| Announcement of the Supreme People's Court | | 最高人民法院公告 |
| The Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on the Specific Application of Law in Handling Commutation and Parole Cases, as adopted at the 1693rd Session of the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court on September 19, 2016, are hereby issued, and shall come into force on January 1, 2017. | | 《最高人民法院关于办理减刑、假释案件具体应用法律的规定》已于2016年9月19日由最高人民法院审判委员会第1693次会议通过，现予公布，自2017年1月1日起施行。 |
| Supreme People's Court | | 最高人民法院 |
| November 14, 2016 | | 2016年11月14日 |
| Provisions of the Supreme People's Court on the Specific Application of Law in Handling Commutation and Parole Cases | | 最高人民法院关于办理减刑、假释案件具体应用法律的规定 |
| (Interpretation No. 23 [2016] of the Supreme People's Court, adopted at the 1693rd Session of the Judicial Committee of the Supreme People's Court on September 19, 2016 and to come into force on January 1, 2017) | | （2016年9月19日最高人民法院审判委员会第1693次会议通过，自2017年1月1日起施行 法释〔2016〕23号） |
| For purposes of ensuring the fair handling of commutation and parole cases, these Provisions are developed pursuant to the Criminal Law of the People's Republic of China, the Criminal Procedure Law of the People's Republic of China, the Prison Law of the People's Republic of China, and other laws and regulations, and based on juridical practices. | | 为确保依法公正办理减刑、假释案件，依据《中华人民共和国刑法》《中华人民共和国刑事诉讼法》《中华人民共和国监狱法》和其他法律规定，结合司法实践，制定本规定。 |
| Article 1 Commutation and parole are criminal punishment system encouraging the reform of criminals, and the application thereof shall be subject to the criminal policy combining punishment with leniency, in order to maximize the functions of criminal punishment and achieve the purpose of criminal punishment. | | 第一条 减刑、假释是激励罪犯改造的刑罚制度，减刑、假释的适用应当贯彻宽严相济刑事政策，最大限度地发挥刑罚的功能，实现刑罚的目的。 |
| Article 2 In the handling of a case that the criminal satisfies the conditions of "may have his sentence reduced" as set out in paragraph 1, Article 78 of the Criminal Law, comprehensive consideration shall be given to the nature and specific circumstances of the crime committed by the criminal, degree of social danger, criminal penalty originally imposed and performance of the property-related sentence in the valid judgment, behavior since handover for execution, and other factors. | | 第二条 对于罪犯符合刑法第七十八条第一款规定“可以减刑”条件的案件，在办理时应当综合考察罪犯犯罪的性质和具体情节、社会危害程度、原判刑罚及生效裁判中财产性判项的履行情况、交付执行后的一贯表现等因素。 |
| Article 3 "Truly repents" means concurrently satisfying the following conditions: | | 第三条 “确有悔改表现”是指同时具备以下条件： |
| (1) confessing to and repenting of crimes; | | （一）认罪悔罪； |
| (2) observing laws, regulations and prison rules, and being willing to accept reform through education; | | （二）遵守法律法规及监规，接受教育改造； |
| (3) vigorously participating in ideological, cultural, vocational and technical education; and | | （三）积极参加思想、文化、职业技术教育； |
| (4) vigorously participating in labor activities and putting forth efforts to fulfill labor tasks. | | （四）积极参加劳动，努力完成劳动任务。 |
| Where a criminal who has committed such crimes as duty-related crimes, crimes of undermining the order of financial management and financial fraud, and crimes of organizing (leading, participating in, harboring or conniving at) an organization with characteristics of a criminal syndicate is passive in returning illicit property, providing assistance in recovering illicit money and property, or making compensation for loss, or, when serving his sentence, intends to have his sentence commuted or receive parole by making use of his influence, social connections and other improper means, he shall not be determined to "truly repent." | | 对职务犯罪、破坏金融管理秩序和金融诈骗犯罪、组织（领导、参加、包庇、纵容）黑社会性质组织犯罪等罪犯，不积极退赃、协助追缴赃款赃物、赔偿损失，或者服刑期间利用个人影响力和社会关系等不正当手段意图获得减刑、假释的，不认定其“确有悔改表现”。 |
