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Seed Law of the People's Republic of China (2015 Revision) [Revised]
中华人民共和国种子法(2015修订) [已被修订]
【法宝引证码】

Order of the President of the People's Republic of China 

中华人民共和国主席令

(No. 35) (第三十五号)

The Seed Law of the People's Republic of China, as revised and adopted at the 17th Session of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on November 4, 2015, is hereby issued and shall come into force on January 1, 2016. 《中华人民共和国种子法》已由中华人民共和国第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十七次会议于2015年11月4日修订通过,现将修订后的《中华人民共和国种子法》公布,自2016年1月1日起施行。
President of the People's Republic of China: Xi Jinping 中华人民共和国主席 习近平
November 4, 2015 2015年11月4日
Seed Law of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国种子法
(Adopted at the 16th Session of the Standing Committee of the Ninth National People's Congress on July 8, 2000; amended for the first time according to the Decision on Amending the Seed Law of the People's Republic of China as adopted at the 11th Session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on August 28, 2004; amended for the second time according to the Decision on Amending the Cultural Relics Protection Law of the People's Republic of China and Other Eleven Laws as adopted at the 3rd Session of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress on June 29, 2013; and revised at the 17th Session of the Standing Committee of the Twelfth National People's Congress on November 4, 2015) (2000年7月8日第九届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十六次会议通过 根据2004年8月28日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十一次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国种子法〉的决定》第一次修正 根据2013年6月29日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第三次会议《关于修改〈中华人民共和国文物保护法〉等十二部法律的决定》第二次修正 2015年11月4日第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十七次会议修订)
Table of Contents 目录
Chapter I General Provisions 第一章 总则
Chapter II Protection of Germ Plasm Resources 第二章 种质资源保护
Chapter III Variety Selection, Cultivation, Approval and Registration 第三章 品种选育、审定与登记
Chapter IV Protection of New Varieties 第四章 新品种保护
Chapter V Seed Production and Business Operation 第五章 种子生产经营
Chapter VI Supervision and Administration Related to Seeds 第六章 种子监督管理
Chapter VII Seed Import and Export and Cooperation with Foreign Countries 第七章 种子进出口和对外合作
Chapter VIII Support Measures 第八章 扶持措施
Chapter IX Legal Liability 第九章 法律责任
Chapter X Supplementary Provisions 第十章 附 则
Chapter I General Provisions 

