network Fraud and other Criminal Cases | | 最高人民法院、最高人民检察院、公安部关于办理电信网络诈骗等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的意见 |
| (No. 32 [2016] of the Supreme People's Court, to be in force on December 20, 2016) | | （法发[2016]32号 2016年12月20日实施） |
| For purposes of imposing punishment for telecommunications network fraud and other criminal activities, protecting the lawful rights and interests of citizens, legal persons and other organizations, and maintaining social order, these Opinions are developed in accordance with the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China, the Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China, and other laws and relevant judicial interpretations, and based on the actual work. | | 为依法惩治电信网络诈骗等犯罪活动，保护公民、法人和其他组织的合法权益，维护社会秩序，根据《中华人民共和国刑法》《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》等法律和有关司法解释的规定，结合工作实际，制定本意见。 |
| I. General requirements | | 一、总体要求 |
| Over recent years, the criminal activities of telecommunications network fraud conducted by making use of communication tools, the Internet and other technology means have been constantly, highly prevalent, infringing upon the personal information of citizens and disturbing the administration order of radio communications, and covering up and concealing gains from crimes and benefit therefrom, and other upstream and downstream relative offenses have continuously expanded. Such crimes have seriously infringed upon the property safety and other lawful rights and interests of the people, severely disturbed the order of the telecommunications network, grievously undermined social honesty, taken a bad toll on the sense of security of the people and the harmony and stability of society, and been detrimental to society, causing strong reaction from the people. | | 近年来，利用通讯工具、互联网等技术手段实施的电信网络诈骗犯罪活动持续高发，侵犯公民个人信息，扰乱无线电通讯管理秩序，掩饰、隐瞒犯罪所得、犯罪所得收益等上下游关联犯罪不断蔓延。此类犯罪严重侵害人民群众财产安全和其他合法权益，严重干扰电信网络秩序，严重破坏社会诚信，严重影响人民群众安全感和社会和谐稳定，社会危害性大，人民群众反映强烈。 |
| People's courts, people's procuratorates and public security departments shall, based on the characteristics of telecommunications network fraud and other crimes, adhere to whole-chain, all-around crackdown, stricter and quicker punishment in accordance with the law, and recovery of illicit property and loss to the maximum effect with maximum efforts, further improve the working mechanism, enhance cooperation, firmly and effectively contain telecommunications network fraud and other criminal activities, and make efforts to realize high unity of legal and social effect. | | 人民法院、人民检察院、公安机关要针对电信网络诈骗等犯罪的特点，坚持全链条全方位打击，坚持依法从严从快惩处，坚持最大力度最大限度追赃挽损，进一步健全工作机制，加强协作配合，坚决有效遏制电信网络诈骗等犯罪活动，努力实现法律效果和社会效果的高度统一。 |
| II. Imposing strict punishment for the crime of telecommunications network fraud in accordance with the law | | 二、依法严惩电信网络诈骗犯罪 |
| (1) Under Article 1 of the Interpretation of the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate on Several Issues Concerning the Specific Application of Law in the Trial of Criminal Cases on Swindling, where fraud is committed by making use of telecommunications network technology means, and the value of the public or private property so gained is not less than 3,000 yuan, not less than 30,000 yuan or not less than 500,000 yuan, it shall be deemed as a “relatively large amount”, “large amount” or “particularly large amount” as mentioned in Article 266 of the Criminal Law. | | （一）根据《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理诈骗刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》第一条的规定，利用电信网络技术手段实施诈骗，诈骗公私财物价值三千元以上、三万元以上、五十万元以上的，应当分别认定为刑法第二百六十六条规定的“数额较大”“数额巨大”“数额特别巨大”。 |