| The petition right of a criminal during the execution of punishment shall be protected and his lawful petition shall not be deemed as refusal to confess to and repent of crimes without analysis. | | 罪犯在刑罚执行期间的申诉权利应当依法保护，对其正当申诉不能不加分析地认为是不认罪悔罪。 |
| Article 4 Under any of the following circumstances, "meritorious service" may be determined: | | 第四条 具有下列情形之一的，可以认定为有“立功表现”： |
| (1) preventing any other person from committing a crime; | | （一）阻止他人实施犯罪活动的； |
| (2) reporting or exposing criminal activities inside or outside prison or providing important clues for the handling of a case, with such information verified upon investigation; | | （二）检举、揭发监狱内外犯罪活动，或者提供重要的破案线索，经查证属实的； |
| (3) assisting judicial authorities in the arrest of any other criminal suspect; | | （三）协助司法机关抓捕其他犯罪嫌疑人的； |
| (4) making technical innovations in production and scientific research, and performing outstandingly; | | （四）在生产、科研中进行技术革新，成绩突出的； |
| (5) performing vigorously in combating natural disaster or preventing major accidents; or | | （五）在抗御自然灾害或者排除重大事故中，表现积极的； |
| (6) making other relatively large contributions to the state or society. | | （六）对国家和社会有其他较大贡献的。 |
| Technical innovations or other relatively large contributions in item (4) and item (6) shall be made independently or mainly by the criminal during the execution of punishment, and confirmed by the provincial-level competent department. | | 第（四）项、第（六）项中的技术革新或者其他较大贡献应当由罪犯在刑罚执行期间独立或者为主完成，并经省级主管部门确认。 |
| Article 5 Under any of the following circumstances, “major meritorious service" shall be determined: | | 第五条 具有下列情形之一的，应当认定为有“重大立功表现”： |
| (1) preventing any other person from committing a major crime; | | （一）阻止他人实施重大犯罪活动的； |
| (2) reporting major criminal activities inside or outside prison, with such report verified upon investigation; | | （二）检举监狱内外重大犯罪活动，经查证属实的； |
| (3) assisting judicial authorities in the arrest of any other major criminal suspect; | | （三）协助司法机关抓捕其他重大犯罪嫌疑人的； |
| (4) having invention-creation or major technical innovations; | | （四）有发明创造或者重大技术革新的； |
| (5) risking his own life to save a person during daily life or production; | | （五）在日常生产、生活中舍己救人的； |
| (6) performing outstandingly in combating natural disasters or preventing major accidents; or | | （六）在抗御自然灾害或者排除重大事故中，有突出表现的； |
| (7) making other major contributions to the state or society. | | （七）对国家和社会有其他重大贡献的。 |
| The invention-creation or major technical innovations in item (4) shall be the patent for invention completed independently or mainly by the criminal during the execution of punishment, and confirmed by the state competent department, and include no utility model patent or design patent; and other major contributions in item (7) shall be made independently or mainly by the criminal during the execution of punishment, and confirmed by the state competent department. | | 第（四）项中的发明创造或者重大技术革新应当是罪犯在刑罚执行期间独立或者为主完成并经国家主管部门确认的发明专利，且不包括实用新型专利和外观设计专利；第（七）项中的其他重大贡献应当由罪犯在刑罚执行期间独立或者为主完成，并经国家主管部门确认。 |
| Article 6 The minimum sentence serving time before commutation for a criminal sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment is: serving not less than one year in the case of a fixed-term imprisonment of less than five years; not less than one year and six months in the case of a fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years and not more than ten years; and not less than two years in the case of a fixed-term imprisonment of not less than ten years. The minimum sentence serving time before commutation for a criminal sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment shall be calculated from the date of enforcement of the judgment. | | 第六条 被判处有期徒刑的罪犯减刑起始时间为：不满五年有期徒刑的，应当执行一年以上方可减刑；五年以上不满十年有期徒刑的，应当执行一年六个月以上方可减刑；十年以上有期徒刑的，应当执行二年以上方可减刑。有期徒刑减刑的起始时间自判决执行之日起计算。 |