第一章 总 则

Article 1 This Law is developed for purposes of protecting and making rational use of germ plasm resources, standardizing variety selection and cultivation, as well as seed production and business operation and the administration thereof, protecting the right to new varieties of plants, safeguarding the lawful rights and interests of seed producers, traders and users, improving the quality of seeds, pushing forward the industrial management of seeds, developing modern seed industry, guaranteeing grain safety of the state, and promoting the development of agriculture and forestry.   第一条 为了保护和合理利用种质资源,规范品种选育、种子生产经营和管理行为,保护植物新品种权,维护种子生产经营者、使用者的合法权益,提高种子质量,推动种子产业化,发展现代种业,保障国家粮食安全,促进农业和林业的发展,制定本法。
Article 2 This Law shall apply to variety selection and cultivation, seed production, business operation and management, and other activities conducted within the territory of the People's Republic of China.   第二条 在中华人民共和国境内从事品种选育、种子生产经营和管理等活动,适用本法。
For the purpose of this Law, “seeds” mean the materials for planting or propagating crops and forest trees, including grains, fruits, roots, stems, seedlings, sprouts, leaves, and flowers, among others. 本法所称种子,是指农作物和林木的种植材料或者繁殖材料,包括籽粒、果实、根、茎、苗、芽、叶、花等。
Article 3 Competent agriculture and forestry departments of the State Council shall respectively take charge of the work related to crop seeds and forest tree seeds across the country. Competent agriculture and forestry departments of local people's governments at or above the county level shall respectively take charge of the work related to crop seeds and forest tree seeds within their respective administrative regions.   第三条 国务院农业、林业主管部门分别主管全国农作物种子和林木种子工作;县级以上地方人民政府农业、林业主管部门分别主管本行政区域内农作物种子和林木种子工作。
People's governments at all levels and their relevant departments shall take measures to strengthen law enforcement and supervision on seeds, and in accordance with the law, punish seed-related violations of laws that infringe upon farmers' rights and interests. 各级人民政府及其有关部门应当采取措施,加强种子执法和监督,依法惩处侵害农民权益的种子违法行为。
Article 4 The state supports the protection of germ plasm resources and the selection, cultivation, production, replacement and popularization of improved varieties, encourages the integration of variety selection and cultivation and seed production and business operation, and rewards the entities and individuals that have made remarkable achievements in the work such as the protection of germ plasm resources and the selection, cultivation and popularization of improved varieties.   第四条 国家扶持种质资源保护工作和选育、生产、更新、推广使用良种,鼓励品种选育和种子生产经营相结合,奖励在种质资源保护工作和良种选育、推广等工作中成绩显著的单位和个人。
Article 5 People's governments at or above the provincial level shall, according to the guidelines for developing agriculture through science and education and in light of the needs for the development of agriculture and forestry, make plans for the development of the seed industry and organize the implementation of such plans.   第五条 省级以上人民政府应当根据科教兴农方针和农业、林业发展的需要制定种业发展规划并组织实施。
Article 6 People's governments at or above the provincial level shall establish seed reserve rules mainly for purposes of satisfying production needs when disasters occur and regulating surplus and deficiency, so as to guarantee the safety of agriculture and forestry production. Reserved seeds shall be inspected and updated on a periodical basis. The specific measures for seed reserves shall be provided for by the State Council.   第六条 省级以上人民政府建立种子储备制度,主要用于发生灾害时的生产需要及余缺调剂,保障农业和林业生产安全。对储备的种子应当定期检验和更新。种子储备的具体办法由国务院规定。
Article 7 The variety selection, cultivation, experiments, approval and popularization of genetically modified plant varieties shall be subject to safety evaluation, and strict safety control measures shall be taken. Competent agriculture and forestry departments of the State Council shall strengthen track and supervision and in a timely manner, announce the information on the approval and popularization of genetically modified plant varieties. The specific measures shall be provided for by the State Council.   第七条 转基因植物品种的选育、试验、审定和推广应当进行安全性评价,并采取严格的安全控制措施。国务院农业、林业主管部门应当加强跟踪监管并及时公告有关转基因植物品种审定和推广的信息。具体办法由国务院规定。
Chapter II Protection of Germ Plasm Resources 

第二章 种质资源保护

Article 8 The state protects germ plasm resources in accordance with law, and no entity or individual may misappropriate or destroy germ plasm resources.   第八条 国家依法保护种质资源,任何单位和个人不得侵占和破坏种质资源。
The collection and felling of natural germ plasm resources under special state protection shall be prohibited. If collecting or cutting is required for scientific research or any other particular reason, the matter shall be subject to approval by the competent agriculture or forestry department of the State Council or of the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government. 禁止采集或者采伐国家重点保护的天然种质资源。因科研等特殊情况需要采集或者采伐的,应当经国务院或者省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的农业、林业主管部门批准。
Article 9 The state shall, in a planned way, conduct general survey, collect, sort out, verify, register, preserve, exchange and utilize germ plasm resources, and on a periodical basis, issue the catalogue of available germ plasm resources that may be utilized. The specific measures shall be developed by competent agriculture and forestry departments of the State Council.   第九条 国家有计划地普查、收集、整理、鉴定、登记、保存、交流和利用种质资源,定期公布可供利用的种质资源目录。具体办法由国务院农业、林业主管部门规定。
Article 10 Competent agriculture and forestry departments of the State Council shall establish germ plasm resources banks, germ plasm resources protection zones or germ plasm resources reserves. Competent agriculture and forestry departments of people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Governments may establish germ plasm resources banks, germ plasm resources protection zones and germ plasm resources reserves based on requirements. The germ plasm resources of germ plasm resources banks, germ plasm resources protection zones and germ plasm resources reserves are public resources, and shall be opened and utilized in accordance with the law.   第十条 国务院农业、林业主管部门应当建立种质资源库、种质资源保护区或者种质资源保护地。省、自治区、直辖市人民政府农业、林业主管部门可以根据需要建立种质资源库、种质资源保护区、种质资源保护地。种质资源库、种质资源保护区、种质资源保护地的种质资源属公共资源,依法开放利用。
The occupation of any germ plasm resources bank, germ plasm resources protection zone or germ plasm resources reserve shall be subject to approval by the original authority that forms it. 占用种质资源库、种质资源保护区或者种质资源保护地的,需经原设立机关同意。
Article 11 The state has sovereignty over germ plasm resources. Any entity or individual that plans to provide germ plasm resources to overseas or cooperates with any overseas institution or individual in conducting research to utilize germ plasm resources shall file an application with the competent agriculture or forestry department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government, and submit the state benefit sharing plan; and the competent agriculture or forestry department that accepts the application shall, upon examination, submit the application and plan to the competent agriculture or forestry department of the State Council for approval.   第十一条 国家对种质资源享有主权,任何单位和个人向境外提供种质资源,或者与境外机构、个人开展合作研究利用种质资源的,应当向省、自治区、直辖市人民政府农业、林业主管部门提出申请,并提交国家共享惠益的方案;受理申请的农业、林业主管部门经审核,报国务院农业、林业主管部门批准。
Any introduction of germ plasm resources from overseas shall be handled in accordance with the relevant provisions of competent agriculture and forestry departments of the State Council. 从境外引进种质资源的,依照国务院农业、林业主管部门的有关规定办理。
Chapter III Variety Selection, Cultivation, Approval and Registration 