| One that has committed two or more telecommunications network frauds in two years and not been handled, and is punishable for accumulative aggregate of the amounts of property stolen in the frauds shall be convicted and punished in accordance with the law. | | 二年内多次实施电信网络诈骗未经处理，诈骗数额累计计算构成犯罪的，应当依法定罪处罚。 |
| (2) One that commits telecommunications network fraud, meets corresponding standards for amounts and falls under any of the following circumstances shall be subject to a heavier punishment as the case may be: | | （二）实施电信网络诈骗犯罪，达到相应数额标准，具有下列情形之一的，酌情从重处罚： |
| i. Causing suicide, death or mental disorder of a victim or any of his close relatives, or any other serious consequence. | | 1．造成被害人或其近亲属自杀、死亡或者精神失常等严重后果的； |
| ii. Committing fraud by posing as the functionary of a judiciary or any other state department. | | 2．冒充司法机关等国家机关工作人员实施诈骗的； |
| iii. Organizing or directing a telecommunications network fraud syndicate. | | 3．组织、指挥电信网络诈骗犯罪团伙的； |
| iv. Committing telecommunications network fraud overseas. | | 4．在境外实施电信网络诈骗的； |
| v. Used to be subject to criminal punishment for the crime of telecommunications network fraud, or, within two years, to administrative penalty for telecommunications network fraud. | | 5．曾因电信网络诈骗犯罪受过刑事处罚或者二年内曾因电信网络诈骗受过行政处罚的； |
| vi. Defrauding the disabled, the elderly, a minor, a student, or a person without ability to work of property, or defrauding a person suffering a critical disease or any of his relatives of property. | | 6．诈骗残疾人、老年人、未成年人、在校学生、丧失劳动能力人的财物，或者诈骗重病患者及其亲属财物的； |
| vii. Securing, by fraud, money or property for disaster relief, emergency rescue, flood prevention and control, special care for disabled servicemen and the families of revolutionary martyrs and servicemen, poverty alleviation, resident relocation, social relief, or medical care, among others. | | 7．诈骗救灾、抢险、防汛、优抚、扶贫、移民、救济、医疗等款物的； |
| viii. Committing fraud in the name of social public welfare or charity such as disaster relief and donation. | | 8．以赈灾、募捐等社会公益、慈善名义实施诈骗的； |
| ix. Making use of auto dialing systems and other technology to seriously disturb the work of public security and other departments. | | 9．利用电话追呼系统等技术手段严重干扰公安机关等部门工作的； |
| x. Making use of "phishing site" links, "Trojan horse" program links, network penetration or any other concealment technique to commit fraud. | | 10．利用“钓鱼网站”链接、“木马”程序链接、网络渗透等隐蔽技术手段实施诈骗的。 |
| (3) Where a person commits telecommunications network fraud, secures an amount of property through fraud close to the standards of "large amount" or "particularly large amount" and falls under any of the circumstances as specified in aforesaid (2), the fraud shall be determined to be under "other serious circumstances" or "other especially serious circumstances" as set out in Article 266 of the Criminal Law. | | （三）实施电信网络诈骗犯罪，诈骗数额接近“数额巨大”“数额特别巨大”的标准，具有前述第（二）条规定的情形之一的，应当分别认定为刑法第二百六十六条规定的“其他严重情节”“其他特别严重情节”。 |
| The "close to" in the aforesaid provisions shall be controlled to not less than 80% of the corresponding amount standards. | | 上述规定的“接近”，一般应掌握在相应数额标准的百分之八十以上。 |
| (4) Where telecommunications network fraud is committed and the criminal suspect or defendant actually gained property through the fraud, he shall be convicted of and punished for (committed) crime of fraud. Where the amount is hard to be verified but the fraud falls under the following circumstances, the fraud shall be determined to be under "other serious circumstances" as set out in Article 266 of the Criminal Law: | | （四）实施电信网络诈骗犯罪，犯罪嫌疑人、被告人实际骗得财物的，以诈骗罪（既遂）定罪处罚。诈骗数额难以查证，但具有下列情形之一的，应当认定为刑法第二百六十六条规定的“其他严重情节”，以诈骗罪（未遂）定罪处罚： |