| If a criminal indeed repents or performed meritorious service, a commutation shall not exceed fixed-term imprisonment of more than nine months; if a criminal indeed repents and performed meritorious service, a commutation shall not exceed fixed-term imprisonment of one year; if a criminal performed major meritorious service, a commutation shall not exceed fixed-term imprisonment of one year and six months; and if a criminal indeed repents and performed major meritorious service, a commutation shall not exceed fixed-term imprisonment of two years. | | 确有悔改表现或者有立功表现的，一次减刑不超过九个月有期徒刑；确有悔改表现并有立功表现的，一次减刑不超过一年有期徒刑；有重大立功表现的，一次减刑不超过一年六个月有期徒刑；确有悔改表现并有重大立功表现的，一次减刑不超过二年有期徒刑。 |
| In the case of a criminal sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of less than ten years, an interval between two commutations shall not be less than one year; and in the case of a criminal sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than ten years, an interval between two commutations shall not be less than one year and six months. An interval between two commutations shall not be less than the subtracted imprisonment term in the last commutation. | | 被判处不满十年有期徒刑的罪犯，两次减刑间隔时间不得少于一年；被判处十年以上有期徒刑的罪犯，两次减刑间隔时间不得少于一年六个月。减刑间隔时间不得低于上次减刑减去的刑期。 |
| Where a criminal performs major meritorious service, he may be exempt from the above restrictions on the minimum sentence serving time before commutation and intervals. | | 罪犯有重大立功表现的，可以不受上述减刑起始时间和间隔时间的限制。 |
| Article 7 Where a criminal committing duty-related crimes, crimes of undermining the order of financial management or financial fraud, crimes of organizing leading, participating in, harboring or conniving at an organization with characteristics of a criminal syndicate, crimes of endangering national security, or crimes of terrorist activities, or a head of a duty-related crime gang, or a drug-related recidivist, or a criminal failing to perform or perform all the property-related sentences in the valid judgment notwithstanding the fact that he indeed has performance ability, sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of less than ten years, satisfies the conditions for commutation, he may not have his sentence commuted before serving not less than two years, and the extent of commutation shall be controlled more strictly by analogy with Article 6 of these Provisions in so far as a commutation shall not exceed fixed-term imprisonment of one year, and an interval between two commutations shall be not less than one year. | | 第七条 对符合减刑条件的职务犯罪罪犯，破坏金融管理秩序和金融诈骗犯罪罪犯，组织、领导、参加、包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织犯罪罪犯，危害国家安全犯罪罪犯，恐怖活动犯罪罪犯，毒品犯罪集团的首要分子及毒品再犯，累犯，确有履行能力而不履行或者不全部履行生效裁判中财产性判项的罪犯，被判处十年以下有期徒刑的，执行二年以上方可减刑，减刑幅度应当比照本规定第六条从严掌握，一次减刑不超过一年有期徒刑，两次减刑之间应当间隔一年以上。 |
| A criminal in the preceding paragraph sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than ten years, or a criminal sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than ten years for intentional homicide, rape, robbery, kidnapping, arson, explosion, placing dangerous substances or organized violent crimes, or a criminal subject to combined punishment for more than one crime and sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than ten years for not less than two crimes, may not have his sentence commuted before serving not less than two years, and the extent of commutation shall be controlled more strictly by analogy with Article 6 of these Provisions in so far as a commutation shall not exceed fixed-term imprisonment of one year, and an interval between two commutations shall be not less than one year and six months. | | 对被判处十年以上有期徒刑的前款罪犯，以及因故意杀人、强奸、抢劫、绑架、放火、爆炸、投放危险物质或者有组织的暴力性犯罪被判处十年以上有期徒刑的罪犯，数罪并罚且其中两罪以上被判处十年以上有期徒刑的罪犯，执行二年以上方可减刑，减刑幅度应当比照本规定第六条从严掌握，一次减刑不超过一年有期徒刑，两次减刑之间应当间隔一年六个月以上。 |