第三章 品种选育、审定与登记

Article 12 The state supports scientific research institutions and institutions of higher learning in centering on the research on fundamental, frontier and applied technologies for breeding, the breeding of conventional crops and main reproducing tree species, the selection and cultivation of vegetative propagation materials, and other public welfare research.   第十二条 国家支持科研院所及高等院校重点开展育种的基础性、前沿性和应用技术研究,以及常规作物、主要造林树种育种和无性繁殖材料选育等公益性研究。
The state encourages seed enterprises to make full use of public welfare research achievements so as to cultivate good varieties with independent intellectual property rights; and encourages seed enterprises to build technical research and development platforms with scientific research institutions and institutions of higher learning, and establish the seed industry technical innovation system with market as the orientation, capital as the link, and featured by interest sharing and joint assumption of risks. 国家鼓励种子企业充分利用公益性研究成果,培育具有自主知识产权的优良品种;鼓励种子企业与科研院所及高等院校构建技术研发平台,建立以市场为导向、资本为纽带、利益共享、风险共担的产学研相结合的种业技术创新体系。
The state shall strengthen the enhancement of capability for making scientific and technological innovations in the seed industry, promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements made in the seed industry, and protect the lawful rights and interests of technicians in the seed industry. 国家加强种业科技创新能力建设,促进种业科技成果转化,维护种业科技人员的合法权益。
Article 13 The undertakers of authorized projects shall, in accordance with the law, obtain the right to breeding invention patents and the right to new varieties of plants formed through fiscal support, unless they involve state security, national interest or major public interest.   第十三条 由财政资金支持形成的育种发明专利权和植物新品种权,除涉及国家安全、国家利益和重大社会公共利益的外,授权项目承担者依法取得。
The transfer and licensing, among others, of breeding results formed through fiscal support shall be conducted in public in accordance with the law, and private trading is prohibited. 由财政资金支持为主形成的育种成果的转让、许可等应当依法公开进行,禁止私自交易。
Article 14 Where the economic income of entities or individuals are reduced for the reason that competent forestry departments establish testing stands, experimental stands, fine tree collection areas, or gene banks, among others, for the selection and cultivation of improved varieties of forest trees, competent forestry departments that grant the approval shall make economic compensation in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state.   第十四条 单位和个人因林业主管部门为选育林木良种建立测定林、试验林、优树收集区、基因库等而减少经济收入的,批准建立的林业主管部门应当按照国家有关规定给予经济补偿。
Article 15 The state implements the rules for the approval of main crop and forest tree varieties. Main crop varieties and main forest tree varieties shall be subject to approval at the national or provincial level prior to their popularization. Main forest tree varieties determined by competent forestry departments of people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall be subject to approval at the provincial level.   第十五条 国家对主要农作物和主要林木实行品种审定制度。主要农作物品种和主要林木品种在推广前应当通过国家级或者省级审定。由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府林业主管部门确定的主要林木品种实行省级审定。
The varieties under applications for approval shall comply with the requirements for specialty, consistency and stability. 申请审定的品种应当符合特异性、一致性、稳定性要求。
The measures for the approval of main crop varieties and main forest tree varieties shall be prescribed by competent agriculture and forestry departments of the State Council. The approval measures shall embody the principles of fairness, openness, scientificness and efficiency, be conducive to the improvement and coordination of yield, quality, and resistance, among others, and be conducive to the popularization of varieties adapting to market demand and the requirements for living and consumption. When approval measures are developed or amended, the opinions of breeders, seed users, producers and traders and representatives of the relevant industries shall be fully solicited. 主要农作物品种和主要林木品种的审定办法由国务院农业、林业主管部门规定。审定办法应当体现公正、公开、科学、效率的原则,有利于产量、品质、抗性等的提高与协调,有利于适应市场和生活消费需要的品种的推广。在制定、修改审定办法时,应当充分听取育种者、种子使用者、生产经营者和相关行业代表意见。