| i. Sending not less than 5,000 fraud messages, or making not less than 500 fraud calls. | | 1．发送诈骗信息五千条以上的，或者拨打诈骗电话五百人次以上的； |
| ii. Publishing fraud information through the Internet and garnering accumulative total of not less than 5,000 page views. | | 2．在互联网上发布诈骗信息，页面浏览量累计五千次以上的。 |
| One that falls under the foregoing circumstances and gains an amount not less than ten times corresponding standards shall be determined to be under "especially serious circumstances" as set out in Article 266 of the Criminal Law, and convicted of and punished for (attempted) crime of fraud. | | 具有上述情形，数量达到相应标准十倍以上的，应当认定为刑法第二百六十六条规定的“其他特别严重情节”，以诈骗罪（未遂）定罪处罚。 |
| "Making fraud calls" as abovementioned shall include making fraud calls and answering calls made by victims. Where a phone number is repeatedly dialed, or calls from a number are repeatedly answered, or fraud messages are repeatedly sent to a victim, the amount of calls made or answered, or messages sent shall be calculated on an accumulative basis. | | 上述“拨打诈骗电话”，包括拨出诈骗电话和接听被害人回拨电话。反复拨打、接听同一电话号码，以及反复向同一被害人发送诈骗信息的，拨打、接听电话次数、发送信息条数累计计算。 |
| Where it is hard to collect the evidence of the amount of calls made or messages sent by reason that a criminal suspect or defendant intentionally conceals or destroys evidence, or for other reasons, the amount may be comprehensively determined based on the daily amount of calls made or message sent verified to be true, and the relevant evidence such as the time when the criminal suspect or defendant committed the crime, and the confession made by the criminal suspect or defendant. | | 因犯罪嫌疑人、被告人故意隐匿、毁灭证据等原因，致拨打电话次数、发送信息条数的证据难以收集的，可以根据经查证属实的日拨打人次数、日发送信息条数，结合犯罪嫌疑人、被告人实施犯罪的时间、犯罪嫌疑人、被告人的供述等相关证据，综合予以认定。 |
| (5) Where telecommunications network fraud contains attempted and committed crimes which respectively reach to various ranges of sentencing, the offender shall be subject to punishment according to provisions on heavier punishment; and if the same range of sentencing is reached, the offender shall be subject to punishment as if for attempted crime. | | （五）电信网络诈骗既有既遂，又有未遂，分别达到不同量刑幅度的，依照处罚较重的规定处罚；达到同一量刑幅度的，以诈骗罪既遂处罚。 |
| (6) When a defendant committing telecommunications network fraud is sentenced, the starting point for sentencing and benchmark punishment shall be determined generally by a higher standard. At the determination of the pronounced punishment, the range of adjustment of heavier or lighter sentencing circumstances shall, in comprehensive consideration of the facts and circumstances of the whole crime, be accurately grasped so as to ensure consistency of the severity of the punishment with the crime committed and the criminal liability assumed. | | （六）对实施电信网络诈骗犯罪的被告人裁量刑罚，在确定量刑起点、基准刑时，一般应就高选择。确定宣告刑时，应当综合全案事实情节，准确把握从重、从轻量刑情节的调节幅度，保证罪责刑相适应。 |
| (7) With respect to a defendant committing telecommunications network fraud, the scope of application of suspended sentence shall be strictly controlled and the conditions for the application of suspended sentence shall be strictly mastered. | | （七）对实施电信网络诈骗犯罪的被告人，应当严格控制适用缓刑的范围，严格掌握适用缓刑的条件。 |
(8) With respect to a defendant committing telecommunications network fraud, more attention shall be paid to the application of property-related punishment, and more economic punishment shall be imposed so as to deprive the defendant of the ability to commit any other crime to the maximum extent.
．．．．．． | | （八）对实施电信网络诈骗犯罪的被告人，应当更加注重依法适用财产刑，加大经济上的惩罚力度，最大限度剥夺被告人再犯的能力。
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