| Where a criminal performs major meritorious service, he may be exempt from the above restrictions on the minimum sentence serving time before commutation and intervals. | | 罪犯有重大立功表现的，可以不受上述减刑起始时间和间隔时间的限制。 |
| Article 8 Where a criminal sentenced to life imprisonment satisfies the conditions for commutation during the execution of punishment, his sentence may be commuted after serving not less than two years. The extent of commutation is: If a criminal indeed repents or performed meritorious service, his fixed-term imprisonment may be commuted to fixed-term imprisonment of 22 years; if a criminal indeed repents and performed meritorious service, his fixed-term imprisonment may be commuted to not less than 21 years and not more than 22 years; if a criminal performed major meritorious service, his fixed-term imprisonment may be commuted to not less than 20 years and not more than 21 years; and if a criminal indeed repents and performed major meritorious service, his fixed-term imprisonment may be commuted to not less than 19 years and not more than 20 years. When a criminal is qualified for commutation after having his life imprisonment commuted to fixed-term imprisonment, the extent of commutation shall be subject to Article 6 of these Provisions. The interval between two commutations shall not be less than two years. | | 第八条 被判处无期徒刑的罪犯在刑罚执行期间，符合减刑条件的，执行二年以上，可以减刑。减刑幅度为：确有悔改表现或者有立功表现的，可以减为二十二年有期徒刑；确有悔改表现并有立功表现的，可以减为二十一年以上二十二年以下有期徒刑；有重大立功表现的，可以减为二十年以上二十一年以下有期徒刑；确有悔改表现并有重大立功表现的，可以减为十九年以上二十年以下有期徒刑。无期徒刑罪犯减为有期徒刑后再减刑时，减刑幅度依照本规定第六条的规定执行。两次减刑间隔时间不得少于二年。 |
| Where a criminal performs major meritorious service, he may be exempt from the above restrictions on the minimum sentence serving time before commutation and intervals. | | 罪犯有重大立功表现的，可以不受上述减刑起始时间和间隔时间的限制。 |
| Article 9 Where a criminal committing duty-related crimes, crimes of undermining the order of financial management or financial fraud, crimes of organizing leading, participating in, harboring or conniving at an organization with characteristics of a criminal syndicate, crimes of endangering national security, or crimes of terrorist activities, or a head of a duty-related crime gang, or a drug-related recidivist, or a criminal committing intentional homicide, rape, robbery, kidnapping, arson, explosion, placing dangerous substances or organized violent crimes, or a criminal failing to perform or perform all the property-related sentences in the valid judgment notwithstanding the fact that he indeed has performance ability, or a criminal subject to combined punishment for more than one crime, sentenced to life imprisonment, satisfies the conditions for commutation, he may not have his sentence commuted before serving not less than three years, and the extent of commutation shall be controlled more strictly by analogy with Article 8 of these Provisions in so far as his commuted fixed-term imprisonment shall be not less than 20 years; and when the sentence is commuted again after being commuted to fixed-term imprisonment, the extent of commutation shall be controlled more strictly by analogy with Article 6 of these Provisions in so far as his fixed-term imprisonment shall be commuted by not less than one year for once, and an interval between two commutations shall be not less than two years. | | 第九条 对被判处无期徒刑的职务犯罪罪犯，破坏金融管理秩序和金融诈骗犯罪罪犯，组织、领导、参加、包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织犯罪罪犯，危害国家安全犯罪罪犯，恐怖活动犯罪罪犯，毒品犯罪集团的首要分子及毒品再犯，累犯以及因故意杀人、强奸、抢劫、绑架、放火、爆炸、投放危险物质或者有组织的暴力性犯罪的罪犯，确有履行能力而不履行或者不全部履行生效裁判中财产性判项的罪犯，数罪并罚被判处无期徒刑的罪犯，符合减刑条件的，执行三年以上方可减刑，减刑幅度应当比照本规定第八条从严掌握，减刑后的刑期最低不得少于二十年有期徒刑；减为有期徒刑后再减刑时，减刑幅度比照本规定第六条从严掌握，一次不超过一年有期徒刑，两次减刑之间应当间隔二年以上。 |