Article 16 Competent agriculture and forestry departments of the State Council and people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall respectively set up crop and forest tree variety approval committees composed of professionals. Variety approval committees shall undertake the approval of main crop varieties and main forest tree varieties, establish approval archives covering the contents such as application documents, the data of variety approval experiments, seed samples, approval opinions and approval conclusions, and ensure that they are traceable. The information on approved varieties issued in accordance with the law shall cover approval opinions to accept supervision.   第十六条 国务院和省、自治区、直辖市人民政府的农业、林业主管部门分别设立由专业人员组成的农作物品种和林木品种审定委员会。品种审定委员会承担主要农作物品种和主要林木品种的审定工作,建立包括申请文件、品种审定试验数据、种子样品、审定意见和审定结论等内容的审定档案,保证可追溯。在审定通过的品种依法公布的相关信息中应当包括审定意见情况,接受监督。
Withdrawal rules shall be implemented for the approval of varieties. The committee members and ordinary staff members of variety approval committees and the relevant personnel making tests and experiments shall be duteous, impartial and honest. Competent agriculture and forestry departments of people's governments at or above the provincial level and the relevant authorities shall, in accordance with the law, handle the violations of laws by the aforesaid personnel as reported by entities and individuals or found through supervision and inspection. 品种审定实行回避制度。品种审定委员会委员、工作人员及相关测试、试验人员应当忠于职守,公正廉洁。对单位和个人举报或者监督检查发现的上述人员的违法行为,省级以上人民政府农业、林业主管部门和有关机关应当及时依法处理。
Article 17 Seed enterprises that integrate selection, cultivation, production and business operation, and meet the conditions prescribed by competent agriculture and forestry departments of the State Council may, according to approval methods, complete by themselves experiments on main crop varieties and main forest tree varieties developed through their independent research, and if the approval standards are reached, variety approval committees shall issue approval certificates. Seed enterprises shall be responsible for the truthfulness of experimental data, ensure that they are traceable, and accept the supervision of competent agriculture and forestry departments of people's governments at or above the provincial level and public supervision.   第十七条 实行选育生产经营相结合,符合国务院农业、林业主管部门规定条件的种子企业,对其自主研发的主要农作物品种、主要林木品种可以按照审定办法自行完成试验,达到审定标准的,品种审定委员会应当颁发审定证书。种子企业对试验数据的真实性负责,保证可追溯,接受省级以上人民政府农业、林业主管部门和社会的监督。
Article 18 Where the applicant has any objection to any crop variety or forest tree variety that fails to obtain the approval upon examination, the applicant may file a reexamination application with the original variety approval committee or the national approval committee.   第十八条 审定未通过的农作物品种和林木品种,申请人有异议的,可以向原审定委员会或者国家级审定委员会申请复审。
Article 19 The crop varieties and improved varieties of forest trees approved at the national level shall be announced by competent agriculture and forestry departments of the State Council, and may be popularized in suitable ecological regions across the country. The crop varieties and improved varieties of forest trees approved at the provincial level shall be announced by competent agriculture and forestry departments of people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government, and they may be popularized in suitable ecological regions within their respective administrative regions. Whoever introduces any improved crop variety or forest tree variety from the same suitable ecological region in any other province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government shall report the introduced variety and relevant region to the competent agriculture or forestry department of the local people's government of the province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government for recordation.   第十九条 通过国家级审定的农作物品种和林木良种由国务院农业、林业主管部门公告,可以在全国适宜的生态区域推广。通过省级审定的农作物品种和林木良种由省、自治区、直辖市人民政府农业、林业主管部门公告,可以在本行政区域内适宜的生态区域推广;其他省、自治区、直辖市属于同一适宜生态区的地域引种农作物品种、林木良种的,引种者应当将引种的品种和区域报所在省、自治区、直辖市人民政府农业、林业主管部门备案。
The to-be-introduced forest tree varieties which have no natural distribution in a region shall pass experiments according to the national standards on variety introduction. 引种本地区没有自然分布的林木品种,应当按照国家引种标准通过试验。
Article 20 Competent agriculture and forestry departments of people's governments of provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities directly under the Central Government shall improve regional cooperation mechanisms for variety selection, cultivation and approval, and promote the selection, cultivation and popularization of good varieties.   第二十条 省、自治区、直辖市人民政府农业、林业主管部门应当完善品种选育、审定工作的区域协作机制,促进优良品种的选育和推广。
Article 21 Where any approved crop variety or improved variety of forest trees has any serious defect that cannot be rectified or falls under any other circumstance and it is inappropriate to continue popularizing and selling it, the original approval committee shall, upon examination and confirmation, revoke the approval, and the original issuer shall make an announcement to cease the popularization and sale thereof.   第二十一条 审定通过的农作物品种和林木良种出现不可克服的严重缺陷等情形不宜继续推广、销售的,经原审定委员会审核确认后,撤销审定,由原公告部门发布公告,停止推广、销售。
Article 22 The state implements variety registration rules for some non-main crops. The varieties included in the non-main crop registration catalogue shall be registered before their popularization.   第二十二条 国家对部分非主要农作物实行品种登记制度。列入非主要农作物登记目录的品种在推广前应当登记。
The scope of crops that are subject to variety registration shall be strictly controlled and be determined under the principles of protecting biological diversity and guaranteeing consumption safety and variety safety. The registration catalogue shall be developed and adjusted by the competent agriculture department of the State Council. 实行品种登记的农作物范围应当严格控制,并根据保护生物多样性、保证消费安全和用种安全的原则确定。登记目录由国务院农业主管部门制定和调整。
An applicant that applies for variety registration shall submit application documents and seed samples to the competent agriculture department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government, be responsible for their truthfulness, ensure that they are traceable, and accept supervision and inspection. The application documents shall cover the variety type, name, source, features, breeding process, and specialty, consistency and stability testing reports, among others. 申请者申请品种登记应当向省、自治区、直辖市人民政府农业主管部门提交申请文件和种子样品,并对其真实性负责,保证可追溯,接受监督检查。申请文件包括品种的种类、名称、来源、特性、育种过程以及特异性、一致性、稳定性测试报告等。
The competent agriculture department of the people's government of the province, autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government shall, within 20 working days as of acceptance of a variety registration application, conduct written examination of the application documents submitted by the applicant, and if the application satisfies the relevant requirements, shall report it to the competent agriculture department of the State Council for registration and announcement. 省、自治区、直辖市人民政府农业主管部门自受理品种登记申请之日起二十个工作日内,对申请者提交的申请文件进行书面审查,符合要求的,报国务院农业主管部门予以登记公告。
Where the application documents and seed samples on a registered variety are false, the competent agriculture department of the State Council shall revoke the registration of the variety, include the illegal information on the applicant in social credit archives, and announce to the public; and if any loss has been caused to any seed user or any other seed producer or trader, the applicant shall assume compensation liability in accordance with the law. 对已登记品种存在申请文件、种子样品不实的,由国务院农业主管部门撤销该品种登记,并将该申请者的违法信息记入社会诚信档案,向社会公布;给种子使用者和其他种子生产经营者造成损失的,依法承担赔偿责任。
Where any registered variety has any serious defect that cannot be rectified or falls under any other circumstance, the competent agriculture department of the State Council shall revoke the registration, make an announcement, and cease the popularization of the variety. 对已登记品种出现不可克服的严重缺陷等情形的,由国务院农业主管部门撤销登记,并发布公告,停止推广。
The measures for the registration of non-main crop varieties shall be provided for by the competent agriculture department of the State Council. 非主要农作物品种登记办法由国务院农业主管部门规定。
Article 23 No crop varieties that should have been examined for approval may be announced, popularized or sold.   第二十三条 应当审定的农作物品种未经审定的,不得发布广告、推广、销售。
No forest tree varieties that are granted approval without examination may be popularized or sold as improved varieties. However, if such varieties are indeed needed for production, the matter shall be subject to confirmation by the forest tree variety approval committee. 应当审定的林木品种未经审定通过的,不得作为良种推广、销售,但生产确需使用的,应当经林木品种审定委员会认定。
The crop varieties that should have been registered shall not be advertised or popularized, and shall not be sold in the name of registered varieties. 应当登记的农作物品种未经登记的,不得发布广告、推广,不得以登记品种的名义销售。
Article 24 Where any overseas institution or foreigner that has no regular domicile or business premise in China applies for the approval or registration of any variety in China, the institution or foreigner shall authorize a domestic seed enterprise with the legal person status as the agent.   第二十四条 在中国境内没有经常居所或者营业场所的境外机构、个人在境内申请品种审定或者登记的,应当委托具有法人资格的境内种子企业代理。
Chapter IV Protection of New Varieties 