| Where a criminal performs major meritorious service, he may be exempt from the above restrictions on the minimum sentence serving time before commutation and intervals. | | 罪犯有重大立功表现的，可以不受上述减刑起始时间和间隔时间的限制。 |
| Article 10 Where a criminal sentenced to death with a suspension of execution satisfies conditions for commutation after having his sentence commuted to life imprisonment, he may not have his sentence commuted before serving not less than three years. The extent of commutation is: If a criminal indeed repents or performed meritorious service, his fixed-term imprisonment may be commuted to fixed-term imprisonment of 25 years; if a criminal indeed repents and performed meritorious service, his fixed-term imprisonment may be commuted to not less than 24 years and not more than 25 years; if a criminal performed major meritorious service, his fixed-term imprisonment may be commuted to not less than 23 years and not more than 24 years; and if a criminal indeed repents and performed major meritorious service, his fixed-term imprisonment may be commuted to not less than 22 years and not more than 23 years. | | 第十条 被判处死刑缓期执行的罪犯减为无期徒刑后，符合减刑条件的，执行三年以上方可减刑。减刑幅度为：确有悔改表现或者有立功表现的，可以减为二十五年有期徒刑；确有悔改表现并有立功表现的，可以减为二十四年以上二十五年以下有期徒刑；有重大立功表现的，可以减为二十三年以上二十四年以下有期徒刑；确有悔改表现并有重大立功表现的，可以减为二十二年以上二十三年以下有期徒刑。 |
| When a criminal sentenced to death with a suspension of execution has his sentence commuted after having his sentence commuted to fixed-term imprisonment, the commutation shall be handled by analogy with Article 8 of these Provisions. | | 被判处死刑缓期执行的罪犯减为有期徒刑后再减刑时，比照本规定第八条的规定办理。 |
Article 11 Where a criminal committing duty-related crimes, crimes of undermining the order of financial management or financial fraud, crimes of organizing leading, participating in, harboring or conniving at an organization with characteristics of a criminal syndicate, crimes of endangering national security, or crimes of terrorist activities, or a head of a duty-related crime gang, or a drug-related recidivist,, or a criminal committing intentional homicide, rape, robbery, kidnapping, arson, explosion, placing dangerous substances or organized violent crimes, or a criminal failing to perform or perform all the property-related sentences in the valid judgment notwithstanding the fact that he indeed has performance ability, or a criminal subject to combined punishment for more than one crime, sentenced to death with a suspension of execution, satisfies the conditions for commutation after having his sentence commuted to life imprisonment, he may not have his sentence commuted before serving not less than three years, the sentence shall be generally commuted to fixed-term imprisonment of 25 years, or may be commuted to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 23 years and not more than 25 years by analogy with Article 10 of these Provisions in the case of a criminal having meritorious service or major meritorious service; and when the sentence is commuted again after being commuted to fixed-term imprisonment, the extent of commutation shall be controlled more strictly by analogy with Article 6 of these Provisions in so far as a commutation shall not exceed fixed-term imprisonment of not less than one year, and an interval between two commutations shall be not less than two years.
．．．．．． | | 第十一条 对被判处死刑缓期执行的职务犯罪罪犯，破坏金融管理秩序和金融诈骗犯罪罪犯，组织、领导、参加、包庇、纵容黑社会性质组织犯罪罪犯，危害国家安全犯罪罪犯，恐怖活动犯罪罪犯，毒品犯罪集团的首要分子及毒品再犯，累犯以及因故意杀人、强奸、抢劫、绑架、放火、爆炸、投放危险物质或者有组织的暴力性犯罪的罪犯，确有履行能力而不履行或者不全部履行生效裁判中财产性判项的罪犯，数罪并罚被判处死刑缓期执行的罪犯，减为无期徒刑后，符合减刑条件的，执行三年以上方可减刑，一般减为二十五年有期徒刑,有立功表现或者重大立功表现的，可以比照本规定第十条减为二十三年以上二十五年以下有期徒刑；减为有期徒刑后再减刑时，减刑幅度比照本规定第六条从严掌握，一次不超过一年有期徒刑，两次减刑之间应当间隔二年以上。
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