第四章 新品种保护

Article 25 The state implements rules for the protection of new varieties of plants. The plant varieties in the national plant variety protection catalogue that are selected manually or improved from discovered wild plants, have novelty, specialty, consistency and stability and are appropriately named shall be granted the right to new varieties of plants by competent agriculture and forestry departments of the State Council, and the lawful rights and interests of owners of the right to new varieties of plants shall be protected. The content and ownership, granting conditions, application and acceptance, examination and approval, as well as time limit, termination and invalidation, among others, of the right to new varieties of plants shall be governed by this Law and the provisions of the relevant laws and administrative regulations.   第二十五条 国家实行植物新品种保护制度。对国家植物品种保护名录内经过人工选育或者发现的野生植物加以改良,具备新颖性、特异性、一致性、稳定性和适当命名的植物品种,由国务院农业、林业主管部门授予植物新品种权,保护植物新品种权所有人的合法权益。植物新品种权的内容和归属、授予条件、申请和受理、审查与批准,以及期限、终止和无效等依照本法、有关法律和行政法规规定执行。
The state encourages and supports scientific and technological innovations in the seed industry, the breeding of new varieties of plants and the transformation of achievements. If the varieties that have obtained the right to new varieties of plants are popularized and applied, breeders shall obtain the corresponding economic benefits in accordance with the law. 国家鼓励和支持种业科技创新、植物新品种培育及成果转化。取得植物新品种权的品种得到推广应用的,育种者依法获得相应的经济利益。
Article 26 One new plant variety may only be granted one right to new varieties of plants. If two or more applicants file separate applications for the right to new varieties of plants on the same variety, the right to new varieties of plants shall be granted to the applicant that files the application first; and if they file the applications at the same time, the right to new varieties of plants shall be granted to the applicant that first completes the breeding of the variety.   第二十六条 一个植物新品种只能授予一项植物新品种权。两个以上的申请人分别就同一个品种申请植物新品种权的,植物新品种权授予最先申请的人;同时申请的,植物新品种权授予最先完成该品种育种的人。
A new plant variety that violates any law, endangers public interest or damages the ecological environment shall not be granted the right to new varieties of plants. 对违反法律,危害社会公共利益、生态环境的植物新品种,不授予植物新品种权。
Article 27 The name of a new plant variety granted the right to new varieties of plants shall be differentiated from the known denominations of the same or similar genera or species of plants. Such a name may become the universal name of the new plant variety upon authorization.   第二十七条 授予植物新品种权的植物新品种名称,应当与相同或者相近的植物属或者种中已知品种的名称相区别。该名称经授权后即为该植物新品种的通用名称。
None of the following may be used for the denomination of the authorized variety: 下列名称不得用于授权品种的命名:
(1) Those consisting of numbers only. (一)仅以数字表示的;
(2) Those in violation of social ethics. (二)违反社会公德的;
(3) Those that are liable to be misleading as to the characteristics or features of the new plant variety, or as to the identity of the variety breeder, among others. (三)对植物新品种的特征、特性或者育种者身份等容易引起误解的。
The same plant variety shall use the same name when applying for new variety protection, variety approval, and variety registration, popularization and sale. The seeds produced, popularized and sold shall be consistent with the samples provided at the time of applying for new plant variety protection, approval and registration. 同一植物品种在申请新品种保护、品种审定、品种登记、推广、销售时只能使用同一个名称。生产推广、销售的种子应当与申请植物新品种保护、品种审定、品种登记时提供的样品相符。
Article 28 An entity or an individual that has bred a variety enjoys exclusive rights to the authorized variety. No entity or individual may, without the permission of the owner of the right to new varieties of plants, produce, propagate or sell the propagation materials of the authorized variety, or repeatedly use for commercial purpose the propagation materials of the authorized variety in the production of the propagation materials of another variety, unless as otherwise provided for by this Law or any relevant law or administrative regulation.
......
   第二十八条 完成育种的单位或者个人对其授权品种,享有排他的独占权。任何单位或者个人未经植物新品种权所有人许可,不得生产、繁殖或者销售该授权品种的繁殖材料,不得为商业目的将该授权品种的繁殖材料重复使用于生产另一品种的繁殖材料;但是本法、有关法律、行政法规另有规定的除外。
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